专题01 语法填空（16区二模真题速递）-【好题汇编】2025年高考英语二模试题分类汇编（上海专用）

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题01 语法填空（16区二模真题速递） 全篇题型分析 题号 难度系数 详细知识点 1 0.85 动物；科普知识 2 0.65 科普知识 ；方法/策略 3 0.65 探险旅行 4 0.65 学校生活 5 0.65 个人经历；生活故事 6 0.65 体育健身 7 0.65 人工智能 8 0.65 建筑 9 0.4 动物 10 0.65 情绪；方法/策略 11 0.4 天体和宇宙；环境保护 12 0.4 科普知识 13 0.4 方法/策略 14 0.4 社会问题与社会现象；文化传播 15 0.4 电影与戏剧 16 0.4 科普知识 （2025·上海徐汇·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Horses are smarter than they’re given credit for Horses are capable of strategic thinking and planning ahead, a new study has found. Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses 1 they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. They made it progressively harder, and discovered that the horses all changed their strategies in the most difficult stage 2 (ensure) they would continue getting treats. The study 3 (involve) 20 horses, who were initially rewarded with a treat for touching a piece of card with their noses. In the second stage, a “stop light” was introduced, and the rule was changed so that the reward was only given 4 they touched the card when the light was off. This did not alter the behaviour of the horses, as they 5 (observe) touching the card regardless of the status of the light. In the final stage, researchers introduced a “punishment” element of a 10-second timeout 6 playing or receiving any rewards for touching the card while the stop light was on. At this point, all the horses suddenly began to play the game correctly, only touching the card when it would lead to a treat. Instantly 7 (switch) strategies in this way indicates the horses understood the rule of the stop light the entire time, but had no reason to follow the rule when there was no consequence for getting it wrong. This showed the animals have the ability to think and plan ahead — something previously 8 (consider) to be beyond their capacity. “It’s fascinating because they have a very underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is 9 we typically credit with producing that type of thinking in humans. This means they must be using another area of the brain to achieve a similar result,” said Dr Carrie Ijichi, a senior researcher at NTU. “This teaches us that we 10 not make assumptions about animal intelligence based on whether they are 'built' just like us,” she said. 【答案】 1．where 2．to ensure 3．involved 4．if 5．were observed 6．from 7．switching 8．considered 9．what 10．should/must/can 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了诺丁汉特伦特大学的一项研究，研究人员通过设计一个让马用鼻子触碰卡片获取奖励的游戏，逐步增加难度并设置不同规则，发现马能够根据规则变化改变策略，证明马具有战略思考和提前规划的能力，同时也表明不能仅依据动物与人类生理构造的相似性来评判其智力。 1．考查定语从句。句意：诺丁汉特伦特大学的研究人员为马设计了一个游戏，在这个游戏中它们必须用鼻子触碰一张卡片才能得到食物奖励。“a game for horses” 是先行词，设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词。从句 “they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat” 结构完整，缺少表示地点的状语，即 “在这个游戏里”，where 在定语从句中作地点状语，符合语境。故填 where。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们让游戏变得越来越难，并且发现马在最困难的阶段都改变了它们的策略，以确保它们能继续得到食物奖励。动词不定式短语作目的状语，说明马改变策略的目的是为了继续获得奖励。故填 to ensure。 3．考查动词时态。句意：这项研究涉及了 20 匹马，它们最初因用鼻子触碰一张卡片而得到食物奖励。文章整体描述的是过去进行的研究情况，句子主语是 “The study”，“involve” 是谓语动词，用一般过去时表示过去发生的动作，所以用 “involved”。故填 involved。 4．考查连词。句意：在第二阶段，引入了一个 “交通信号灯”，并且规则改变了，所以只有当信号灯熄灭时，它们触碰卡片才会得到奖励。“the reward was only given” 和 “they touched the card when the light was off” 之间存在条件关系，“if” 引导条件状语从句，意为 “如果，假如”，表示只有在 “信号灯熄灭且马触碰卡片” 这个条件下，才会得到奖励。故填 if。 5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这并没有改变马的行为，因为观察到它们不管信号灯的状态如何都会去触碰卡片。“as” 引导原因状语从句，从句主语 “they”（指代马）和谓语动词 “observe” 之间是被动关系，即 “马被观察到”，且句子描述的是过去的情况，所以用一般过去时的被动语态 “were observed”。故填 were observed。 6．考查介词。句意：在最后阶段，研究人员引入了一个 “惩罚” 元素，即当交通信号灯亮着时，马在玩或因触碰卡片获得奖励时会有 10 秒钟的暂停时间。表示“由于”用介词from，timeout from“由于……而暂停”为固定搭配。故填 from。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：以这种方式立即改变策略表明马一直都理解交通信号灯的规则，但是当犯错没有后果时，它们没有理由去遵守规则。本句缺少主语，动名词switching作主语，动名词短语作主语表示一种行为或动作。故填 switching。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这表明这些动物有思考和提前规划的能力 —— 这是以前被认为超出它们能力范围的事情。“something” 和 “consider” 之间是被动关系，即 “某事被认为”，所以用过去分词 “considered”作定语。故填 considered。 9．考查表语从句。句意：诺丁汉特伦特大学的资深研究员凯莉・伊吉奇博士说：“这很有趣，因为它们的前额叶皮质非常不发达，而我们通常认为产生人类那种思维方式的正是前额叶皮质。”“is” 后面是表语从句，从句中 “credit...with...” 缺少宾语，“what” 在表语从句中充当宾语，指代 “产生人类那种思维方式的东西”，所以用 “what” 引导表语从句。故填 what。 10．考查情态动词。句意：她说：“这告诉我们，我们不应该 / 一定不能 / 不能仅仅根据动物是否和我们‘构造’相似就对它们的智力做出假设。”根据语境，这里表达的是一种建议或告诫的语气，“should not” 表示 “不应该”，“must not” 表示 “一定不能”，“can not” 表示 “不能”，这三个情态动词的否定形式都能表达出 “不可以仅凭动物与人类构造相似与否就评判其智力” 的意思，符合句子逻辑。故填 should /must/can。 （2025·上海浦东新·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The power of the pen Numerous studies highlight the psychological benefits of writing. For example, researchers found that participants who engaged in a six-week program of expressive writing improved their mental toughness. In another study, researchers analyzed brain scans to see how writing about negative events affected the way such events 1 (process) and handled. They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions and 2 writing about a past failure could improve learning. Last year, brain researchers demonstrated that writing by hand 3 typing with a keyboard promoted more complex brain connectivity, which was crucial for memory formation. These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you 4 (clarify) thoughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits. To cultivate the habit of writing, try the two tips.    Write to people you love. When you write with your audience in mind, you relate to them. Most importantly, you share something precious with loved ones. Think of how you felt the last time someone you cared about 5 (take) time to write you a heartfelt message. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need 6 (heal) or just to get an extra smile out of someone.    Write appreciation notes at work. When Doug Conant took over as CEO at Campbell’s, he transformed the company culture from unpleasant to award-winning. “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made 7 a practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years, it amounted to more than 30,000 notes, 8 we had only 20,000 employees. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes 9 (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).” In today’s digital world 10 most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better. 【答案】 1．were processed 2．that 3．instead of/rather than 4．to clarify 5．took 6．healing/to be healed 7．it 8．though/although 9．displayed 10．