Unit6 词汇课文 讲义- 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

Unit 6 Pets语言知识点 1、 教学目标 1） 掌握八下U6课文和词汇常考语言知识点； 2）能正确运用所学语言知识点完成相应的练习； Lesson 12 Unit 6 Pets语言知识点 模块一 语言知识点讲解 1、 词汇讲解 单词 音标 含义 考点梳理 1. respond [rɪ'spɒnd] v . 【搭】respond to 【变】response n. 2.complaint  [kəm'pleɪnt] n. 【变】 v. 抱怨 3.cause [kɔːz] v. 【同】lead = result 【变】cause n. 4.dolphin ['dɒlfɪn] n. 5.click [klɪk] v. 6.reason ['riːz(ə)n] n. 【变】reasonable adj. 7.cute  [kjuːt] adj. 【同】lovely=attractive 8.responsibility  [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlətɪ] n. 【变】responsible adj. 【同】duty=obligation 【搭】have the responsibility sth. 有义务做某事 be responsible sth. 对某事负责 9.feed  [fiːd] v. 【变】 （过去式）- （过去分词） 【搭】feed on 10.according to [əˈkɔ:dɪŋ tə] prep. 11.faithfully ['feɪθfʊlɪ] adv. 【变】faithful adj. 【搭】be faithful 对……忠诚的 12.sofa  ['səʊfə] n. 13.noisy ['nɒɪzɪ] adj. 【衍】noise n. ；voice n. sound n. 14.nearly  ['nɪəlɪ] adv. 【同】almost=close to 15.stranger  ['streɪn(d)ʒə] n. 【变】strange adj. 16.common ['kɒmən] adj. 【同】usual=ordinary 17.choice  [tʃɒɪs] n. 【变】 v. 过去式 过去分词 18.lie  [laɪ] v. lie-lay-lain-lying lie-lied-lied-lying 19.attention  [ə'tenʃ(ə)n] n. 【搭】pay attention to sth. 20.scare  [skeə] v. 【搭】 adj. 感到害怕的 adj. 令人害怕的 【同】frighten 21.believe  [bɪ'liːv] v. 【变】belief n. 【同】 信任 【搭】believe 相信；信任 22.heart  [hɑːt] n. 23.heart attack [hɑ:t əˈtæk] n. 24.until  [ən'tɪl] conj. 【同】till 【搭】not..until... 25.care for 26.what’s more 【同】more importantly 27.have no choice but to do sth. 【同】can only=have to do sth. 28.run free 【同】run here and there 29.lie around 【同】sit around 30.keep sb. from doing sth. 【同】 sb. from doing sth.= sb. from sth. 31.be faithful to 32.die of 【辨】die of 一般指由于疾病、情感等内因导致死亡 die from 一般指事故、外伤等外因导致死亡 33.keep on 【同】go on doing; continue doing . 2、 课文回顾 HEAD TO HEAD Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs? Emma and Matt give their opinions on this matter. Keeping pet dogs is a good idea, says Emma. Keeping pet dogs is a good idea. There are lots of 1.___________(reason) for this. First, dogs are really cute. It’s nice 2.______________(hold) them in our arms, and it’s wonderful to see them grow up. Second, we can learn responsibility from keeping dogs. We have to feed them, train them and play 3.________ them. According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people. Young people can learn how 4.___________(care) for others by keeping dogs. A dog will love you 5.___________(faithful) and bring you lots of happiness for many years. So I think it’s a good idea to keep pet dogs. Keeping pet dogs is not a good idea, says Matt. It’s not a good idea to keep pet dogs. Pet dogs leave their hair on the floor, on beds and on sofas, and they need to 6.__________(wash) often. Dogs are noisy. Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. Some dogs bark 7.__________(loudly) than others. A few dogs bark all night. This stops people from getting any sleep. Not all dogs are friendly. 8.______ small number of pet dogs even attack people. What’s more, it’s common for people to live in flats. They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces. 9.__________, dogs need fresh air and large open spaces where they can run free. Finally, 10._____________(own) dogs can be expensive. So keeping pet dogs is not a good idea. 三、语言知识点讲解 要点 1 choice 名词为choice,意为“ ”。 常用于: ①make a choice to do sth. “ ” I made a choice to make a nice card for my mother. ②have no choice but to do sth. “ ” I had no choice but to do as my father told me. 拓展choose (1)作为动词，意为“选择；挑选”。过去式和过去分词为 。常用于以下表达中： ①choose (sb.)to do sth. “ ” Tom chose to stay home watching TV. My teacher chose me to answer his question. ②choose sb.as... “ ” My classmates chose me as their monitor. ③choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. “ ” My mother chose a special present for me on my birthday. =My mother chose me a special present on my birthday. 【典例分析】 1.He chose me a nice present.（同义改写） =He chose a nice present _________ __________. 2. ① We go to the store to ___________ (挑选) presents for our friends. ② It’s my____________ (choose), not yours. 3.你必须在我们之间作出选择 You have to ________ _______ ________ between us.。 要点 2： common adj. 【例句】 Such behaviour of the little boy is common to his mother. 【拓展】 (1)commonly adv. This software is commonly used in mobile phones. (2)uncommon adj. Such car accidents are not uncommon on the highway. (3)in common The twins have much in common. 【典例分析】 I have much common with my pen pal. 要点3 by +sth./doing : Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal. by：① “ ”，表示位置，=near，beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. ② “ ”,表示方法手段。如： I learn English by listening to the radio. ③ “ ”，用于被动语态。如： The cake is eaten by the boy. 