4.题型二 阅读理解 类型2 还原型-【加速度中考·优题库】2025年陕西中考英语真题分类卷

64　 类型 2　 还原型 主题群 1　 人与自我·生活与学习 子主题 1　 丰富、充实、积极向上的生活 Passage 1[2024 云南] You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new light. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. 　 1　 ◆Act like a tourist. Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts that a visitor might have. Start by asking yourself this question: 　 2　 Maybe you can visit a historic building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store. ◆Consider local attractions (景点) . First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. 　 3　 A local museum or zoo might have a new exhibit. You might also head to a national park for a hike. ◆　 4　 With an adult􀆳s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours focused on a theme, like food or local parks. You can also search for free self-guided walking tours in your area. ◆Take a photography (摄影) walk. 　 5 　 Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations. A. Find out a guided tour. B. Here is how to get started. C. Go bike riding in a local park. D. Then try to think about which place is the best to explore. E. If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore? F. If my friends came to my town for the first time, where would I advise them to go? G. Another way to see where you live with fresh eyes is to go exploring with your camera. Passage 2[2024 成都改编] Taking a great photo is not easy and there are lots of things to consider. How do you choose and organize your subjects within your photo? 　 1　 Here are some tips from the art, design and photography experts. Find a focus. When taking a picture, ask yourself, “What􀆳s the focus?” If you are taking a picture of a crowded street, choose a subject that draws your eyes. 　 2 　 If it􀆳s a landscape photo of a field, the focus could be a big tree. 　 3 　 It􀆳s a bit boring to put your subject right in the middle. Place it a little on the left or right of your photo. Imagine your photo is divided into a three-by-three grid (网格) of boxes. One of the corners of your central square is where your focus should be. Create colorful contrasts (对比). Color in a picture is more easily noticed if it has a contrast. 　 4　 They will stand out more if they are taken beside a grey stone wall, or photographed against a bright blue sky. Try different angles. To add more interest to a photo, try taking it from different angles. This means you need to move around, taking photos from different sides, from above or from below. For example, if you photograph a building from a plane it looks tiny but a photo of the same building looking up from the street makes it look huge. 　 5　 Practice makes perfect. Try everything for the perfect shot. A. Place the photo correctly. B. It can tell a different story. C. Remember the rule of thirds. D. Think about focus, color, light and more. E. It could be a person wearing bright colors. F. If you take a picture of yellow flowers, don􀆳t fill your picture with them. G. You should keep the same angle when you take photos. 主题群 2　 人与自我·做人与做事 子主题 2　 自我认识,自我管理,自我提升 Passage 1[2024 苏州改编] Recharge (充电) Your Body􀆳s Battery My phone is showing that little red low-battery sign. What if I didn􀆳t recharge it — no, that would stress me out. But what if I took a few minutes to recharge myself — yes, that would help. But how? 　 1　 　 Tell yourself the truth. When something stressful happens, we often can􀆳t help taking a deep breath at first. But we control what happens next. It􀆳s possible to work with our stress, rather than against it. Thank it and remind yourself: “　 2　 ” Turn your attention to joy. To protect energy stores, turn your attention to being present. Focus on what you can feel grateful (感激的) for. Smiling can reduce stress. 　 3　 Plant something in your day that you look forward to. Work your stress out. 　 4 　 But in fact, we feel them with our whole bodies. Doing exercise can help your body reduce stress. It can change how you feel. Also, heating up and cooling down, like taking a shower, may cheer you up. 　 5　 Being in crowded and busy places sends our bodies signs of danger. We can recharge our batteries with green space time — look for a park, gardens or plants to calm our bodies and minds. Life is short. It􀆳s even shorter living on half a battery. We can break our daily stress habits and create more energy. A. My body is producing energy to help me deal with it. 　 　 　 　 　 B. Relax yourself in green. C. My energy is running out. D. Here are a few ways to recharge yourself. E. Warn your body of danger. F. Joy can recharge us. G. You might think all your feelings live in your brain. Passage 2[2024 南充改编] If sports are something that interests you, you must want to know how to be good at them. Succeeding at a sport takes skill. 　 1　 Skill alone may take you far, but you􀆳ll never go all the way without the right attitude and team spirit. The following tips can help you be a better sports player. Join a sports team. If you􀆳re interested in sports, joining a team is a good way to start. 　 