where 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了写作的力量，包括写作对心理的益处、对大脑的影响，以及培养写作习惯的方法。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：在另一项研究中，研究人员分析了脑部扫描，以了解写下负面事件如何影响此类事件被处理和应对的方式。“such events”是定语从句的主语，与“process”是被动关系，即事件被处理，根据上下文时态为一般过去时，故填 were processed。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：他们得出结论，表达性写作可能是处理负面情绪的有效工具，并且写下过去的失败可以促进学习。前文“that”引导的第一个宾语从句是“expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions”，第二个宾语从句，从句结构和句意完整，连接词为that。故填 that。 3．考查介词短语。句意：去年，大脑研究人员证明，手写而不是用键盘打字能促进更复杂的大脑连接，这对记忆形成至关重要。这里是在对比手写和打字对大脑连接的不同作用，强调手写的优势，所以用 “instead of” 或 “rather than” 连接，故填 instead of/rather than。 4．考查不定式。句意：这些发现表明，写作的过程能让你理清思绪并将其 “内化”，从而增加益处。“allow sb. to do sth.”允许某人做某事。故填 to clarify。 5．考查时态。句意：想想上次你在乎的人花时间给你写了一封真心的信时你是什么感受。the last time引导的时间状语从句，描述过去的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填 took。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：你甚至可以利用这个机会来挽救需要修复的关系，或者只是让某人开心一下。need作实义动词时，且物做主语时，后面接动词的-ing 形式或不定式的被动形式，表示 “需要被……”。故填 healing/to be healed。 7．考查形式宾语。句意：康纳特说：“大多数公司文化在表彰贡献方面做得不好，所以我把给员工写感谢信作为一种惯例”“make it a practice to do sth.” 是固定结构，“it” 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 “to write thank-you notes to our employees”。故填 it。 8．考查连词。句意：在 10 多年的时间里，（感谢信）总数超过了 3 万封，尽管我们只有 2 万名员工。“though” 或 “although” 引导让步状语从句，表示 “尽管，虽然”，在这里连接两个有转折关系的句子。故填 though/although。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我走到世界的哪里，你都会发现我手写的便条被展示在员工的公告栏上。my handwritten notes与display 为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 displayed。 10．考查定语从句。句意：在当今大多数交流都是电子形式的数字世界里，写衷心的感谢信能提高情商并加强人际关系。修饰先行词 “digital world”，在从句中作地点状语，表示 “在这个数字世界里”。用关系副词where。故填 where。 （2025·上海嘉定·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Race to the Frozen North On April 6, 1909, six determined men stood at the top of the world, claiming victory over one of Earth’s last great frontiers — the North Pole. Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer 1 skills had been vital to their success. He held a unique flag, 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric, while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side. They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness. Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions. Peary’s success was not just luck — it was careful strategy, perseverance, and the strength of his team. He relied heavily 4 Henson, who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before. Henson wasn’t just an explorer; he was a survivalist, trained by the Inuit (因纽特人) in the art of handling the ice. But no amount of skill 5 make overcoming the Arctic any easier. The wind screamed like a wild beast, and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Henson later wrote in his journal, “Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence.” Ice formed on their skin, 6 (bite) deeper with every burst of wind. Frostbite (冻疮) was a constant threat. Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures. Despite 7 they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. 8 it did little to satisfy true hunger, it did keep them alive. Their days were long and exhausting. Yet they refused to stop. Then, at last, they arrived. The vast, icy emptiness 9 (stretch) in every direction. Henson, moving quickly ahead, was the first to mark their achievement. When Peary arrived, they planted their flags, securing their place in history. The impossible 10 (conquer). 【答案】 1．whose 2．sewn 3．to be forced 4．on 5．could 6．biting 7．what 8．Although/Though 9．stretched 10．had been conquered 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 1909 年 4 月 6 日，Robert E. Peary 带领的团队到达北极的艰难历程，着重介绍了团队成员 Matthew Henson 以及他们在途中所面临的恶劣环境和克服的种种困难。 1．考查关系代词。句意：在他们当中有 Matthew Henson，一位经验丰富的探险家，他的技能对他们的成功至关重要。“ 1 skills had been vital to their success” 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 “Matthew Henson”，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰 “skills”，表示 “他的技能”，所以用关系代词 “whose”。故填 whose。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他举着一面独特的旗帜，这面旗帜是由不同的织物缝制在一起的，而四位因纽特猎人则站在他身边。“ 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric” 是后置定语，修饰 “flag”，“flag” 与 “sew” 之间是被动关系，即 “旗帜被缝制”，所以用过去分词 “sewn”。故填 sewn。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在他们之前有许多人尝试过，结果却被恶劣的条件逼了回来。only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions” 是结果状语，“Many” 与 “force” 之间是被动关系，且表示出乎意料的结果，用 “only to be done” 结构，所以填 “to be forced”。故填 to be forced。 4．考查介词。句意：他非常依赖 Henson，Henson 之前曾和他一起在北极地区旅行过。“rely on” 是固定搭配，意为 “依赖，依靠”，所以填 “on”。故填 on 5．考查情态动词。句意：但再多的技能也无法使征服北极变得更容易。根据语境，这里表示 “能够” 的意思，且是过去的情况，用 “could” 表示过去的能力或可能性。故填 could。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：冰在他们的皮肤上形成，每一阵风都让冻伤更加严重。“ 6 (bite) deeper with every burst of wind” 在句中作伴随状语，“Ice” 与 “bite” 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词 “biting”。故填 biting。 7．考查连接词。句意：尽管他们忍受了很多，但他们还是继续前进。“Despite 7 they endured” 中，“ 7 they endured” 是一个宾语从句，作 “Despite” 的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，用 “what” 引导，表示 “所…… 的事物”。故填 what。 8．考查连词。句意：尽管它几乎不能满足真正的饥饿，但它确实让他们活了下来。根据前后句的逻辑关系，这里表示让步，“尽管” 食物不能满足饥饿，但能维持生命，所以用“Although” 或 “Though” 引导让步状语从句。首字母大写。故填 Although/Though。 9．考查时态。句意：广阔的冰原向四面八方延伸。文章讲述的是过去的事情，这里描述到达北极时看到的景象，用一般过去时，“stretch” 的过去式是 “stretched”。故填 stretched。 10．考查时态和语态。句意：不可能的事情已经被征服了。The impossible” 与 “conquer” 之间是被动关系，“征服”发生在“抵达”之前，需用过去完成时，且主语the impossible与conquer之间是被动关。故填had been conquered。 （2025·上海闵行·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. Interested in writing, photography or current events? Looking for an experience 1 (inspire) your college essays? Or hoping to explore a world-class city with new friends this summer? 2 so, check out the Boston University Summer Journalism Academy. It’s a program created and run by Boston University, 3 high school students:● Learn from award-winning, working journalists — including two who 4 (share) Pulitzer Prizes for their reporting. ● Report on actual events around Boston or your hometown. ● Place stories with Boston’s Daily Free Press, one of the top college newspapers. ● Improve their writing, interviewing, and research skills — applicable to any major and career. The academy offers two options: 5 on-campus, residential program over three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home program over two weeks for all experience levels. For students 6 (draw) to photography, we offer a special photojournalism track for both. Every option 7 (organize) in three sections:● Classroom starts each day with a review of journalism fundamentals in a collegiate format. A university-level journalism textbook provides daily readings and writing assignments. ● Newsroom provides time for students to apply 8 they learn in the classroom to hands-on journalism assignments. Over the rest of their day, students conduct interviews and gather information. ● Guest Talks offer students advice and insight 9 journalism experts in topics such as radio reporting and journalism learning in college. Sessions feature a Guest Talk during each three-week session. Students also visit city newsrooms to hear from famous reporters. Applications for the on-campus session from June 24 to July 12 are due: April 19. Applications for learn-at-home sessions 10 (start) from June 17, July 1, and July 15 are due: May 10. 