【典例分析】 一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法 1.We live by the forest. _______________________________________________________ 2. I knew him by watching TV. _______________________________________________________ 3. The accident was caused by drunk driver. _______________________________________________________ 要点4 hold Hold them in our arm.抱着他们 Hold 抓住；握住；拿住 hold的其他含义： Hold 是动词，意为“ ”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。 hold a meeting hold a concert hold a sports meeting hold 保持；维持 How long will this fine weather hold? 抓住；握住；拿住 He held the thief by the arm. 容纳；包含 Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 支撑……的重量 The chair can’t hold your weight. 短语 hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等 【典例分析】 1. The Olympic Games _____every four years. A. are held  B. were hold  C. are holding  D. will hold  2、翻译，指出下面Hold在各句的意义。 1）He was holding the baby in his arms. 2）We hold a sports meeting twice a year in our school. 3）Hold your head up. 4）I don't think the chair can hold your weight. 5）The plane holds about 300 passengers. 要点5. the number of/ a number of （1）a number of 意为“ ”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用 形式。number前面可以用large，great，small等修饰，构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如： I have a number of letters to write. A large number of students in our school are from other countries. A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday. （2）the number of意为“ ”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用 形式。例如： The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English. 【典例分析】 1.The number of people invited to the party________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 2.As we all know, __________ number of people learning Chinese is increasing rapidly. A. a B. an C. the D. \ 3.There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing. A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are 要点6. until until意为“直到……”，有下列用法： （1）作介词，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。例如： She waited there until 9 o’clock. （2）作连词，后接从句，引导时间状语从句。例如： We waited until the rain stopped. 【拓展】 until可用于否定句中，即not…until…意为“直到……才” 例如： The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back. 【典例分析】 1. 直到我去找老师帮忙，我才解出这道题。 I ___________ _______ the problem _________ I went to my teacher for help. 2．—Excuse me, is it my turn now? —Not yet. Please wait on the chair ______ your name is called． A．and B．until C．although D．since 3. I didn’t finish my homework________ 10:30 last night. A. until B. after C. though D. if 模块二 语言知识点巩固练习 一、单项选择。 1. We ______ until he came back. A. left B. not leave C. waited D. wait 2. ______ the school rules, everyone should attend school on time. A. According to B. Close to C. Next to D. In front of 3. They say Amy is a responsible girl who _______ her family and friends. A. asks for B. leaves for C. waits for D. cares for 4. Alex lost the book borrowed from the library, so he had no choice but _______ for it. A. pay B. pays C. paying D. to pay 5. Write ________, Linda. I can’t read what you wrote on your notebook. A. careful B. carefully C. carefuler D. carefullier 6. ________ IT companies ________ made new development this year. A. A number of; has B. The number of; has C. The number of; have D. A number of; have 7.--- Is your pet dog faithful   you? --- Sure. I care   it every day. A. for; with B. to; for C. with; of D. at; after 8.Because of water pollution, more than ten people in the village   cancer last year. A. caught of B. died of C. made of D. heard of 二、用所给词的适当形式填空,未给提示词的填合适的介词或者连词。 1. The bus driver is ______________ (responsibility)for the passengers’ safety. 2. Don’t worry. There are mountains of ___________ (choose) for you in the big supermarket. 3. I hate people lie ______ me. 4. Your explanation sounds______________ (reason), therefore, I accept your apology. 5. The Olympic Games are _____(hold ) every four years. 6. My grandmother is ___________ (near) one hundred years old now. 7. Jim’s brother is __________ (lie) in bed, reading a storybook. 8. The cake was eaten _______ that little boy. 9. These two events have nothing in ____________ (commonly). 10. The number of people speaking Chinese _________(be) larger than that of those speaking English. 11. Everyone has to keep on ___________ (stay) here until the teacher gives us permission to leave. 12. We waited ______ the rain stopped. 三、完成句子 1. 他在母亲生病住院时照顾她。 He _________ _________ his mother when she was in hospital. 2. 吸烟污染空气。更重要的是，它有害健康。 Smoking pollutes the air. ___________ _________, it is bad for health. 3. 除了等待，他们别无选择。 They ________ ________ _________ ________ ______ wait. 4. 宠物允许在这一区域自由走动。 Pets are allowed to _________ _________ in this area. 5. 孩子们正在快乐玩耍。 The kids _______ _________ _________. 6.政府应阻止人们向河流排放污水。 The government should ________people _________ ________ dirty water into rivers . 7.从这本书当中我们可以学到责任。 