2.题型一 任务型阅读 类型2 其他型-【加速度中考·优题库】2025年陕西中考英语真题分类卷

67　 类型 2　 其他型 主题群 1　 人与自我·生活与学习 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了几种让自 己变得更好的方法。 1. E　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,本段介绍要试 着接受自己。 故选项 E“试着接受自己。”符合本段 主题。 2. D　 【解析】根据第三段内容可知,本段介绍要终身学 习。 故选项 D“永远不要停止学习。”符合本段主题。 3. F　 【解析】根据第四段内容可知,本段介绍要不断练 习所学过的内容。 故选项 F“熟能生巧。”符合本段 主题。 4. B　 【解析】根据第五段最后一句可知,本段介绍困境 中要保持微笑。 故选项 B“微笑面对你的生活。”符合 本段主题。 5. A　 【解析】根据第六段最后三句可知,本段介绍要相 信自己。 故选项 A“相信自己。”符合本段主题。 6. ways / rules / ideas　 【解析】根据第一段内容可知,文章 介绍了如何让自己变得更好的方法 /规则 /想法。 7. old / late　 【解析】根据第三段最后一句可知,活到老, 学到老 /学习永远不会太迟。 8. practice　 【解析】根据第四段最后一句可知,要尝试 新事物并且不断练习。 9. when / if / whenever　 【解析】根据第五段最后一句可 知,当 /如果 /无论何时你遇到麻烦,要始终保持微笑。 10. in　 【解析】根据第六段最后三句可知,要相信自己。 主题群 2　 人与自我·做人与做事 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。 主要讲述了来自松原 的送餐员陈建国的故事。 1. worker　 【解析】句意:每个　 　 来北京都有他们自己 的原因。 根据句意及音标可知,该单词是 worker“工 人”,Every 后跟单数名词。 2. was asked　 【解析】句意:但是他的父亲让他代替自己 在油田当卡车司机。 根据句意及题干可知,原句中的 宾语变成了主语,所以此处用被动语态,be asked to do sth. 被要求做某事,为固定搭配,时态是一般过去时, he 作主语,be 动词用 was。 3. let　 【解析】句意:虽然陈建国不喜欢这份工作,但他 不想让父亲　 　 ,他接受了卡车司机的工作。 根据句 意及首字母可知,应是不想让父亲失望,let sb. down 让某人失望,为固定搭配。 4. Most of the time I had nothing to do. / I had nothing to do most of the time. 　 【解析】根据标点和所给单词可知, 本句是一个陈述句,主语是 I,谓语动词是 had,nothing 是宾语,to do 是不定式作后置定语,most of the time 是 状语,可放在句首也可放在句末。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 68　 5. Agree　 【解析】根据题干可知,表示和某人有相同意 见的单词应是 agree“同意”。 6. He works (for) 15 / fifteen hours every / each day. 　 【解 析】描述客观事实,时态是一般现在时,he 作主语,谓 语动词用第三人称单数形式。 7. Because he / Chen plans / wants to start his own restaurant in the future. / To ( plan to) start his own restaurant in the future. / 􀆺　 【解析】根据最后一段可知,他了解每 个人的口味是因为他计划将来开一家自己的餐厅。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通过讲述儿时种 庄稼、干农活的经历,表达了对春天的热爱。 1. Spring　 【解析】根据第一段第二句可知,春天是种植 庄稼的最好季节。 句首单词首字母需大写。 2. get nothing in autumn　 【解析】根据第一段第三句可 知,如果你在春天不努力,秋天你将一无所获。 3. planting beans; I felt the magic of life in spring. 　 【解 析】根据第三段可知,作者在种豆子的过程中感受到 农活也是团队合作。 根据第四段可知,作者在给种子 浇水、照顾它们的过程中感受到了春天里生命的 魔力。 4. We should cherish and make full use of the valuable time in spring. 　 【解析】画线句子 “ compete with time in spring”意为“在春天里争分夺秒”,意思是让我们珍惜 并利用好春天的时间。 言之有理即可。 主题群 3　 人与社会·文学、艺术与体育 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了“城市漫 步”这一新型旅游方式,对比了它与传统旅行的不同之 处以及它的好处。 1. Citywalk aims to avoid famous tourist spots and large crowds to get a better experience. 　 【解析】根据第一段 第二句可知,与传统旅游不同,城市漫步的目的是避 开著名的旅游景点和人群,以获得更好的体验。 2. 许多年轻人到一个新城市时,喜欢和几个好朋友聚在 一起,在街上闲逛。 3. To provide experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums. ”　 【解析】根据第三段第二句可知,分享城 市漫步路线是为了给游客提供在“露天博物馆”漫步 的体验。 4. Its purpose is to develop cultural tourism and relaxing tours. 　 【解析】根据第四段第二句可知,把城市漫步 列入计划中是为了发展文化旅游和休闲旅游。 5. The benefits of Citywalk. 　 【解析】通读第五段内容可 知,此段主要介绍了城市漫步的好处。 主题群 4　 人与社会·科学与技术 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了三种动植 物及其仿生学应用。 1. animals and plants in nature　 【解析】根据第一段第二 句可知,我们人类从自然界的动植物身上学到了很多 东西。 2. their arms and legs　 【解析】根据第二段第二句可知, 当它们跳跃时,它们张开胳膊和腿,帮助它们轻松地 飞下来。 3. It will change into a ball. 　 【解析】根据第三段第三句 可知,当犰狳感觉到自己处于危险之中时,它会变成 一个球。 4. Velcro is used on everything from handbags to clothes. 　 【解析】根据第四段第五句可知,尼龙搭扣被用于从 手提包到衣服的所有东西上。 5. ①They have special structures. ②They help people to create helpful products. 　 【解析】根据第二段第一句、 第三段第一句及第四段倒数第二句可知,它们都具有 特殊的结构;根据第二段最后两句、第三段倒数第二 句及第四段前两句及倒数第三句可知,它们都帮助人 们创造出了有用的产品。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了人类预测 天气的历史。 1. science　 【解析】根据第五段第一句可知,在预测天气 方面人们从以前靠经验到现在的利用科学。 2. farming　 【解析】根据第三段可知,二十四节气可以指 导农民农作。 空前有介词 in,此处应填动名词形式。 3. partly　 【解析】根据第四段可知,几个世纪以来,人们 用很多方法来预测天气,有部分是有科学依据的。 partly“部分地”,应填副词修饰空后形容词。 