精品解析：北京市第五十七中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2024-2025学年高二年级第二学期期中练习 高二英语 2025.04 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My wife and I usually don’t keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But after my diagnosis with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green and ____1____ around us. Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamboo plant. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of ____2____ at a time when I sometimes felt useless because my ability to move was limited. As a physician, I was used to being the one who ____3____ care. Watering the plant ____4____ me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver. However, after several weeks growing in perfect condition, the plant ____5____ began to show signs of stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept ____6____ and dropping to the floor. “I can’t even care for a simple plant!” I yelled. “If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too!” Identifying with the green and growing plant had offered me comfort. But when the tree was struggling, I felt increasingly uneasy and ____7____. It was several months later when I recovered from surgery that I realized I had wrongly linked my careful nurturing of the plant—something over which I had at least some control—with my own ____8____—something over which I had no control. As my ____9____ lessened, I began to study online tutorials to figure out how to care for the tree. I transplanted it to a larger pot, and when it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive (旺盛) again. Now whenever I look at the tree in its new pot, I make a point to relax and think of the things I can ____10____. 1. A. alive B. primitive C. delicate D. mature 2. A. warmth B. relief C. achievement D. security 3. A. valued B. needed C. provided D. lacked 4. A. added B. connected C. adapted D. compared 5. A. casually B. interestingly C. genuinely D. mysteriously 6. A. spreading B. browning C. waving D. dancing 7. A. fearful B. innocent C. faithful D. dishonest 8. A. dream B. success C. capability D. survival 9. A. discontent B. anxiety C. doubt D. sympathy 10. A. give B. share C. decide D. preserve 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A few years ago, Nike decided to create a new uniform that would help athletes to go faster. The aim was ____11____ (reduce) wind resistance. The Swift Suit is made from several different fabrics. Since its creation, many world-class athletes ____12____ (run) in the Swift Suit. The famous athlete Cathy Freeman wore her full-length green and silver suit when she ____13____ (compete) in the 400 metres sprint (短跑) at the Sydney 2000 Olympics and won gold. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access ____14____ a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shop per giving up and walking away, or just buying ____15____ unsuitable item that is not really wanted. In the past two years, Chinese Consumer Association has conducted many studies ____16____ findings show that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The human immune system ____17____ (protect) the body from harmful invaders (入侵) relies on white blood cells. When ____18____ (attack) by viruses, these cells produce antibodies (抗体) to address threats. Then, the body develops long-term immunity. ____19____ this system is powerful, poor nutrition may weaken its effectiveness. Doctors recommend vaccinating children regularly, as vaccines teach the immune system how to recognize dangers. Understanding these biological ____20____ (process) helps us value our body’s amazing defenses. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Translators without Borders (TWB) Community is a nonprofit helping people get important information and be heard, whatever language they speak. By becoming part of the TWB Community, you’ll join over 100,000 people from around the world, and get a chance to make meaningful changes through language. You’ll provide language support to local and global organizations, helping bridge communication gaps between them and people living through a crisis — and beyond. You’ll contribute significantly to making information accessible, inclusive, and useful for people who need that information in their language. As a TWB Community member, you could contribute to a range of language-related projects, including translation, revision, and subtitling. You could help provide information about various topics, such as heath, climate change and so on. When you join us, you’ll immediately get access to our tools and resources, including peer support, so you never feel alone or overwhelmed. Requirements TWB sets some personal and professional standards that we expect all our translators to meet. As a TWB translator, you should: ◆ accept responsibility for the quality of the work you deliver; ◆ show care and respect to source and target cultures; ◆ respect delivery dates and inform us 24 hours in advance if you cannot meet any deadlines; ◆ understand and strictly follow all the regulations of the International Red Cross in your work; ◆ never reassign or share with others any TWB materials content, or information. Rewards TWB Community Recognition Program is our way of thanking our amazing community members. We offer rewards based on the number of points collected. You can request: Rewards Points Needed Confirmation of volunteer work 5,000 Reference letters 15,000 Recommendations on professional platforms 30,000 You will receive points based on different volunteer activities. Your points will keep on increasing with your contributions! The more points you obtain, the higher the rewards. You might lose points if the quality of your translation is poor. If you constantly deliver poor-quality translation, you might be removed from the Program. If you are interested or have questions, please send an email to our official email address for inquiries. 21. What is the main goal of the TWB Community? A. To improve communication through language. B. To offer tools and resources for translators. C. To provide language courses for free. D. To get more community members. 