We can __________ responsibility ___________ the book . 8.听到你腿受伤的消息我很遗憾 。 I’m _______ __________ ___________ that you hurt your leg . 9. 那时候，他一直待在这无所事事 He __________ __________ here all the time then. 10.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。 I ________ him _________in the garden yesterday. 模块三 题型训练 完形填空 (A) Do you believe a dog can buy newspaper for his host? Jack and his friend believe it. Jack lives in a small town. He works in a zoo. His job is to ____1____ animals. He likes it very much. He also keeps a ____2____ himself. When he has ____3____, he always plays games with his dog. He is ____4____ but he always saves some money to buy some delicious food for his dog. In order to save money, Jack only eats ____5____ for meals. One day, Jack’s friend came and visited Jack. At dinner time, Jack’s friend took Jack to a restaurant in the city for dinner and Jack took his dog with him. At the restaurant, when they were ____6____, Jack threw some meat to it. His friend felt strange and ____7____ Jack why he did this. Jack replied that his dog was ____8____ and it could even ____9____ newspaper if his friend gave it some money. His friend wanted to see whether it was true and gave ten dollars to the dog. The dog went away ____10____, but it never came back. 1．A．care for B．look for C．look at D．put out 2．A．cat B．dog C．mouse D．fish 3．A．money B．food C．joy D．time 4．A．rich B．poor C．ill D．fat 5．A．meat B．milk C．fish D．bread 6．A．singing B．running C．eating D．sleeping 7．A．asked B．smelt C．answered D．said 8．A．clever B．foolish C．fast D．serious 9．A．sell B．write C．buy D．eat 10．A．quickly B．slowly C．sadly D．angrily (B) A few months ago, Kim found there was something wrong with her dog—Jake. His eyes had stopped producing tears (眼泪), and it was clear he was in a lot of ____1____. Kim took him to the doctor’s, and the doctor advised to have his eyeballs removed. “I finally made a difficult decision and ____2____ the doctor to make him more comfortable,” Kim explained. When Jake came back home, he ____3____ to be afraid to climb stairs for the first time. However, something ____4____ took place. Addie, his dog sister and partner, realized his problem and decided to help. “She came down the stairs, stood next to him and then walked back up as if to show him the ____5____,” Kim said. “I was totally moved by Addie. She was such a good partner. I watched ____6____, hoping Addie’s plan would work, and it did.” Kim tied a bell around Addie’s neck ____7____ it could help Jake find Addie more easily. Addie continued to ____8____ Jake while he got used to his new condition (状况). Now Jake doesn’t need Addie to ____9____ the bell anymore. He’s able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily. But whenever Jake and Addie visit some ____10____ places, Addie works as a guide dog again. What a good dog sister and partner! 1．A．fun B．pain C．courage D．surprise 2．A．played with B．fought with C．agreed with D．worked with 3．A．appeared B．wanted C．hoped D．decided 4．A．simple B．amazing C．terrible D．serious 5．A．size B．shape C．time D．way 6．A．nervously B．correctly C．quickly D．suddenly 7．A．until B．when C．if D．because 8．A．care for B．look for C．pay for D．ask for 9．A．record B．wear C．buy D．hear 10．A．old B．bright C．new D．dark 模块四 课后作业（15分钟） 1、 选择题。 1. 词汇测试。 i．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。 ( )1.-- It's a cute cat, right? --Yes, almost everyone likes it. A.hardly B. nearly C. probably ( )2.-- What about your report? Has your teacher passed it? --I handed it in last week but he hasn't responded. A.replied B. returned C. left ( )3.-- Do you know what caused the accident? --Because of the driver's careless driving. A. took away B. put down C. led to ( )4.-- Look! Visitors are not allowed to feed animals in the zoo. --Sorry, I won't. A. provide food for B. give money to C. find time for ( )5.-- Now more and more old people live alone. --So it's common to see that they keep dogs as their friends. A.ordinary B. important C. convenient ( )6.-- I advised he should have a rest just now, but he kept on working. --Maybe he wanted to finish the work as soon as possible. A. remembered B. continued C. forgot ( )7.-- Would you like to keep a pet? --Yes, but I'm afraid I don't have time to care for it because I'm too busy. A. look at B. worry about C. take care of ( )8.-- It's time to keep Tony from playing computer games. --I agree. However, I think it's not easy to do that. A. stop ... from B. compare ... with C. take ... out of ii．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )9.-- Why has Lisa not come back yet? --She went to a party so she won't come back ________ it ends. A. since B. until C. because ( )10.-- You must make a___________ by yourself and no one will help you. -- But I really don't know how to choose. A. choice B. permission C. difference ( )11.