Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元测试-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 3 Diverse Cultures单元测试 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共30分，略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Pizza: the World’s Favorite Food Food, and the way we eat it, is always changing. As society develops, we learn of growing, processing, and cooking food. What we ate 200 years ago was very different from what we eat today. Also, when people travel to live in other countries, they take their knowledge of cooking with them. And food must fit modern lifestyles and local tastes (口味), too. One food that has done this successfully is the pizza. The pizza we recognize today first appeared in Italy in 1889. A famous baker from Naples made a special pizza for the Italian royal (王室的) family. He was very worried they wouldn’t like it but they did. Queen Margherita loved the dish so much, and the baker named it after her. Since then, this simple meal of bread, cheese, and tomato has traveled the world, and it has adapted to local cultures. The pizza began its journey in the 1890s, when many Italians moved to New York in search of a better life. There they continued to make pizzas, and the first pizzeria opened in 1905. At first it was only popular with Italians, but by the late 1940s, Americans discovered a taste for it. Today, they spend ＄37 billion a year on pizzas. That’s more than ＄100 per American! The pizza continued its travels around the world, adapting all the time. In Sweden, for example, it is usual to have bananas on pizzas. In Belgium, people eat chocolate pizzas with marshmallows (棉花糖) on top. Japan is a nation of seafood lovers, so not surprisingly, they love octopus and squid, as well as roasted seaweed, toppings. Australians sometimes choose kangaroo or crocodile on their pizza. The popularity of the pizza is also related to our changing lifestyles. In today’s super-fast society, people often don’t have the time or energy to cook. So, they order takeout — and very often, it’s a pizza. Sometimes you don’t even have to pick it up; it’s delivered to your home. If you don’t even have time to sit down, buy a single slice and eat it standing up! The pizza has come a long way. From its beginnings in an Italian city, it has grown to become one of the world’s favorite foods. 1．The pizza first appeared as ________. A．a dish for the royal family B．a fast food for travelers C．a homemade white bread D．a popular local food 2．In which country do people love pizzas with bananas on top? A．Japan. B．Belgium. C．Sweden. D．Australia. 3．The passage mainly tells us ________. A．who made the first pizza B．how the pizza gets popular C．how the pizza is made D．where the pizza came from B The Chinese new year begins on 22 January 2023 and lasts until 9 February 2024. While most of Asia celebrates the year of the rabbit, Vietnam celebrates the year of the cat. In the Chinese zodiac, there are 12 animals, and the 4th animal is the rabbit; while in the Vietnamese (越南人) zodiac (十二生肖), the 4th position is occupied by the cat. How the cat substituted for the rabbit in Vietnam’s zodiacis still the subject of debate. Ancient storytellers said the Jade Emperor organized a race across a river for all the animals in the world.The first 12 to reach the other side would appear in the zodiac. In the Chinese version of the story, the cat and the rat were riding across a river on an ox (牛) when the rat pushed the cat into the water. The rat won the race, turning the two animals into enemies. That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since. However, in the Vietnamese version — which did not have a rabbit — the cat could swim and ended up arriving. One possible explanation for replacing rabbit with cat might have to do with language. In old Chinese, there is a word tied to the sign of the rabbit that is pronounced mao (卯). The pronunciation is similar to mèo, the Vietnamese word for cat. Quyen Di, a lecturer at UCLA, said the custom has to do with the landscape of Vietnam. “Originally, the Chinese lived in the savanna (稀树草原)area, while the Vietnamese lived in the lowland area. The people of the savanna prefer a nomadic (游牧的) life, close to the wilderness, and they chose the rabbit as an animal that lived in the wild fields. In contrast (对比), the lowland people of Vietnam consider rabbits as animals that are used for food and chose the cat because they believe cats are friends living in their house.” This year, many Vietnamese are buying new cat-themed cases for their mobile phones. And one of the top Google searches in Vietnam is “why there is no cat in the Chinese zodiac”. 