Unit 5 Humans and Nature Lesson 3 Race to the pole课件-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册

English Lesson 3 1 1. preparation n. 准备，预备 prepare v. 准备(1)常见搭配①make preparations for... 为......做准备②prepare for... 为......做准备(强调动作)(2)完成句子①他们需要做什么准备？(preparation)_______________________________________②老师在准备考试，而全班同学都在努力学习为考试做准备。 The teacher is _________(prepare) the exam, while the whole class are working hard _________ ______ __________ it. What preparations do they need to make? preparing to prepare for 2. base n.&vt. 基地，大本营，基础 & 以......为基地，以......为基础 basic adj. 基本的，根本的 basically adv. 基本上，从根本上说 (1)常见搭配 ①be based on/upon... 以......为根据/基础 (2)单句语法填空 ①Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food _____(base). ②The movie which _____________(base) on the students’ real life is said to be fantastic. bases is based 3. anxiously adv. 焦虑地，不安地 anxiety n. 担心，焦虑，渴望 anxious adj. 焦虑的，担心的，不安的，渴望的，急切的 (1)常用搭配 ①be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事 ②be anxious for sb./about sth. 对某人/某物感到担心/忧虑 ③with anxiety 焦虑地 out of anxiety 由于焦虑 (2)完成句子 ①Scott和Amundsen 焦急地等待着春天的到来。(anxiously) ___________________________________________ ②那家公司急于提升形象。(be anxious to do ) _________________________________________ ③看着他攀爬悬崖，大家都屏住呼吸，焦虑不已。(with anxiety) ________________________________________________________________ Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring. The company is anxious to improve its image. Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was breathless with anxiety. 4. prove vt. 证明，证实 proof n. 证明，证据 (1)常用搭配 ①It’s proved that... 已经证明...... ②prove oneself (to be) sth. 证明自己是(某一类人) ③prove to be... 证实是...... ④There’s (no) proof that... (没)有证据证明...... (2)单句语法填空 ①Later, these rocks _________(prove) that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. ②He proved _________(he) to be an amusing companion. proved himself 5. distant adj. 遥远的，久远的，疏远的 distance n. 距离，间距 (1)常用搭配 ①distant from... 与.......距离远，与......不同 ②keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持距离 ③in the distance 在远方 (2)完成句子 ①He is a __________(distance) relative of mine. ②Their life seemed utterly distant _____________ his own. distant from Unit5 Lesson3 make preparations for prepare for 为...做准备 break down 出故障 be based on 以...为基础 carry on 继续 break常用短语 短语 意思 break away (from) 离开，脱离 break into 强行闯入，进入，突然......起来 break in 闯入，插话 break off 中断，折断，断绝 break out (不愉快之事)爆发 break through 突破，冲破 break up (关系等)破裂，分解 break down (机器、车辆等)出故障，停止运转，身体垮掉，消除，失败 7. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. 后来，通过这些石块可以证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。 (1)句子剖析 ①短语提炼 in the distant past 在遥远的过去 at one time 曾经有一个时期，一度 be covered by... 被......覆盖 翻译(中翻英)： 他曾一度和叔叔住在一起。________________________________ At one time he lived with his uncle. 英语中常见的构词法有派生法、合成法、转化法和缩写/简写。 后缀 (Suffixes in English) 10 ● cheerful /ˈtʃɪ ə fəl/ adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的● cheerless adj. 乏味的 ● useful useless ● careful careless ● hopeful hopless ● helpful helpless● cheering adj. 令人开心的● cheer v. 使...开心 ● prove /p ruː v/ vt.证明；证实● distant /ˈdɪ s tən t/ adj.久远的；遥远的● in the distance 在远方 by distance learning 通过远程学习 ● continent /ˈkɒn tɪ nən t/ n.洲，大洲；大陆● The continent of Antarctica 南极大陆● honesty /ˈɒ nə s ti/ n.坦诚；诚实，正直● to be honest/honestly speaking 老实说● Honesty is the best policy. ● 诚实为上策。 ● sincerity /sɪn 'se rə ti/ n.真诚，真挚，诚实● sincere adj. 真诚的● sincerely adv.