-- Tony, don't speak to___________ when you are outside. --OK, Mum. I'll protect myself. A. guests B. hosts C. strangers ( )12.-- Do you___________ what Jack said? --Yes, I do. He is a boy who never tells a lie. A.believe B. know C. control ( )13.-- It's cruel to let wild animals live in the zoo. --You are right. They like___________ in the wild. A. taking action B. running free C. putting up ( )14.-- Tina hasn't found a job and she___________ all day. --It's hard to find a good job, but I think everything will be fine. A. lies around B. gets up C. does well ( )15.-- Why do you want to keep a dog? --You know dogs are___________ their owners. If I have one, we'11 be like friends. A. faithful to B. worried about C. strict with 二、单句语法填空。 1)It is our ___________ (responsible)to take care of our parents when they are old. 2)Tim, you should learn to make a ___________ (choose) by yourself. 3)The kind lady often offers to help those poor ___________ (strange) on the street. 4)You can learn English by ___________ (read)and writing more. 5)It is not a good idea ___________ (let) your parents live alone when they are old. 6)There are a lot of reasons _________ this. 7)We have to feed them, train them and play __________ them. 8)We must keep them __________ fighting. 9)The nurses care ____________ every patient in the hospital. 10)Dogs are faithful ____________ their owners. 三、句子翻译。 1. 养宠物狗是一个好主意。(keep pet dogs) ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. ……看着它们长大是一件美好的事情。(it’s wonderful to do; grow up) ___________________________________________________________________________ 3.其次，我们可以通过饲养狗来培养责任感。(learn sth. from …) ___________________________________________________________________________ 4.据我妈妈所说，这样做能帮助我们成为更有责任心的人。(according to; help sb. do) ___________________________________________________________________________ 5.少量的宠物狗甚至会攻击人。(a small number of) ___________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 Pets语言知识点 1、 教学目标 1） 掌握八下U6课文和词汇常考语言知识点； 2）能正确运用所学语言知识点完成相应的练习； Lesson 12 Unit 6 Pets语言知识点 模块一 语言知识点讲解 1、 词汇讲解 单词 音标 含义 考点梳理 1. respond [rɪ'spɒnd] v . 【搭】respond to 【变】response n. 2.complaint  [kəm'pleɪnt] n. 【变】 v. 抱怨 3.cause [kɔːz] v. 【同】lead = result 【变】cause n. 4.dolphin ['dɒlfɪn] n. 5.click [klɪk] v. 6.reason ['riːz(ə)n] n. 【变】reasonable adj. 7.cute  [kjuːt] adj. 【同】lovely=attractive 8.responsibility  [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪlətɪ] n. 【变】responsible adj. 【同】duty=obligation 【搭】have the responsibility sth. 有义务做某事 be responsible sth. 对某事负责 9.feed  [fiːd] v. 【变】 （过去式）- （过去分词） 【搭】feed on 10.according to [əˈkɔ:dɪŋ tə] prep. 11.faithfully ['feɪθfʊlɪ] adv. 【变】faithful adj. 【搭】be faithful 对……忠诚的 12.sofa  ['səʊfə] n. 13.noisy ['nɒɪzɪ] adj. 【衍】noise n. ；voice n. sound n. 14.nearly  ['nɪəlɪ] adv. 【同】almost=close to 15.stranger  ['streɪn(d)ʒə] n. 【变】strange adj. 16.common ['kɒmən] adj. 【同】usual=ordinary 17.choice  [tʃɒɪs] n. 【变】 v. 过去式 过去分词 18.lie  [laɪ] v. lie-lay-lain-lying lie-lied-lied-lying 19.attention  [ə'tenʃ(ə)n] n. 【搭】pay attention to sth. 20.scare  [skeə] v. 【搭】 adj. 感到害怕的 adj. 令人害怕的 【同】frighten 21.believe  [bɪ'liːv] v. 【变】belief n. 【同】 信任 【搭】believe 相信；信任 22.heart  [hɑːt] n. 23.heart attack [hɑ:t əˈtæk] n. 24.until  [ən'tɪl] conj. 【同】till 【搭】not..until... 25.care for 26.what’s more 【同】more importantly 27.have no choice but to do sth. 【同】can only=have to do sth. 28.run free 【同】run here and there 29.lie around 【同】sit around 30.keep sb. from doing sth. 【同】 sb. from doing sth.= sb. from sth. 31.be faithful to 32.die of 【辨】die of 一般指由于疾病、情感等内因导致死亡 die from 一般指事故、外伤等外因导致死亡 33.keep on 【同】go on doing; continue doing . 2、 课文回顾 HEAD TO HEAD Is it a good idea to keep pet dogs? Emma and Matt give their opinions on this matter. Keeping pet dogs is a good idea, says Emma. Keeping pet dogs is a good idea. There are lots of 1.___________(reason) for this. First, dogs are really cute. It’s nice 2.______________(hold) them in our arms, and it’s wonderful to see them grow up. Second, we can learn responsibility from keeping dogs. We have to feed them, train them and play 3.________ them. According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people. Young people can learn how 4.___________(care) for others by keeping dogs. A dog will love you 5.___________(faithful) and bring you lots of happiness for many years. So I think it’s a good idea to keep pet dogs. Keeping pet dogs is not a good idea, says Matt. It’s not a good idea to keep pet dogs. Pet dogs leave their hair on the floor, on beds and on sofas, and they need to 6.__________(wash) often. Dogs are noisy. Nearly all dogs bark at strangers. Some dogs bark 7.__________(loudly) than others. A few dogs bark all night. This stops people from getting any sleep. Not all dogs are friendly. 8.