2　 You are likely to develop friendships with at least some of your team members. Besides, even if your skills are low, joining a team will improve your skills. Set big but realistic (现实的) goals for yourself. This does not mean being unrealistic, or saying you􀆳re going to go professional within a year. Instead, you should take a look at what you are, and decide where you think you would like to be. 　 3　 Be a good sport. Being good at sports means more than physical 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 65　 strength and speed. 　 4 　 If you fail in a match, accept the loss and show respect to other players for their victory. Treat loss as a learning experience. Find out what you did wrong, and then try to improve it for the next game. 　 5　 It􀆳s possible to get so crazy about winning that you forget why you want to be good at the very beginning. Not taking the time to enjoy the sport you play results in a fast burnout(精疲力竭). Whether you􀆳re practising or playing a competition, remember it is the joy that matters. A. Let yourself have fun. B. Stay focused on the competition. C. Exercising with others is very enjoyable and encouraging. D. In order to be truly great, you need to be positive towards failure. E. Break a big goal down into small parts, and achieve them step by step. F. However, other things should be considered if you want to be a good sports player. G. In order to keep healthy, you should exercise often. 主题群 3　 人与社会·社会服务与人际沟通 子主题 3　 良好的人际关系与人际交往 Passage 1[2024 福建改编] How to give a presentation presentation Giving a presentation is never easy. There is a lot of preparation to do. During the actual presentation, you need to appear relaxed, calm and confident. Your body language needs to show this. 　 1　 Here are a few suggestions. ●Position 　 2　 And try to avoid turning your back, or lowering your eyes too often if you􀆳re looking at any notes. ●Hands Avoid touching things like your hair, nose or pens. 　 3　 It may feel uncomfortable, but you􀆳ll look relaxed. Also, avoid crossing your arms, or putting your hands behind your back or in your pockets. ●Gesture (姿态) Use gestures to help your classmates understand what you􀆳re saying. You can use your hands to make your points clearer in your speech. Keep your feet apart and stand confidently. 　 4　 Remember, look confident! ●Eye contact (交流) Remember to keep eye contact with your classmates. Choose someone to look at in one area and stay with them for a sentence or two. 　 5　 Plan for success, look good, sound good and know your material! But above all, have fun with your presentation! A. And try to keep your arms by your side. B. Keep your shoulders back and your head up. C. Make sure you􀆳re always facing your classmates. D. Then move to another area and choose someone else. E. Does working in groups help a lot? F. But do you know what to do with your body during a presentation? G. You should get along well with your classmates. Passage 2[2024 滨州] Do you have friends? How many friends do you have? Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about something that brings you happiness. 　 1 　 But maybe making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you􀆳re a naturally shy person. 　 2　 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you! The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make you look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast(胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 　 3　 On the other hand, if you􀆳re feeling confident, you can try to approach someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here?” 　 4　 After that, continue the conversation by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you􀆳ve read or has something that interests you. 　 5 　 If you follow the advice, you can make friends easily. A. It is a great way to break the ice. B. So how can you make new friends? C. This will give you something fun to talk about. D. Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you. E. You can also share your problems and support each other. F. Instead, smile naturally if someone approaches (靠近) you. G. You don􀆳t need to care if your friends are the same as you or different. 子主题 4　 语言与文化 Passage 3 汉语资源保护 [2024 榆林绥德县三模] Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese speak Putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. 　 1　 They started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1, 712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. 　 2 　 It is an online library where people can learn dialects. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to Harold Palmer, an expert who studies language, dialects are the key to storing local culture. 　 3　 Scholar (学者) Zhang Hongming talked about his worries of the disappearance of dialects. For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the local dialect. 　 