4. use　 【解析】根据第五段第一句可知,电报的发明标 志着现代科学在预测天气中的使用,use“使用”。 空 前有定冠词 the,此处应填名词。 5. process　 【解析】根据最后一段第一句可知,超级计算 机可以以非常快的速度从世界上获取并处理数据来 计算天气。 情态动词 can 后接动词原形。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了眼镜的 发展。 1. in Italy　 【解析】根据第一段第三句可知,第一副可佩 戴的眼镜出现在 13 世纪的意大利。 2. became more popular　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可 知,眼镜也在这个时候变得更加普遍,可能是因为阅 读变得更加流行。 3. the eye test　 【解析】根据第三段第四句可知,眼科医 生可以根据视力测试知道人们是否需要一副眼镜。 4. personal style　 【解析】根据最后一段最后一句可知, 如今,人们戴着不同种类的时尚眼镜来展示他们的个 人风格。 5. the development of glasses　 【解析】通读全文可知,本 文主要按照时间顺序介绍了眼镜的发展。 主题群 5　 人与自然·自然生态 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。 主要讲述了一只熊回 家途中从桥上坠落,最终被成功营救的故事。 1. on; trouble / need / danger　 【解析】根据设空所在句可 知,(A)处是 on her way“在她……的路上”;(B)处指 熊联盟是一个帮助陷入困境需要援助的熊的组织,in trouble / need / danger 符合。 2. C　 【解析】根据第四段第一句可知,天色渐渐暗了下 来,所以救熊的工人们不得不等待,这是不幸运的事。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 3. the net　 【解析】根据画线单词所在句可知,他们应该 在熊下面挂一个网,把她推进去,然后把她放到地上。 此处 it 指的是“网”。 4. ②　 【解析】题干给出句子的句意:然后,布鲁克斯向 熊的肩膀注射了一剂安眠药。 由此可推知,注射安眠 药后,熊睡着了,②处符合语境。 5. Yes, I do. Because animals are our friends, we should protect them. 或 No, I don􀆳t. / I don􀆳t think so. Because saving the bear is too dangerous. 　 【解析】本题属于开 放性试题,答案不唯一,言之有理即可。 主题群 6　 人与自然·灾害防范 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了暴风雨对 人生活的影响。 1. can happen　 【解析】根据第一段第二句可知,有暴风 雨的时候会发生很多事情。 2. is dark　 【解析】根据第二段第一句可知,当所有的灯 都熄灭时,你的房子是黑暗的。 3. see well　 【解析】根据第二段最后一句可知,走路很 困难,因为你看不清楚。 4. goes away　 【解析】根据第三段前两句可知,当所有的 灯都熄灭时,你可以等到暴风雨过去,然后灯就会重 新亮起来。 5. a good idea　 【解析】根据第四段第一句可知,为了使 事情变得更好,让黑暗变得有趣是个好主意。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 92　 类型 2　 其他型 主题群 1　 人与自我·生活与学习 子主题 1　 恰当的学习方法与策略 Passage[2024 吉林] It might be difficult to make yourself better. If you try the following ways, they may help you. 　 1 　 You can􀆳t decide what you look like, but you can decide what you want to be. So accept yourself, and then anything will be possible. 　 2　 Learning is a lifelong journey. No matter how old you are, there will always be lessons in front of you. As the saying goes, “ It􀆳s never too old to learn. ” 　 3　 Good learners keep practicing what they have learned. Try new things and practice them over and over again to make yourself better and better. 　 4　 Life is like a mirror. If you smile at it, it will smile back at you. There is a lot of trouble in your life. Keep smiling when you are in trouble. 　 5　 Maybe you don􀆳t dare to take part in school activities. That􀆳s because you don􀆳t believe in yourself. But actually you are great. Just have a try. (A)根据短文内容,从方框中选出每段的主旨大意,其中有一个选项 是多余的。 A. Trust yourself. B. Smile at your life. C. Talk with others. D. Never stop learning. E. Try to accept yourself. F. Practice makes perfect. (B)根据短文内容,补全下面的思维导图,每空一词。 主题群 2　 人与自我·做人与做事 子主题 2　 自我认识,自我管理,自我提升 Passage 1[2024 绥化] 根据短文内容,完成下列各题。 “ Every 　 　 　 　 / wзːk􀱸 / coming to Beijing has their own reasons. No one lives here without a dream,” said Chen Jianguo, a food deliveryman (送餐员) from a small city called Songyuan. Chen Jianguo dreamed of having his own business in Beijing about 16 years ago when he graduated from senior high school. (A) But his father asked him to take his place as a truck driver at the oil field. Although Chen disliked the job, he didn􀆳t want to l 　 　 　 　 his father down. He took the job as a truck driver, and then he got married and had a son. “ I got quite good pay, but life was boring there during those years. (B) time, had, of, do, the, I, to, nothing, most, because the trucks were not often used,” said Chen. Two months ago, Chen decided to give up his job and come to Beijing. His wife agreed that he should go for his dream. Chen has been a food deliveryman for a