4．The underlined words “substituted for” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by _____. A．took charge of B．fought for C．took the place of D．depended on 5．What can we learn from the Vietnamese zodiac story? A．The Jade Emperor showed favor to the cat. B．The rabbit fell into the river in the zodiac race. C．The rat and the rabbit were enemies in ancient times. D．The cat finished fourth by swimming across the river. 6．What made the Vietnamese choose the cat according to Quyen Di? A．Their living environment. B．Their language pronunciation. C．Their lifestyle of raising cats as pets. D．Their custom of hunting rabbits for food. 7．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain the history of the Chinese zodiac. B．To show ways of celebrating the year of the rabbit. C．To state the popularity of Chinese traditional culture. D．To introduce the origin of the year of the cat in Vietnam. C Fifty years ago, not only the archaeological community but also ordinary people were surprised at the excavation (发掘) of the Mawangdui Han Tombs. A new revision of the book Mawangdui Bamboo Slips and Silk Books was published (出版) this year to celebrate this big event. Mawangdui Han site, recognized as one of the greatest findings of the 20th century, has produced a number of cultural relics and a“library” of Han Dynasty texts preserved on silk. The first discovery of the tombs took place between 1972 and 1974, resulting in the discovery of 26,937 cultural relics. These include the remains of Lady Xin Zhui, and bamboo and silk books. The silk books, which have 1,430 items (物品) in all, include over 130,000 characters and cover more than 50 classics on different topics such as politics, medicine, literature, etc., including “I Ching” and “Tao Te Ching.” Mawangdui Bamboo Slips and Silk Books was first published in June 2014 by the Hunan Museum and Fudan University. The newly-revised book, which came out after four years of revision, offers a great all-round and really good explanation of the texts in the silk books. The repair and research process has been challenging because of the weak nature of the silk pieces, which had to be carefully divided and explained. The silk books provide valuable insights (了解) into the thoughts and knowledge of the Han Dynasty, with some classics being new to modern research. The revised book includes over 1,000 revisions and new contents, the rewriting of several classics, and description of newly uncovered silk pieces. This version has made changes to more than 60 silk items from the old one and added about 230 new silk items. The colors have been improved to make the texts and designs show up better. The research on Mawangdui is still in process, with the expectation that it will continue to grow in importance, contributing to the understanding of traditional Chinese culture and the description of China’s historical stories. 8．Why are the Mawangdui Han Tombs important? A．They include the only known silk books. B．They are the largest tombs of the Han Dynasty. C．They are the oldest discovered tombs in China. D．They provide insights into the culture of the Han Dynasty. 9．What’s the main difficulty in protecting the silk books? A．Reading old writings. B．Dealing with the soft and easily broken silk. C．Not having enough related guide books. D．Finding out hard-to-understand ideas. 10．What does the revised part of Mawangdui Bamboo Slips and Silk Books include? A．Introduction of newly discovered silk pieces. B．The historical value of cultural relics. C．A summary of the Han Dynasty. D．New excavation skills. 11．Where is this text most likely taken from? A．A travel journal. B．A book review. C．A cultural report. D．A research paper. D Adaptation and innovation (创新) of traditional opera is an important trend in Chinese opera circle in recent years. In order to attract young audience of new generation and catch up with the time, traditional opera circle makes efforts to create new works. In recent years, traditional opera has come across the change of time and society. It gradually lost the main elderly audience and was not attractive for the young. In order to find new opportunities, using modern sound, light and digital stage effects, China’s traditional Peking Opera, also known as jingju, is appealing to young people in a fashionable and innovative way, as the classic art faces an aging audience. The centuries-old Tianleyuan Theater in Beijing has introduced fashionable performances of Peking Opera. The opera combines instrumental music, vocal performance, mime (哑剧表演), dance and acrobatics (杂技). Tianleyuan has a jingju