22. A TWB translator should ______. A. share TWB materials with others B. show respect to the cultures involved C. complete the task 24 hours in advance D. have certain work experience in the Red Cross 23. How do translators get points in TWB Community Recognition Program? A. By writing some reference letters. B By asking for more challenging tasks. C. By assigning others various materials. D. By delivering high-quality translation. B I watched the earth get smaller and smaller below me. It all looked very far away, especially given that I was to journey all the way back to the ground with a parachute (降落伞). I looked at the door on the side of the aircraft and thought about why I was there. Today should have been my granny’s 80th birthday. But she passed away from cancer when she was 76. Milestone birthdays were a big deal for my granny. She marked her 50th year by running her first marathon, her 60th year by learning to swim so she could do her first triathlon (铁人三项), and her 70th year by jumping out of a plane. I know she was afraid to jump out of the plane that day, but she wanted to make that jump and met her fear with joy and determination, qualities that defined how she lived through everything — raising my father and my aunt, marathons, triathlons, cancer. I started the day looking at her birthday photos, eagerly wondering what she would do for today. I wanted to transport myself into the plane with her, ask her everything about how she was feeling and why she was there, and hear her answering every question I regret never asking her. Actually, I miss her so much and always find it hard to decide what to do with the big days like her birthdays. Feeling lost in my thoughts, I went for a run but only made it a few blocks before I was hit with an unstoppable thought. “I should’ve gone skydiving today.” It came out of nowhere. But once it was in my head, I couldn’t shake it. I pulled out my phone and searched for “skydiving Oregon”. I clicked on the first result and the first thing I saw was blue text on the bottom corner of the website — “Call for same day appointments”. That is how I found myself high up at the back of a plane. “You can always back out,” my brother reminded me, when I called him on my way to the skydiving place. But I didn’t. Something had kept me going. I just kept seeing my granny, staring out the plane window, smiling wide. And I had been surprised that it wasn’t just fear I was feeling. As I took off, my smile was as wide as my granny’s. The door slid open. Every nerve ending in my body flashed red. I didn’t back out. I wanted to live the day as my granny would have — in a brave, wholehearted way. Today, that meant jumping out of a plane. 24. How did the writer’s granny celebrate her milestone birthdays? A. By making exciting life plans. B. By enjoying family gatherings. C. By conquering new challenges. D. By hosting sports competitions. 25. The writer decided to go skydiving when ______. A. she was looking through her granny’s photos B. she was running around the neighborhood C. she was searching for information online D. she was making a call to her brother 26. How did the writer feel when she was on the plane? A. Fearful but expectant. B. Upset but determined. C. Regretful but curious. D. Hesitant but inspired. 27. What can we learn from the story? A. Home is where the heart is. B. Milestones are the stepping stones to success. C. The greatest memorial is to pass something on. D. The only limits to tomorrow are the doubts of today. C Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes? It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies. Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide” between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people’s lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money. In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a” borderless world”. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results. Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions. 28. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ______. A a lack of confidence in technology B. a waste of limited resources C. a conflict of public opinions D. a slow progress in technology 29. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ______. A. ensure that each child gets financial support B. make their programmes attractive to people C. take people’s essential needs into account D. provide more affordable internet facilities 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays. B. People should be encouraged to make more donations. C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. D. Economic policies should follow technological trends. D According to official government figures, there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them pests(有害动物). Landholding farmers say that the country’s estimated 50 million kangaroos damage their crops and compete with livestock for scarce resources. Australia’s insurance industry says that kangaroos are involved in more than 80 percent of the 20,000-plus vehicle-animal collisions reported each year. In the country’s underpopulated region, the common belief is that kangaroo numbers have swollen to “plague proportions.” In the absence of traditional hunters, the thinking goes, killing kangaroos is critical to balancing the ecology and boosting the rural economy. A government-sanctioned(政府认可的) industry, based on the commercial harvest of kangaroo meat and hides, exported $29 million in products in 2017 and supports about 4,000 jobs. Today meat, hides, and leather from kangaroos have been exported to 56 countries. Global brands such as Nike, Puma, and Adidas buy strong, supple “k-leather” to make athletic gear. And kangaroo meat is finding its way into more and more grocery stores. Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat comes from an animal more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-emitting sheep and cattle. John Kelly, former executive director of the Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia, says, “Harvesting our food and fibers from animals adapted to Australia’s fragile rangelands is extremely wise and sustainable. Many ecologists will tell you that there is no more humane way of producing red meat.” Opponents(反对者) of the industry call the killing inhumane, unsustainable, and unnecessary. Population estimates are highly debatable, they say, but “plague proportions” are biologically implausible. Little kangaroos grow slowly, and many die, so kangaroo populations can expand by only 10 to 15 percent a year, and then only under the best of circumstances. Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “They’ve been walking this land a lot longer than people have,” he says. “How could something that’s been here for thousands of years be ‘destroying’ the country? I don’t understand the logic in that.” Can Australians’ conflicting attitudes toward kangaroos be reconciled(和解)? George Wilson says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers(放牧人)—working independently or through wildlife conservancies—would protect the animals, treating them as possessions. They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunter a fee for access. “If you want to conserve something,” Wilson says, “you have to give it a value. Animals that are considered pests don’t have value.” Privatization could also help reduce grazing pressures. If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, farmers would keep less live-stock, which could be good for the environment. Under this scheme, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation. 31. What can be learnt from the first three paragraphs? A. Kangaroo meat is healthier than other red meat. B. Global brands make small profits on kangaroos. C. Kangaroos are more friendly to the environment. D. Overpopulated kangaroos have become a financial burden. 32. What does the underlined word “implausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Unreasonable. B. Immeasurable. C. Unquestionable. D. Unchangeable. 33. Which of the following might be the benefit of privatization? A. The popularity of kangaroo hunting. B. The reduction in the number of kangaroos. C. The establishment of more conservation areas. D. The better management of the kangaroo industry. 34. The passage is written to ________. A. argue against the killing of kangaroos B. stress the importance of protecting kangaroos C. present different opinions on the kangaroo industry D. provide a solution to the problem caused by kangaroos 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项 My, what a big beak you have! For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____35____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____36____ All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____37____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____38____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. ____39____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A. However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer. B. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. C. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D. It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E. Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat. G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest as important as physical strength or watching the weather. In a single day last week, nearly 40 people reached the top of the world — a record. Reports from base camp spoke of queues at dangerous ridges and crowds as people passed each other in the final dash for the 8,848 meters top. More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. In 1996, 14 died on the mountain when the members of several groups were trapped at high altitudes by sudden snowstorms. Bad weather in early May led to this year’s jam on the summit ridge, but the loss, luckily, was light. Just four climbers died, including a Nepali Sherpa who had made 11 previous successful climbing. Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. This year’s crop of mountaineers included the oldest man, 64-year-old Sherman Bull from Connecticut, and the youngest, 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal. An American with only one arm was on the mountain this year; an Indian with no legs also tried but failed. Erik Weihennieyer, an American, became the first blind person to reach the top of the world. His fellow climbers stayed in front of him on the way up, describing the type of land and ringing bells. Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes. Tumultuous (动乱的) Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the crowd-control measure that Everest needs. 40. According to the author, what skills are important for climbers on Mount Everest? _____________________________________________________ 41. What are traditional mountaineers worried about? _____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. _____________________________________________________ 43 Do you think it is a good idea to limit the number of visitors to a tourist attraction? Why? _____________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是北京红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim正在撰写关于“Tech Frontiers in China”的调查报告，想了解中国近年前沿科技的发展及对人民生活的影响。请你用英语给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二年级第二学期期中练习 高二英语 2025.04 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My wife and I usually don’t keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But after my diagnosis with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green and ____1____ around us. Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamboo plant. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of ____2____ at a time when I sometimes felt useless because my ability to move was limited. As a physician, I was used to being the one who ____3____ care. Watering the plant ____4____ me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver. However, after several weeks growing in perfect condition, the plant ____5____ began to show signs of stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept ____6____ and dropping to the floor. “I can’t even care for a simple plant!” I yelled. “If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too!” Identifying with the green and growing plant had offered me comfort. But when the tree was struggling, I felt increasingly uneasy and ____7____. It was several months later when I recovered from surgery that I realized I had wrongly linked my careful nurturing of the plant—something over which I had at least some control—with my own ____8____—something over which I had no control. As my ____9____ lessened, I began to study online tutorials to figure out how to care for the tree. I transplanted it to a larger pot, and when it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive (旺盛) again. Now whenever I look at the tree in its new pot, I make a point to relax and think of the things I can ____10____. 