精品解析：黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2024~2025学年度下学期联谊校期中考试 高二英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：外研版选择性必修Book 2 Unit 5~ Book 3 Unit 2. 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案是B. 1. Why does the man want to keep the window closed? A. It’s so cold outside. B. He doesn’t feel so well. C. The air inside is fresh enough. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Try to restart her computer. B. Delete some things in the computer. C. Have her computer repaired at once. 3. What is the woman probably doing? A. Reading a cookbook. B. Packing some food. C. Learning to cook. 4. How does the woman feel about English writing? A. It’s useful. B. It’s uninteresting. C. It’s difficult. 5. What time is it now? A. It’s half past four. B. It’s seven o’clock. C. It’s twelve o’clock. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman? A. A dentist. B. A patient. C. A nurse. 7. What will the man do first? A Receive treatment. B. Go to the nurses’ station. C. Have a further examination. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why does the woman call the company? A. To inquire about its address. B. To report an accident. C. To ask for help. 9. Where will the woman be before 3: 30 tomorrow afternoon? A. In the company. B. At the school. C. In the field. 10. Who will the repairman meet at about 3: 10 pm? A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman. C. The man. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Teacher and student. C. Family members. 12. What do we know about the twin towers in Kuala Lumpur? A. It took about six years to build them. B. They were redecorated about 2 years ago. C. They were once the tallest buildings in the world. 13. What is the woman going to do this summer? A. Have a tour of Malaysia. B. Attend a training course. C. Go on a holiday with her friends. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 17题。 14. What can we learn about the woman? A. She’ll fly to America. B. She has a large backpack. C. Her cases weigh more than 40 kg. 15. When will the woman’s flight leave tomorrow? A. At 7: 30 am. B. At 9: 30 am. C. At 10: 30 am. 16. What will the man do tomorrow morning? A. Call a taxi for the woman. B. Drive the woman to the airport. C. Help the woman with her packing. 17. How does the man sound? A Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Proud. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How deep is the snow at present? A. 5cm. B. 10 cm. C. 20cm. 19. What will be talked about next? A. School schedules. B. Safety suggestions. C. Driving instructions. 20. What is the main topic of the notice? A. How the classes will be arranged. B. When the students will have lunch. C. Why the students will leave school early. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are planning to start a career in the field of education, science, or culture, then an internship(实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply? * You have completed your full-time university studies; or you are studying in a graduate program for a master’s degree. * Applicants learning in the field of technology must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution. What are the requirements? * You must be at least 20 years old. *You should have a good command of either English or French. *You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software. *You should be able to work well in a team and become accustomed(适应的) to an international working environment. * You should have strong interpersonal and communication skills. What do you need to prepare? *Visa: You should have got the necessary visa. *Travel: You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship. *Medical insurance: You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid(有效的) in the target country for the entire period of the internship. UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period. *Medical certificate: You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work. *Motivation letter: You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form. Your application will be accessed(获取) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. We do not respond to every applicant. If selected, you will be contacted by a manager. If you do not receive any update within six months, it means that your application has not been successful. 1. How can an applicant be fit for the position in one aspect? A. By adapting to an international working environment. B. By having international work experience. C. By presenting some honour certificates. D. By getting a driving licence. 2. What doesn’t an applicant need to get prepared? A. Their visa. B. Their medical insurance. C. Their recommendation letter. D. Their medical certificate. 3. What can we learn about the application process? A. Not every applicant will be informed. B. Applicants can have access to the database. C. Applicants should receive training for some time. D. An applicant must work in a team for six months. B As a kid, Pamela Akuku spent her weekends exploring the National Museums of Kenya in Nairobi, following her mom, who worked there. Akuku became fascinated with the researchers she saw using complicated equipment and analyzing fossils. “But I didn’t know what they were doing at the time, ”she said. “I kept asking my mom about it.” Akuku’s mom saw her daughter’s curiosity and signed her up for the museum’s Young Researchers Club. Akuku soon took part in mock excavations (模拟挖掘) and reconstructed bones. “I enjoyed reading and puzzles,” Akuku said. “And this was a mixture of the two.” The museum experiences helped inspire her career as an archeologist(考古学家). After her four years at university, she was sure that she wanted to intensely study archaeology. She studied for a master’s degree in South Africa and majored in zooarchaeology. She is now at the Catalan Institute of Human Paleoecology and Social Evolution in Tarragona, Spain. There, she studies how ancient humans changed and made use of animal bones. Her research is helping to reveal more about where early humans lived. She is currently studying remains from Tanzania’s Olduvai Gorge, where researchers previously discovered stone tools and evidence of early human ancestors going back as far as about two million years. Akuku gave some advice to the people who want to do this job. She said, “Be prepared to encounter hard conditions. Working in this field is challenging. You feel like you have to work twice as hard just to be recognized, or sometimes you feel you’re not working hard enough or that you don’t fit in.” But she has learned to deal with any situation. Now she always tells everyone they should feel worthy and smart enough. She often says, “Don’t feel like you don’t belong here. What you’re doing counts.” 4. What did Akuku notice in the museum? A. The researchers studied how ancient people improved stone tools. B. The researchers examined the nature and structure of fossils. C. The researchers designed and made use of some equipment. D. The researchers dug out and constructed bones again. 5. Why did Akuku’s mother let her join the Young Researchers Club? A. Akuku’s mother wanted her to help with her work. B. Akuku’s mother was persuaded to do so by the club. C. Akuku was familiar with some members in the club. D. Akuku had a strong desire to know about something. 6. What is true about Tanzania’s Olduvai Gorge? A. Many stone tools wait to be found there. B. The historical site was seriously damaged by people. C. People possibly lived there about two million years ago. D. The remains were discovered by researchers from Kenya. 