art experience section and fashionable performances. It has attracted more than 2,000 audience members, mostly young people, according to theater staff. “Good art should keep pace with the times, so does jingju,” said Zhang Zishang, a 22-year-old performer of The Drunken Beauty, one of the classic jingju plays performed in the theater. “I feel today’s performance is very special,” Zhang added. She was born into a family of jingju performers and has had 10 years of stage experience. “Innovation is good, but we must also carry on the basic elements of jingju,” another young performer Deng said. According to Deng, innovation is perhaps the best way for jingju to deal with the problem of an aging audience. It has made successful attempts to combine jingju with local opera forms such as ballet when organizing performances abroad. “Innovation can help traditional arts go further. We are happy to see many young faces, and some of them even come twice to experience the ‘new’ art,” she added. 12．Why is adaptation and innovation of traditional opera important? A．To run after fashion. B．To attract the young audience. C．To improve digital stage effect. D．To change the traditional opera circle. 13．Which of the following can best describe Tianleyuan Theater? A．A destroyer of Peking Opera. B．An objector of modern opera. C．A pioneer of innovative opera. D．A defender of traditional opera. 14．What’s Deng’s attitude to the innovation of jingju? A．Worthless. B．Objective. C．Favourable. D．Indifferent. 15．Which one can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Traditional Opera Is Dying Out B．The Future of the Traditional Opera Is Promising C．The Performers of the Traditional Opera Are Supporting Jingju D．Traditional Opera Circle Is Innovating to Attract Young Audience 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Imagine a future where we can eat meat, but no animals have been killed in the process. 16% of the UK population enjoy a meat-free diet, according to statistics website Finder.com. It seems there is an appeal in lab-grown meat as an alternative to traditional meat consumption. 16 Why? One of the biggest reasons is cost. The first ever lab-grown hamburger was shown in 2013 by Dutch scientist Mark Post. It was created from beef cells and cost more than $300,000. Lab-grown meat production stretches from thousands to hundreds of thousands of US dollars per ounce — that’s the weight of about two chicken nuggets (炸鸡块). 17 They “feed” the cells a combination of sugar, proteins and other nutrients are added to the cells. In 2023, US-based company Upside Foods received approval from the US Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration to start selling lab-grown meat. 18 So they can price it fairly compared to traditional meat. An investor in Upside Food, Lisa Feria, told Forbes magazine “Profitability is very much years off because the biggest challenge ahead of them is whether we can make it at millions of tons a year and eventurally compete with conventional meat”. 19 A 2023 study by the University of California found that the process of producing lab-grown meat could have a 4 to 25 times higher impact on global warming than beef, which is generally the highest-polluting meat. This is mostly because of the emissions (排放) needed to create “feed”. So, it seems unlikely that we’ll be eating lab-grown meat just yet. 20 A．There are also environmental costs. B．Or maybe we possibly never will eat it. C．Another reason is the traditional concept. D．This expense is partly due to the cost of raw materials. E．Besides, more and more people expect to buy lab-grown meat. F．But, despite years of expectation, this futuristic food is still not on our plates. G．In order to do this, the company has had to take on significant economic losses. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Administrators of the Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, are trying to balance tourists’ exploration of the site with the need to preserve the murals (壁画), through creative measures. Sandstorms, rainfall and tourist visits are considered the most severe 21 to the UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since the Mogao Caves opened to the public in 1979, the number of visitors has been 22 at an average annual rate of around 20 percent, reaching 2.15 million in 2019. If you enter the caves during the 23 tourism months of July, August and September, you’ll find it hard to breathe. The carbon dioxide and moisture (潮气) breathed out by visitors increase inside the caves and cause damage to the murals. To preserve the caves, the duration of visits is 24 