1. A. alive B. primitive C. delicate D. mature 2. A. warmth B. relief C. achievement D. security 3. A. valued B. needed C. provided D. lacked 4. A. added B. connected C. adapted D. compared 5. A. casually B. interestingly C. genuinely D. mysteriously 6. A. spreading B. browning C. waving D. dancing 7. A. fearful B. innocent C. faithful D. dishonest 8. A. dream B. success C. capability D. survival 9. A. discontent B. anxiety C. doubt D. sympathy 10. A. give B. share C. decide D. preserve 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了得了脑癌之后，作者开始养绿植，结果因为自己的焦虑让叶子开始变黄，作者意识到了自己的错误观念，减轻了焦虑，绿植也恢复了健康。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢我们周围有绿色和有生命的东西的想法。A. alive有生命的，活着的；B. primitive原始的；C. delicate柔和的；D. mature成熟的。根据后文“I loved the idea of having something green and”指绿色有生命的东西，故选A。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，因为我有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用。A. warmth温暖；B. relief安慰；C. achievement成就；D. security安全。根据后文“at a time when I sometimes felt useless because my ability to move was limited”可知，作者有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用，所以照顾这棵植物给了自己一种成就感，故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我已经习惯了提供护理。A. valued重视；B. needed需要；C. provided提供；D. lacked缺少。根据后文“I could still be a caregiver”指提供护理，故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水让我想起了我过去身份的一个核心部分，并让我知道我仍然可以成为一名照顾者。A. added增加；B. connected联系；C. adapted改编；D. compared比较。根据后文“me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver”可知，给植物浇水让作者想起了过去身份的核心部分，connect sb. to表示“将……与联系”。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在完美的条件下生长了几个星期后，植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。A. casually随意地；B. interestingly有趣地；C. genuinely真诚地；D. mysteriously难以理解地，神秘地。根据后文“No matter what I did, the leaves kept”植物开始掉叶子，可知，作者也不知为何植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管我怎么做，叶子还是变黄掉到地上。A. spreading传播；B. browning褐变；C. waving挥舞；D. dancing舞蹈。根据后文“and dropping to the floor”指叶子变黄掉到地上。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当树挣扎时，我感到越来越不安和恐惧。A. fearful害怕的；B. innocent无辜的；C. faithful忠实的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据上文“I felt increasingly uneasy and”可知，树的状态让作者感到不安和害怕。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，当我从手术中恢复过来时，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的精心培育——我至少还能控制的事情——和我自己的生存——我无法控制的事情联系在一起。A. dream梦想；B. success成功；C. capability能力；D. survival幸存。结合上文可知作者得了癌症，所以是生存是无法控制的事情。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习在线教程，弄清楚如何照顾这棵树。A. discontent不满足；B. anxiety焦虑；C. doubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“I realized I had wrongly linked my careful nurturing of the plant”可知，作者明白了其中的道理，焦虑也减轻了。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我看着新花盆里的树，我就会放松下来，想想我能决定的事情。A. give给予；B. share分享；C. decide决定；D. preserve保护。呼应上文“something over which I had at least some control”指作者开始思考自己能够控制决定的事情。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A few years ago, Nike decided to create a new uniform that would help athletes to go faster. The aim was ____11____ (reduce) wind resistance. The Swift Suit is made from several different fabrics. Since its creation, many world-class athletes ____12____ (run) in the Swift Suit. The famous athlete Cathy Freeman wore her full-length green and silver suit when she ____13____ (compete) in the 400 metres sprint (短跑) at the Sydney 2000 Olympics and won gold. 【答案】11. to reduce 12. have run 13. competed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了耐克公司决定设计一种帮助运动员跑得更快的新制服，其目的是减少风的阻力，还列举了运动员的穿着效果。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是减少风的阻力。主语是aim，说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填to reduce。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：自创建以来，许多世界级运动员都穿着Swift Suit跑步。根据时间状语Since its creation可知，此处描述过去动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主谓一致，故填have run。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：著名运动员凯茜·弗里曼在2000年悉尼奥运会400米短跑比赛中身穿绿色和银色的长裙，并获得金牌。根据状语at the Sydney 2000 Olympics可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填competed。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access ____14____ a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people ending in the shop per giving up and walking away, or just buying ____15____ unsuitable item that is not really wanted. In the past two years, Chinese Consumer Association has conducted many studies ____16____ findings show that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. 【答案】14. to 15. an 16. whose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出无尽的选择会让人产生焦虑，让购买日常用品变得不再简单。 【14题详解】 考查介词。句意：轻松获得各种各样的日常用品会让很多人产生无力感，最终导致购物者放弃离开，或者只是买了一件并不真正想要的不合适的商品。“access to…”是固定搭配，意为“使用；接近；可以利用”，在本句中表示“轻松获得日常用品”。故填to。 【15题详解】 考查冠词。句意：轻松获得各种各样的日常用品会让很多人产生无力感，最终导致购物者放弃离开，或者只是买了一件并不真正想要的不合适的商品。可数名词item在句中表示“一件(不合适的)商品”，泛指，且unsuitable是发音以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在过去的两年里，中国消费者协会进行了许多研究，研究结果显示几乎每个家庭购买的许多电器实际上并不是真正需要的。“____ findings show that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词studies，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，修饰名词findings，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The human immune system ____17____ (protect) the body from harmful invaders (入侵) relies on white blood cells. When ____18____ (attack) by viruses, these cells produce antibodies (抗体) to address threats. Then, the body develops long-term immunity. ____19____ this system is powerful, poor nutrition may weaken its effectiveness. Doctors recommend vaccinating children regularly, as vaccines teach the immune system how to recognize dangers. Understanding these biological ____20____ (process) helps us value our body’s amazing defenses. 【答案】17. protecting 18. attacked 19. Although##Though##While 20. processes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人体免疫系统依靠白细胞保护身体免受有害入侵，阐述了其工作原理，还指出营养不足会削弱其功效，医生建议儿童定期接种疫苗。