7. What does Akuku suggest relevant people have a sense of? A. Their being intelligent and solving problems quickly. B. Their being bright and believing that they’re valuable. C. Their being generous and giving others a hand instantly. D. Their being courageous and concentrating on their missions. C Veins (静脉), arteries and other blood vessels are extremely important for our body’s survival. To deliver blood around the body, a complex circuit of blood vessels provides oxygen, removes waste, and maintains pressure so that the vascular (血管的) network can operate continuously. Our cells are protected by a barrier of skin, enabling us to contain our water and maintain consistent internal temperatures. Every cell in the human body requires oxygen to produce energy, but most of our cells cannot access it directly. This means that very few cells interact with the environment, and therefore very few cells could access much-needed oxygen and sugar for energy. Fortunately, our species possesses a network of tissues and organs to ensure our cells acquire the substances that they need. We call this network the circulatory (血液循环的) system. The circulatory system includes a pump — the heart — and a connected network of blood vessels that carry blood to and from internal tissues. If blood and its component parts are the delivery service, busily providing oxygen and collecting waste, then blood vessels are highways and smaller roads on which they travel. Together with the heart, which provides the pressure that causes blood to move around the circuit in the body, blood vessels are important for maintaining the health and functionality of our cells. Our circulatory system is also highly adaptable. When we’re at rest and require less energy, the heart rate slows. However, when we move about and exercise, the heart rate rises. To feel the beating heart in action for yourself, you can place a finger on the left side of your wrist. As well as the heart, blood vessels themselves react to environmental changes. When it’s cold, for example, the blood vessels become narrower, helping to prevent heat loss. The reverse is also true, as blood vessels expand when it is hot to help our bodies reduce extra heat. Therefore, our vascular network can regulate our internal environment, helping to both fuel and protect our cells. 8. What can be learned about our circulatory system from paragraphs 2 and 3? A. It’s only made up of blood vessels. B. It stays the same whether we rest or exercise. C. It has little response to environmental changes. D. It helps provide essential substances for our cells. 9. What can blood vessels be described as? A. Starting stations and terminal stations. B. Street signs or guide boards. C. Main roads and smaller roads. D. Delivery men or postmen. 10. How can the blood vessels react to the cold environment? A. They become narrower. B. They start to stretch. C. They break into parts. D. They change their weight. 11. What is the theme of the text? A. Tips on heart protection. B. Our circulatory system is important. C. What are blood vessels made up of? D. Why do cells require oxygen? D After people’s departure from Aksu city in northwest China’s XinjiangUygur autonomous region, a 4-hour drive leads to the heart of the West Tianshan Mountains, where the construction site of the West Tianshan tunnel on the G219 highway stands. This crucial and important part of the G219 route connects Zhaosu county in Ili Kazak autonomous region and Wensu county in Aksu city, serving as a major passageway through the West Tianshan Mountains. The key point of the project is the West Tianshan tunnel stretching (绵延) for 15.7kilometers. This tunnel holds the titles of being the longest and the first in multiple areas of road construction. The tunnel is located in the cold and high-altitude region and in a zone that records more earthquakes at the southern foot of the West Tianshan Mountains. The ecology (生态) here is sensitive and fragile (脆弱的), and the construction difficulty can be considered as one of the toughest in the history of road construction. In the initial stages of construction, project personnel faced multiple challenges due to the remote location. There’s no water, no electricity, no roads, no Internet connection, and no people in the middle of the Tianshan range. In response to the complex geological conditions of the West Tianshan tunnel, innovative improvements have been made to ensure efficient, safe, and precise excavation (挖掘). Several measures have been taken to secure green construction. “Our tunnel is located within the Tomur Peak glacier protection area, a UNESCO World Heritage site, where the overall ecological environment is fragile. To ensure environmental protection, we have introduced new energy equipment and brought in electricity from outside to create high-voltage charging stations to make sure that our new energy equipment can be charged promptly,” said Sun Zhanjun, deputy manager of Xinjiang G219 project phase EPC-2. “During the Spring Festival, we will continue construction as usual. The tunnel work will also proceed as scheduled. In order to ensure the smooth completion of this tunnel, we will not take a break during this Spring Festival,” said Sun. “Connecting the northern and southern regions of the Tianshan range, the Zhaosu-Wensu highway aims for completion and opening to traffic in 2027.” Once the project is completed, the driving distance between Wensu county and Zhaosu county through the Tianshan Mountains will be reduced to 440 kilometers from over 1,700kilometers. It will significantly promote the growth of tourism in the area and attract more tourists to the region. 12. Why is the construction of the tunnel rather hard? ①The environment there must be carefully protected. ②The charge stations are not stable to supply power. ③There is not enough advanced engineering equipment. ④The position is where earthquakes are easy to happen. ⑤The weather there is cold and the location is very high. A. ③④⑤ B. ①②③ C. ②④⑤ D. ①④⑤ 13. Which can replace the underlined word “promptly” in paragraph 6? A. Occasionally. B. Partially. C. Quickly. D. Cautiously. 14. What can we learn from what Sun Zhanjun said? A. The Tianshan tunnel work is located far from the UNESSCO World Heritage. B. The Tianshan tunnel work will go on even during the Spring Festival. C. The Tianshan tunnel work is supposed to be completed in five years. D. The Tianshan tunnel work is still short of physical workers. 15. What is the fact about the project? A. The purpose is to connect Wensu county and Aksu city. B. The tunnel is rather far from the Tomur Peak glacier protection area. C The tunnel is on the G219 highway in the middle of the Tianshan range. D. The aim is to cut the driving distance between Wensu county and Zhaosu county. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today’s sharks are nothing compared to their ancient cousins. ___16___. They could have eaten a creature the size of a killer whale in just five bites, new research suggests. In a study published in the journal Science Advances, researchers used fossil evidence to create a 3D model of the megalodon — one of the biggest fish of all time — and find clues (线索) about its life. ___17___, according to the study. That’s about two to three times the size of today’s great white shark. Based on their digital model, researchers calculated that the megalodon would have weighed around 70 tons, or as much as 10 elephants. The megalodon, which lived about 23 million to 2.6 million years ago, was also a strong swimmer. ___18___. It could have easily moved across several oceans. It’s been difficult for scientists to get a clear picture of the megalodon, said study author Catalina Pimiento. The megalodon’s skeleton (骨骼) is made of cartilage (软骨) that doesn’t fossilize well, Pimiento said. ___19___. They included a rare collection of bones that’s been at a museum in Belgium since the 1860s. Researchers also studied the megalodon’s teeth — each one as big as a human fist. ___20___, said Michael Gottfried, a paleontologist at Michigan State University. However, he said the study’s findings are reasonable based on what is known about the giant shark. A. These areas provided enough food sources B. Sometimes sharks can attack people in the sea C Its average speed was higher than sharks today D. So the scientists examined what few fossils are available E. The giant sharks swam in the ocean millions of years ago F. The exact cause of the megalodon’s extinction is still a subject of debate G. At around 16 meters from nose to tail, the megalodon was bigger than a large coach 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Hardy, a five-year-old black Labrador, was out on a walk when he went racing onto a partially frozen river and got trapped there. The young dog was ____21____ in the freezing