and sometimes stopped during rain or dust storms. To ensure visitors aren’t 25 when restrictions (限制) are in place, the center provides a digital exhibition. The Dunhuang Academy began 26 recording and storing images of murals and painted sculptures over 30 years ago. The digitization project has successfully 27 more than 200 caves, with a team of 110 experts undertaking the work. Digital technology not only serves cultural tourism but also 28 a historical record for future generations. Digitization also brings the wonders of the Mogao Caves to a 29   audience. In 2016, the Digital Dunhuang went live, 30 high-definition images and 31 tours of the most beautiful 30 caves. Currently, visitors from 78 countries have 32 the murals, totaling over 16.8 million visits. Dunhuang can 33 diverse (多样的) cultural exchanges through its cultural relics. By digitizing these relics, we 34 people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture, thereby gaining a deeper appreciation for China’s 35 to diverse cultural exchanges. 21．A．promotions B．protests C．contributions D．threats 22．A．doubling B．growing C．continuing D．varying 23．A．cultural B．previous C．peak D．likely 24．A．limited B．established C．conducted D．investigated 25．A．confused B．amazed C．scared D．disappointed 26．A．generally B．digitally C．carefully D．directly 27．A．identified B．quoted C．covered D．revised 28．A．comes across B．turns to C．leaves behind D．lets alone 29．A．global B．professional C．technological D．different 30．A．sharing B．regarding C．appreciating D．demanding 31．A．virtual B．specific C．equal D．steady 32．A．described B．accessed C．praised D．purchased 33．A．reject B．provide C．adjust D．adopt 34．A．ensure B．enrich C．endanger D．enable 35．A．application B．attention C．relation D．contribution 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In some countries of West Yunnan Province, there exists a kind of “cat” 36 (call) Tile Cat (瓦猫), which refers 37 the cat-like decoration (装饰) made from tiles placed in that the middle of the home’s ridge (脊). It is said that it can drive bad luck 38 can protect the whole family. Once a new house is finished, a ceremony is required 39 (inspire) the “power" of the Tile Cat before it is put on the home’s ridge. 40 (general) falling during the second or eighth month of the Chinese Lunar calendar, a lucky day is chosen and a person is invited to perform the ceremony. During this time, the person organizes a series of sacrificial (用于祭献的) 41 (activity). Later on, the Tile Cat is passed around and touched by the whole family, 42 stand and see the whole process while the roof is being covered with tiles, until the Tile Cat 43 (place) firmly and forever in the middle of the home’s ridge. From there on out, no matter how the weather is, the Tile Cat will guard the house on the high ridge, making the family feel 44 (thank). As a spiritual support for the people there, the Tile Cat shows the constant wish for 45 (survive), safety and a happy life. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Alex来信向你询问在中国如何感受和理解“幸福”这一概念。请给他写一封回信，内容包括： （1）你对“幸福”的个人理解； （2）让你感受到幸福的活动或经历。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alex, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I applied for a job with a Chinese-Canadian company in Vancouver. As you know, the Chinese are famous for their food. They cook delicious food and obtain a simple pleasure from eating. So, I was not surprised when my new boss invited me out to lunch to celebrate my new job. He said we were going to eat in a Chinese restaurant in Chinatown. I was nervous. I knew we would be using chopsticks, and while I had tried many times to master the technique, I had completely failed in every attempt. How would I be able to make a good impression? Would I make a complete fool of myself? That evening, I called a friend and asked her to explain exactly how to use chopsticks. She patiently explained the proper way of holding them between the thumb, first and middle fingers.“ It is not that hard,” she said. “That is easy for you to say,” I replied. “You’ve been eating with chopsticks all your life. It is natural for you!” I didn’t get much sleep that evening. I kept turning around in bed all night, worrying about lunch the next day. The next day, I could hardly contain my anxiety. It was difficult to get any work done in the morning. At noon, I left with my boss and two co-workers and headed to the restaurant. We were seated at an excellent table. My boss wrote out the food order, speaking to the server in Chinese. My heart was pounding, but then I noticed a strange thing. Instead of the customary chopsticks, each of us had knives, forks, and spoons. I was confused at first, but then, it hit me. My boss knew that I would have trouble with the chopsticks. He wanted to save me from embarrassment, so he had called ahead and arranged for us to be served with knives and forks. I couldn’t believe how kind and helpful he was. 