内容正文:
Unit6 副词 语法笔记
1.副词的用法
副词主要用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词及句子,表示时间、地点、程度、方式及态度等。如:
He does his work very carefully.他工作非常仔细。
2.副词的构成
许多副词是由形容词转化而来的,具体变化如下:
(1)直接在形容词词尾加-ly。如:slow→ slowly ;careful→carefully
(2)以y结尾的形容词,把y变为i,再加-ly.如:easy→easily;heavy→heavily
(3)以le结尾的形容词,去e加-y。如: simple→simply;possible→possibly
(4)以1l结尾的形容词,直接加-y。如:full→fully
(5)英语中有少数词形容词与副词同形的,如:hard,fast, late, early, near, straight, high 等。
3.副词的位置
多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。如:
I get up early in the morning everyday.我每天都很早起床。
[注意](1)大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。如:
All this morning Liu Ying has been writing carefully some English letters to her teachers.整个上午刘英一直在认真地给她的老师写一些英语信。
(2)方式副词well, badly , hard等只放在句尾。如:
He speaks English well.他英语说得好。
4.副词比较等级的构成
(1)单音节的副词,在词尾加-er或-est.如:hard→harder→(the) hardest ;fast→faster
→fastest (2)多音节的副词,在词前加more或(the)
most。如:quickly→more; quickly→(the) most
quickly
(3) 不规则构成,如:
badly→worse→worst;
little→less→least ;
well→better→best
【注意]在副词的最高级前可以省略定冠词 the。如:
Tom runs (the) fastest in his school.汤姆在学校是跑得最快的。
5.兼有两种形式的副词
(1)close与closely
close 意思是“近”; closely 意思是“仔细地”。如:
He is sitting close to me.他坐得离我很近 Watch him closely.看紧他!(2)late与 lately
late 意思是“晚”;lately 意思是“最近”。如; You have come too late.你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately?你最近过得怎样?
(3)deep与 deeply
deep 意思是“深”,表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。如:
He pushed the stick deep into the mud. 他n把棍子深深地插进泥土里。
Even father was deeply moved by the film.甚至是爸爸都被那部电影感动了。
(4)high与highly
high 表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。如:
The plane was flying high.飞机飞得很高, I think highly of your opinion.我高度赞扬你的观点。
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