4　 If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear. So how did China make this big library? Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers. 　 5 　 This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. A. This project hasn􀆳t been carried out. B. The project is now entering into its second part. C. What did the Chinese government do to save them? D. What do you think of the disappearance of dialects? E. Young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not well. F. Dialects really show the history and the culture of an area. G. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. Passage 4[2024 咸阳礼泉县二模] There are many English proverbs (谚语) about “home”. Here are some of the best. “ 　 1　 ” This proverb comes from the song Home Sweet Home. It simply means home is always the best place. 　 2 　 After being away for so long, you will always find there􀆳s no place like home. So if you have been elsewhere for a long time, you can say “ There􀆳s no place like home. ” as soon as you arrive home to show how you miss your home and parents. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 66　 “The longest way round is the shortest way home. ” Though this proverb also has the word “home”, 　 3　 Sometimes some students do their homework in a really quick way. They may think it􀆳ll save time if they do it as fast as they can. However, if they only care about speed, it􀆳s easy to make mistakes, and more time will be spent redoing the task. 　 4　 “Home is where the heart is. ” Home doesn􀆳t have to be the building that you live in. It is where you most want to be. 　 5　 It may be the same city they live in now, the city where they grew up, the house where their parents live, or the place where they are raising their family. A. So slow down, slow is fast. B. it is necessary to do everything as fast as we can. C. Most people have their “home” in their mind. D. There􀆳s no place like home. E. Where there is a will, there is a way. F. Maybe it􀆳s not that comfortable, but it􀆳s where love and family can be found. G. its meaning is not about “ home” but about working and studying skills. 主题群 4　 人与社会·历史、社会与文化 子主题 5　 文化习俗与文化景观 Passage 1 拱手礼 [2024 凉山州改编] Different countries have different manners about social situations. In Mexico, people shake hands when they meet for the first time. In Brazil, people sometimes kiss. In Korea, people usually bow. Do you know Chinese fist and palm salute (拱手礼)? It is one of the classic greeting manners in China. 　 1　 The occasions of making fist and palm salute For centuries, China has been known as a “ Liyi Zhibang ”. Nowadays, Chinese usually shake hands when meeting others, but sometimes they also make fist and palm salute. 　 2　 People make fist and palm salute when they visit someone during the Spring Festival or attend someone􀆳s wedding ceremony, birthday party and so on. The history of fist and palm salute 　 3 　 It started in the West Zhou Dynasty. If people met strangers, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and hands were always ready for holding weapons (武器). Holding hands together pointed to themselves was a meaning of expressing kindness. Later it became one of the traditional Chinese manners when meeting each other. 　 4　 How do you make fist and palm salute properly? First, stand at attention. Then, if you are a man, right-hand half-fist, and then left- hand hold the right-hand in front of your chest. For a woman, left-hand half-fist, then right-hand put the left-hand on the top. Next, watch each other, raise both hands to brow (额头) and bend down. 　 5　 Also, you could say some lucky greeting words to each other three times. A. Now let􀆳s learn more about it. B. The way to make fist and palm salute C. When and where do people use it? D. It is often widely used among western countries. E. Finally, shake hands towards each other three times. F. Fist and palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. 　 　 　 G. Use the fist and palm salute often Passage 2 太极 [2024 汉中汉台区二模] Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is popular around the world. This ancient martial art (武术) has been practiced by more than 40 million people in more than 150 countries. 　 1　 ◆It is good for both body and mind. Tai chi is a kind of gentle martial art. 　 2 　 In the slow movements, you need to focus on your mind as well as on what your body is doing at that moment. You can go at your own speed. ◆　 3　 Tai chi is suitable for all ages and different levels of health. There is little risk of damage to your joints (关节). It􀆳s an exercise that can be easily done, including those in wheelchairs. ◆It can prevent falls. 　 4　 Certainly, the key point is on balance, with sideways and backward movements helping to have a stronger body. ◆It may reduce pain. A small body of research indicates (表明) that doing Tai chi regularly can help repair knee problems and lower back pain. ◆It may improve brain power. Advantages aren􀆳t just physical. 　 