water, his paws ____22____ the edge tightly as his dog walker tried ____23____ to pull him to safety. The RSPCA and Northumberland Fire and Rescue Services were called to the River Wansbeck in Ashington in the UK to help ____24____ the dog. “He was out walking with his dog walker when he ran into the river, not ____25____ that the weather at minus six degrees we’ve had recently had frozen the water,” said RSPCA Inspector Jaqui Miller. “His dog walker told us he’s so ____26____ paddling(划水)in the river and the sea that he just ran forward, hoping for a good swim.” Firefighters attached a(n) ____27____ to Miller, a fire fighter, and then she slowly crawled across the frozen river to Hardy, pulling herself along with an ice pick(凿冰器). A GoPro camera she was wearing recorded the ____28____ scene. “I made sure I was securely ____29____ the rope and started to moved forward on my hands and knees ____30____ the ice. As I got closer to Hardy, I could hear him whimpering(呜咽)，” Miller said. “I managed to pick him up by lifting the back of his neck and help him push himself up onto the ice. He must have been ____31____ because he didn’t hang around but ran towards his dog walker.” Once Hardy was back onto the ____32____, he was dried by a ____33____ and given a glance by his dog walker and Miller, who had been pulled back by the firefighters. The dog seemed to be very cold and had a small ____34____ on one of his paws. But other than that, he was fine. Later that day, Miller stopped by to visit Hardy. “He’s quite a strong dog who’s fond of swimming in the North Sea, so he didn’t seem pretty troubled by the ____35____ ,” she said. 21. A. separated B. sunk C. stuck D. seized 22. A. putting up with B. getting rid of C. holding on to D. getting down to 23. A. unnecessarily B. unusually C. unwillingly D. unsuccessfully 24. A. rescue B. raise C. feed D. train 25. A. proving B. realizing C. warning D. fearing 26. A. frightened of B. used to C. free from D. patient with 27. A. label B. envelope C. stone D. rope 28. A. shocking B. confusing C. embarrassing D. boring 29. A. fastened to B. sent for C. impressed with D. exposed to 30. A. beyond B. below C. above D. across 31. A. energetic B. freezing C. sympathetic D. troublesome 32. A. bank B. stage C. surface D. bottom 33. A. contract B. version C. towel D. shadow 34. A. key B. card C. cut D. sign 35. A. experiment B. strike C. accident D. noise 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was a boy of nine in 1960. At school, I intently made ___36___ effort to do well in my studies. At the expense of my studying time, I used to mow (修剪) the lawn for Mrs. Long, whose occupation was an architect. Sometimes, doing the work took ___37___ about two hours a day. She paid me little for the job, but that she promised to give me a Christmas present filled me with hope. During the time, we were ___38___ harmony with each other. I spent much time wondering what the present would be. “As I can imagine, it will hardly be baseball gloves,” I reasoned with myself. “She doesn’t know much about baseball.” So according to my rough ___39___ (analyze), I was convinced that she might give me ice skates. As Christmas approached it was with difficulty that I would demand my present. On December 20, I told my parents, “At 9 o’clock on December 22, I will be appearing at the door of Mrs. Long’s house.” That Mrs. Long handed me a small box which under no circumstances could hold a pair of skates was ___40___ made me feel disappointed.___41___ (lift)from her, the present seemed so light, about which I was curious. It weighed almost nothing. I had no choice but ___42___ (accept) it. When the present was being held by me at the moment, I asked, “What is it?” “A kind of magic,” she said. On Christmas morning, I had this box on my knees. It was with great excitement that I opened the box to find inside ten sheets of black paper, each labeled in colorful letters, Carbon Paper Regal Premium. In view of this, I asked, “What is it?” Mum took two pieces of white paper, placed between them one of the black paper, and ___43___ (write) my name on the upper sheet. Then she handed me the second sheet, which her pencil had in no way touched. ___44___ (dramatic), there was my name on the sheet! At that moment, I remembered the ideas about the duplication (复制) of words and the printing and the mystery of spreading ideas. This experience left a deep impression on _____45_____ (I) in my life. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Maria想了解你们年级最近活动情况。你打算给她发一封电子邮件，叙述上周六你们年级的诗歌朗诵比赛活动，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动简介； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为100左右； 2.参考词汇：课外的extracurricular；诗歌朗诵poetry recitation； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Maria, How are you doing at present? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 William was a school student living in a suburban neighborhood. He was seventeen years old. One summer evening, William was getting ready for bed after finishing his assignments when he heard the sounds of fire alarms and screams coming from the outside. He quickly realized that there was a fire in his neighborhood and that his neighbors might be in danger. He looked outside and saw that one of his neighbors’ houses was on fire. He knew that he had to act quickly to help his neighbors. After calling 911, he ran outside and heard his neighbors’ little son crying inside their burning house. “He must be quite scared and in a dangerous situation,” William thought. William quickly assessed the situation and found that the house was almost surrounded by the flames (火焰). The best way was through the front door, but it was blocked by the fire as well. He knew that he had to find another way to help the boy escape from the house. He ran back to his house, grabbed a ladder and then rushed toward his neighbors’ house. He placed the ladder against the second-story window and managed to help the little boy climb down to safety. Once the boy was safe on the ground, William climbed up into the burning house again to see if anyone else was trapped there. As he made his way through the smoke, he heard cries for help from a bedroom on the third floor. He quickly ran up the stairs and found an elderly woman who was too weak to move. William quickly picked her up and carried her down the stairs and the ladder to safety. By this time, many firemen had arrived, and they did their best to put out the flames. Looking around, William saw that a few other houses in the neighborhood were also on fire. He was aware that the fire was spreading quickly and that more people needed help. Without hesitation, William joined those firemen, who were working tirelessly to extinguish the flames. He helped elderly neighbors, families with young children, and even pets. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then William saw one of his neighbors, Mr. Adam, holding a few photos with tears streaming down his face. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ William’s good deed quickly spread in the community and beyond. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年度下学期联谊校期中考试 高二英语 考生注意： 1.本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 4.本卷命题范围：外研版选择性必修Book 2 Unit 5~ Book 3 Unit 2. 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案B. 1. Why does the man want to keep the window closed? A. It’s so cold outside. B. He doesn’t feel so well. C. The air inside is fresh enough. 2. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Try to restart her computer. B. Delete some things in the computer. C. Have her computer repaired at once. 3. What is the woman probably doing? A. Reading a cookbook. B. Packing some food. C. Learning to cook. 4. How does the woman feel about English writing? A. It’s useful. B. It’s uninteresting. C. It’s difficult. 5. What time is it now? A. It’s half past four. B. It’s seven o’clock. C. It’s twelve o’clock. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman? A. A dentist. B. A patient. C. A nurse. 7. What will the man do first? A. Receive treatment. B. Go to the nurses’ station. C. Have a further examination. 听第7段材料，回答第8至 10题。 