【答案】 1．to inspire 2．If 3．where 4．have shared/shared 5．an 6．drawn 7．is organized/will be organized 8．what 9．from 10．starting 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了波士顿大学暑期新闻学院的相关信息。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：寻找能激发你大学论文灵感的经历吗？此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰experience，表示“一种用来启发……的经历”。故填to inspire。 2．考查连词。句意：如果是这样，那就来看看波士顿大学暑期新闻学院吧。if so表示“如果是这样”，固定搭配。故填If。 3．考查介词。句意：这是一个由波士顿大学为高中生创建和运营的项目。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词a program，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 4．考查时态。句意：向屡获殊荣的在职记者学习——其中包括两位因报道而共享普利策奖的记者。空处为句子的谓语动词。这里可以强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。也可用表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填have shared/shared。 5．考查冠词。句意：学院提供两种选择：一个为期三周的针对有新闻经验学生的校园住宿项目，以及一个为期两周的适合所有经验水平的在家学习项目。program为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个校园住宿项目”，且on-campus发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于喜欢摄影的学生，我们为两者都提供了专门的新闻摄影课程。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词students，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作定语。故填drawn。 7．考查时态和语态。句意：每个选项都分为三个部分。主语Every option与organize之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态。也可以表示将要发生的动作，用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 is organized/will be organized。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：新闻编辑室为学生提供了将课堂上学到的知识应用到实际新闻工作中的时间。此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作learn的宾语，表示“……的东西”，用what引导该从句。故填what。 9．考查介词。句意：嘉宾演讲为学生提供来自新闻专家的建议和见解，主题包括广播报道和大学新闻学习等。结合语境可知，此处表示“来自新闻专家的建议和见解”，需用介词from。故填from。 10．考查现在分词。句意：从6月17日、7月1日和7月15日开始的在家学习课程的申请截止日期为5月10日。此处作后置定语，修饰sessions，sessions和start是主动关系，用现在分词。故填starting。 （2025·上海虹口·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Reverse Culture Shock Is Real Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality. The initial shock wasn’t in the customs or language differences I 1 (expect) abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S. In Denmark and the other countries I visited, 2 (not understand) every word around me became strangely comforting. There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation, not being subjected to endless chatter. What struck me deeply was 3 English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. Then came the noise. 4 I had gotten used to the peacefulness, New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds. Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always 5 a rush to fill the air with sound. It felt disturbing, especially when I 6 (throw) into chaos after months of peace. The hardest part wasn’t just adjusting to the noise, but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return. I longed 7 (share), but it felt like no one really understood. Only my fellow study-abroad friends could relate, and their sympathy was a comfort. The biggest change, though, was internal. I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery (心胸外科手术), 8 (convince) that medical school was my calling. Yet, living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective. Now, I’m researching global health. Life, 9 it happens, has a way of changing direction when you least expect it. Sometimes, the best opportunities come from saying yes to 10 unexpected, from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it. 【答案】 1．had expected 2．not understanding 3．that 4．After 5．in 6．was thrown 7．to share 8．convinced 9．as 10．the 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者从国外留学归来后经历的文化冲击，包括对噪音的不适应、与他人交流经历时的落差以及自身内心的变化等。 1．考查时态。句意：最初的冲击并非来自于我在国外所预期的风俗或语言差异——当我回到美国的日常生活时，它就出现了。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，expect这个动作发生在 “was” 之前，即过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时。故填had expected。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在丹麦和我去过的其他国家，听不懂周围的每一个字却奇怪地让人感到安慰。not understanding every word around me是动名词短语作主语，表示一种行为或状态。故填not understanding。 3．考查表语从句。句意：让我深感震惊的是，当英语再次围绕着我时，那种熟悉感是一种持续的反映，而我却没有意识到自己已经对这种熟悉感到厌倦了。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用 that 引导。故填that。 4．考查连词。句意：在我习惯了宁静之后，纽约感觉就像各种嘈杂刺耳声音的混合体。这里表示在作者习惯了宁静之后才感觉到纽约的嘈杂，所以用 after 引导时间状语从句。首字母大写。故填After。 5．考查介词。句意：到处都有人在喊叫 —— 感觉好像每个人总是匆匆忙忙地让空气中充满声音。“in a rush” 是固定短语，意为 “匆匆忙忙”。故填in。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：尤其是在经历了几个月的平静之后，我被抛入混乱之中，这让我感到不安。空处为从句的谓语动词，“I”和 “throw”之间是被动关系，且这里描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was thrown。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我渴望分享，但感觉好像没有人真正理解。“long to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “渴望做某事”。故填to share。 8．考查形容词。句意：我曾经一心想在心胸外科领域发展，深信医学院是我的使命所在。“be convinced that...”为固定用法，本句为形容词作状语。故填convinced。 9．考查连词。句意：正如所发生的那样，生活在你最意想不到的时候会改变方向。“as it happens” 是固定用法，意为 “正如所发生的那样”，as引导方式状语从句。故填as。 10．考查冠词。句意：有时候，最好的机会来自于对意外之事说 “是”，来自于走出你的舒适区。“the + 形容词” 表示一类事物，这里 “the unexpected” 表示 “意外的事情”。故填the。 （2025·上海静安·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. If you’re bored with old-fashioned running, or if you feel that it’s not a complete workout, you might want to try crunning, a new fitness craze that’s taking Australia by storm. No, it does not mean crying while running. It’s actually a cross between crawling and running that involves getting down 1 all fours and moving as fast as you can. The unique workout, best 2 (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare, was invented by Australian fitness enthusiast Shaun MoCarthy. Although it’s still not known what urged him to come up with the odd activity, he seems 3   (convince) that the sport will revolutionize fitness as we know it. ‌“The only thing that crunning has changed about fitness is that it’s changed 4 about fitness, ” he says. The short video of him crunning in Melbourne that he posted online makes the activity look more like a joke than a serious workout, but it appears to have got quite a lot of attention. As the new fashion among fitness enthusiasts in Australia, crunning also causes controversy. People wonder 5 crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running. McCarthy 6 interviews can now be found everywhere online claims that crunning is a more complete workout because it includes the upper body as well. ‌“It really works your legs and shoulders at the same time,” he said, 7 (add) that the sport burned more calories as well. However, some fitness experts believe that McCarthy might just be overstating its effect. According to Kim Baylor, a personal trainer, any exercise that involves full body motions 8 hardly develop a lot of strength. And some think it’s just a quick trend and might even be harmful if practiced incorrectly. “Physiologically, humans 9 (build) for biped (双足的) mobility instead of quadruped (四足的) mobility like animals,” fitness coach Kevin Dean said. “As we’re upright, our wrists have different structures from our ankles (脚踝) while a quadruped animal has four of roughly the same joint.   10 McCarthy has said about the sport, I do see broken noses, wrist injuries, and shoulder problems arising from crunning. ” 【答案】 1．on 2．described 3．convinced 4．everything 5．whether 6．whose 7．adding 8．can 9．are built 10．Whatever 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚流行的一种新健身热潮“爬跑”(crunning)。 1．考查介词。句意：实际上，它是爬行和跑步的结合，需要四肢着地并尽可能快地移动。“on all fours”是固定短语，意为“四肢着地”，介词on表示“由……支撑”。故填on。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项独特的锻炼，最恰当地被描述为你腿部的噩梦，是由澳大利亚健身爱好者肖恩·麦卡锡发明的。“best ____ (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare”作后置定语，describe(描述)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“The unique workout之”间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填described。 3．考查形容词。句意：虽然还不清楚是什么促使他想出了这个奇怪的活动，但他似乎相信这项运动会彻底改变我们所知的健身方式。seems是系动词，提示词作表语，用形容词convinced，意为“确信的，信服的”，表明主语he的心理状态。故填convinced。 4．考查代词。句意：“爬跑对健身唯一的改变就是它改变了关于健身的一切，”他说。根据前文“the sport will revolutionize fitness”可知，爬跑会彻底健身，所以是改变了健身的一切，用不定代词everything作宾语。故填everything。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：人们想知道爬跑是否和慢跑或跑步一样是有益的健身活动。“crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running”是宾语从句，结合语境，表示“是否”，应用连词whether引导宾语从句。故填whether。 6．考查定语从句。句意：现在在网上随处都能找到麦卡锡接受采访的内容，他声称爬跑是更全面的锻炼，因为它也锻炼到了上半身。“____ interviews can now be found everywhere online”是定语从句，修饰先行词McCarthy，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，修饰interviews，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：“它真的能同时锻炼你的腿部和肩部，”他说，并补充说这项运动也能消耗更多的卡路里。“(add) that the sport burned more calories as well”作伴随状语，add(补充说)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填adding。 8．考查情态动词。句意：据私人教练金·贝勒说，任何涉及全身运动的锻炼几乎都不能发展出很大的力量。根据语境可知，此处表示能力上“能够”，用情态动词can符合语境。故填can。 9．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：从生理上讲，人类是为双足移动而进化的，而不是像动物那样的四足移动。build(发展)是谓语动词，与主语humans之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are built。 10．考查让步状语从句。句意：无论麦卡锡对这项运动说了什么，我确实看到了因爬跑而导致的鼻骨骨折、手腕受伤和肩部问题。结合句意，“____ McCarthy has said about the sport”是让步状语从句，此处表示“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填Whatever。 （2025·上海宝山·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In March of 2023, a strange video of Will Smith eating spaghetti was created using an early text-to-video AI tool called ModelScope and released on Reddit, a popular content-sharing platform. The technology, while impressive, was deeply limited in its ability to accurately represent the text hint some users even described the video as “nightmarish”. Little did they know that a year later text-to-video AI would be creating videos so realistic 1 they would blur (模糊) the line between the digital and the real. If you've ever used a text-to-image generative AI tool like DALL-E, you'll see that text-to-video tools work in a similar way. The user provides a hint, like “cat swimming in a fish tank,” and the tool creates a video 2 (base) on everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. The tool makes use of what are known as “visual patches (补丁)”, building blocks of data 3 help the AI to understand how everything in the scene should interact and progress, frame by frame. Tools that are based on a spread system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained 4 (recognize) objects so they can improve images by deleting the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker 5 (melt) raw gold multiple times in order to remove all its useless elements. One of the remarkable things about OpenAI’s Sora is that it can generate content in a variety of styles. When the project 6 (disclose) last February, OpenAI claimed that “Sora can generate videos up to a minute long while maintaining visual quality and according to the user's hint.” But there are limits of Sora’s capabilities. As OpenAI shows in some demo videos, the physics of how objects interact in the videos doesn't always make sense. Sometimes people or objects 7 (mix) together, transform into other things, disappear or appear out of nowhere. But if the technology can appear suddenly from the strange spaghetti video to 8 it is now in a year, these limitations probably won't last long. Besides OpenAI's Sora, Google has two products called Lumiere and VideoPoet, but like Sora, they 9 not be open for public use yet. These tools are still being seriously tested and improved to ensure that people can't use them to produce inappropriate content or break laws. In the meantime, you can still experiment with simple text-to-video tools 10 invideo AI, a creation and education in mind. It's perfect for creating online courses, “explainer” videos or providing visuals for a short story. 【答案】 1．that 2．based 3．that/which 4．to recognize 5．melting 6．was disclosed 7．will mix 8．where 9．may 10．like 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当前人工智能领域中，特别是文本到视频生成技术的最新进展和应用。 1．考查固定搭配。句意：当时人们不会想到，一年后的文本生成视频AI竟能创造出如此逼真的影像，以至于模糊了数字与现实的界限。so...that...“如此……以至于”的固定搭配。故填that。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：用户输入如“猫在鱼缸里游泳”的提示后，工具会基于其对猫、水、鱼类及物理交互的全部认知生成视频。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词base与句子的主语the tool之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词based作状语。故填based。 3．考查定语从句。句意：该工具利用了所谓的“视觉补丁”，这些是数据的基本构建模块，能够帮助人工智能逐帧理解场景中所有元素之间的相互作用以及如何发展。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词blocks of data进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：基于扩散系统的工具，例如OpenAI的Sora，经过训练能够识别物体，从而通过删除错误的视觉区块来提升图像质量。train somebody to do“训练某人做某事”是固定搭配，不定式作补足语，此处用的是被动语态。