month. (C)他每天工作 15 小时 and hardly has time for lunch at noon. Chen spends only 10 yuan on each meal to cut the cost of living in Beijing. “I want to give a better life to my wife and little son,” he said. “I must work harder and try to become the best food deliveryman at my station. ” Chen likes his job because he can meet many different people. Every “ thank you” from a customer is like praise for his work. Chen plans to start his own restaurant in the future, therefore he always writes down what food people have ordered. In this way, he gets a better knowledge of people􀆳s tastes. 1. 根据读音完成单词 　 　 　 　 2. 写出(A)处画线句子的同义句。 But he 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to take his father􀆳s place as a truck driver at the oil field. 3. 根据句意及首字母补全单词 l 　 　 　 　 4. 将(B)处画线部分组合成完整的句子。 　 5. 请在文中找出与下面英文释义相符的单词。 　 　 　 　 : to have the same opinion as somebody. 6. 将(C)处划线句子翻译成英语。 　 7. Why does Chen want to get a better knowledge of people􀆳s tastes? 　 子主题 3　 劳动实践 Passage 2[2024 湖北] 阅读短文,用英文填空或回答问题。 (注意每小题的词数要求) Born in a small village, I saw how busy farmers were in spring, and what the season meant to them. Spring is a time when the land wakes up from its long sleep, and the fields are ready for crops. If you are lazy in spring, you will get nothing in autumn. So, farmers seem to compete with time in spring. When I was a little girl, every weekend I was busy planting crops. Whatever it was, I had fun and learned a lot. For example, when we planted potatoes, we needed to cut the sprouted (发芽的) potatoes into pieces and make sure every piece of “ seed” (种子) had one or two sprouts. It was really like a math game. Farm work is also teamwork. That􀆳s why every spring field is busy with people of all ages working in it. While planting beans, my father dug small holes, and I carefully put some seeds into each hole. The work was hard and boring, but when we worked together, it seemed easier and more interesting. I felt the magic of life in spring as well. In a few weeks, the seeds sprouted, encouraging us to care for them by watering and so on. As time went by, they grew into healthy plants. Because of these wonderful childhood experiences, I hold such a special feeling for spring. 1. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 is the best season to plant crops. (仅填 1 词) 2. If you don􀆳t work hard in spring, you will 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . (不超 过 5 词) 3. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Spring Planting Ideas or Feelings Farm work I had fun and learned a lot. planting potatoes Farm work is also teamwork. 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (不超过 5 词) 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (不超过 8 词) caring for seeds and watching their growth 4. What􀆳s your understanding of “compete with time in spring”? Use your own words. 　 　 (结合自身实际,不超过 20 词) 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 93　 主题群 3　 人与社会·文学、艺术与体育 子主题 4　 文化价值 Passage[2024 烟台] 阅读下面短文,完成短文后的问题。 Citywalk is becoming a new travel fashion for the youth in China who are exploring cultural spots (景点). Unlike traditional travel, it aims to avoid famous tourist spots and large crowds to get a better experience. Many young people enjoy gathering a couple of good friends and hanging out in the streets when they visit a new city. They can follow a typical city route (路线), exploring old buildings, going window- shopping, drinking a cup of coffee, or enjoying local snacks. In order to show their Citywalk, more and more people prefer to share their experiences and thoughts through social media (媒体). Xiao Yiyi, a young guide in Changsha, recently shared six Citywalk routes of different