5 　 , especially for older people. Still it􀆳s considered safe and suitable for the elderly. A. It is hard for the old to learn. B. You need to follow the music when you are doing Tai chi. C. It requires to move slowly. D. Here are some reasons for it. E. It􀆳s easy for everyone. F. A study showed that Tai chi might reduce (降低) the risk of falls in older people. G. Studies have found that regular Tai chi can improve functioning in the brain 主题群 5　 人与社会·科学与技术(2023,2021 考查) 子主题 6　 科学技术与工程,人类发明与创新 Passage 1[2024 乐山改编] E-bikes usually have a big problem — it is much heavier than common bikes. Recently, a Romanian company has solved this problem. 　 1　 In fact, an adult can even lift it easily. The reason for the low weight is the choice of material, which is quite unusual. It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo. 　 2　 What􀆳s more, the bamboo frame also makes riding more comfortable, because it has good vibration damping (减震). 　 3 　 Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike. So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone. The company manager said, “ Creating the bikes was a hard journey. 　 4　 To be honest, I really don􀆳t remember how many times we had to face the failures (失败). ” The manager continued, “But in the end, we succeeded. We have created a bike that is lightweight enough, strong enough and smart enough. 　 5　 And now we have successfully developed these bikes to meet the needs of more people in cities. ” A. This e-bike is also very “smart” . B. So I􀆳m very proud that we never gave up. C. The weight of this new e-bike is just 15kg. D. This material makes it light and is friendly to the environment. 　 　 E. It included many years of research, development and failures. F. He almost lost confidence, but he didn􀆳t give up. G. There are all kinds of bikes nowadays. Passage 2[2024 西工大附中五模] You can see mountains if you look at the moon through a telescope. 　 1 　 He is considered as the father of modern science. Galileo was 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 67　 famous not only for his discoveries but also for the scientific methods he developed. 　 2　 Therefore, he was able to study the stars and planets more carefully through it. Some people call him the first astronomer ( 天 文 学 家). His telescope made things appear larger by many more times. 　 3　 People found it difficult to believe because they all thought that everything in space moved around the earth at the time. Galileo got into trouble with the government because he showed the truth to people. 　 4　 Galileo was an inventor as well. He made the first thermometer by himself. His thermometer didn􀆳t tell the temperatures exactly, 　 5 　 The thermometer was a great invention at that time. Galileo thought about the world in a new way. Before Galileo, people studied science without running experiments to test out their ideas. A. and it couldn􀆳t be used widely. B. The government tried to stop people from accepting what he said. C. but it could show whether a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature. D. Galileo was the first person to prove that the planets travel around the sun. E. The telescope was made by a Dutchman in 1608 and later Galileo improved it. F. Galileo was the first person to see these things through a telescope. G. The government wasn􀆳t afraid and kept everything in order. 子主题 7　 科普知识 Passage 3[2024 广西改编] Have you ever imagined what bees can do with their tiny brains? 　 1　 　 Clint Perry, a scientist, has spent much time studying how bees think. He says studying bees is not very different from studying other animals. “The main difficulty is to design (设计) an experiment and get what we want,” he says. “With humans, we can ask them a question and get an answer. But we can􀆳t use the same way to get an answer from bees. 　 2　 Bees like sugar. ” The fact that bees like sugar is helpful for scientists to design experiments. For example, in one experiment, Perry gave bees a task: to find delicious sugar on a landing place above a black bar (棒). Perry made the task easier or harder by moving the landing place farther from or closer to the black bar. 　 3 　 And when the task was easy, bees would try it. 　 4 　 And we might choose to take the test when we are well prepared. In the same way, bees seemed to make decisions like humans. Perry points out that we are not sure whether bees actually make a thoughtful choice from experiments. 　 5　 But learning more about how bees􀆳 brains work could help us learn more about how our own brains deal with information. A. He found that bees would avoid the task when it was difficult. B. Now scientists are looking into a bee􀆳s brain. C. Now scientists still do not know how bees manage to do so much with their tiny brains. D. They are just trying to get sugar. E. They like eating spicy food. F. As for humans, we might choose not to take a test when we aren􀆳t ready for it. G. Scientists try to design another experiment. Passage 4[2024 西安长安区一模] What is a smile? Do you often smile? A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is pleased with a grade on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend told a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. 　 