故填to recognize。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一过程可以与一名工人多次熔化生金以去除所有无用成分相提并论。空处为非谓语动词，a worker 与melt为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填melting。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：当该项目于去年二月公布时，OpenAI声称“Sora能够生成长达一分钟的视频，同时保持视觉质量并根据用户的提示进行创作”。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语last February可知，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时；主语the project与动词disclose之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was disclosed。 7．考查情态动词和动词。句意：有时，人物或物体可能会相互融合、变形为其他事物、凭空消失或突然出现。根据句意和句中的sometimes可知，此处“叙述在某种情况下是真实或可能的事”，所以应该用情态动词will。故填will mix。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：但如果这项技术能在短短一年内从奇特的意大利面视频发展到如今的水平，那么这些限制可能不会持续太久。根据句意和空格前的介词to可知，空格后的部分是名宾语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“(在)……的地方；(在)……情况下”，所以，应该用连接副词where。故填where。 9．考查情态动词。句意：除了OpenAI的Sora之外，谷歌还有两款名为Lumiere和VideoPoet的产品，但和Sora一样，这些产品可能尚未对公众开放使用。根据句意和空格后的动词原形be可知，空格处应该填入一个情态动词，且意义为“可能”，所以应该用may。故填may。 10．考查介词。句意：与此同时，你仍然可以尝试一些简单的文本到视频的工具，比如invideo AI，它以创作和教育为目的。根据句意和空格后的例子invideo AI可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“像，比如”，所以应该用介词like。故填like。 （2025·上海杨浦·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. German Subway Station Catches Everyone’s Attention If you have the chance to travel to Frankfurt, it’s worth making a stop at the Bockenheimer Warte subway station just to see its unique entryway. 1 has a vivid imagination might be convinced of the existence of powerful supervillains (超级反派). The eye-catching architecture that marks the entrance to the station looks as if a 2 (threaten) giant has lifted up a tram car and thrown it into the solid concrete sidewalk. In reality, it has a much 3 (practical) origin. The construction of this station entrance, which looks particularly like the wreckage of a trolley car half buried in the ground, 4 (credit) to an architect named Zbigniew Peter Pininski. 5 (feature) familiar objects, such as apples, eggs, birds, pipes, and clocks, in unusual contexts, he was able to arouse a sense of wonder and curiosity among viewers. In addition to his love for abstract art, Pininski also had another reason 6 accounted for his motivation to build such a unique subway entrance. At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal 7 (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. Many of the local residents were concerned about the impact the construction and development 8 (have) on the community. The issue led to a fierce debate, with some people opposed to the project. Pininski’s unusual design helped win over enough support for the subway station to get “the green light”, and it was built in 1986. While some residents still complained about the expansion of the subway network into their area, Pininski’s creative architecture won praise from many 9 .It has even become a tourist attraction for people to shoot photos of themselves near what could be described 10 a work of art. Magritte, the late Belgian surrealist master, would have approved of the Bockenheimer Warte subway station. 【答案】 1．Whoever 2．threatening 3．more practical 4．was credited 5．Featuring 6．that/which 7．to extend 8．would have 9．others 10．as 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国法兰克福Bockenheimer Warte地铁站的独特入口设计，包括其外观特点、设计师的创意来源、设计背后的故事以及该设计对当地社区和游客的影响。 1．考查主语从句。句意：任何一个想象力丰富的人可能都会相信强大超级反派的存在。空处为主语从句的引导词；主语从句中缺少主语，意为“任何一个……的人”，用whoever引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。 2．考查形容词。句意：这个引人注目的车站入口建筑，看起来就像是一个极具威胁性的巨人举起了一辆有轨电车，并把它扔到了坚硬的水泥人行道上。空处为修饰名词用形容词，意为“有威胁性的”，用threatening作定语。故填threatening。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：而实际上，它的由来要实用得多。空处为形容词形式修饰名词，根据空前的“much”以及句意可知，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填more practical。 4．考查短语和时态。句意：这个看起来特别像一辆半埋在地下的电车残骸的车站入口的建造归功于一位名叫 Zbigniew Peter Pininski 的建筑师。空处为本句谓语动词；be credited to为固定短语，意为“归功于”，句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语为The construction，是单数，be动词用was。故填was credited。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：他将苹果、鸡蛋、鸟、管道和时钟等常见物品置于不寻常的场景中，从而能够唤起观者的惊奇感和好奇心。空处为非谓语动词担当状语；主语he和feature之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Featuring。 6．考查定语从句。句意：除了对抽象艺术的热爱之外，Pininski打造这样一个独特的地铁站入口还有另外一个原因。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为reason，指物，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，这个地铁站还只是法兰克福地铁系统扩建的一个提议。空处为非谓语动词形式，担当名词proposal的后置定语，用动词不定式形式。故填to extend。 8．考查动词时态。句意：许多当地居民担心建设和开发会给社区带来影响。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可判断，此处表示从过去的角度看将来会发生的动作，应用过去将来时；主语the construction and development和动词have之间为主动关系。故填would have。 9．考查代词。句意：尽管一些居民仍然抱怨地铁网络扩展到了他们所在的区域，但Pininski富有创意的建筑却赢得了许多其他人的赞誉。空处为代词形式，意为“其他人”，用代词others。故填others。 10．考查固定短语。句意：它甚至成为了一个旅游景点，人们会在这个可以被称为艺术品的地方附近自拍留念。固定短语：be described as，意为“被描述为、被称为……”，符合句意。故填as。 （2025·上海崇明·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Baby Hippo (河马) in Thailand Gets Official Song for Worldwide Fans A baby hippo in Thailand became famous earlier this year when zoo workers published images and videos of her online. Now the pygmy hippo (侏儒河马), named Moo Deng, has an official song and video released 1 several languages for her fans worldwide. Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee 2 (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed 3 they enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers. Moo Deng — which means “bouncy pork” in Thai — is a kind of meatball. The name, chosen by fans on social media, is similar to 4 of her two brothers: Moo Toon (stewed (炖制的) pork) and Moo Waan (sweet pork). Moo Deng’s popularity has spread internationally and she has gained the attention of some professional sports teams. Fans say her name fits her lively personality. Moo Deng likes to “deng” or bounce, and her bouncing behavior has led to countless internet memes (表情包). The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer 5 (write) a special song for Moo Deng. The lively 50-second song, called, naturally, Moodeng, 6 (release) by one of Thailand’s biggest recording companies. GMM Music last week. A music video 7 goes along with the song shows the baby hippo bouncing around, playing with her keeper, or spending time with her mother, Jona. Moo Deng is now four months old. Officials estimated the baby hippo has brought in about 3,000 to 5,000 visitors a day on average 8 it became popular online. The zoo has been selling clothes, bedding and other products based on Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s 9 (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them 10 (leave) in the wild. All four versions of the Moo Deng song are available online. 