注意：(1) 续写词数应为150个左右；(2) 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Instantly, I made up my mind and asked the server to bring me a pair of chopsticks. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the end, I wasn’t embarrassed at all. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《高一人教必修三unit3单元测试》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A C B C D A D D B A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C B C C D F D G A B 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 D B C A D B C C A A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 A B B D D 1．A 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了披萨是如何流行起来的。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The pizza we recognize today first appeared in Italy in 1889. A famous baker from Naples made a special pizza for the Italian royal (王室的) family.(我们今天所认识的披萨最早出现在1889年的意大利。一位来自那不勒斯的著名面包师为意大利王室制作了一款特别的披萨)”可知，披萨最初是作为皇室的一道菜肴出现的。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In Sweden, for example, it is usual to have bananas on pizzas.(例如，在瑞典，披萨上通常会放香蕉)”可知，瑞典人通常会在披萨上放香蕉，即喜欢上面放香蕉的披萨。故选C项。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章标题“Pizza: the World’s Favorite Food(披萨：世界上最受欢迎的食物)”可知，本文主要介绍的是披萨是如何流行起来的。故选B项。 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中越两国生肖文化中兔子与猫的不同地位及其背后的故事与解释。 4．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“While most of Asia celebrates the year of the rabbit, Vietnam celebrates the year of the cat. In the Chinese zodiac, there are 12 animals, and the 4th animal is the rabbit; while in the Vietnamese (越南人) zodiac (十二生肖), the 4th position is occupied by the cat. How the cat substituted for the rabbit in Vietnam’s zodiacis still the subject of debate. (虽然亚洲大部分地区都在庆祝兔年，但越南却在庆祝猫年。在中国的十二生肖里有12种动物，第4种动物是兔子；而在越南人的十二生肖里，第4个位置被猫占据。猫是如何substituted for兔子成为越南十二生肖中的成员至今仍存在争议)”可知，substituted for意为“取代”。A. took charge of负责；B. fought for为……而战；C. took the place of取代；D. depended on依靠。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the Chinese version of the story, the cat and the rat were riding across a river on an ox (牛) when the rat pushed the cat into the water. The rat won the race, turning the two animals into enemies. That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since. However, in the Vietnamese version — which did not have a rabbit — the cat could swim and ended up arriving. (在中国版本的故事中，猫和老鼠骑在一头牛上渡河，期间老鼠把猫推下了水。老鼠赢得了比赛，使得这两种动物变成了敌人。这就是为什么从那时起猫就一直在追捕老鼠。然而，在越南的版本中——其中并没有兔子——猫会游泳，并最终到达终点)”可知，在越南十二生肖的故事中，猫是通过游泳到达对岸，最终取得了第四名的位置。故选D。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Quyen Di, a lecturer at UCLA, said the custom has to do with the landscape of Vietnam. “Originally, the Chinese lived in the savanna area, while the Vietnamese lived in the lowland area. The people of the savanna prefer a nomadic life, close to the wilderness, and they chose the rabbit as an animal that lived in the wild fields. In contrast, the lowland people of Vietnam consider rabbits as animals that are used for food and chose the cat because they believe cats are friends living in their house.” (加州大学洛杉矶分校的讲师Quyen Di表示，这个习俗与越南的地形有关。“最初，中国人居住在草原地区，而越南人则居住在低地地区。草原上的人们更喜欢游牧生活，接近荒野，他们选择兔子作为生活在野外的动物。相比之下，越南的低地居民认为兔子是用于食用的动物，并选择了猫，因为他们相信猫是居住在家中的朋友。”)”可知，越南人选择猫是因为他们的生活环境。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While most of Asia celebrates the year of the rabbit, Vietnam celebrates the year of the cat. In the Chinese zodiac, there are 12 animals, and the 4th animal is the rabbit; while in the Vietnamese zodiac, the 4th position is occupied by the cat. How the cat substituted for the rabbit in Vietnam’s zodiac is still the subject of debate. (虽然亚洲大部分地区都在庆祝兔年，但越南却在庆祝猫年。在中国十二生肖中，有12种动物，第四种是兔子；而在越南十二生肖中，第四个位置被猫占据。关于越南十二生肖中猫是如何取代兔子的，目前仍有争议)”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了越南十二生肖中猫年取代兔年的原因，故本文的主要目的是介绍越南猫年的起源。故选D。 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 【导语】本文是一新闻报道。主要说明了为庆祝马王堆汉墓发掘50周年，修订版《马王堆汉墓简帛集成》发布。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段“The silk books provide valuable insights (了解) into the thoughts and knowledge of the Han Dynasty, with some classics being new to modern research.(帛书为汉代的思想和知识提供了宝贵的见解，其中一些经典对现代研究来说是新的)”可知，这些帛书重要是因为对研究汉代的思想和知识提供了宝贵的见解。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段“The repair and research process has been challenging because of the weak nature of the silk pieces, which had to be carefully divided and explained.