真诚地 ● bravery /ˈb reɪ və ri/ n.勇气；勇敢的行为● brave adj. 勇敢的● discover v.发现 discovery n.● recover v. 恢复 recovery n. 知识点 1. preparation in preparation for.…为……做准备 be in preparation在准备中 ◆Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and meaningful college experience,学生在考虑上哪所大学之前，应该对大学有一个 正确的态度，而且为拥有一个健康而有意义的大学体验做必要的准备永远不会太 早。（北京高考） ◆We have made preparations to move to new ofices。我们已准备好要搬到新办公室。 ◆The team has been training hard in preparation for the big game。为备战这场重要的比 赛，这支队伍一直在严格训练。 ◆The third book in the series is currently in preparation.丛书的第三册现在正准备 出版。 2. break down (1)（机器或车辆）出故障，坏掉。为不及物动词短语。 ◆Cars of this brand are often very reliable.You can rarely see them break down on roads. 这种牌子的汽车性能通常很稳定。你很少看到它们在路上抛锚。 (2)(讨论、谈判等)失败。为不及物动词短语。 ◆The news report said peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.据新闻报道，两国的和平谈判失败了，没有达成任何协议。 (3)(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，被搞垮。既可作及物动词短语，也可作不及物动词 短语。 ◆His health broke down under the pressure of work.他因工作压力身体垮掉了。 (4)使分解（为），使变化（成）。为及物动词短语。 ◆Food is broken down in the stomach.食物在胃里被分解。 3. ambition n.[U]雄心，野心，抱负；[C]追求的目标，夙愿 be full of ambition雄心勃勃 have an ambition to do sth.有做某事的愿望 achieve/realize one's ambition实现某人的抱负 ◆Nothing could stop him from achieving his ambition.没有什么能阻止他实现他的 抱负。 ◆Ambition never dies until there is no way out.[谚]不到黄河心不死。 ◆Tom is a young man who is full of ambition.汤姆是一个雄心勃勃的年轻人。 ◆She has an ambition to become a famous writer.她有成为一位著名作家的愿望。 4. condition (1)n.[pl.]物质环境；环境，[C]条款，条件 living/housing/working conditions生活/住房/工作条件 on/under no condition决不（位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装结构） on condition that.…在……条件下，假如…… ◆The weather conditions during the first half of the match were terrible.比赛上半场的天 气情况很糟糕。 (2)n.[U,sing.]状况，状态；健康状况 in good condition健康；处于良好的状态 in bad/poor condition=out of condition健康状况 不佳；处于糟糕的状态 ◆Although this is a used car,it is in good condition.虽然这是辆二手车，但它的车况 良好。 5.cheerful (1)adj.快乐的，高兴的 ◆Tom is a cheerful and hard-working employee.汤姆是个快乐并勤奋工作的员工。 (2)adj.令人愉快的 ◆The nursery is bright and cheerful,with plenty of toys.该托儿所明亮宜人，有许多 玩具。 6. prove (1)vt.证明，证实 prove sth.to sb.向某人证明 … prove (to sb.) that.…(向某人)证明… prove sb./sth./oneself(tobe)+n./adj.向人证明是 ◆Galileo proved that the Earth and all the other planets move around the sun.伽利略证实 地球和所有其他的行星都是围绕太阳运转的。 (2)linking verb后来被发现是，最终显现为（相当于turn out,不用于被动语态） ◆The task proved(tobe)much more difficult than we'd thought.这项任务原来比我们 预想的难得多。 ◆The promotion proved to be a turning point in his eareer,这次晋升最后证明是他职业 生涯的一个转折点。 7. distant (1)ad遥远的，远处的，久远的 be(+距离)distant from..离…（有…）远 ◆The sun is distant from the Earth.太阳距离地球很远。 ◆The school is three kilometres distant from the nearest station.这所学校距离最近的车 站三千米远。 ◆The time we spent together is now a distant memory.我们一起度过的时光现在已是久 远的回忆。 (2)adj.不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的 Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.从电话里听起来帕特非常冷淡和 疏远。 (3)adj.远房的，远亲的（只用于名词前） ◆A distant relative is not as good as a near neighbour,远亲不如近邻。 8. carry on (1)继续移动 ◆Carry on until you get to the traffic lights,and then turn left.继续往前走到交通信号 灯处，然后往左转。 (2)继续做，坚持干（可单独使用）。 carry on(with)sth.继续做某事 carry on doing sth.继续做某事；不停地做某事 ◆Her words have given him the courage to carry on with his life and work.她的话给了他 继续生活和工作的勇气。 ◆You'll have an accident if you carry on driving like that.你如果继续那样开车的话，会 出事故的。 ◆Sorry,I interrupted you.Please carry on.很抱歉我打断了你，请继续。 $$