8. Why does the woman call the company? A. To inquire about its address. B. To report an accident. C. To ask for help. 9. Where will the woman be before 3: 30 tomorrow afternoon? A. In the company. B. At the school. C. In the field. 10. Who will the repairman meet at about 3: 10 pm? A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman. C. The man. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tour guide and tourist. B. Teacher and student. C. Family members. 12. What do we know about the twin towers in Kuala Lumpur? A. It took about six years to build them. B. They were redecorated about 2 years ago. C. They were once the tallest buildings in the world. 13. What is the woman going to do this summer? A. Have a tour of Malaysia. B. Attend a training course. C. Go on a holiday with her friends. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 17题。 14. What can we learn about the woman? A. She’ll fly to America. B. She has a large backpack. C. Her cases weigh more than 40 kg. 15. When will the woman’s flight leave tomorrow? A. At 7: 30 am. B. At 9: 30 am. C. At 10: 30 am. 16. What will the man do tomorrow morning? A. Call a taxi for the woman. B. Drive the woman to the airport. C. Help the woman with her packing. 17. How does the man sound? A. Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Proud. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. How deep is the snow at present? A. 5cm. B. 10 cm. C. 20cm. 19. What will be talked about next? A. School schedules. B. Safety suggestions. C. Driving instructions. 20. What is the main topic of the notice? A. How the classes will be arranged. B. When the students will have lunch. C. Why the students will leave school early. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A If you are planning to start a career in the field of education, science, or culture, then an internship(实习) at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply? * You have completed your full-time university studies; or you are studying in a graduate program for a master’s degree. * Applicants learning in the field of technology must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution. What are the requirements? * You must be at least 20 years old. *You should have a good command of either English or French. *You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software. *You should be able to work well in a team and become accustomed(适应的) to an international working environment. * You should have strong interpersonal and communication skills. What do you need to prepare? *Visa: You should have got the necessary visa. *Travel: You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship. *Medical insurance: You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid(有效的) in the target country for the entire period of the internship. UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to USD 30,000 for the internship period. *Medical certificate: You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work. *Motivation letter: You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application form. Your application will be accessed(获取) by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months. We do not respond to every applicant. If selected, you will be contacted by a manager. If you do not receive any update within six months, it means that your application has not been successful. 1. How can an applicant be fit for the position in one aspect? A. By adapting to an international working environment. B. By having international work experience. C. By presenting some honour certificates. D. By getting a driving licence. 2. What doesn’t an applicant need to get prepared? A. Their visa. B. Their medical insurance. C. Their recommendation letter. D. Their medical certificate. 3. What can we learn about the application process? A. Not every applicant will be informed. B. Applicants can have access to the database. C. Applicants should receive training for some time. D. An applicant must work in a team for six months. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）实习项目的申请条件、要求和准备材料。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“What are the requirements?”部分内容“You should be able to work well in a team and become accustomed to an international working environment.(你应该能够很好地在团队中工作，并适应国际工作环境。)”可知，能够适应国际工作环境是其要求之一，选项A“By adapting to an international working environment.(通过适应国际工作环境。)”表述的求职者在适应国际工作环境这一方面表现良好，在这一方面适合该职位。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“What do you need to prepare?”部分内容“Visa(签证)”，“Travel(行程安排)”，“Medical insurance(医疗保险)”，“Medical certificate(健康证明书)”，“Motivation letter(动机信/自荐信)”列出的材料包括签证、医疗保险、健康证明、动机信/自荐信等，但未提到“推荐信”（recommendation letter）。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“We do not respond to every applicant. If selected, you will be contacted by a manager. If you do not receive any update within six months, it means that your application has not been successful.(我们并非对每一位申请者都予以回复。如果您被选中，您将会收到一位经理的联系。若在六个月内您未收到任何更新信息，那就意味着您的申请未获成功。)”可知，不是每位申请者都能得到回复或联系，仅联系入选者。故选A项。 B As a kid, Pamela Akuku spent her weekends exploring the National Museums of Kenya in Nairobi, following her mom, who worked there. Akuku became fascinated with the researchers she saw using complicated equipment and analyzing fossils. “But I didn’t know what they were doing at the time, ”she said. “I kept asking my mom about it.” Akuku’s mom saw her daughter’s curiosity and signed her up for the museum’s Young Researchers Club. Akuku soon took part in mock excavations (模拟挖掘) and reconstructed bones. “I enjoyed reading and puzzles,” Akuku said. “And this was a mixture of the two.” The museum experiences helped inspire her career as an archeologist(考古学家). After her four years at university, she was sure that she wanted to intensely study archaeology. She studied for a master’s degree in South Africa and majored in zooarchaeology. She is now at the Catalan Institute of Human Paleoecology and Social Evolution in Tarragona, Spain. There, she studies how ancient humans changed and made use of animal bones. Her research is helping to reveal more about where early humans lived. She is currently studying remains from Tanzania’s Olduvai Gorge, where researchers previously discovered stone tools and evidence of early human ancestors going back as far as about two million years. Akuku gave some advice to the people who want to do this job. She said, “Be prepared to encounter hard conditions. Working in this field is challenging. You feel like you have to work twice as hard just to be recognized, or sometimes you feel you’re not working hard enough or that you don’t fit in.” But she has learned to deal with any situation. Now she always tells everyone they should feel worthy and smart enough. She often says, “Don’t feel like you don’t belong here. What you’re doing counts.” 4. What did Akuku notice in the museum? A. The researchers studied how ancient people improved stone tools. B. The researchers examined the nature and structure of fossils. C. The researchers designed and made use of some equipment. D. The researchers dug out and constructed bones again. 5. Why did Akuku’s mother let her join the Young Researchers Club? A. Akuku’s mother wanted her to help with her work. B. Akuku’s mother was persuaded to do so by the club. C. Akuku was familiar with some members in the club. D. Akuku had a strong desire to know about something. 6. What is true about Tanzania’s Olduvai Gorge? A. Many stone tools wait to be found there. B. The historical site was seriously damaged by people. C. People possibly lived there about two million years ago. D. The remains were discovered by researchers from Kenya. 7. What does Akuku suggest relevant people have a sense of? A. Their being intelligent and solving problems quickly. B. Their being bright and believing that they’re valuable. C. Their being generous and giving others a hand instantly. D. Their being courageous and concentrating on their missions. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要叙述来自肯尼亚的Pamela Akuku从小就对博物馆的研究人员的工作感兴趣，后来加入该博物馆的俱乐部，大学四年后，她确信专注学习考古学。最后她还给与想在这个行业工作的人一些有益的建议。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a kid, Pamela Akuku spent her weekends exploring the National Museums of Kenya in Nairobi, following her mom, who worked there. Akuku became fascinated with the researchers she saw using complicated equipment and analyzing fossils.