______ small number of pet dogs even attack people. What’s more, it’s common for people to live in flats. They have no choice but to keep their dogs in small spaces. 9.__________, dogs need fresh air and large open spaces where they can run free. Finally, 10._____________(own) dogs can be expensive. So keeping pet dogs is not a good idea. 答案 1.reasons 2.to hold 3.with 4.to care 5.faithfully 6.be washed 7.more loudly 8.A 9.However 10.owning 三、语言知识点讲解 要点 1 choice 名词为choice,意为“ ”。 常用于: ①make a choice to do sth. “ ” I made a choice to make a nice card for my mother. ②have no choice but to do sth. “ ” I had no choice but to do as my father told me. 拓展choose (1)作为动词，意为“选择；挑选”。过去式和过去分词为 。常用于以下表达中： ①choose (sb.)to do sth. “ ” Tom chose to stay home watching TV. My teacher chose me to answer his question. ②choose sb.as... “ ” My classmates chose me as their monitor. ③choose sb. sth.=choose sth. for sb. “ ” My mother chose a special present for me on my birthday. =My mother chose me a special present on my birthday. 【典例分析】 1.He chose me a nice present.（同义改写） =He chose a nice present _________ __________. 【答案】for me 2. ① We go to the store to ___________ (挑选) presents for our friends. ② It’s my____________ (choose), not yours. 【答案】① choose 动词 ② choice 名词 3.你必须在我们之间作出选择 You have to ________ _______ ________ between us.。 【答案】make a choice 要点 2： common adj. 【例句】 Such behaviour of the little boy is common to his mother. 【拓展】 (1)commonly adv. This software is commonly used in mobile phones. (2)uncommon adj. Such car accidents are not uncommon on the highway. (3)in common The twins have much in common. 【典例分析】 I have much common with my pen pal. 要点3 by +sth./doing : Most Americans still celebrate this ideas of giving thanks by having a big meal. by：① “ ”，表示位置，=near，beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. ② “ ”,表示方法手段。如： I learn English by listening to the radio. ③ “ ”，用于被动语态。如： The cake is eaten by the boy. 【典例分析】 一、指出下列各句‘by’的用法 1.We live by the forest. 【答案】by介词，在旁边=beside，near 2.I knew him by watching TV. 【答案】by介词“ 通过，用” 3.The accident was caused by drunk driver. 【答案】by “被，由，受” 用于被动语态。 要点4 hold Hold them in our arm.抱着他们 Hold 抓住；握住；拿住 hold的其他含义： Hold 是动词，意为“ ”，常可以用have来替换，过去式和过去分词均为held。 hold a meeting hold a concert hold a sports meeting hold 保持；维持 How long will this fine weather hold? 抓住；握住；拿住 He held the thief by the arm. 容纳；包含 Our classroom can hold more than fifty students. 支撑……的重量 The chair can’t hold your weight. 短语 hold on（电话）别挂断；稍等 【典例分析】 1. The Olympic Games _____every four years. A. are held  B. were hold  C. are holding  D. will hold  【答案】A 【解析】：hold是动词。从本题句意知是一般现在时的被动语态，句意是“奥林匹克运动会每四年被举行一次”故此小题选A。 2、翻译，指出下面Hold在各句的意义。 1）He was holding the baby in his arms. 【答案】他用胳膊抱着婴儿。hold 抓住；握住 2）We hold a sports meeting twice a year in our school. 【答案】我们学校每年举行两次运动会。hold 3）Hold your head up. 【答案】抬起头来。hold up 抬起。 4）I don't think the chair can hold your weight. 【答案】我想这把椅子支撑不住你的重量。Hold 支撑……的重量 5）The plane holds about 300 passengers. 【答案】这架飞机大约容纳300名乘客。Hold 容纳；包含 要点5 the number of/ a number of （1）a number of 意为“ ”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用 形式。number前面可以用large，great，small等修饰，构成a large number of; a small number of等。例如： I have a number of letters to write. A large number of students in our school are from other countries. A small number of students in our class went swimming yesterday. （2）the number of意为“ ”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用 形式。例如： The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English. 【典例分析】 1.The number of people invited to the party________ fifty, but a number of them________ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 【答案】C 【解析】句意：被邀请参加聚会的人数是五十人，但由于种种原因，许多人都缺席了。 考查主谓一致。根据A number of大量、很多；后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式；The number of……的数字/数目；当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。结合“people”，故选C。 2.As we all know, __________ number of people learning Chinese is increasing rapidly. A. a B. an C. the D. \ 【答案】C 【解析】句意：众所周知，学习汉语的人数正在迅速增加。 考查冠词和a number of 和 the number of 的区别和用法。通常将冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三类。不定冠词有a 和 an两种形式，其中 a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an 用于元音音素开头的单词前；而定冠词只有the一种形式；根据空后number of 和“a number of 和 the number of 的区别和用法: 1、the number of意思是“……的数量”,跟复数名词连用作主语时,中心词是number,作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 2、a number of意思是“许多”,相当于 many,修饰可数名词复数。作主语时,谓语动词要用复数，”结合句意可知，此空应填定冠词the，故选C。 3.There _____ a number of books in the library and the number of them _____ increasing. A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are 【答案】C 【解析】主谓一致法。a number of books意为“大量的书”，可知句子的谓语动词用复数；the number of意为“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。故选C 要点6 until until意为“直到……”，有下列用法： （1）作介词，后接时间名词，在句中作时间状语。例如： She waited there until 9 o’clock. （2）作连词，后接从句，引导时间状语从句。