cities on the Internet, providing experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”. Her Changsha travel route includes more unusual sights such as historical buildings, old streets, and even some snack bars. Citywalk is spreading from the largest cities to smaller ones, encouraging more travelers and event organizers to join. Some places, such as Beijing and Shandong, have included Citywalk in their plans to develop cultural tourism and relaxing tours. Shanghai has set up Citywalk bus routes to help day-trippers reach more faraway areas first, and then continue on foot. Citywalk not only offers a way for young people to explore a city but also provides them with a new social situation, where they can share their interests and ideas and make friends easily. What􀆳s more, Citywalk provides an opportunity for tour guides and travel companies to offer a more professional service to meet the ever-changing market requirements. 1. How is Citywalk different from traditional travel? 　 　 2. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 　 　 3. Why did Xiao Yiyi share some Citywalk routes online? 　 　 4. For what purpose did Shandong include Citywalk in its plans? 　 　 5. What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us? (no more than 6 words) 　 　 主题群 4　 人与社会·科学与技术 子主题 5　 科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新 Passage 1 仿生学 [2024 河北] Nature has many ways to solve problems. We humans learn a lot from animals and plants in nature. There is a science about how we copy great ideas from animals and plants to create helpful products. It is called biomimetics (仿生学) . Some animals such as this sugar glider have wing-like structures (结构) to help them fly from tree to tree. When they jump, they spread out their arms and legs to help them fly down easily. Wing- suits, a kind of clothes, can let people experience flying. The idea of these clothes comes from the sugar glider. Some animals have structures used for self- protection. An armadillo has a hard cover that can protect it from other dangerous animals. When an armadillo feels that it is in danger, it will change into a ball. Once the dangerous animal goes away, it comes out of the ball. The armadillo has taught people to create a backpack with a hard surface. The surface of the backpack protects things inside from being broken. Plants have helped people come up with amazing inventions, too. Perhaps the best-known example is Velcro (尼龙搭扣) . It includes two pieces of cloth. They stick to each other when they are pressed together. Velcro is used on everything from handbags to clothes. The idea of Velcro is from burrs (带芒刺的小果实) of a plant. They have special structures to allow themselves to stick to people􀆳s clothing or hair. They are taken to other places in this way. From these examples, we can see biomimetics is widely used in our daily life. What other problems will nature help us solve in the future? Let􀆳s wait and see! 1、 2 题完成句子; 3 ~ 5 题简略回答问题。 1. We humans learn a lot from 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 2. The sugar gliders spread out 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 to help them fly down easily. 3. What will an armadillo do if it feels that it is in danger? 　 　 4. Where is Velcro used? 　 　 5. What do the kind of plant and two kinds of animals in the text have in common? (依据短文内容从两个不同的方面回答) 　 　 Passage 2[2024 成都] 根据短文内容,完成图表中所缺信息。 