(小时候，帕梅拉·阿库库利用周末时间跟随在那里工作的母亲，探索内罗毕的肯尼亚国家博物馆。阿库库被她看到的使用复杂设备和分析化石的研究人员迷住了)”可知，阿库库在博物馆里注意到研究人员检查了化石的性质和结构。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Akuku’s mom saw her daughter’s curiosity and signed her up for the museum’s Young Researchers Club.(Akuku的妈妈看到了女儿的好奇心，为她报名参加了博物馆的青年研究人员俱乐部)”可知，Akuku的母亲让她加入青年研究人员俱乐部是因为Akuku有强烈的求知欲。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She is currently studying remains from Tanzania’s Olduvai Gorge, where researchers previously discovered stone tools and evidence of early human ancestors going back as far as about two million years.(她目前正在研究坦桑尼亚奥杜瓦伊峡谷的遗迹，研究人员此前在那里发现了石器和早期人类祖先的证据，这些证据可以追溯到大约200万年前)”可知，大约两百万年前，早期人类可能生活在坦桑尼亚的奥杜瓦伊峡谷。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now she always tells everyone they should feel worthy and smart enough.(现在她总是告诉每个人，他们应该觉得自己有价值，足够聪明)”可知，Akuku建议相关人士相信他们很聪明，相信自己很有价值。故选B。 C Veins (静脉), arteries and other blood vessels are extremely important for our body’s survival. To deliver blood around the body, a complex circuit of blood vessels provides oxygen, removes waste, and maintains pressure so that the vascular (血管的) network can operate continuously. Our cells are protected by a barrier of skin, enabling us to contain our water and maintain consistent internal temperatures. Every cell in the human body requires oxygen to produce energy, but most of our cells cannot access it directly. This means that very few cells interact with the environment, and therefore very few cells could access much-needed oxygen and sugar for energy. Fortunately, our species possesses a network of tissues and organs to ensure our cells acquire the substances that they need. We call this network the circulatory (血液循环的) system. The circulatory system includes a pump — the heart — and a connected network of blood vessels that carry blood to and from internal tissues. If blood and its component parts are the delivery service, busily providing oxygen and collecting waste, then blood vessels are highways and smaller roads on which they travel. Together with the heart, which provides the pressure that causes blood to move around the circuit in the body, blood vessels are important for maintaining the health and functionality of our cells. Our circulatory system is also highly adaptable. When we’re at rest and require less energy, the heart rate slows. However, when we move about and exercise, the heart rate rises. To feel the beating heart in action for yourself, you can place a finger on the left side of your wrist. As well as the heart, blood vessels themselves react to environmental changes. When it’s cold, for example, the blood vessels become narrower, helping to prevent heat loss. The reverse is also true, as blood vessels expand when it is hot to help our bodies reduce extra heat. Therefore, our vascular network can regulate our internal environment, helping to both fuel and protect our cells. 8. What can be learned about our circulatory system from paragraphs 2 and 3? A. It’s only made up of blood vessels. B. It stays the same whether we rest or exercise. C. It has little response to environmental changes. D. It helps provide essential substances for our cells. 9. What can blood vessels be described as? A. Starting stations and terminal stations. B. Street signs or guide boards. C. Main roads and smaller roads. D. Delivery men or postmen. 10. How can the blood vessels react to the cold environment? A. They become narrower. B. They start to stretch. C. They break into parts. D. They change their weight. 11. What is the theme of the text? A. Tips on heart protection. B. Our circulatory system is important. C. What are blood vessels made up of? D. Why do cells require oxygen? 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了血液循环系统及其特点和重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This means that very few cells interact with the environment, and therefore very few cells could access much-needed oxygen and sugar for energy. Fortunately, our species possesses a network of tissues and organs to ensure our cells acquire the substances that they need. We call this network the circulatory (血液循环的) system.(这意味着很少有细胞与环境相互作用，因此很少有细胞能够获得急需的氧气和糖作为能量。幸运的是，人类拥有一个组织和器官网络，以确保我们的细胞获得所需的物质。我们把这个网络称为循环系统)”可知，循环系统帮助我们的细胞提供必需的物质，故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“If blood and its component parts are the delivery service, busily providing oxygen and collecting waste, then blood vessels are highways and smaller roads on which they travel.(如果血液及其组成部分是运送服务，忙着提供氧气和收集废物，那么血管就是高速公路和它们行驶的小道路)”可知，血管可以描述为主路和小路，故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When it’s cold, for example, the blood vessels become narrower, helping to prevent heat loss.(例如，当天气寒冷时，血管会变窄，有助于防止热量散失)”可知，天气寒冷时，血管会变窄，故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Veins (静脉), arteries and other blood vessels are extremely important for our body’s survival. To deliver blood around the body, a complex circuit of blood vessels provides oxygen, removes waste, and maintains pressure so that the vascular (血管的) network can operate continuously.(静脉、动脉和其他血管对我们身体的生存极其重要。为了将血液输送到全身，一个复杂的血管回路提供氧气、清除废物并维持压力，这样血管网络才能持续运转)”可知，文章主要介绍了血液循环系统及其特点和重要性，故选B。 D After people’s departure from Aksu city in northwest China’s XinjiangUygur autonomous region, a 4-hour drive leads to the heart of the West Tianshan Mountains, where the construction site of the West Tianshan tunnel on the G219 highway stands. This crucial and important part of the G219 route connects Zhaosu county in Ili Kazak autonomous region and Wensu county in Aksu city, serving as a major passageway through the West Tianshan Mountains. The key point of the project is the West Tianshan tunnel stretching (绵延) for 15.7kilometers. This tunnel holds the titles of being the longest and the first in multiple areas of road construction. The tunnel is located in the cold and high-altitude region and in a zone that records more earthquakes at the southern foot of the West Tianshan Mountains. The ecology (生态) here is sensitive and fragile (脆弱的), and the construction difficulty can be considered as one of the toughest in the history of road construction. In the initial stages of construction, project personnel faced multiple challenges due to the remote location. There’s no water, no electricity, no roads, no Internet connection, and no people in the middle of the Tianshan range. In response to the complex geological conditions of the West Tianshan tunnel, innovative improvements have been made to ensure efficient, safe, and precise excavation (挖掘). Several measures have been taken to secure green construction. “Our tunnel is located within the Tomur Peak glacier protection area, a UNESCO World Heritage site, where the overall ecological environment is fragile. To ensure environmental protection, we have introduced new energy equipment and brought in electricity from outside to create high-voltage charging stations to make sure that our new energy equipment can be charged promptly,” said Sun Zhanjun, deputy manager of Xinjiang G219 project phase EPC-2. “During the Spring Festival, we will continue construction as usual. The tunnel work will also proceed as scheduled. In order to ensure the smooth completion of this tunnel, we will not take a break during this Spring Festival,” said Sun. “Connecting the northern and southern regions of the Tianshan range, the Zhaosu-Wensu highway aims for completion and opening to traffic in 2027.” Once the project is completed, the driving distance between Wensu county and Zhaosu county through the Tianshan Mountains will be reduced to 440 kilometers from over 1,700kilometers. It will significantly promote the growth of tourism in the area and attract more tourists to the region. 12. Why is the construction of the tunnel rather hard? ①The environment there must be carefully protected. ②The charge stations are not stable to supply power. ③There is not enough advanced engineering equipment. ④The position is where earthquakes are easy to happen. ⑤The weather there is cold and the location is very high. A. ③④⑤ B. ①②③ C. ②④⑤ D. ①④⑤ 13. Which can replace the underlined word “promptly” in paragraph 6? A. Occasionally. B. Partially. C. Quickly. D. Cautiously. 