例如： We waited until the rain stopped. 【拓展】 until可用于否定句中，即not…until…意为“直到……才” 例如： The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back. 【典例分析】 1. 直到我去找老师帮忙，我才解出这道题。 I ___________ _______ the problem _________ I went to my teacher for help. 【答案】didn’t solve until 2．—Excuse me, is it my turn now? —Not yet. Please wait on the chair ______ your name is called． A．and B．until C．although D．since 【答案】B。考查连词的用法。句意：“请问，现在轮到我了吗？”“还没有。请在椅子上等着，直到叫你的名字。”and意为“和”；until意为“直到……”；until 直到，肯定句主句谓语动词一定要有延续性。Wait是延续的的动词。although意为“虽然”；since意为“自从”。根据句意可知答案为B。 3. I didn’t finish my homework________ 10:30 last night. A. until B. after C. though D. if 【答案】A句意：昨晚直到10:30我才完成家庭作业。本题考查连词。A. until直到 B. after在…后 C. though 尽管D. if假如，not...until...表示“直到……才……”，符合语义，故选A。 模块二 语言知识点巩固练习 一、单项选择。 1. We ______ until he came back. A. left B. not leave C. waited D. wait 【答案】 C .until 直到，用于否定句中表示“直到。。。才”主句谓语动词可用非延续性动词。B否定形式错误，要用didn’t leave。 2. ______ the school rules, everyone should attend school on time. A. According to B. Close to C. Next to D. In front of 【答案】A 【解析】According to 根据。。。。符合题意。 3. They say Amy is a responsible girl who _______ her family and friends. A. asks for B. leaves for C. waits for D. cares for 【答案】D 【解析】A. asks for 请求。。。要求。。。 B. leaves for 前往。。。 C. waits for等待。。。D. cares for关心，照顾。这里用D符合题意和语境。 4. Alex lost the book borrowed from the library, so he had no choice but _______ for it. A. pay B. pays C. paying D. to pay 【答案】D 【解析】have no choice but to do 别无选择。固定搭配。故选D。 5. Write ________, Linda. I can’t read what you wrote on your notebook. A. careful B. carefully C. carefuler D. carefullier 【答案】B 【解析】副词修饰动词。故选B 6. ________ IT companies ________ made new development this year. A. A number of; has B. The number of; has C. The number of; have D. A number of; have 【答案】D 【解析】A number of 大量的，修饰可数名词复数。谓语动词要用复数。The number of 一定数目的。后面谓语动词一般用单数。故答案选D 7.--- Is your pet dog faithful   you? --- Sure. I care   it every day. A. for; with B. to; for C. with; of D. at; after 【答案】B 【解析】考查固定搭配。Be faithful to 对。。。忠诚。 Care for 关心，照顾。 8.Because of water pollution, more than ten people in the village   cancer last year. A. caught of B. died of C. made of D. heard of 【答案】B 【解析】die of 因。。而死。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空,未给提示词的填合适的介词或者连词。 1. The bus driver is ______________ (responsibility)for the passengers’ safety. 2. Don’t worry. There are mountains of ___________ (choose) for you in the big supermarket. 3. Your explanation sounds______________ (reason), therefore, I accept your apology. 4. The Olympic Games are _____(hold ) every four years. 5. My grandmother is ___________ (near) one hundred years old now. 6. Jim’s brother is __________ (lie) in bed, reading a storybook. 7. The cake was eaten _______ that little boy. 8. These two events have nothing in ____________ (commonly). 9. The number of people speaking Chinese _________(be) larger than that of those speaking English. 10. Everyone has to keep on ___________ (stay) here until the teacher gives us permission to leave. 11. We waited ______ the rain stopped. 【答案】1.responsible 2.choices 3.reasonable 4.held 5.nearly 6.lying 7.by 8.common 9.is 10.staying 11.until 三、完成句子 1. 他在母亲生病住院时照顾她。 He _________ _________ his mother when she was in hospital. 2. 吸烟污染空气。更重要的是，它有害健康。 Smoking pollutes the air. ___________ _________, it is bad for health. 3. 除了等待，他们别无选择。 They ________ ________ _________ ________ ______ wait. 4. 宠物允许在这一区域自由走动。 Pets are allowed to _________ _________ in this area. 5. 孩子们正在快乐玩耍。 The kids _______ _________ _________. 6.政府应阻止人们向河流排放污水。 The government should ________people _________ ________ dirty water into rivers . 7.从这本书当中我们可以学到责任。 We can __________ responsibility ___________ the book . 8.听到你腿受伤的消息我很遗憾 。 I’m _______ __________ ___________ that you hurt your leg . 9. 那时候，他一直待在这无所事事 He __________ __________ here all the time then. 10.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。 I ________ him _________in the garden yesterday. 【答案】1.cared for/looked after 2. What’s more 3.have no choice but to 4.run free 5.are playing happily 6.stop from pouring 7.learn from 8.sorry to hear 9.lies around 10.saw work 模块三 题型训练 完形填空 (A) Do you believe a dog can buy newspaper for his host? Jack and his friend believe it. Jack lives in a small town. He works in a zoo. His job is to ____1____ animals. He likes it very much. He also keeps a ____2____ himself. When he has ____3____, he always plays games with his dog. He is ____4____ but he always saves some money to buy some delicious food for his dog. In order to save money, Jack only eats ____5____ for meals. One day, Jack’s friend came and visited Jack. At dinner time, Jack’s friend took Jack to a restaurant in the city for dinner and Jack took his dog with him. At the restaurant, when they were ____6____, Jack threw some meat to it. His friend felt strange and ____7____ Jack why he did this. Jack replied that his dog was ____8____ and it could even ____9____ newspaper if his friend gave it some money. His friend wanted to see whether it was true and gave ten dollars to the dog. The dog went away ____10____, but it never came back. 1．