【答案】 1．in 2．has been posting/has posted 3．how/that 4．those 5．to write 6．was released 7．that/which 8．since 9．breeding 10．left 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了泰国一只侏儒河马Moo Deng因其可爱的形象在网络上走红，随后获得了广泛的关注。 1．考查介词。句意：如今，名为Moo Deng的侏儒河马已经拥有了一首官方歌曲及视频，该作品以多种语言发布，供全球粉丝欣赏。“in + 语言”表示“用某种语言”，此处in several languages表示“用几种语言”。故填in。 2．考查动词时态。句意：过去几个月里，动物园工作人员阿塔蓬·农迪（Atthapon Nundee）一直在发布这只动物生活中的温馨瞬间。根据时间状语“for the past few months”可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，所以可以用现在完成进行时，表示一直在做某事；也可以用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，即发布了动物生活的甜蜜时刻，使河马受到了广泛关注。主语为Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee，助动词用has。故填has been posting/has posted。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：这只动物的粉丝们表示，他们非常喜欢看这只脸颊粉嫩的宝宝与她的妈妈和其他动物园工作人员积极互动。空处引导宾语从句，结构完整，意思也完整，所以可以用连接词that引导；也可以用how，表示“他们是多么喜欢看……”，强调喜欢的程度，故填how/that。 4．考查代词。句意：这个名字是由社交媒体上的粉丝们选出的，与她两个兄弟的名字风格相似：Moo Toon（炖猪肉）和Moo Waan（甜猪肉）。这里是在比较Moo Deng的名字和她两个兄弟的名字，the name是单数，而她两个兄弟的名字是复数，所以用those指代“the names”，避免重复，故填those。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：广泛的宣传促使一位著名的泰国作曲家为Moo Deng创作了一首特别的歌曲。lead sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“导致某人做某事；使某人做某事”。故填to write。 6．考查动词时态语态。句意：这首活泼的50秒歌曲，自然而然地被命名为《Moodeng》，由泰国最大的唱片公司之一发行。句子主语The lively 50-second song与release之间是被动关系，即这首歌被发布，且根据时间状语“last week”可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态was/were + 过去分词，主语是单数。故填was released。 7．考查定语从句。句意：与这首歌配套的音乐视频展示了小河马蹦蹦跳跳、与饲养员玩耍或与妈妈Jona相处的温馨画面。空处引导定语从句，先行词A music video，指物，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 8．考查连词。句意：官员们估计，自从这只小河马在网络上走红以来，平均每天吸引了约3000至5000名游客前来参观。表示“自从…… 以来”应用since引导时间状语从句。故填since。 9．考查形容词。句意：动物园园长纳隆威特·乔乔伊表示，Moo Deng带来的额外收入将帮助动物园开展许多濒危动物的繁殖计划，比如侏儒河马就面临着非法狩猎和栖息地丧失的威胁。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词programs。故填breeding。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：侏儒河马原产于西非，但专家表示，野外现存的侏儒河马数量仅剩2000至3000头。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，only 2,000-3,000 of them和leave为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填left。 （2025·上海黄浦·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to ‘Shift’ Big Feelings Emotions are a fundamental part of what makes us human. The current wisdom in therapy (心理治疗) and on social media is that we should face negative emotions head on — and that if we don’t, they will go bad inside of us. There’s no doubt that 1 (cope) with stressful situations through long-term avoidance is harmful and can lead to more psychological distress, but not all avoidance is bad. Sometimes, it’s best not to choose between approaching or avoiding, but to shift between 2 two intentionally. Avoidance can allow the intensity of a negative experience 3 (decrease). It can also provide distance 4 helps us see the experience from a broader perspective. How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is 5 I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me? Is this issue still a concern 6 I take some time away from it?” If you find that shifting your focus brings you relief and your concerns don’t resurface down the road, that 7 (count) as working. You might say something regrettable at a party, for instance, but instead of worrying about it, you distract yourself by watching funny videos that night. When we use the word “you,” it is almost only to refer to other people, Dr. Kross said. But when you use it on yourself, it’s a strategy 8 (know) as distanced self-talk, which can be a powerful way to regulate negative emotions. So instead of saying “I am stressed out,” which may cause your heart to race, tell yourself “ 9 are stressed out.” This casts you 10 the role of “someone else,” and may help you feel more sympathy and understand others’ feelings. 【答案】 1．coping/to cope 2．the/these 3．to decrease 4．that/which 5．what 6．after/when/if 7．counts/is counted 8．known 9．you 10．in/into 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了如何处理负面情绪的问题。 1．考查动名词和不定式。句意：毫无疑问，通过长期回避来应对压力是有害的，会导致更多的心理困扰，但并不是所有的回避都是不好的。空格处用动名词或不定式，在that引导的同位语从句中作主语，故填coping/to cope。 2．考查代词。句意：有时候，最好不要在接近或避免之间选择，而是有意地在这两者之间转换。由“approaching or avoiding”可知，此处指“有意地在这两者之间转换”，空格处用定冠词the特指前面的两者或用these指“这两者”，故填the/these。 3．考查不定式。句意：逃避可以让负面体验的强度降低。allow sb./sth. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“使……能够做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to decrease作宾语补足语。故填to decrease。 4．考查定语从句。句意：它还可以提供距离，帮助我们从更广阔的角度看待经历。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词distance是距离，因此空格处用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。 5．考查主语从句。句意：情绪研究者克罗斯博士建议问自己：“我正在做的事情是否让我对眼前的问题感觉更好？”“I’m doing”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“我正在做的事情”，因此用关系代词what引导主语从句，故填what。 6．考查连词。句意：在我暂时远离这个问题后/当我暂时远离这个问题时/如果我暂时远离这个问题，它是否还是我担忧的事情？由“I take some time away from it”可知，句子表示“在我暂时远离这个问题后/当我暂时远离这个问题时/如果我暂时远离这个问题，它是否还是我担忧的事情”，空格处意为“在……之后/当……时/如果”，空格处可用after/when引导时间状语从句，或if引导条件状语从句，故填after/when/if。 7．考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你发现转移注意力能让你放松，而且之后担忧的事情也没有再浮现，那就说明这样做是有效的。由find可知，句子时态用一般现在时，sth. count as/sth. be counted as是固定短语，意为“某物可以算作/某物被认为是”，that作主语谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是counts/is counted。故填counts/is counted。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：但当你把“你”这个词用在自己身上时，这就是一种被称为“自我疏离式对话”的策略，它是一种调节负面情绪的强大方法。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，strategy和know之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填known。 9．考查代词。句意：所以，不要说“我压力很大”，这可能会让你心跳加速，而是告诉自己“你压力很大”。根据语境和前面的“cause your heart to race”及后面的“are stressed out”可知，句子表示“不要说‘我压力很大’”，这可能会让你心跳加速，而是告诉自己“你压力很大””，空格处用you表示“你”，故填you。 10．考查介词。句意：这会让你扮演“他人”的角色，可能会帮助你更有同情心，更理解他人的感受。cast sb. in/into the role of是固定短语，意为“使某人扮演……的角色”，因此空格处是介词in/into。故填in/into。 （2025·上海奉贤·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank Middle East’s Dark Sky Hubs Sara Sami vividly recalls the first time she truly saw the stars. The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide 1 (search) for a spot in Saudi Arabia — a massive cliff overlooking a vast desert — when she unexpectedly found herself under an amazing night sky. “There was a blanket of stars right above me, “Sami reminisces.” I 2 see thousands of them stretching endlessly. It was a breathtaking sight.” Ever since that night, Saudi Arabia has become her top stargazing destination. Sami has traveled numerous times from her home in Bahrain, a small island nation 3 (connect)to Saudi Arabia by a 15-mile causeway. She seeks out places with undisturbed darkness, far from towns and cities, 4 she can see the Milky Way. It was literally in the middle of a desert: there was an abandoned village with broken houses. 