14. What can we learn from what Sun Zhanjun said? A. The Tianshan tunnel work is located far from the UNESSCO World Heritage. B. The Tianshan tunnel work will go on even during the Spring Festival. C. The Tianshan tunnel work is supposed to be completed in five years. D. The Tianshan tunnel work is still short of physical workers. 15. What is the fact about the project? A. The purpose is to connect Wensu county and Aksu city. B. The tunnel is rather far from the Tomur Peak glacier protection area. C. The tunnel is on the G219 highway in the middle of the Tianshan range. D. The aim is to cut the driving distance between Wensu county and Zhaosu county. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国新疆 G219 公路西天山隧道的建设情况、面临挑战及建成意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The tunnel is located in the cold and high-altitude region and in a zone that records more earthquakes at the southern foot of the West Tianshan Mountains. The ecology (生态) here is sensitive and fragile (脆弱的), and the construction difficulty can be considered as one of the toughest in the history of road construction. (该隧道位于寒冷的高海拔地区，地处西天山南麓地震多发带。这里的生态环境敏感脆弱，其施工难度堪称公路建设史上最难之一。)”可知，隧道建设难度大是因为环境需小心保护（①）、所处位置易发生地震（④）、天气寒冷且海拔高（⑤）。故选D项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段“To ensure environmental protection, we have introduced new energy equipment and brought in electricity from outside to create high-voltage charging stations to make sure that our new energy equipment can be charged promptly (为确保环境保护，我们引入了新能源设备，并从外部引入电力建设高压充电站，以确保我们的新能源设备能 promptly 充电)”可知，为了保证新能源设备正常运行，建造充电站就是为了让设备能快速充电，所以划线单词的意思与“快速地”意义相近。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段““During the Spring Festival, we will continue construction as usual. The tunnel work will also proceed as scheduled. In order to ensure the smooth completion of this tunnel, we will not take a break during this Spring Festival, ” said Sun. (孙战军说：“春节期间，我们将照常施工。隧道工程也将按计划进行。为确保这条隧道顺利完工，今年春节我们不休息。”)”可知，天山隧道工程即使在春节期间也将继续进行。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Once the project is completed, the driving distance between Wensu county and Zhaosu county through the Tianshan Mountains will be reduced to 440 kilometers from over 1,700 kilometers. (项目一旦完工，温宿县和昭苏县穿越天山的驾车距离将从 1700 多公里缩短至 440 公里。)”可知，该项目目的是缩短温宿县和昭苏县之间的驾车距离。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Today’s sharks are nothing compared to their ancient cousins. ___16___. They could have eaten a creature the size of a killer whale in just five bites, new research suggests. In a study published in the journal Science Advances, researchers used fossil evidence to create a 3D model of the megalodon — one of the biggest fish of all time — and find clues (线索) about its life. ___17___, according to the study. That’s about two to three times the size of today’s great white shark. Based on their digital model, researchers calculated that the megalodon would have weighed around 70 tons, or as much as 10 elephants. The megalodon, which lived about 23 million to 2.6 million years ago, was also a strong swimmer. ___18___. It could have easily moved across several oceans. It’s been difficult for scientists to get a clear picture of the megalodon, said study author Catalina Pimiento. The megalodon’s skeleton (骨骼) is made of cartilage (软骨) that doesn’t fossilize well, Pimiento said. ___19___. They included a rare collection of bones that’s been at a museum in Belgium since the 1860s. Researchers also studied the megalodon’s teeth — each one as big as a human fist. ___20___, said Michael Gottfried, a paleontologist at Michigan State University. However, he said the study’s findings are reasonable based on what is known about the giant shark. A. These areas provided enough food sources B. Sometimes sharks can attack people in the sea C. Its average speed was higher than sharks today D. So the scientists examined what few fossils are available E. The giant sharks swam in the ocean millions of years ago F. The exact cause of the megalodon’s extinction is still a subject of debate G. At around 16 meters from nose to tail, the megalodon was bigger than a large coach 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍远古巨齿鲨的体型、习性、研究情况及灭绝原因的争议。 【16题详解】 上文“Today’s sharks are nothing compared to their ancient cousins.(如今的鲨鱼与它们远古的表亲相比简直不值一提)”引出远古鲨鱼的话题，下文“They could have eaten a creature the size of a killer whale in just five bites, new research suggests.(新的研究表明，它们可能只需咬五口就能吃掉一头虎鲸那么大的生物)”描述远古鲨鱼的强大，E选项“The giant sharks swam in the ocean millions of years ago (这些巨型鲨鱼在数百万年前就在海洋中遨游了)” 既承接上文提到的远古鲨鱼，又引出下文对远古鲨鱼的进一步介绍，符合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 上文“In a study published in the journal Science Advances, researchers used fossil evidence to create a 3D model of the megalodon — one of the biggest fish of all time — and find clues (线索) about its life. (在一项发表于《科学进展》期刊的研究中，研究人员利用化石证据创建了巨齿鲨（有史以来最大的鱼类之一）的3D模型，并寻找有关其生活的线索)”提到巨齿鲨是最大的鱼类之一，下文“That’s about two to three times the size of today’s great white shark.(这大约是如今大白鲨体型的两到三倍)”进一步说明其大小，由此可知，此空介绍的内容与巨齿鲨的大小相关，G选项“At around 16 meters from nose to tail, the megalodon was bigger than a large coach (巨齿鲨从鼻子到尾巴大约 16 米长，比一辆大型长途客车还要大)”具体描述了巨齿鲨的长度，衔接上下文，符合语境。故选G项。 【18题详解】 上文“The megalodon, which lived about 23 million to 2.6 million years ago, was also a strong swimmer.(生活在大约2300万至260万年前巨齿鲨，也是一名游泳健将)”表明巨齿鲨游泳能力强，下文“It could have easily moved across several oceans.(它可以轻松地游过几个大洋)”进一步说明其游泳能力，由此可推断，此空仍然介绍其游泳的能力相关，C选项“Its average speed was higher than sharks today (它的平均速度比如今的鲨鱼要快)”解释了它游泳能力强的表现，即速度快，承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 上文“The megalodon’s skeleton (骨骼) is made of cartilage (软骨) that doesn’t fossilize well, Pimiento said.(皮门托说，巨齿鲨的骨骼是由软骨构成的，不容易形成化石)”说明巨齿鲨化石难以保存，下文“They included a rare collection of bones that’s been at a museum in Belgium since the 1860s. Researchers also studied the megalodon’s teeth — each one as big as a human fist.(其中包括自19世纪60年代以来一直保存在比利时一家博物馆的一批稀有的骨骼收藏。研究人员还研究了巨齿鲨的牙齿——每一颗都有人类的拳头那么大)”提到了对现有化石的研究，D选项“So the scientists examined what few fossils are available (所以科学家们检查了仅有的那些可用的化石)”承接上文巨齿鲨化石难以保存的情况，与上文之间为因果关系，符合逻辑，且引出下文对现有化石的研究，符合语境。故选D项。 【20题详解】 下文“However, he said the study’s findings are reasonable based on what is known about the giant shark.(不过，他表示，根据已知的关于这种巨型鲨鱼的情况，这项研究的发现是合理的)”中的However表示转折，F选项“The exact cause of the megalodon’s extinction is still a subject of debate (巨齿鲨灭绝的确切原因仍然是一个有争议的话题)”指出巨齿鲨灭绝原因有争议，与下文“研究发现合理”形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Hardy, a five-year-old black Labrador, was out on a walk when he went racing onto a partially frozen river and got trapped there. The young dog was ____21____ in the freezing water, his paws ____22____ the edge tightly as his dog walker tried ____23____ to pull him to safety. The RSPCA and Northumberland Fire and Rescue Services were called to the River Wansbeck in Ashington in the UK to help ____24____ the dog. “He was out walking with his dog walker when he ran into the river, not ____25____ that the weather at minus six degrees we’ve had recently had frozen the water,” said RSPCA Inspector Jaqui Miller. “His dog walker told us he’s so ____26____ paddling(划水)in the river and the sea that he just ran forward, hoping for a good swim.” Firefighters attached a(n) ____27____ to Miller, a fire fighter, and then she slowly crawled across the frozen river to Hardy, pulling herself along with an ice pick(凿冰器). A GoPro camera she was wearing recorded the ____28____ scene. “I made sure I was securely ____29____ the rope and started to moved forward on my hands and knees ____30____ the ice. As I got closer to Hardy, I could hear him whimpering(呜咽)，” Miller said. “I managed to pick him up by lifting the back of his neck and help him push himself up onto the ice. He must have been ____31____ because he didn’t hang around but ran towards his dog walker.” Once Hardy was back onto the ____32____, he was dried by a ____33____ and given a glance by his dog walker and Miller, who had been pulled back by the firefighters. The dog seemed to be very cold and had a small ____34____ on one of his paws. But other than that, he was fine. Later that day, Miller stopped by to visit Hardy. “He’s quite a strong dog who’s fond of swimming in the North Sea, so he didn’t seem pretty troubled by the ____35____ ,” she said. 21. A. separated B. sunk C. stuck D. seized 22. A. putting up with B. getting rid of C. holding on to D. getting down to 23. A. unnecessarily B. unusually C. unwillingly D. unsuccessfully 24. A. rescue B. raise C. feed D. train 25. A. proving B. realizing C. warning D. fearing 26. A. frightened of B. used to C. free from D. patient with 27. A. label B. envelope C. stone D. rope 28. A. shocking B. confusing C. embarrassing D. boring 29. A. fastened to B. sent for C. impressed with D. exposed to 30. A. beyond B. below C. above D. across 31. A. energetic B. freezing C. sympathetic D. troublesome 32. A. bank B. stage C. surface D. bottom 33. A. contract B. version C. towel D. shadow 34. A. key B. card C. cut D. sign 35. A. experiment B. strike C. accident D. noise 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只小狗被困在结冰的河里，消防人员对其进行了及时救援，小狗安然无恙。