A．care for B．look for C．look at D．put out 2．A．cat B．dog C．mouse D．fish 3．A．money B．food C．joy D．time 4．A．rich B．poor C．ill D．fat 5．A．meat B．milk C．fish D．bread 6．A．singing B．running C．eating D．sleeping 7．A．asked B．smelt C．answered D．said 8．A．clever B．foolish C．fast D．serious 9．A．sell B．write C．buy D．eat 10．A．quickly B．slowly C．sadly D．angrily (B) A few months ago, Kim found there was something wrong with her dog—Jake. His eyes had stopped producing tears (眼泪), and it was clear he was in a lot of ____1____. Kim took him to the doctor’s, and the doctor advised to have his eyeballs removed. “I finally made a difficult decision and ____2____ the doctor to make him more comfortable,” Kim explained. When Jake came back home, he ____3____ to be afraid to climb stairs for the first time. However, something ____4____ took place. Addie, his dog sister and partner, realized his problem and decided to help. “She came down the stairs, stood next to him and then walked back up as if to show him the ____5____,” Kim said. “I was totally moved by Addie. She was such a good partner. I watched ____6____, hoping Addie’s plan would work, and it did.” Kim tied a bell around Addie’s neck ____7____ it could help Jake find Addie more easily. Addie continued to ____8____ Jake while he got used to his new condition (状况). Now Jake doesn’t need Addie to ____9____ the bell anymore. He’s able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily. But whenever Jake and Addie visit some ____10____ places, Addie works as a guide dog again. What a good dog sister and partner! 1．A．fun B．pain C．courage D．surprise 2．A．played with B．fought with C．agreed with D．worked with 3．A．appeared B．wanted C．hoped D．decided 4．A．simple B．amazing C．terrible D．serious 5．A．size B．shape C．time D．way 6．A．nervously B．correctly C．quickly D．suddenly 7．A．until B．when C．if D．because 8．A．care for B．look for C．pay for D．ask for 9．A．record B．wear C．buy D．hear 10．A．old B．bright C．new D．dark 【答案】 31．A    32．B    33．D    34．B    35．D    36．C    37．A    38．A    39．C    40．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了Jack认为狗会他买报纸，于是他的朋友给钱给这个狗，结果狗跑掉了的故事。 31．句意：他的工作是照顾动物。 care for照顾；look for寻找；look at看；put out扑灭。根据“He works in a zoo.”可知，是照顾动物，故选A。 32．句意：他自己也养了一只狗。 cat猫；dog狗；mouse老鼠；fish鱼。根据“he always plays games with his dog”可知，他养了一只狗，故选B。 33．句意：当他有时间的时候，他总是和他的狗玩游戏。 money钱；food食物；joy快乐；time时间。根据“he always plays games with his dog”可知，有时间就和狗一起玩，故选D。 34．句意：他很穷，但他总是存一些钱给他的狗买一些美味的食物。 rich富有的；poor贫穷的；ill生病的；fat胖的。根据“but he always saves some money to buy some delicious food for his dog.”可知，省钱买食物，说明不富有，故选B。 35．句意：为了省钱，杰克正餐只吃面包。 meat肉；milk牛奶；fish鱼；bread面包。根据“In order to save money”可知，为了省钱，杰克正餐只吃面包，故选D。 36．句意：在餐馆里，当他们正在吃饭时，杰克扔了一些肉给它。 singing唱歌；running跑步；eating吃饭；sleeping睡觉。根据“At the restaurant”可知，在餐馆是在吃饭。故选C。 37．句意：他的朋友觉得很奇怪，就问杰克为什么要这样做。 asked问；smelt闻；answered回答；said说。根据“Jack why he did this”可知，询问杰克为什么要这样做，故选A。 38．句意：杰克回答说，他的狗很聪明，如果他的朋友给它一些钱，它甚至可以买报纸。 clever聪明的；foolish愚蠢的；fast快的；serious严肃的。根据“Do you believe a dog can buy newspaper for his host?”可知，杰克认为他的狗很聪明，故选A。 39．句意：杰克回答说，他的狗很聪明，如果他的朋友给它一些钱，它甚至可以买报纸。 sell卖；write写；buy买；eat吃。根据“Do you believe a dog can buy newspaper for his host?”可知，狗可以买报纸，故选C。 40．句意：狗很快就走了，但它再也没有回来。 quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地；sadly悲伤地；angrily生气地。根据“went away”可知，狗快速地跑开了，故选A。 41．B    42．C    43．A    44．B    45．D    46．A    47．D    48．A    49．B    50．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了Kim的爱犬Jake因病移除眼球后便看不见了，Jake的姐姐兼伙伴Addie充当他的“导盲犬”的故事。 41．句意：他的眼睛已经不再流泪了，很明显他很痛苦。 fun乐趣；pain痛苦；courage勇气；surprise惊喜。根据“His eyes had stopped producing tears…”可知，Jake的眼睛不再流眼泪，由此可知他应是生病了，结合选项可知，生病的他应是痛苦的。故选B。 42．句意：我最终做出了一个艰难的决定，同意医生的意见，让他舒服一些。 played with和……玩；fought with与……争斗；agreed with同意；worked with和……一起工作。根据上文“…and the doctor advised to have his eyeballs removed…to make him more comfortable,”可知，为了让Jake舒服一些，主人Kim同意医生移除Jake的眼球的建议。故选C。 43．句意：当Jake回到家后，他第一次爬楼梯时显得很害怕。 appeared显得；wanted想要；hoped希望；decided决定。根据第一段可知，Jake移除了眼球，也就是说他以后都看不见东西了，所以当他回家后第一次爬楼梯时会显得很害怕。故选A。 44．句意：然而，令人惊奇的事情发生了。 simple简单的；amazing令人惊奇的；terrible糟糕的；serious严重的。根据下文“Addie, his dog sister and partner, realized his problem and decided to help.”可知，Jake的伙伴Addie意识到了他的问题并决定帮助失明的他，这是令人惊奇的事情。故选B。 45．句意：她走下楼梯，站在他旁边，然后又走回来，好像要给他指路。 size大小；shape形状；time时间；way路。根据第一段可知，Jake移除眼球后便看不见东西了，所以Addie应是帮失明的Jake指路。故选D。 46．句意：我紧张地看着，希望Addie的计划能成功，结果成功了。 nervously紧张不安地；correctly正确地；quickly快速地；suddenly突然。根据“I watched...hoping Addie’s plan would work…”可知，主人Kim看着Addie领Jake走路时希望Addie这样的做法能成功，由此可知Kim此时并不知道Addie的做法能否奏效，所以他应是紧张地看着它们。