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：保护身体免受有害入侵者侵害的人体免疫系统依赖于白细胞。“____ (protect) the body from harmful invaders”作后置定语，protect(保护)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The human immune system之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填protecting。 【18题详解】 考查状语从句省略。句意：当受到病毒攻击时，这些细胞会产生抗体来应对威胁。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词；“When ____ (attack) by viruses”是时间状语从句，原句为“When these cells are attacked by viruses”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略these cells are后，应保留过去分词attacked。故填attacked。 【19题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然这个系统很强大，但营养不良可能会削弱其有效性。前后句之间是让步关系，可用从属连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：了解这些生物过程有助于我们重视身体惊人的防御能力。可数名词process作宾语，意为“过程”，有these修饰，用复数形式processes。故填processes。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The Translators without Borders (TWB) Community is a nonprofit helping people get important information and be heard, whatever language they speak. By becoming part of the TWB Community, you’ll join over 100,000 people from around the world, and get a chance to make meaningful changes through language. You’ll provide language support to local and global organizations, helping bridge communication gaps between them and people living through a crisis — and beyond. You’ll contribute significantly to making information accessible, inclusive, and useful for people who need that information in their language. As a TWB Community member, you could contribute to a range of language-related projects, including translation, revision, and subtitling. You could help provide information about various topics, such as heath, climate change and so on. When you join us, you’ll immediately get access to our tools and resources, including peer support, so you never feel alone or overwhelmed. Requirements TWB sets some personal and professional standards that we expect all our translators to meet. As a TWB translator, you should: ◆ accept responsibility for the quality of the work you deliver; ◆ show care and respect to source and target cultures; ◆ respect delivery dates and inform us 24 hours in advance if you cannot meet any deadlines; ◆ understand and strictly follow all the regulations of the International Red Cross in your work; ◆ never reassign or share with others any TWB materials, content, or information. Rewards TWB Community Recognition Program is our way of thanking our amazing community members. We offer rewards based on the number of points collected. You can request: Rewards Points Needed Confirmation of volunteer work 5,000 Reference letters 15,000 Recommendations on professional platforms 30,000 You will receive points based on different volunteer activities. Your points will keep on increasing with your contributions! The more points you obtain, the higher the rewards. You might lose points if the quality of your translation is poor. If you constantly deliver poor-quality translation, you might be removed from the Program. If you are interested or have questions, please send an email to our official email address for inquiries. 21. What is the main goal of the TWB Community? A. To improve communication through language. B. To offer tools and resources for translators. C. To provide language courses for free. D. To get more community members. 22. A TWB translator should ______. A. share TWB materials with others B. show respect to the cultures involved C. complete the task 24 hours in advance D. have certain work experience in the Red Cross 23. How do translators get points in TWB Community Recognition Program? A. By writing some reference letters. B. By asking for more challenging tasks. C. By assigning others various materials. D. By delivering high-quality translation. 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了无国界译者社区的相关信息。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The Translators without Borders (TWB) Community is a nonprofit helping people get important information and be heard, whatever language they speak.(无国界译者社区是一个非营利组织，帮助人们获取重要信息并让自己的声音被听到，无论他们说什么语言)”和第二段“You’ll provide language support to local and global organizations, helping bridge communication gaps between them and people living through a crisis — and beyond.(你将为当地和全球组织提供语言支持，帮助弥合它们与正在经历危机及之后的人们之间的沟通鸿沟)”可知，无国界译者社区的主要目标是通过语言改善沟通，帮助人们获取重要信息并让自己的声音被听到。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Requirements部分的“show care and respect to source and target cultures.(对源文化和目标文化表示关心和尊重)”可知，无国界译者社区的译者应该对所涉及的文化表示尊重。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“You will receive points based on different volunteer activities.(你将根据不同的志愿者活动获得积分)”和“You might lose points if the quality of your translation is poor.(如果你的翻译质量很差，你可能会失去积分)”可知，译者通过提供高质量的翻译在无国界译者社区认可计划中获得积分。故选D。 B I watched the earth get smaller and smaller below me. It all looked very far away, especially given that I was to journey all the way back to the ground with a parachute (降落伞). I looked at the door on the side of the aircraft and thought about why I was there. Today should have been my granny’s 80th birthday. But she passed away from cancer when she was 76. Milestone birthdays were a big deal for my granny. She marked her 50th year by running her first marathon, her 60th year by learning to swim so she could do her first triathlon (铁人三项), and her 70th year by jumping out of a plane. I know she was afraid to jump out of the plane that day, but she wanted to make that jump and met her fear with joy and determination, qualities that defined how she lived through everything — raising my father and my aunt, marathons, triathlons, cancer. I started the day looking at her birthday photos, eagerly wondering what she would do for today. I wanted to transport myself into the plane with her, ask her everything about how she was feeling and why she was there, and hear her answering every question I regret never asking her. Actually, I miss her so much and always find it hard to decide what to do with the big days like her birthdays. Feeling lost in my thoughts, I went for a run but only made it a few blocks before I was hit with an unstoppable thought. “I should’ve gone skydiving today.” It came out of nowhere. But once it was in my head, I couldn’t shake it. I pulled out my phone and searched for “skydiving Oregon”. I clicked on the first result and the first thing I saw was blue text on the bottom corner of the website — “Call for same day appointments”. That is how I found myself high up at the back of a plane. “You can always back out,” my brother reminded me, when I called him on my way to the skydiving place. But I didn’t. Something had kept me going. I just kept seeing my granny, staring out the plane window, smiling wide. And I had been surprised that it wasn’t just fear I was feeling. As I took off, my smile was as wide as my granny’s. The door slid open. Every nerve ending in my body flashed red. I didn’t back out. I wanted to live the day as my granny would have — in a brave, wholehearted way. Today, that meant jumping out of a plane. 