Humans have long tried to predict (预测) the weather. From the hunters of ancient times to today􀆳s pilots, predicting rain or shine can shape people􀆳s life and make a difference. In 650 BC, the Babylonians tried to predict the weather based on the appearance of clouds. Around 340 BC, Aristotle, a famous Greek thinker and scientist, wrote Meteorologica. It introduced the types of weather, such as rain, cloud and lightning. Aristotle believed that there was water, air and fire around the Earth. It was almost 2,000 years before his ideas were replaced by new ones. By 300 BC in China, a calendar divided the year into 24 festivals gradually, each festival related to a type of weather, like the Rain Water (the start of the spring rains), the Waking of Insects (the spring thunder awakens sleeping insects) and so on. That was useful for farmers to plan when to plant and harvest (收获). People used lots of ways to predict the weather over the centuries. You might have heard the expressions like “Red sky at night, sailor􀆳s delight”, which suggests a red sky in the evening is followed by good weather. This has a basis in science, as does telling wind direction through smoke from the fire. On the other hand, some thought that if sheep crowded together, it meant rain. But there isn􀆳t any science behind it. The science of weather prediction really took off in the 1830s with the invention of the telegraph. It sent messages over hundreds of thousands of miles, so weather maps were drawn up and storm systems were studied. The next big step came in the 1920s with the invention of the “ radiosonde”, a balloon carrying weather instruments high above the ground to collect information. Experts took the information and built a picture of the weather over the following few days. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 94　 Today, supercomputers are used to take data (数据) from the world and process it very fast to work out the weather. For example, they once helped predict where Hurricane Lee, which hit the US and Canada, would land nine days in advance (提前). 《例析与指导》典题 Passage 3 Now, glasses have become a daily necessity for some of us. So, what do you know about them? No one knows who made the first wearable pair of glasses, but experts do know that they were made in the 13th century and showed up in Italy. Early glasses were like magnifying glasses (放大镜). And most of them weren􀆳t even made of glass! Instead, many early eyeglasses contained quartz ( 石 英 ). That􀆳s because most glass at that time was not clear, so it wouldn􀆳t have worked well for eyeglasses. Eyeglasses didn􀆳t look much like modern glasses until the 1700s. That􀆳s when people added glasses temples (镜腿) to hold glasses on their faces. Glasses also became much more common around this time, probably because reading became more popular. People didn􀆳t start seeing eye doctors for glasses until the 1800s. At that time, they just tried on different pairs of glasses until they found one that made their eyesight better. Eye doctors changed that. They gave an eye test for people to tell whether or not they needed a pair of glasses. Different kinds of glasses have also appeared. Sunglasses are about as old as eyeglasses. People in China started wearing sunglasses in the 12th century. These early sunglasses were also made of quartz. Today, many people also like to wear contact lenses (隐形眼镜), which were invented by a German in 1887. The first contact lenses were very uncomfortable. Luckily, today􀆳s lenses are softer and can be worn all day. However, you should always take your contact lenses out at night. Some people even like to wear glasses with no lenses. Called fashion glasses, they come in many shapes and sizes to fit anyone􀆳s personal style. 1. The first wearable pair of glasses appeared 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 in the 13th century. 