1　 First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. 　 2　 On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile! Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, there is a famous saying: 　 3 　 If you often smile at others, you will be more beautiful. And almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time. 　 4　 Both smiling and laughing can easily spread from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend to laugh with him or her. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is to share a smile or laugh. 　 5　 Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You􀆳ll find that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long! A. Third, smiles have power. B. A smile can make you ten years younger. C. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. D. A smile is the best thing a person can wear. E. There are other good reasons to smile often. F. It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up. G. Smile not only when you are happy, but also when you are in trouble. 主题群 6　 人与自然·自然生态(2024,2020 考查) 子主题 8　 生态特征与自然景观 Passage 1[2024 商洛山阳县三模] Bananas don􀆳t grow on trees. They grow on a stalk (茎) that looks just a little like a stalk of corn. The stalk is soft enough to be cut with a knife. It takes about a year before bananas are ready to be picked. Some are as small as fingers. 　 1　 Some banana plants grow as tall as a house — even taller! 　 2　 Some never get sweet, and they are cooked as a kind of vegetable. The tasty fruit doesn􀆳t come from a seed but from a root planted deep in the ground. First, a stalk pushes up into the air. 　 3　 In the beginning, the banana plant grows very fast — sometimes as much as the length of your feet in one night. Soon, sweet-smelling flowers come out, and when their flowers drop off, bananas begin to grow. As they get bigger, bananas start turning up (卷起来). 　 4　 Bananas are ready to eat when they turn soft and yellow. Bananas are picked long before this — when they􀆳re hard and green. This is because bananas have to travel many miles before they arrive at a store. 　 5　 There are special boats just for bananas and special trains that keep them just cool enough so that they will get ripe (成熟的) while traveling. If bananas are picked when they are ripe, they will spoil on the way. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 68　 A. Then the leaves grow. B. Not all bananas are eaten as fruit. C. A long time is spent picking bananas. D. It looks as if they􀆳re growing upside down. E. Many people like eating bananas. F. Others are as long as men􀆳s arms. G. On boats and trains, bananas travel all over the world. 　 　 　 　 　 子主题 9　 热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生 Passage 2[2024 连云港] When winter comes, cranes migrate (迁徙) from northeast Siberia in Russia to Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, China. 　 1　 However, climate change has influenced the birds􀆳 living conditions. In some years, Poyang Lake experiences floods, while in others, it experiences dry weather. 　 2　 To help deal with the problem, the local government has planted 70 hectares (公顷) of lotus roots (莲藕) in Nanchang. 　 3　 The birds􀆳 population has risen from about 3, 000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years. Over the years, China has worked hard to protect migratory birds. Recently, 1,140 places in the country have been taken as important breeding (繁殖) grounds, wintering grounds and migratory stops. 　 4　 They play a key role in cleaning water, preventing floods, and keeping the balance of the environment. 　 5 　 The law sets rules to help manage wetlands. And it stops harmful activities, including giving out waste water. Thanks to these efforts, China has reported more birds wintering in the wetlands. A. Most of them are wetlands. B. We need more people to count the birds. C. About 95% of the birds spend winter there. D. It􀆳s important for us to do something to protect them. E. In this way, they provide food during the winter for the cranes. F. Both of these lead to the problem that there isn􀆳t enough food for cranes. G. To protect wetlands, the Wetlands Protection Law was introduced on June 1, 2022. Passage 3[2024 西安新城区二模] Mangroves are smart, just like humans. For example, they grow in a smart way. 　 1 　 Especially in the south, where there are many typhoons (台风), they guard the local villages and protect the villagers during the typhoon seasons every year. 　 2　 That􀆳s because their bark is rich in tannic acid (单宁酸). If the surface of the tree is cut, the tannic acid oxidized (氧化) by the air turns red. Mangroves grow in coastal areas, and their structural features have developed over a long period to suit the environment. They can stand seawater, strong winds and waves. Mangrove plants have also developed lots of air roots to deal with the lack of oxygen (氧气不足) in soils. 　 