24. How did the writer’s granny celebrate her milestone birthdays? A. By making exciting life plans. B. By enjoying family gatherings. C. By conquering new challenges. D. By hosting sports competitions. 25. The writer decided to go skydiving when ______. A. she was looking through her granny’s photos B. she was running around the neighborhood C. she was searching for information online D. she was making a call to her brother 26. How did the writer feel when she was on the plane? A. Fearful but expectant. B. Upset but determined. C. Regretful but curious. D. Hesitant but inspired. 27. What can we learn from the story? A. Home is where the heart is. B. Milestones are the stepping stones to success. C. The greatest memorial is to pass something on. D The only limits to tomorrow are the doubts of today. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了纪念祖母，模仿祖母勇敢尝试新事物——跳伞的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“She marked her 50th year by running her first marathon, her 60th year by learning to swim so she could do her first triathlon, and her 70th year by jumping out of a plane.(她以跑第一场马拉松来庆祝50岁生日，以学游泳参加第一场铁人三项来庆祝60岁生日，以从飞机上跳伞来庆祝70岁生日)”可知，作者的祖母是通过征服新的挑战来庆祝她的重要生日的。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Feeling lost in my thoughts, I went for a run but only made it a few blocks before I was hit with an unstoppable thought. ‘I should’ve gone skydiving today’.(思绪纷飞，我出去跑步，但只跑了几个街区，就被一个无法阻挡的想法击中了。‘我今天应该去跳伞’。)”可知，作者决定去跳伞是她正在附近跑步时。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Every nerve ending in my body flashed red.(我身上的每一个神经末梢都在发出红色警报)”可知，作者当时很害怕；根据最后一段倒数第二句“I wanted to live the day as my granny would have — in a brave, wholehearted way.(我想像祖母一样勇敢、全心全意地度过这一天)”可知，作者虽然害怕，但仍然充满期待，想要勇敢地跳伞。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者为了纪念祖母，模仿祖母勇敢尝试新事物——跳伞的故事。作者祖母在50岁、60岁和70岁时都勇敢地挑战了自己，作者也受到了祖母的影响，勇敢地尝试了跳伞。由此可知，作者传承了祖母勇敢的精神，所以我们能从这个故事中学到最好的纪念是传承。故选C。 C Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes? It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people’s opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources. The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies. Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide” between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people’s lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money. In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a” borderless world”. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results. Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions. 28. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ______. A. a lack of confidence in technology B. a waste of limited resources C. a conflict of public opinions D. a slow progress in technology 29. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ______. A. ensure that each child gets financial support B. make their programmes attractive to people C. take people’s essential needs into account D. provide more affordable internet facilities 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays. B. People should be encouraged to make more donations. C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success. D. Economic policies should follow technological trends. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对以互联网为代表的ICT革命的过度迷恋所带来的多方面问题以及了解技术趋势的重要性。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.(然而，它们有实际的影响，因为它们导致了对稀缺资源的错误使用。)”可知，对新技术影响的误解可能造成有限资源的浪费。故选B项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most.(然而，问题是，这是否是发展中国家最需要的。)”可知，第4段的例子表明捐赠者应该考虑到人们的基本需求。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.(然而，我们对最新事物的迷恋，以及我们对已经变得普遍的事物的低估，可能并且已经把我们引向了各种错误方向。)”可知，传统技术在今天仍有一席之地。故选A项。 D According to official government figures, there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them pests(有害动物). Landholding farmers say that the country’s estimated 50 million kangaroos damage their crops and compete with livestock for scarce resources. Australia’s insurance industry says that kangaroos are involved in more than 80 percent of the 20,000-plus vehicle-animal collisions reported each year. In the country’s underpopulated region, the common belief is that kangaroo numbers have swollen to “plague proportions.” In the absence of traditional hunters, the thinking goes, killing kangaroos is critical to balancing the ecology and boosting the rural economy. A government-sanctioned(政府认可的) industry, based on the commercial harvest of kangaroo meat and hides, exported $29 million in products in 2017 and supports about 4,000 jobs. Today meat, hides, and leather from kangaroos have been exported to 56 countries. Global brands such as Nike, Puma, and Adidas buy strong, supple “k-leather” to make athletic gear. And kangaroo meat is finding its way into more and more grocery stores. Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat comes from an animal more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-emitting sheep and cattle. John Kelly, former executive director of the Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia, says, “Harvesting our food and fibers from animals adapted to Australia’s fragile rangelands is extremely wise and sustainable. Many ecologists will tell you that there is no more humane way of producing red meat.” Opponents(反对者) of the industry call the killing inhumane, unsustainable, and unnecessary. Population estimates are highly debatable, they say, but “plague proportions” are biologically implausible. Little kangaroos grow slowly, and many die, so kangaroo populations can expand by only 10 to 15 percent a year, and then only under the best of circumstances. Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “They’ve been walking this land a lot longer than people have,” he says. “How could something that’s been here for thousands of years be ‘destroying’ the country? I don’t understand the logic in that.” Can Australians’ conflicting attitudes toward kangaroos be reconciled(和解)? George Wilson says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers(放牧人)—working independently or through wildlife conservancies—would protect the animals, treating them as possessions. They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunter a fee for access. “If you want to conserve something,” Wilson says, “you have to give it a value. Animals that are considered pests don’t have value.” Privatization could also help reduce grazing pressures. If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, farmers would keep less live-stock, which could be good for the environment. Under this scheme, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation. 31. What can be learnt from the first three paragraphs? A. Kangaroo meat is healthier than other red meat. B. Global brands make small profits on kangaroos. C. Kangaroos are more friendly to the environment. D. Overpopulated kangaroos have become a financial burden. 32. What does the underlined word “implausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Unreasonable. B. Immeasurable. C. Unquestionable. D. Unchangeable. 33. Which of the following might be the benefit of privatization? A. The popularity of kangaroo hunting. B The reduction in the number of kangaroos. C. The establishment of more conservation areas. D. The better management of the kangaroo industry. 34. The passage is written to ________. A. argue against the killing of kangaroos B. stress the importance of protecting kangaroos C. present different opinions on the kangaroo industry D. provide a solution to the problem caused by kangaroos 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是“如何解决袋鼠造成的问题”。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中第一句Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat comes from an animal more environmentally friendly than greenhouse gas-emitting sheep and cattle.“倡导人士指出，低脂肪、高蛋白袋鼠肉来自一种比排放温室气体的绵羊和牛更环保的动物。”可知，袋鼠对环境更友好。故选C。 【32题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中Little kangaroos grow slowly, and many die, so kangaroo populations can expand by only 10 to 15 percent a year, and then only under the best of circumstances.“小袋鼠生长缓慢，很多会死亡，所以袋鼠的数量每年只能增长10%到15%，而且只有在最好的情况下才会增长。”可知，“人口估计非常有争议，但是“瘟疫比例”在生物学上是不可信的。”由此推知划线词的意思是“难以置信的”。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Privatization could also help reduce grazing pressures.“私有化也可以帮助减少放牧的压力。”和Under this scheme, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation.“根据这一计划，土地所有者将与袋鼠产业合作，在品牌、营销和质量控制方面进行合作。政府的作用将是监督和监管。”可知，更好地管理袋鼠产业可能是私有化的好处。故选D。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Under this scheme, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, marketing and quality control. The government’s role would be oversight and regulation.“根据这一计划，土地所有者将与袋鼠产业合作，在品牌、营销和质量控制方面进行合作。政府的作用将是监督和监管。”可知，这篇文章是为解决袋鼠造成的问题而写的。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项 My, what a big beak you have! For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____35____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____36____ All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____37____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____38____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. ____39____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A. However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer. B. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. C. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D. It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E. Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat. G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 【答案】35. C 36. G 37. F 38. A 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。 【35题详解】 根据上文“For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。 【36题详解】 空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. (例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions. (“艾伦法则”是以Joel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.( 喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比如，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。 【38题详解】 根据下文“The team combined data from different species in different places. (她的团队综合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据)”可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通顺合理。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. (随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远)”可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的发展,，且下文中的“That may change”指代选项B中的增长。故选B项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as important as physical strength or watching the weather. In a single day last week, nearly 40 people reached the top of the world — a record. Reports from base camp spoke of queues at dangerous ridges and crowds as people passed each other in the final dash for the 8,848 meters top. More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. In 1996, 14 died on the mountain when the members of several groups were trapped at high altitudes by sudden snowstorms. Bad weather in early May led to this year’s jam on the summit ridge, but the loss, luckily, was light. Just four climbers died, including a Nepali Sherpa who had made 11 previous successful climbing. Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. This year’s crop of mountaineers included the oldest man, 64-year-old Sherman Bull from Connecticut, and the youngest, 16-year-old Temba Tsheri Sherpa of Nepal. An American with only one arm was on the mountain this year; an Indian with no legs also tried but failed. Erik Weihennieyer, an American, became the first blind person to reach the top of the world. His fellow climbers stayed in front of him on the way up, describing the type of land and ringing bells. Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. But a celebration of the 48th anniversary of the first conquest of Everest, by Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, was cancelled after violent strikes. Tumultuous (动乱的) Nepali politics, it seems, could be just the crowd-control measure that Everest needs. 40. According to the author, what skills are important for climbers on Mount Everest? _____________________________________________________ 41. What are traditional mountaineers worried about? _____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ●The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. _____________________________________________________ 43 Do you think it is a good idea to limit the number of visitors to a tourist attraction? Why? _____________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Crowd controls, physical strength and watching the weather. 41. They are worried about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 或They are worried that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. They are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 42. The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. According to the passage, the Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because it views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. 43. Yes, I do. Long queues, limited access, and crowded viewpoints can diminish the enjoyment and create frustration. By controlling the number of visitors, authorities can ensure a more pleasant experience for everyone. Besides, this method can reduce the negative impact on the environment and promote sustainable tourism, allowing for better conservation and management of the site. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了近年来珠穆朗玛峰的登山者越来越多，导致攀登变得更加危险，而且很多登山者关注创造纪录和个人成就，而不是简单的登山，这使得控制人群成了登山者的重要技能。但是尼泊尔政府将珠峰之旅视作经济收益，不太关心过度拥挤的问题。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Crowd control could soon become an important skill for climbers on Mount Everest, as important as physical strength or watching the weather. (人群控制可能很快就会成为珠穆朗玛峰登山者的一项重要技能，就像体力和观察天气一样重要)”可知，在作者看来，攀登珠穆朗玛峰重要的技能是人群控制、体力和观察天气。故答案为：Crowd controls, physical strength and watching the weather. 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“More traditional mountaineers have been concerned about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and there are warnings that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. (近年来，更传统的登山者一直担心珠穆朗玛峰周围乱哄哄的人群气氛，有人警告说，人群正在使这座山变得更加危险)”和第三段中“Traditionalists are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. (传统派还担心，越来越多的登山者倾向于创造记录和实现“第一”，而不是简单地登山)”可知，传统的登山者担心两个问题，一是近年来珠穆朗玛峰周围乱哄哄的人群气氛，或者说人群会让这座山变得更加危险，二是登山者越来越倾向于创造记录和实现“第一”，而不是简单地攀登这座山。故答案为：They are worried about the circus atmosphere surrounding Everest in recent years, and the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain.或They are worried that the crowds are making the mountain more dangerous. They are also worried about the growing tendency of climbers to set records and achieve “firsts”, rather than simply climb the mountain. 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Nepal views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. The government charges journeys a minimum of $70,000. That is probably why officials in Katmandu are ignoring concerns about overcrowding and talking about even more climbers coming next year. (尼泊尔视珠穆朗玛峰为摇钱树。政府对旅行收费最低为7万美元。这可能就是为什么加德满都的官员无视对过度拥挤的担忧，谈论明年会有更多的登山者到来)”可知，尼泊尔政府不太关心过度拥挤的问题的原因不是国内政局动荡，而是它将珠穆朗玛峰视为一棵摇钱树。故答案为：The Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because of its internal tumultuous politics. According to the passage, the Nepal government cares little about the overcrowding problem because it views Mount Everest as something of a cash cow. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。本题的答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，可以认为限制旅游景点的游客人数是个好主意，因为排长队、通道有限和观景点拥挤会减少乐趣并产生失落感。通过控制游客数量，有关当局可以确保每个人都有更愉快的体验。此外，这种方法可以减少对环境的负面影响，促进旅游业的可持续发展，从而更好地保护和管理景点。故答案为：Yes, I do. Long queues, limited access, and crowded viewpoints can diminish the enjoyment and create frustration. By controlling the number of visitors, authorities can ensure a more pleasant experience for everyone. Besides, this method can reduce the negative impact on the environment and promote sustainable tourism, allowing for better conservation and management of the site. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是北京红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim正在撰写关于“Tech Frontiers in China”的调查报告，想了解中国近年前沿科技的发展及对人民生活的影响。请你用英语给他写一封邮件介绍相关情况。 注意：1．词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear that you’re working on a report about ‌“Tech Frontiers in China”. In recent years, China has made remarkable progress in tech frontiers like 5G and artificial intelligence. 5G technology has brought super-fast internet, enabling seamless video calls and real time data transfer. AI is widely used in daily life, such as smart home devices that can be controlled via voice commands, making our lives more convenient. These technological advancements have deeply influenced people’s lives, enhancing efficiency and comfort. Hope this information helps with your report. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以北京红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给外国好友Jim写一封邮件，介绍中国近年前沿科技的发展及对人民生活的影响。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad → pleased/happy 显著的：remarkable → outstanding/noticeable 广泛地：widely → extensively/broadly 提高，增强：enhance → improve/boost 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：5G technology has brought super-fast internet, enabling seamless video calls and real time data transfer. 拓展句：5G technology, which is a revolutionary advancement, has brought super-fast internet that enables seamless video calls and real time data transfer. 【点睛】[高分句型1] 5G technology has brought super-fast internet, enabling seamless video calls and real time data transfer. (运用了现在分词作结果状语) [高分句型2] AI is widely used in daily life, such as smart home devices that can be controlled via voice commands, making our lives more convenient. (运用了关系代词that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] These technological advancements have deeply influenced people’s lives, enhancing efficiency and comfort. (运用了现在分词作伴随状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$