2. Glasses became much more common perhaps because reading 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 3. Eye doctors could know whether people needed a pair of glasses according to 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 4. Nowadays, people wear different kinds of fashion glasses to show their 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 5. The passage mainly talks about 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 . 主题群 5　 人与自然·自然生态 子主题 6　 热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生 Passage[2024 齐齐哈尔] It􀆳s unbelievable to save this black bear from falling off a 30-meter- high bridge. The bear was (A) 　 　 　 　 her way home after a long day in a California􀆳s mountain. She was walking across the bridge when, suddenly, two cars entered from both sides. There was nowhere to run, so the frightened bear jumped onto the rail (护栏) and began to fall down. Luckily, the bear pulled herself onto an arch under the bridge, but she couldn􀆳t get out. A driver saw the surprising scene and called for help. Robert Brooks, an animal control officer from a nearby town, was sent to find out the truth. “I thought it was a joke,” he said. But it wasn􀆳t a joke, so he called Dave Baker of the BEAR League, a group that helps bears in (B) 　 　 　 　 . (C) Unfortunately, the sky was getting dark, so the workers who saved the bear had to wait. Early the next morning, Brooks and Baker returned to the bridge with more volunteers. To their surprise, the bear was still there. Then Baker had an idea. ①They should hang a net under the bear, push her into (D) it and then lower her to the ground. Police officers closed the road. ②When the bear was sleepy, a volunteer rock climber used his feet to push the bear off the arch, right into the middle of the net. ③When the bear was gently lowered to the ground, everyone cheered. The police officers then cleared all the people from the area and left the bear alone when she slept. Since then, no one has seen the bear. “ I don􀆳t think she􀆳s going near the bridge any more,” Brooks said. 阅读短文,根据题目要求完成下列任务。 1. 在文中(A)处和(B)处各填入一个适当的词,使文章意思完整。 (A)　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 (B)　 　 　 　 　 　 2. 根据上下文,请选出与(C)处画线词Unfortunately 意思相近的词: 　 　 　 　 A. Unusually B. Unexpectedly C. Unluckily 3. 用英文写出文中(D)处画线词it 所指代的内容: 　 4. 在文中①②③处,选出能够填入“Then Brooks shot a sleeping drug (药) into the bear􀆳s shoulder. ”的最佳位置:　 　 　 　 5. Do you think the bear is worth saving? Why or why not? 　 主题群 6　 人与自然·灾害防范 子主题 7　 自然灾害与防范措施,人身安全与自我保护 Passage[2024 天津] 阅读下面短文,根据短文内容完成句子。 Have you ever seen a storm? Lots of things can happen when there is a storm. It can rain. The wind can blow. The sky can be dark. And all the lights in your house can go out. When all the lights go out, your house is dark. It is a problem because you cannot do certain things in the dark. You cannot read or write. It is hard to put on clothes. It is hard to feed your pet. It is hard to walk because you cannot see well. When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm goes away. Then the lights may go back on. But it is not interesting to wait and wait! To make things better, it is a good idea to make the dark interesting. You can light candles. The fire on the candles will give the house light. Then you can play a game with your family. Maybe you can use the light to read. Or you can tell an interesting story in the dark. 1. Lots of things 　 　 　 　 when there is a storm. 2. When all the lights go out, your house 　 　 　 　 . 3. It is hard to walk in the dark because you cannot 　 　 　 　 . 4. After the storm 　 　 　 　 , the lights may go back on. 5. To make things better, it is 　 　 　 　 to make the dark interesting. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