(修复和研究过程一直具有挑战性，因为丝绸碎片的脆弱性质，必须仔细划分和解释)”可推知，这些丝绸片非常脆弱，需要被仔细地处理，因为它们很容易损坏。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The revised book includes over 1,000 revisions and new contents, the rewriting of several classics, and description of newly uncovered silk pieces.(修订后的书包括1000多个修订和新内容，重写了几部经典，并描述了新发现的丝绸碎片)”可知，《马王堆汉墓简帛集成》修订本包括介绍新发现的丝绸碎片。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“A new revision of the book Mawangdui Bamboo Slips and Silk Books was published (出版) this year to celebrate this big event. Mawangdui Han site, recognized as one of the greatest findings of the 20th century, has produced a number of cultural relics and a “library” of Han Dynasty texts preserved on silk.(今年出版了《马王堆汉墓简帛集成》的新修订版，以庆祝这一重大事件。马王堆汉代遗址，被公认为20世纪最伟大的发现之一，产生了大量的文物和一个保存在丝绸上的汉代文献“图书馆”)”以及文章主要说明了为庆祝马王堆汉墓发掘50周年，修订版《马王堆汉墓简帛集成》发布，文章最有可能来自文化报告。故选C。 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了传统戏曲界在进行创新尝试，以顺应时代潮流，吸引年轻观众。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Adaptation and innovation (创新) of traditional opera is an important trend in Chinese opera circle in recent years. In order to attract young audience of new generation and catch up with the time, traditional opera circle makes efforts to create new works. (对传统戏曲的改编和创新是近年来中国戏曲界的一个重要趋势。为了吸引新一代的年轻观众，跟上时代的步伐，传统戏曲界努力创作新的作品)”可知，对传统戏曲进行改编和创新的重要意义在于吸引年轻观众。故选B项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段“The centuries-old Tianleyuan Theater in Beijing has introduced fashionable performances of Peking Opera. The opera combines instrumental music, vocal performance, mime (哑剧表演), dance and acrobatics (杂技). (有着百年历史的北京天乐园戏院引进了时尚的京剧表演。戏曲结合了器乐、声乐、哑剧、舞蹈和杂技)”和第四段中“Tianleyuan has a jingju art experience section and fashionable performances. (天乐园设有京剧艺术体验区和时尚演出区)”可知，天乐园戏院对京剧表演做出创新，融合多种元素，对演出类型进行细分。这表明该戏院在创新戏曲方面走在前列。故选C项。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“According to Deng, innovation is perhaps the best way for jingju to deal with the problem of an aging audience. (邓认为，创新或许是京剧应对观众老龄化问题的最佳方式)”和Deng所说的话“Innovation can help traditional arts go further. We are happy to see many young faces, and some of them even come twice to experience the ‘new’ art (创新可以帮助传统艺术走得更远。我们很高兴看到许多年轻的面孔，其中一些人甚至来两次体验“新”艺术)”可知，邓认可创新帮助京剧解决观众老龄化问题的作用，看到了创新可以帮助京剧走得更远。由此可知，她对京剧创新是赞成的。故选C项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Adaptation and innovation (创新) of traditional opera is an important trend in Chinese opera circle in recent years. In order to attract young audience of new generation and catch up with the time, traditional opera circle makes efforts to create new works. (对传统戏曲的改编和创新是近年来中国戏曲界的一个重要趋势。为了吸引新一代的年轻观众，跟上时代的步伐，传统戏曲界努力创作新的作品)”可知，文章主要报道了传统戏曲界在进行创新尝试，以顺应时代潮流，吸引年轻观众。因此，D项“传统戏曲界创新吸引年轻观众”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 16．F 17．D 18．G 19．A 20．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了实验室培育肉类目前面临的挑战，并分析了其未来发展前景。 16．根据上文“It seems there is an appeal in lab-grown meat as an alternative to traditional meat consumption.(实验室培育的肉类作为传统肉类消费的替代品似乎很有吸引力)”以及下文“Why?（为什么）”可知，选项与上文为转折关关系且承接下文。故F选项“但是，尽管多年的期待，这种未来的食物仍然没有出现在我们的盘子里”切题。故选F项。 17．根据上文“Lab-grown meat production stretches from thousands to hundreds of thousands of US dollars per ounce—that’s the weight of about two chicken nuggets (炸鸡块).(实验室培育的肉的价格从每盎司（这大约是两块鸡块的重量）数千美元到数十万美元不等)”可知，选项承接上文说明实验室培育的肉贵的原因。故D选项“昂贵的原因是由于原材料成本”切题。故选D项。 18．根据上文“In 2023, US-based company Upside Foods received approval from the US Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration to start selling lab-grown meat.(2023年，总部位于美国的上行食品公司获得了美国农业部和食品药品管理局的批准，开始销售实验室培育的肉类)”以及根据下文“An investor in Upside Food, Lisa Feria, told Forbes magazine “Profitability is very much years off because the biggest challenge ahead of them is whether we can make it at millions of tons a year and eventurally compete with conventional meat (“Upside Food”的投资者丽莎·费里亚告诉《福布斯》杂志说：“要实现盈利还需要很多年，因为摆在他们面前的最大挑战是我们能否年产数百万吨，并最终与传统肉类竞争)”可知，实验室肉类要实现盈利还需要很多年，所以销售实验室培育的肉类要面临着承担经济损失。故G选项“为了做到这一点，该公司不得不承担重大的经济损失”切题。故选G项。 19．根据下文“A 2023 study by the University of California found that the process of producing lab-grown meat could have a 4 to 25 times higher impact on global warming than beef, which is generally the highest-polluting meat.(加州大学2023年的一项研究发现，生产实验室培养肉的过程对全球变暖的影响可能是牛肉的4到25倍，而牛肉通常是污染最严重的肉类)”可知，本段主要在说实验室培养肉带来的环境成本。故A选项“还有环境成本”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。 20．根据上文“So, it seems unlikely that we’ll be eating lab-grown meat just yet.(所以，我们似乎还不太可能吃到实验室培育的肉)”可知，选项与上文为并列关系说明另一种情况。故B选项“或者我们可能永远都不会吃到实验室培育的肉”切题。故选B项。 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是敦煌莫高窟的管理人员如何通过创新措施平衡游客探索和壁画保护的需求。