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只小狗被困在冰冷的水里，他的爪子紧紧抓住冰层的边缘，遛狗的人试图把他拉到安全的地方，但没有成功。A. separated 分开；B. sunk下沉；C. stuck困住，卡住；D. seized抓住。根据上文“he went racing onto a partially frozen river and got trapped there.”可知，小狗被困住了，需要救援。故选C项。 22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这只小狗被困在冰冷的水里，他的爪子紧紧抓住冰层的边缘，遛狗的人试图把他拉到安全的地方，但没有成功。A. putting up with容忍，忍受；B. getting rid of消除，除掉；C. holding on to紧紧抓住；D. getting down to开始专心做。根据上文“The young dog was __1__ in the freezing water”可知，小狗被困落水，爪子紧紧抓住了冰的边缘。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这只小狗被困在冰冷的水里，他的爪子紧紧抓住冰层的边缘，遛狗的人试图把他拉到安全的地方，但没有成功。A. unnecessarily没必要；B. unusually不同寻常地；C. unwillingly不愿意地；D. unsuccessfully不成功地。根据下文“The RSPCA and Northumberland Fire and Rescue Services were called to the River Wansbeck in Ashington in the UK to help __4__the dog.”可知，遛狗的人打电话向消防员求救了，他应该是自己试图把狗拉上来结果没成功。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国阿什顿的万斯贝克河畔，皇家防止虐待动物协会（RSPCA）和诺森伯兰消防救援部门接到求助电话，前来营救这只狗。A. rescue救援，营救；B. raise举起，饲养，募集；C. feed喂养；D. train训练。根据上文“his dog walker tried __3__ to pull him to safety.”及下文消防员的救助可知，遛狗人救狗失败，打电话给动物救助协会和消防部门是请求对狗实施专业救援。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和遛狗的人外出散步时跑进了河里，他没有意识到最近气温低至零下六度，河水已经结冰了。A. proving证明；B. realizing意识到；C. warning警告；D. fearing害怕，唯恐。根据下文宾语从句“that the weather at minus six degrees we’ve had recently had frozen the water”可知，此处是伴随状语，指狗跑进河里时的状态，狗没意识到降温河流结冰。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：遛狗的人告诉我们，他平时就习惯在河里和海里嬉水，所以他直接冲了进去，以为能好好游个泳。 A. frightened of害怕；B. used to习惯于；C. free from免于；D. patient with耐心的。根据下文“he just ran forward, hoping for a good swim.”“ who’s fond of swimming in the North Sea”可知，小狗直接跑到河里想要游泳，应该是经常在水里游泳，习惯了下水嬉戏。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防员们将一根绳子系在米勒身上，然后她慢慢地爬过结冰的河面，朝着哈迪的方向挪动，一边用冰镐支撑自己。A. label标签；B. envelope信封；C. stone石头；D. rope绳子。根据下文第9空后“the rope”可知，消防员在米勒身上系了绳子，原词复现。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她佩戴的GoPro相机记录下了这惊险的一幕。A. shocking令人惊讶的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. boring乏味的，无聊的。根据上文“Firefighters attached a(n) _7__ to Miller, a fire fighter, and then she slowly crawled across the frozen river to Hardy, pulling herself along with an ice pick.”可知，此处的形容词形容米勒在薄冰上救援小狗的过程，应该是令人震惊的，触目惊心，很危险。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确保自己牢牢地系在绳子上，然后开始手脚并用地在冰面上向前移动。A. fastened to系牢在……上；B. sent for派人去请；C. impressed with对……印象深刻；D. exposed to暴露于，接触到。根据上文“Firefighters attached a(n) __7__ to Miller, a fire fighter”可知，米勒身上是系了绳子的，此处表示她确保绳子系的结实。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我确保自己牢牢地系在绳子上，然后开始手脚并用地在冰面上向前移动。A. beyond超出；B. below在……下面；C. above在……上方；D. across穿过，横过，跨过。根据上文“and then she slowly crawled across the frozen river to Hardy, pulling herself along with an ice pick”可知，这两处是在描述同一个场景，在冰面上向狗的方向移动，介词across原词复现。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一定冻坏了，因为他没有待在那里，而是跑向遛狗的人。A. energetic精力旺盛的；B. freezing极冷的；C. sympathetic同情的；D. troublesome惹麻烦的。根据下文“because he didn’t hang around but ran towards his dog walker.”及14空前“The dog seemed to be very cold”可知，狗获救后，没有到处玩耍，立即跑向主人，应该是感觉很冷不舒服。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈迪回到河岸后，被用毛巾擦干了身子，遛狗的人和被消防员拉回来的米勒对他做了简单的检查。A. bank河岸，银行；B. stage舞台；C. surface表面；D. bottom底部。根据空前的“back onto”及下文“he was dried by a __13__ and given a glance by his dog walker and Miller,”可知，把小狗身上擦干是获救上岸后发生的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈迪回到河岸后，被用毛巾擦干了身子，遛狗的人和被消防员拉回来的米勒对他做了简单的检查。A. contract合同；B. version版本；C. towel毛巾；D. shadow影子。根据空前“he was dried”可知，落水的狗擦干身体应该使用毛巾。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只狗似乎被冻得不轻，爪子上还有一道小伤口。A. key关键，钥匙；B. card卡片；C. cut割伤；D. sign标志，迹象。根据上文“his paws __2__ the edge tightly”及下文“But other than that, he was fine.”可知，此处，人们在查看小狗的身体是否受伤，获救前他的爪子一直在紧抓着冰层，应该是有一点伤口，其他一切安好。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是一只很喜欢在北海游泳的强壮狗狗，所以这次意外似乎并没有让他受到太大惊吓。A. experiment实验；B. strike击打，打击；C. accident意外，事故；D. noise噪音。根据上文“Hardy, a five-year-old black Labrador, was out on a walk when he went racing onto a partially frozen river and got trapped there. The young dog was __1__ in the freezing water”可知，这里指本文叙述的狗狗被困在冰冷的水中的意外事件。故选C项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was a boy of nine in 1960. At school, I intently made ___36___ effort to do well in my studies. At the expense of my studying time, I used to mow (修剪) the lawn for Mrs. Long, whose occupation was an architect. Sometimes, doing the work took ___37___ about two hours a day. She paid me little for the job, but that she promised to give me a Christmas present filled me with hope. During the time, we were ___38___ harmony with each other. I spent much time wondering what the present would be. “As I can imagine, it will hardly be baseball gloves,” I reasoned with myself. “She doesn’t know much about baseball.” So according to my rough ___39___ (analyze), I was convinced that she might give me ice skates. As Christmas approached, it was with difficulty that I would demand my present. On December 20, I told my parents, “At 9 o’clock on December 22, I will be appearing at the door of Mrs. Long’s house.” That Mrs. Long handed me a small box which under no circumstances could hold a pair of skates was ___40___ made me feel disappointed.___41___ (lift)from her, the present seemed so light, about which I was curious. It weighed almost nothing. I had no choice but ___42___ (accept) it. When the present was being held by me at the moment, I asked, “What is it?” “A kind of magic,” she said. On Christmas morning, I had this box on my knees. It was with great excitement that I opened the box to find inside ten sheets of black paper, each labeled in colorful letters, Carbon Paper Regal Premium. In view of this, I asked, “What is it?” Mum took two pieces of white paper, placed between them one of the black paper, and ___43___ (write) my name on the upper sheet. Then she handed me the second sheet, which her pencil had in no way touched. ___44___ (dramatic), there was my name on the sheet! At that moment, I remembered the ideas about the duplication (复制) of words and the printing and the mystery of spreading ideas. This experience left a deep impression on _____45_____ (I) in my life. 【答案】36. an 37. up 38. in 39. analysis##analyses 40. what 41. Lifted## Having been lifted 42. to accept 43. wrote 44. Dramatically 45. me 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是一个九岁男孩在1960年通过一份特别的圣诞礼物学到了关于文字复制和思想传播奥秘的感人故事。 【36题详解】 考查冠词、固定短语。句意：在学校里，我专心致志地努力学习。因空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一个”含义，且make an effort to do sth为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，effort首字母发音为元音。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：有时，做这项工作一天要花费我大约两个小时。take up为固定短语，意为“占用（时间、空间等）”，符合语境。故填up。 【38题详解】 考查介词、固定短语。句意：在那段时间里，我们彼此相处融洽。in harmony with为固定短语，意为“与…… 和谐相处；与……一致”。，故填in。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：所以根据我粗略的分析，我确信她可能会给我溜冰鞋。根据空前的形容词rough可知，此处应填名词，作介词to的宾语，analyze的名词形式为analysis，且analysis表示抽象意义的“分析”时是不可数名词，表示具体的“分析结果”时是可数名词，此处既可以表示抽象的分析，也可以表示多次的分析结果，所以可以填analysis或analyses。故填analysis/analyses。 【40题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：朗夫人递给我一个小盒子，这个盒子无论如何也装不下一双溜冰鞋，这让我感到很失望。本句为包含表语从句的复合句，系动词was后是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导表语从句。故填what。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从她手中接过礼物，它看起来如此轻，这让我很好奇。