5 the atmosphere was frightening and filled with an unsettling stillness, the sky was stunningly beautiful. In November last year, another nature reserve, near the ancient oasis city of AlUla, 6 (name)the first-ever Dark Sky Park in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia joined 21 other countries on its list of certified Dark Sky Places, with the US and New Zealand 7 (top) the list. “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring 8 , if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. Specifically, these shades are designed to direct the light down 9 up.” The local observatory is currently developing an outdoor lighting guide for new and existing developments within AlUla County. This guide will enable residents and visitors to see the night sky above AlUla in all its natural beauty for years 10 (come). This ongoing effort reflects a broader commitment to preserving the night sky for future generations. 【答案】 1．was searching 2．could 3．connected 4．where 5．Although/ While/Though 6．was named 7．topping 8．that 9．rather than 10．to come 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了摄影师萨拉·萨米在沙特阿拉伯观星的经历，以及沙特阿拉伯致力于保护夜空。 1．考查时态。句意：这位38岁的摄影师兼旅游导游正在沙特阿拉伯寻找一个地方——一个俯瞰广阔沙漠的巨大悬崖——这时她意外地发现自己在一个惊人的夜空下。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…表示“正在做某事，这时……”，发生在过去的某个时刻用过去进行时，主语为The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide，谓语用单数。故填was searching。 2．考查情态动词。句意：我可以看到成千上万的山峦绵延不绝。后跟动词原形，表示“可以，能够”用can，发生在过去用could。故填could。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：萨米已经很多次从她在巴林的家出发，巴林是一个小岛国，通过一条15英里长的堤道与沙特阿拉伯相连。此处为独立主格结构，且island与connect为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填connected。 4．考查定语从句。句意：她寻找远离城镇、黑暗不受干扰的地方，在那里她可以看到银河。此处非限制性定语从句修饰先行词places，在从句作地点状语，故填where。 5．考查状语从句。句意：虽然气氛令人恐惧，充满了令人不安的寂静，但天空却美得惊人。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用although、while或though，首字母大写。故填Although/While/Though。 6．考查时态语态。句意：去年11月，另一个自然保护区，靠近古老的绿洲城市AlUla，被命名为中东第一个黑暗天空公园。主语another nature reserve与谓语name构成被动关系，根据上文In November last year可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was named。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：沙特阿拉伯和其他21个国家一起获得了“黑暗天空之地”的认证，美国和新西兰位居榜首。此处为with的复合结构，且US and New Zealand与top构成主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填topping。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：2334平方公里的自然保护区致力于保护夜空，其中包括精心的照明设计，如尽可能确保灯光配备遮光罩，以尽量减少光污染。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分或句意，故用that。故填that。 9．考查固定短语。句意：具体来说，这些阴影的设计是为了引导光线向下而不是向上。表示“而不是”短语为rather than，说明光线引导的方向，即“向下而不是向上”。故填rather than。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：本指南将使居民和游客能够在未来几年里看到阿尔乌拉上空的夜空。短语for years to come表示“在今后的几年里”。故填to come。 （2025·上海松江·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Small Breaks, Big Benefits Training for a marathon is one route to fitness and building very short “micro walks” into your day may also be a path to better health. Researchers found that when people broke up a walk into periods of 10 to 30 seconds, 1 short breaks in between, they used up to 60 per cent more energy than covering the same stretch in one go. According to the professor of the University of Milan, Dr Francesco Luciano, 2 led the study, the main message should be that brief moments of physical activity, such as getting to your feet to make a cup of tea, can make a surprisingly large difference to 3 calories you burn. “Breaking up motionless periods with brief walk greatly increases energy consumed daily and 4 (improve) health.” This is the direct quote from Dr Francesco Luciano and his colleagues in Proceedings B, an influential journal 5 (publish) to present the latest biological research. The NHS recommends that adults aged 19 to 64 get at least 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of intense activity weekly. However, research has presented conclusive evidence that even very short intervals of activity 6 be beneficial. The latest research, which hundreds of participants took part in, involved 7 (measure) the amount of energy people consumed while walking on an exercise machine or climbing stairs. Ten volunteers walked or climbed for different amounts of time, including short intervals of either 10 or 30 seconds, or longer 8 of up to four minutes. After each period of activity, they paused for several minutes. “We found that walking in 9 (short) periods requires more energy — and more oxygen — to cover the same walking length, compared to covering it continuously. It’s like a car using more fuel during the first few kilometres,” he said. While breaking long walks into short intervals might not be practical in terms of length covered, Luciano emphasized that 10 possible, people should take a few steps to break up sitting time. 【答案】 1．with 2．who 3．how many 4．improves 5．published 6．can/will 7．measuring 8．ones 9．shorter 10．whenever/when/if 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过米兰大学的研究表明，将长时间静坐打断为短暂步行（10-30秒）能显著增加能量消耗（高达60%），改善健康。 1．考查介词。句意：研究人员发现，当人们将一次散步分成10到30秒的时间段，中间有短暂的休息时，他们消耗的能量比一次走完同样的路程要多60%。分析句子结构可知，此处需使用介词“with”表示“有”。故填with。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科·卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里数量产生惊人的巨大影响。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词Dr Francesco Luciano指人，且从句中缺少主语，因此使用关系代词who在从句中作主语。故填who。 3．考查固定短语。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科·卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里产生惊人的巨大影响。分析句子结构可知，该句为宾语从句，作介词“to”的宾语，“how many”表示“多少”，用于修饰可数名词复数“calories”，它引导的宾语从句“how many calories you burn”表示“你燃烧的卡路里数量”，整个从句作介词“to”的宾语。故填how many。 4．考查动词。句意：这项研究的负责人、米兰大学教授弗朗西斯科·卢西亚诺博士表示，主要的信息应该是，短暂的体育活动，比如站起来泡杯茶，会对你燃烧的卡路里数量产生惊人的巨大影响。用短暂的散步来打破不动的时期，大大增加了每天消耗的能量，改善了健康。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，连词and后improve（提高）与increases（增加）一起作并列谓语，时态语态需保持一致，因此也需使用一般现在时的三单形式。故填improves。 5．考查非谓语。句意：这是弗朗西斯科·卢西亚诺博士和他的同事在《论文集B》上的直接引用，这是一份发表最新生物学研究的有影响力的杂志。句中已有谓语is，空处在句中应使用其非谓语形式，主语this与publish（发表）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。 6．考查情态动词。句意：然而，研究已经提供了确凿的证据表明，即使是非常短的运动间隔也是有益的。根据be动词的原形可知，空处应使用情态动词，表示“短时间的运动对于健康有益”这种可能性，可使用情态动词can/will，表示“能够/将会”。故填can/will。 7．考查非谓语。句意：这项最新研究有数百名参与者参与，测量了人们在健身器上行走或爬楼梯时消耗的能量。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语involve doing sth.，意为“涉及；包含”，应使用其动名词形式。故填measuring。 8．考查代词。