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：沙尘暴、降雨和游客被认为是对联合国教科文组织世界遗产最严重的威胁。A. promotions促销；B. protests抗议；C. contributions贡献；D. threats威胁。根据上文“Sandstorms, rainfall and tourist visits”可知，沙尘暴、降雨和游客是世界遗产的威胁。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自1979年莫高窟向公众开放以来，游客人数以平均每年20%左右的速度增长，2019年达到215万。A. doubling加倍；B. growing增长；C. continuing继续；D. varying变化。根据下文“reaching 2.15 million in 2019”可知，参观莫高窟的游客人数是增长。故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你在7月、8月和9月的旅游高峰期进入洞穴，你会发现呼吸困难。A. cultural文化的；B. previous先前的；C. peak高峰时期的；D. likely可能的。根据下文“July, August and September”和客观事实可知，7月、8月和9月是旅游高峰期。故选C。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了保护洞穴，参观的时间是有限的，有时在下雨或沙尘暴期间停止。A. limited限制；B. established建立；C. conducted进行；D. investigated调查。根据下文“and sometimes stopped”可知，为了保护洞穴，有时候就限制了参观的时间。故选A。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了确保游客在限制措施实施时不会感到失望，该中心提供了一个数字展览。A. confused困惑的；B. amazed惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“when restrictions (限制) are in place”可知，游客在被限制参观时一般会失望，所以才提供了数字展览。故选D。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：30多年前，敦煌研究院开始数字化记录和存储壁画和彩绘雕塑的图像。A. generally通常，普遍地；B. digitally数字地；C. carefully认真地；D. directly直接。根据上文“a digital exhibition”可知，敦煌研究院是进行数字化记录。故选B。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：数字化项目已经成功覆盖了200多个洞穴，由110名专家组成的团队负责这项工作。A. identified识别；B. quoted引用；C. covered覆盖；D. revised修正。根据下文“more than 200 caves”可知，这个项目是覆盖了200多个洞穴。故选C。 28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：数字技术不仅为文化旅游服务，也为子孙后代留下了历史记录。A. comes across偶遇；B. turns to转向；C. leaves behind留下；D. lets alone更不用说。根据下文“a historical record for future generations”可知，数字技术是为子孙后代留下历史记录。故选C。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：数字化也将莫高窟的奇观带给了全球的观众。A. global全球的；B. professional职业的；C. technological技术的；D. different不同的。根据第14空后“people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture”可知，数字化也让全球的观众能够欣赏到莫高窟。故选A。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，“数字敦煌”上线，分享了30个最美丽洞穴的高清图像和虚拟之旅。A. sharing分享；B. regarding认为；C. appreciating欣赏；D. demanding要求。根据下文“high-definition images”可知，“数字敦煌”分享了30个最美丽洞穴的高清图像。故选A。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2016年，“数字敦煌”上线，分享了30个最美丽洞穴的高清图像和虚拟之旅。A. virtual虚拟的；B. specific具体的；C. equal平等的；D. steady稳定的。根据上文“the Digital Dunhuang”可知，“数字敦煌”是提供虚拟的旅行。故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，来自78个国家的游客参观了这些壁画，总访问量超过1680万次。A. described描述；B. accessed接近，进入；C. praised表扬；D. purchased购买。根据下文“totaling over 16.8 million visits”可知，来自78个国家的游客参观了这些壁画，空格处意为“接近，进入”。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：敦煌可以通过它的文物提供多样的文化交流。A. reject拒绝；B. provide提供；C. adjust调整；D. adopt采用。根据下文“diverse (多样的) cultural exchanges through its cultural relics”可知，敦煌提供多样的文化交流。故选B。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过将这些文物数字化，我们让全世界的人了解敦煌文化，从而更深入地了解中国对多元文化交流的贡献。A. ensure确保；B. enrich使丰富；C. endanger使处于险境；D. enable使能够。根据上文“By digitizing these relics”和下文“people worldwide to understand Dunhuang’s culture”可知，“数字敦煌”让全世界的人了解敦煌文化，空格处意为“使能够”。故选D。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过将这些文物数字化，我们让全世界的人了解敦煌文化，从而更深入地了解中国对多元文化交流的贡献。A. application应用；B. attention注意力；C. relation关系；D. contribution贡献。根据上文“Dunhuang can provide diverse (多样的) cultural exchanges”和下文“to diverse cultural exchanges”可知，敦煌可以通过它的文物提供多样的文化交流，因此中国对多元文化交流是有贡献。故选D。 36．called 37．to 38．and 39．to inspire 40．Generally 41．activities 42．who 43．is placed 44．thankful 45．survival 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“瓦猫”这一习俗。在滇西的一些村庄，人们会在屋脊中间安放瓷砖做成的像猫一样的装饰品，去除厄运，保护全家。文章解释了其来历，安装过程以及象征意义。 36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在滇西的一些村庄，有一种“猫”，叫做“瓦猫”，指的是放在屋脊中间的瓷砖做成的像猫一样的装饰品。“___1___ (call) Tile Cat”为之前名词“a kind of ‘cat’”的后置定语，动词“call”与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。 37．考查介词和固定短语。句意：在滇西的一些村庄，有一种“猫”，叫做“瓦猫”，指的是放在屋脊中间的瓷砖做成的像猫一样的装饰品。“refer to”，固定短语，意为“指代”。故填to。 38．考查连词。句意：据说它可以驱除厄运，保护全家。“can drive bad luck (能驱走厄运)”与“can protect the whole family (能保护全家)”为并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 39．考查动词不定式。句意：一旦新房子建成，在把瓦猫放在房子的屋脊上之前，需要举行一个仪式来激发瓦猫的“力量”。“___4___ (inspire) the “power" of the Tile Cat”为目的状语，用动词不定式表达。故填to inspire。 40．考查副词。句意：通常在中国农历的第二个月或第八个月，选择一个幸运的日子，并邀请一个人进行仪式。副词作状语，修饰动词短语“falling during the second…”。“general”，形容词，意为“总体的，普遍的”，其副词为“generally(大概，通常)”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Generally。 41．考查名词复数。句意：在这段时间里，人们组织一系列的祭祀活动。根据空前“a series of”可知，这里用名词复数。故填activities。 42．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：后来，瓦猫被全家人传递和触摸，他们站在那里观看屋顶被铺上瓦片的整个过程，直到瓦猫被牢牢地放在房子的屋脊中央。“___7___stand and see the whole process while the roof is being covered with tiles,”修饰名词“the whole family”，为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 43．