故选A。 47．句意：Kim在Addie的脖子上系了一个铃铛，因为它可以帮助Jake更容易找到Addie。 until直到；when当……时；if如果；because因为。分析句子可知，“it could help Jake find Addie more easily.”是“Kim tied a bell around Addie’s neck”的原因，由此可知此空前后两句是因果关系，且后句为原因，所以此空应填because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 48．句意：Addie继续照顾Jake，让他适应他的新情况。 care for照料；look for寻找；pay for支付；ask for请求。根据第一段可知，Jake移除眼球后就看不见了，结合选项可知，Addie应是要继续照顾他以便他能适应新情况。故选A。 49．句意：现在Jake不需要Addie再戴铃铛了。 record记录；wear戴；buy买；hear听见。根据第三段“Kim tied a bell around Addie’s neck because it could help Jake find Addie more easily.”和下文“He’s able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily.”可知，之前Kim在Addie的脖子上系一个铃铛是为了方便Jake找到Addie，现在Jake能在熟悉的地方单独走动了，所以Addie便不需要再戴铃铛了。故选B。 50．句意：但每当Jake和Addie参观一些新的地方，Addie又当导盲犬了。 old旧的；bright明亮的；new新的；dark黑暗的。根据上文“He’s able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily.”和选项可知，现在Jake只能在他熟悉的地方走动，由此可知当Addie又要当导盲犬是因为他们要去一些之前没去过的新地方。故选C。 模块四 课后作业（15分钟） 1、 选择题。 1. 词汇测试。 i．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以替换划线部分的最佳选项。 ( )1.-- It's a cute cat, right? --Yes, almost everyone likes it. A.hardly B. nearly C. probably ( )2.-- What about your report? Has your teacher passed it? --I handed it in last week but he hasn't responded. A.replied B. returned C. left ( )3.-- Do you know what caused the accident? --Because of the driver's careless driving. A. took away B. put down C. led to ( )4.-- Look! Visitors are not allowed to feed animals in the zoo. --Sorry, I won't. A. provide food for B. give money to C. find time for ( )5.-- Now more and more old people live alone. --So it's common to see that they keep dogs as their friends. A.ordinary B. important C. convenient ( )6.-- I advised he should have a rest just now, but he kept on working. --Maybe he wanted to finish the work as soon as possible. A. remembered B. continued C. forgot ( )7.-- Would you like to keep a pet? --Yes, but I'm afraid I don't have time to care for it because I'm too busy. A. look at B. worry about C. take care of ( )8.-- It's time to keep Tony from playing computer games. --I agree. However, I think it's not easy to do that. A. stop ... from B. compare ... with C. take ... out of ii．从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )9.-- Why has Lisa not come back yet? --She went to a party so she won't come back ________ it ends. A. since B. until C. because ( )10.-- You must make a___________ by yourself and no one will help you. -- But I really don't know how to choose. A. choice B. permission C. difference ( )11.-- Tony, don't speak to___________ when you are outside. --OK, Mum. I'll protect myself. A. guests B. hosts C. strangers ( )12.-- Do you___________ what Jack said? --Yes, I do. He is a boy who never tells a lie. A.believe B. know C. control ( )13.-- It's cruel to let wild animals live in the zoo. --You are right. They like___________ in the wild. A. taking action B. running free C. putting up ( )14.-- Tina hasn't found a job and she___________ all day. --It's hard to find a good job, but I think everything will be fine. A. lies around B. gets up C. does well ( )15.-- Why do you want to keep a dog? --You know dogs are___________ their owners. If I have one, we'11 be like friends. A. faithful to B. worried about C. strict with 答案：BACAA BCABA CABAA 二、单句语法填空。 1)It is our ___________ (responsible)to take care of our parents when they are old. 2)Tim, you should learn to make a ___________ (choose) by yourself. 3)The kind lady often offers to help those poor ___________ (strange) on the street. 4)You can learn English by ___________ (read)and writing more. 5)It is not a good idea ___________ (let) your parents live alone when they are old. 6)There are a lot of reasons _________ this. 7)We have to feed them, train them and play __________ them. 8)We must keep them __________ fighting. 9)The nurses care ____________ every patient in the hospital. 10)Dogs are faithful ____________ their owners. 答案：responsibility；choice； strangers; reading; to let; for; with; from; for; to 三、课文阅读课文翻译。 1. 养宠物狗是一个好主意。(keep pet dogs) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Keeping pet dogs is a good idea. 2. ……看着它们长大是一件美好的事情。(it’s wonderful to do; grow up) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】… it’s wonderful to see them grow up. 3.其次，我们可以通过饲养狗来培养责任感。(learn sth. from …) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Second, we can learn responsibility from keeping dogs. 4.据我妈妈所说，这样做能帮助我们成为更有责任心的人。(according to; help sb. do) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】According to my mum, this helps us become more responsible people. 5.少量的宠物狗甚至会攻击人。(a small number of) ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A small number of pet dogs even attack people. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$