句中已有谓语动词seemed，所以空白处应填非谓语动词，the present与lift之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语，也可以理解为“lift”这个动作发生在“seemed”之前，用现在分词的完成被动式having been lifted作状语。故填Lifted/ Having been lifted。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词、固定短语。句意：我别无选择，只能接受它。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且因have no choice but to do sth为固定短语，意为“除了做某事别无选择”。故填to accept。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：妈妈拿了两张白纸，在它们中间放了一张黑纸，然后在上面那张纸上写下了我的名字。空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词应用一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote。故填wrote。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，纸上有我的名字。此处应填副词作状语，修饰整个句子，dramatic的副词形式为dramatically，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Dramatically。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：这段经历在我的生命中给我留下了深刻的印象。根据空前的介词on可知，此处应填宾格代词作宾语，I的宾格形式为me。故填me。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国网友Maria想了解你们年级最近活动情况。你打算给她发一封电子邮件，叙述上周六你们年级的诗歌朗诵比赛活动，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动简介； 3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为100左右； 2.参考词汇：课外的extracurricular；诗歌朗诵poetry recitation； 3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Maria, How are you doing at present? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Maria, How are you doing at present? Last Saturday, our grade organized a poetry recitation competition to enrich the students’ extracurricular life. The competition featured various poems, including classic poems by famous poets and original works created by the participants. After a poem had been recited by a contestant, then they were judged on their ability to deliver the poems with emotion, clarity, and proper pronunciation. One of the highlights was a recitation of Li Bai’s “Autumn Frost” with charming background music and a graceful dance. The event received positive feedback. A lot of students who listened to the poems being recited said they gained a lot from the activity. Many participants expressed their gratitude for such a meaningful activity and shared that it could boost their confidence in public speaking and inspire them to explore more poems. Has your grade held any meaningful activities recently? Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生的美国网友Maria想了解考生所在年级最近活动情况，要求考生给她发一封电子邮件，叙述上周六你们年级的诗歌朗诵比赛活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 组织：organize→arrange 能力：ability→capability 表达：express→convey 感激：gratitude→appreciation 2.句式拓展： 原句：The competition featured various poems, including classic poems by famous poets and original works created by the participants. 拓展句：The competition featured various poems, which included classic poems by famous poets and original works created by the participants. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Last Saturday, our grade organized a poetry recitation competition to enrich the students’ extracurricular life.（运用了动词不定式 to enrich 作目的状语） 【高分句型 2】Many participants expressed their gratitude for such a meaningful activity and shared that it could boost their confidence in public speaking and inspire them to explore more poems.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 William was a school student living in a suburban neighborhood. He was seventeen years old. One summer evening, William was getting ready for bed after finishing his assignments when he heard the sounds of fire alarms and screams coming from the outside. He quickly realized that there was a fire in his neighborhood and that his neighbors might be in danger. He looked outside and saw that one of his neighbors’ houses was on fire. He knew that he had to act quickly to help his neighbors. After calling 911, he ran outside and heard his neighbors’ little son crying inside their burning house. “He must be quite scared and in a dangerous situation,” William thought. William quickly assessed the situation and found that the house was almost surrounded by the flames (火焰). The best way was through the front door, but it was blocked by the fire as well. He knew that he had to find another way to help the boy escape from the house. He ran back to his house, grabbed a ladder and then rushed toward his neighbors’ house. He placed the ladder against the second-story window and managed to help the little boy climb down to safety. Once the boy was safe on the ground, William climbed up into the burning house again to see if anyone else was trapped there. As he made his way through the smoke, he heard cries for help from a bedroom on the third floor. He quickly ran up the stairs and found an elderly woman who was too weak to move. William quickly picked her up and carried her down the stairs and the ladder to safety. By this time, many firemen had arrived, and they did their best to put out the flames. Looking around, William saw that a few other houses in the neighborhood were also on fire. He was aware that the fire was spreading quickly and that more people needed help. Without hesitation, William joined those firemen, who were working tirelessly to extinguish the flames. He helped elderly neighbors, families with young children, and even pets. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then William saw one of his neighbors, Mr. Adam, holding a few photos with tears streaming down his face. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ William’s good deed quickly spread in the community and beyond. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Then William saw one of his neighbors, Mr. Adam, holding a few photos with tears streaming down his face. Their children, Bill and Alice, huddled together, looking scared and lost. William walked over to them, not knowing what to say. He just put his hand on Mr. Adam’s shoulder and said, “I am terrible sorry that this has happened. Look ahead and everything will turn out fine.” They agreed and nodded their heads. After comforting them, William went on to help fight against the fire. After hours of effort, fortunately, the fire was finally put out. Then exhaustion began to set in, but he felt warm in his heart. Having made sure everyone was safe, he quietly left the scene, went back to his room and climbed into his bed to enjoy a sound sleep. William’s good deed quickly spread in the community and beyond. When he woke up the next morning, he found his action didn’t go unnoticed by his school. A call from his principal came, announcing he was awarded the title of School Hero. “But for your bravery, the neighbourhood would have suffered greater losses,” the principal expressed his admiration. Joy of being recognized welled up in William’s heart. But for him, the greatest award was that he had made a difference in others’lives. The fire also taught William an important lesson about the power of community. He became convinced that with kindness, bravery and willingness to help, nothing was impossible for a community. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。17岁的William是一名住在郊区的学生。一个夏夜，他听到邻居家着火的警报声和尖叫声。他迅速报警后，发现邻居家的小儿子被困在着火的房子里。William用梯子从二楼窗户救出了小男孩，并再次进入火场确认是否还有其他被困人员。之后，他又救出了一位被困在三楼的虚弱老妇人。此时消防员赶到，William加入他们一起灭火，并帮助了其他受影响的邻居。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①.由第一段首句内容“然后William看到了他一个邻居，Adam先生手里拿着几张照片，泪水顺着脸颊流下。”可知，第一段可描写描写William在火灾现场安慰受到惊吓的邻居Mr. Adam及其孩子的情景，以及他继续参与灭火行动，最终火灾被扑灭后他疲惫但内心感到温暖，确认所有人安全后默默离开现场回家休息的过程。 ②.由第二段首句内容“William的善行很快在社区内外传开”可知，第二段可描写William的英勇行为受到社区的广泛赞誉，学校也注意到了他的行为并授予他“校园英雄”的称号，校长对他表示赞赏。虽然得到了认可，但William认为最大的奖励是他能够为他人的生活带来改变。此外，这次火灾也让William深刻体会到了社区的力量，他坚信只要拥有善良、勇敢和乐于助人的品质，社区就能克服一切困难。 2.续写线索： 看到邻居Mr. Adam流泪——安慰Mr. Adam及其孩子——参与灭火——感到疲惫但内心温暖——确保安全后离开，回家睡觉——William的善行在社区传开——学校注意到William的行为——学校表彰——William内心喜悦——坚信善良、勇敢和乐于助人能克服一切 3.词汇激活： 行为类 ①.安慰：comfort/sooth ②.战斗：fight/battle/struggle ③.离开：leave/depart/exit 情绪类 ①.害怕的：scared/frightened/terrified ②.抱歉的：sorry/regretful/apologetic 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Their children, Bill and Alice, huddled together, looking scared and lost. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】 When he woke up the next morning, he found his action didn’t go unnoticed by his school. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句和省略了that的宾语从句) 【高分句型3】 But for him, the greatest award was that he had made a difference in others’ lives. (运用了that引导的表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$