3 　 including nationally protected kinds, such as black-faced spoonbills, horseshoe crabs, red- flowered black mangrove and more. Mangrove seeds produce new leaves from the fruit. 　 4　 It is like animals giving birth to babies. So mangroves are also known by the local people as “ trees that give birth to children”. As both protectors and mothers, mangroves are both “manly” and warm. China is one of the few countries where the mangrove areas have increased. 　 5 　 including Dongzhai Port in Hainan, Zhanjiang Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangdong and the Zhangjiangkou National Mangrove Nature Reserve in Fujian. A. Lots of birds and sea creatures live in mangroves, B. We should know about how to deal with typhoons. C. Shorter ones stand at the front, and the taller ones stand at the back. D. When they fall into the soil, they can grow into trees. E. The country has set up a number of protected areas with mangroves, F. There are so many mangrove areas all over the world. G. Mangroves are green, but they are called “red forests” . 主题群 7　 人与自然·环境保护 子主题 10　 环保意识和行为 Passage Global warming is a huge problem and it is going to take everyone􀆳s effort to solve it. 　 1　 Drive less. Walk, cycle, take a subway or a bus. Ask your parents to use public transportation as much as possible instead of using cars too often. Recycle more. Think before you throw away waste, 　 2　 Be sure to take e-waste, like computers, mobile phones and harmful waste to a special recycling waste bin. 　 3 　 When it comes to your shopping habits, think of buying products that are better for the environment or that are made from recycled materials, and above all, have less or no packaging (包装). Use less hot water. 　 4　 Don􀆳t always heat the water when you do washing with the washing machine. Wash clothes in cold water. Spread the word. Talk to your friends, family and school teachers. Teach them what you􀆳ve learned and make your house and school as green as possible. 　 5　 A. and cut down on how much you throw. B. Buy electric cars. C. It takes us a lot of energy to heat water. D. Refuse packaging too much. E. Here are many small things we can do to make a difference. 　 　 F. Let them know the importance of being a greener person. G. so take part in a program to work with others. 主题群 8　 人与自然·灾害防范(2022 考查) 子主题 11　 自然灾害与防范措施 Passage There was an earthquake this morning in our city. 　 1 　 Where were the people and what were they doing at the time of the earthquake? Let􀆳s read some stories together. Running out of the bookstore I was in a bookstore when the earthquake happened. 　 2　 I didn􀆳t know what happened. My father pulled my mother and me out of the bookstore at once. 　 3　 Mr. Lee was having a math lesson. Suddenly, his chalk box fell onto the floor. Mr. Lee shouted at us, “Get out of the classroom to the playground!” He made sure that all of us were out of the building before he left. Helping the patients When the earthquake happened, there were a lot of people there, and those who could move ran away quickly. What about the patients who couldn􀆳t move? 　 4　 Stopping the football game 　 5 　 Our school team was about to win. Suddenly we felt the shake. The referee (裁判) stopped the game at once, and we were led out of the football field. A. I was watching a game when it happened. B. When I was reading, the floor shook suddenly. C. Being too scared to move D. Getting out of the classroom E. Suddenly, the bed began to shake. F. All the doctors, nurses and some kind people came to help them. G. It was not serious, but people were still afraid. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 44　 类型 2　 还原型 主题群 1　 人与自我·生活与学习 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了如何花时 间去探索自己所在的城镇。 1. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处承上启下, 应填“下面是如何开始。”故选 B。 2. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处应填一个 问句,问的是与去什么地方相关的问题,应填“如果我 的朋友第一次来到我的城镇,我会建议他们去哪里?” 故选 F。 3. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是要去 的地方,应填“然后试着想想哪个地方最适合去探 索。”故选 D。 4. A　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题;再 根据小标题下的段落内容可知,此处提到导游,应填 “找一个有导游的旅行线路。”故选 A。 5. G　 【解析】根据空前段落小标题可知,此处说的是与 摄影相关的内容,应填“另一种用新鲜的眼光看你住 的地方的方法是带着你的相机去探索。”故选 G。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要就如何拍好照片 给出了几点建议。 1. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处是回答如何 选择和组织照片中的题材,应填“想想焦点、颜色、光 线等等。”故选 D。 2. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是在拥 挤的街道上拍照时,可能选择什么作为吸引自己眼球 的参照物,应填“可能是一个穿亮色衣服的人。”故 选 E。 3. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是拍照 要运用一定的法则,应填“记住三分法则。”故选 C。 4. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处提到颜色对 比,应填“如果你拍一张黄色花朵的照片,不要用它们 填满你的照片。”故选 F。 5. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍从不同 角度拍摄会呈现不同的效果,应填“它可以讲述一个 不同的故事。”故选 B。 主题群 2　 人与自我·做人与做事 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一些给自 己充电的方法。 1. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处承上启下, 引出文章主题,即如何给自己充电,应填“这里有一些 给自己充电的方法。”故选 D。 2. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是遇到 压力时该如何应对,应填“我的身体正在产生能量来 帮助我应对它。”故选 A。 3. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文及该段小标题可知,此 处说的是微笑和快乐能够帮助我们减轻压力,给我们 充电,应填“快乐可以给我们充电。”故选 F。 4. G　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是感受 存在于我们身体里的位置,应填“你可能认为你所有 的感受都存在于你的大脑中。”故选 G。 5. B　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题,根 据小标题下的段落内容可知,本段介绍了绿色的环境 可以帮助我们放松身心,应填“在绿色中放松自己。” 故选 B。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了如何成为 一名更好的运动员。 1. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处说的是想 要走得更远,除了技术外还需要考虑其他方面,应填 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 45　 “然而,如果你想成为一名优秀的运动员,还应该考虑 其他事情。”故选 F。 2. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是加入 运动队的好处,应填“和别人一起锻炼是非常愉快和 鼓舞人心的。”故选 C。 3. E　 【解析】根据所填句子所在段落第一句可知,此处 说的是与设定目标相关的内容,应填“把一个大目标 分解成一个个小目标,一步一步地去实现。”故选 E。 4. D　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是我们 要接受失败,应填“为了成为真正强大的人,你需要积 极地面对失败。”故选 D。 5. A　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是运动 时快乐很重要,应填“让自己玩得开心。”故选 A。 主题群 3　 人与社会·社会服务与人际沟通 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要就如何在演讲时 运用肢体语言给出了几点建议。 1. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处要引出下 文的对肢体语言的介绍,应填“但是你知道演讲的时 候如何运用你的肢体吗?”故选 F。 2. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处介绍演讲的 位置,应填“确保你总是面向你的同学。”故选 C。 3. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文及该段小标题可知,此 处介绍手部动作,应填“试着把你的手臂放在身体两 侧。”故选 A。 4. B　 【解析】根据所填句子所在段落的小标题可知,此 处介绍姿势,应填“保持肩膀向后,抬起头。”故选 B。 5. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍眼神交 流,应填“然后(视线) 移到另一个地方,选择其他 人。”故选 D。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要就如何在学校交 朋友提出了几点建议。 1. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍交朋友 的好处,应填“你也可以分享你的问题,互相支持。”故 选 E。 2. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处应介绍如 何交朋友,应填“那么你怎么能交到新朋友呢?”故 选 B。 3. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是有人 接近时应如何做,应填“相反,如果有人接近你,自然 地微笑。”故选 F。 4. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是主动 搭话可以帮助打破僵局,应填“这是打破僵局的好方 法。”故选 A。 5. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处是说找到和 新朋友的共同点,应填“这会给你一些有趣的话题。” 故选 C。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了为了防止 一些方言的消失,中国政府启动了汉语资源保护项目。 1. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是为了 避免方言消失采取的办法,应填“为了拯救它们中国 政府做了什么?”故选 C。 2. G　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处介绍了方言 图书馆,应填“它帮助中国建立了世界上最大的语言 资源博物库。”故选 G。 3. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍了方言 与文化的关系,应填“方言真实展示了一个地区的历 史和文化。”故选 F。 4. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是方言 正在青少年中消失,应填“15 岁以上的青少年有时候 会说方言,但是说得不好。”故选 E。 5. B　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是方言 图书馆的进展,应填“这个项目现在正进入第二阶 段。”故选 B。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了一些关于 “家”的谚语。 1. D　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题;根 据小标题下的段落内容可知,此处是一句和家有关系 的谚语,应填“没有什么地方比得上家。”故选 D。 2. F　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处应描述家的 特点,应填“可能它没那么舒服,但在这里可以找到爱 和家人。”故选 F。 3. G　 【解析】根据所填句子前半句可知,此处说的是尽 管谚语中提到“家”,但与我们理解的“家”意义不同, 应填“它的意义不是关于‘家’,而是关于工作和学习 技能。”故选 G。 4. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说明学习东 西不能只关心速度,应填“所以慢下来,慢就是快。”故 选 A。 5. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是“心 之所在即为家”,应填 “大多数人心中都有他们的 ‘家’。”故选 C。 主题群 4　 人与社会·历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了中国的拱 手礼。 1. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处承上启下, 引出下文对拱手礼的介绍,应填“现在让我们进一步 了解它。”故选 A。 2. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是在何 时何地使用拱手礼,应填“人们在何时何地使用它?” 故选 C。 3. F　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处介绍拱手礼 的历史,应填 “拱手礼已有 3000 多年的历史。” 故 选 F。 4. B　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题,根 据小标题下的段落内容可知,此段说的是使用拱手礼 的正确方式,应填“拱手礼的方式”。 故选 B。 5. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文“First􀆺 Next”可知,此 处应说最后怎么做,应填“最后,冲彼此晃三下手。”故 选 E。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了太极在世 界上受欢迎的原因。 1. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处承上启 下,引出太极受欢迎的原因,应填“这里有一些原因。” 故选 D。 2. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处是介绍太极 招式缓慢,应填“它要求缓慢移动。”故选 C。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 46　 3. E　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题,根 据小标题下的段落内容可知,此处提到太极适用于各 种人,应填“对每个人来说,它都很容易。”故选 E。 4. F　 【解析】根据所填句子所属段落的小标题可知,此 处提到太极可以防止跌倒,应填“一项研究表明,打太 极拳可以降低老年人跌倒的风险。”故选 F。 5. G　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处说的是太 极可能会提高脑部功能,应填“研究发现,经常打太极 拳可以改善脑部功能。”故选 G。 主题群 5　 人与社会·科学与技术 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了罗马尼亚 一家公司发明了更轻便的电动自行车。 1. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处介绍电动 自行车重量的问题,应填“这种新电动自行车的重量 只有 15 公斤。”故选 C。 2. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍制造材 料,应填“这种材料轻便,对环境友好。”