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，瓦猫被全家人传递和触摸，他们站在那里观看屋顶被铺上瓦片的整个过程，直到瓦猫被牢牢地放在房子的屋脊中央。所填动词作从句的谓语动词，结合语境，用一般现在时；且动词“place”与主语“The Cat”之间为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态：is done。故填is placed。 44．考查形容词。句意：从那以后，不管天气如何，瓦猫都会守在高高的屋脊上，让这家人感到感激欣慰。所填应是形容词，作“feel”的表语。“thank”，动词，意为“感谢”，其形容词形式为“thankful (感谢的，欣慰的)”。故填thankful。 45．考查名词。句意：作为当地人民的精神支柱，瓦猫表达了人们对生存、安全和幸福生活的永恒愿望。“for”为介词，之后接名词。“survive”，动词，意为“生存，幸存”，其名词形式为“survival (存活，幸存)”。故填survival。 46．One possible version: Dear Alex, I was delighted to receive your letter asking about my understanding of “happiness” in China. Allow me to share with you my thoughts on this topic. To me, happiness is a combination of inner peace, love, and fulfillment in daily life. I often find happiness in simple pleasures, such as enjoying a family dinner, or participating in community activities. Festivals and traditions also play a significant role, bringing people together and fostering a sense of belonging. Moreover, the warmth of interpersonal relationships contributes greatly to my sense of happiness. I sincerely invite you to come to China and experience the unique charm of happiness in our culture firsthand. I’m sure you’ll have an unforgettable journey. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国朋友Alex回信，说明你对“幸福”的个人理解以及让你感受到幸福的活动或经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴：delighted→glad 看法：thought→insight 此外：moreover→furthermore 参加：participate in→take part in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Festivals and traditions also play a significant role, bringing people together and fostering a sense of belonging. 拓展句：Festivals and traditions also play a significant role, because they bring people together and foster a sense of belonging. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sure you’ll have an unforgettable journey. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Festivals and traditions also play a significant role, bringing people together and fostering a sense of belonging. (运用了现在分词作状语) 47．One possible version: Paragraph 1: Instantly, I made up my mind and asked the server to bring me a pair of chopsticks. As soon as they were brought in front me, I took them carefully in my hand. I looked over at my boss and we exchanged a smile. With determination, I grasped the chopsticks and attempted to pick up some rice and a piece of meat. However, my fingers slipped and the food fell back onto the plate. I was swamped with a sense of embarrassment due to my failed attempts. At that moment, I saw my boss giving me a reassuring nod, which motivated me to keep trying. I plucked up the courage and tried again, determined to master this skill. Through trial and error, I gradually got the hang of using chopsticks. Paragraph 2: In the end, I wasn’t embarrassed at all. I was glad that my new boss was so thoughtful that he could take everything into consideration. And I was really happy that I had decided to ask for chopsticks. After that, we often went out for lunch in that restaurant. Despite facing a number of challenges, I persevered in my attempts to use chopsticks. With the help of my friend and the patience of my boss, I was able to overcome my fear of using chopsticks and practice until I became proficient. It struck me that diversity is not about how we differ, but about embracing one another’s uniqueness. 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了作者得到了温哥华一家加拿大华人公司的工作，并被新老板邀请共进午餐进行庆祝。作者担心自己不会用筷子，为此焦虑不安，还给朋友打电话请教了，但焦虑并未缓解，作者甚至整夜未眠。第二天午餐时，作者惊讶地发现餐桌上提供了刀叉而非筷子。原来，老板提前安排了刀叉，因为他知道作者用筷子有困难，不想让作者感到尴尬。作者对老板的善解人意深感感激。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我立刻下定决心，让服务员给我拿一双筷子来”可知，第一段可描写作者勇敢地使用筷子，遇到了一点挫折，但在老板的鼓励下继续尝试，逐渐掌握了技巧。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，我一点也不尴尬”可知，第二段可描写作者对自己真的用了筷子感到高兴，之后常去那家餐馆用餐，坚持使用筷子，最后能够熟练使用，以及从这次经历中作者意识到文化多样性的意义。 2. 续写线索：作者决定尝试筷子——作者用筷子受挫——老板鼓励，作者取得进步——作者觉得不尴尬——作者坚持尝试筷子并成功掌握——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住：grasp/hold ②鼓励：motivate/encourage/inspire ③掌握：master/command ④考虑：take sth. into consideration/take sth. into account ⑤克服：overcome/conquer 情绪类 ①尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness/uneasiness ②高兴的：glad/happy/delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1] As soon as they were brought in front me, I took them carefully in my hand. (as soon as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] It struck me that diversity is not about how we differ, but about embracing one another’s uniqueness. (that引导主语从句、how引导宾语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$