故选 D。 3. A　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是智能 手机可以与电动自行车连接,应填“这种电动自行车 也很‘智能’。”故选 A。 4. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是电动 自行车的研发过程很艰辛,应填“它包含了多年的研 究、开发和失败。”故选 E。 5. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处提到最终成 功了,应填“所以我很自豪我们从未放弃。”故选 B。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了现代科学 之父伽利略的一些成就。 1. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处提到伽利 略和天文望远镜,应填“伽利略是第一个通过望远镜 看到这些东西的人。”故选 F。 2. E　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处提到伽利略 使用天文望远镜研究行星,应填“1608 年,一位荷兰 人制造了望远镜,后来伽利略对其进行了改进。”故 选 E。 3. D　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是人们 不相信伽利略所阐述的观点,应填“伽利略是第一个 证明行星绕太阳运转的人。”故选 D。 4. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处指政府持反 对态度,应填“政府试图阻止人们接受他的话。”故 选 B。 5. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处提到温度 计,应填“但是它可以显示温度是更高还是更低或者 与另一温度相同。”故选 C。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了关于蜜蜂 的思维方式的研究。 1. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处引出科学 家们对于蜜蜂大脑的相关研究,应填“现在科学家们 正在研究蜜蜂的大脑。”故选 B。 2. D　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处提到糖,应 填“它们只是想得到糖。”故选 D。 3. A　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处是对比任务 困难及容易时蜜蜂的反应,下文提到容易的情况,此 处应说任务困难的情况,应填“他发现蜜蜂在任务困 难时会回避。”故选 A。 4. F　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是人们 准备测试的情况,应填“至于人类,当我们还没有准备 好时,我们可能会选择不进行测试。”故选 F。 5. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处说的是科 学家们对于蜜蜂大脑的研究程度,应填“现在,科学家 们仍然不知道蜜蜂是如何用它们微小的大脑做这么 多事情的。”故选 C。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了什么是微 笑,微笑的好处有哪些。 1. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是微笑 不仅能表达快乐,还有其他原因,应填“经常微笑还有 其他好的理由。”故选 E。 2. C　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,表达悲伤需要 43 块肌肉,空处与其对应,应填“事实上,微笑只需要 17 块肌肉。”故选 C。 3. D　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是你经 常对别人微笑,你会变得更美,应填“微笑是一个人身 上最好看的东西。”故选 D。 4. A　 【解析】根据上文“First􀆺 Second􀆺”可知,此处应 讲述经常微笑的第三个原因,应填“第三,微笑有力 量。”故选 A。 5. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是分享 微笑是让一个悲伤的人开心起来的最好的方法,应填 “这是让人高兴起来最简单、最便宜的方法。”故选 F。 主题群 6　 人与自然·自然生态 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了香蕉的相 关知识。 1. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处继续描述 香蕉的大小情况,应填“有的像人的手臂一样长。”故 选 F。 2. B　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是香蕉 的食用情况,应填“并不是所有的香蕉都可以当水果 吃。”故选 B。 3. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处说的是香 蕉的生长过程,应填“然后叶子长出来了。”故选 A。 4. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是香蕉 成熟后的状态,应填“看起来好像它们是倒挂着生长 的。”故选 D。 5. G　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是香蕉 运输的情况,应填“香蕉在船上和火车上周游世界。” 故选 G。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了中国对于 保护白鹤采取的行动及取得的成果。 1. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是当冬 天来临时白鹤的迁徙,应填“大约 95% 的白鹤在那里 过冬。”故选 C。 2. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是鄱阳 湖经历了两种自然灾害,这对鸟类会有影响,应填“这 两者都导致了白鹤没有足够的食物的问题。”故选 F。 3. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,为了解决这个问 题,当地政府在南昌种植了 70 公顷的莲藕,此处介绍 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 这样做的结果,应填“通过这种方式,它们在冬天为鹤 提供食物。”故选 E。 4. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,全国 1140 个地 方被作为重要的繁殖地、越冬地和迁徙站,此处介绍 这些地方,应填“其中大部分是湿地。”故选 A。 5. G　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处提及法律, 应填“为保护湿地,《湿地保护法》于 2022 年 6 月 1 日 出台。”故选 G。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了红树林的 相关信息。 1. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍红树林 的聪明之处,应填“矮的站在前面,高的站在后面。”故 选 C。 2. G　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处解释了红树 林名字的由来,应填“红树林是绿色的,但它们被称为 ‘红色森林’。”故选 G。 3. A　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处介绍并举例 红树林里的很多生物,应填“许多鸟类和海洋生物生 活在红树林里”。 故选 A。 4. D　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处介绍了红树 林从种子到树的生长过程,应填“当它们落入土壤中, 就能长成树。”故选 D。 5. E　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是中国 的红树林保护区,应填“国家建立了一些红树林保护 区”。 故选 E。 主题群 7　 人与自然·环境保护 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。 主要介绍了如何通过 生活中的小事来改善全球变暖。 1. E　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处起承上启下 的作用,应填“我们可以做很多小事来改变世界。”故 选 E。 2. A　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处的内容与回 收利用有关,应填“减少你扔的东西。”故选 A。 3. D　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处提到购物的 习惯,应填“拒绝过度包装。”故选 D。 4. C　 【解析】根据所填句子上下文可知,此处是关于少 用热水的原因,应填“加热水耗能很大。”故选 C。 5. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,上文讲的是传播 环保知识,可推测空处应是关于让大家懂得环保的重 要性的语句,应填“让他们知道成为一个更环保的人 的重要性。”故选 F。 主题群 8　 人与自然·灾害防范 Passage 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。 主要介绍了地震发生 时,人们都在做什么以及他们的反应。 1. G　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处是在说地震 的情况,应填“情况并不严重,但人们还是很害怕。”故 选 G。 2. B　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是地震 时书店的情况,应填“当时我正在看书,地板突然摇晃 起来。”故选 B。 3. D　 【解析】根据文章结构可知,此处缺少小标题,根 据该小标题下的段落内容可知,此处说的是老师让学 生们立即离开教室,应填“离开教室”。 故选 D。 4. F　 【解析】根据所填句子上文可知,此处说的是医院 里病人的情况,应填“所有的医生、护士和一些善良的 人都来帮助他们。”故选 F。 5. A　 【解析】根据所填句子下文可知,此处说的是关于 球赛的情况,应填“地震发生时我正在看比赛。”故 选 A。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