句意：10名志愿者步行或攀登不同的时间，包括10秒或30秒的短间隔，或长达4分钟的长间隔。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少宾语，且该句提到不同时长的运动，因此可使用代词ones指代前文中的intervals，指更长的“时间段”。故填ones。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们发现，与连续行走相比，短时间行走需要更多的能量和更多的氧气来完成相同的行走长度。后文提到“compared to covering it continuously(与连续行走相比)”说明与持续走路相比，应该是更短时间走路，应使用形容词比较级形式。故填shorter。 10．考查状语从句省略。句意：虽然将长时间的步行分成短时间的间隔可能不太实际，但卢西亚诺强调，只要有可能/在任何可能是时候，人们应该采取一些措施来打破坐着的时间。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“在任何可能的时候，人们都应该起身走几步，打破长时间的久坐。”，因此可使用whenever/when引导时间状语从句，其完整形式是 “whenever/when it is possible”，同时，此处也可以表示“如果可能的话”，因此可以使用if引导条件状语从句，其完整形式是 “if it is possible”。故填whenever/when/if。 （2025·上海青浦·二模）Directions:  After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.  For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Stop Taking Bad Advice “Wait your turn.” “Stay in your lane.” “Fake it till you make it.” If you’ve worked in any professional environment, you’ve probably heard advice like this and even taken it. At first glance, it seems harmless — motivational, even. But dig deeper, and you’ll find these statements can often serve to stop progress, mask deeper problems, or encourage 1 (healthy) workplace norms. Understanding 2 we fall for bad advice is the first step in resisting it. In workplaces, those in a high social position often increase the influence of certain voices. A boss’s suggestion, however misguided, can feel like an instruction 3 a choice. Research shows that people are more likely to follow advice when it comes from someone they perceive as an expert, 4 the advice isn’t consistent with their own judgment. A concept I 5 (research) extensively, insinuation anxiety, is the discomfort we feel when signaling that someone might be wrong or untrustworthy. Rejecting advice directly can also risk social negative feedback. This anxiety keeps many of us silent, 6 (lead) us to follow advice we do not trust. Every time we act on bad advice, we sacrifice 7 — our time, our resources, or our confidence. Breaking the cycle of following bad advice doesn’t mean rejecting all guidance — it means learning to evaluate advice critically and match it to your goals and values. Here’s how to start: Pause before you act When 8 (face) with advice, take a moment to assess it. Giving yourself this space allows you to move from a reactive response to a thoughtful one. When I finally questioned the advice to “just be patient,” I realized it 9 (hold) me back. By taking proactive steps — seeking mentors outside of the workplace and pursuing my values — I started shaping my own career path, and you can do the same. Trust your expertise Remember, you bring your own knowledge and experience to the table. If advice conflicts with your better judgment, trust yourself to make the call. Research shows that people feel more, not less, guilty when they follow advice 10 they know is wrong and a bad outcome occurs. 【答案】 1．less healthy 2．why/how 3．rather than/instead of 4．even if/even though 5．have researched/am researching/have been researching 6．leading 7．something 8．faced 9．was holding/had held 10．that/which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何避免接受不良建议。 1．考查形容词比较级。句意：但深入挖掘，你会发现这些说法往往会阻碍进步，掩盖更深层次的问题，或者鼓励不健康的工作场所规范。根据前文“stop progress, mask deeper problems”可知，这些说法带来的是不好的影响，所以此处应表示 “不太健康的” 职场规范，healthy的降级比较级less healthy符合语境，less表示“否定、减少”的含义。故填less healthy。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：理解我们为什么会/如何接受不良建议是抵制它的第一步。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语或方式状语，表示“为什么”或“如何”，故填why/how。 3．考查介词短语。句意：老板的建议，即使被误导，也可能感觉像是一个指示而不是一个选择。根据前文“A boss’s suggestion, however misguided, can feel like an instruction”可知，此处应填表示“而不是”的介词短语，故填rather than/instead of。 4．考查让步状语从句。句意：研究表明，即使建议与他们自己的判断不一致，人们也更有可能听从他们认为是专家的人的建议。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故填even if/even though。 5．考查时态。句意：我广泛研究过的一个概念，暗示焦虑，是当我们暗示某人可能错了或不可信时感到的不适。根据语境可知，空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，定语从句修饰先行词 A concept；此处可以表示过去的研究，用一般过去时；也可以表示现在正在进行的研究，用现在进行时；还可以表示从过去到现在一直在进行的研究，用现在完成进行时，故填have researched/am researching/ have been researching。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种焦虑让我们很多人保持沉默，导致我们听从我们不信任的建议。空处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词，故填leading。 7．考查代词。句意：每次我们按照不良建议行事，我们都会牺牲一些东西——我们的时间、我们的资源或我们的信心。根据后文“our time, our resources, or our confidence”可知，此处应填表示“某物”的代词，故填something。 8．考查状语从句的省略。句意：当面对建议时，花点时间评估一下。空处是时间状语从句的省略，本句中主语可以理解为you，从句完整结构为：When you are faced with advice，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词，可以省略主语+be动词，用过去分词，故填faced。 9．考查时态。句意：当我终于质疑“要有耐心”的建议时，我意识到它一直在阻碍我/已经阻碍了我。根据语境可知，空格处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主句的谓语动词是realized，此处可以表示过去某个时间一直在进行的动作，用过去进行时；也可以表示realized之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时，故填was holding/had held。 10．考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，当人们听从他们知道是错误的建议并且出现不良后果时，他们会感到更内疚，而不是更少。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词advice，指物，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 （2025·上海金山·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Stand-up comedy in China Stand-up comedy, originating in the United States, has gained global appeal, including in China. 1 the first Chinese stand-up comedy club was set up in Shenzhen in 2009, this form of entertainment was relatively unknown to most Chinese audiences. But the growing popularity of stand-up comedy in China 2 (demonstrate) that humor has no borders. Another two stand-up comedy industry leaders in China 3 (establish) in 2014 and 2017 respectively. Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains 4 stand-up comedy is so popular in China. According to him, the comedy matches modern online trends. Comedians often talk about current social issues in short and direct ways, 5 fits well with the fast-paced, short videos people enjoy online. The topics are also closely related to young people, who are a key audience. He adds that stand-up comedy is easy to start because it doesn’t require special skills. Anyone, 6 age or gender, can try it. This makes it widely appealing in China. In a regular comedy show, each comedian usually performs for about 15 minutes. However, in a comedy special (专场) 7 (focus) on one comedian, the performance lasts around 60 minutes. This longer format requires more work on the script (稿), making the content 8 (rich), so the audience always feels it’s worth their time. Stand-up comedy, with performers’ raw personal struggles 9 (transform) into universally relatable humor, has grown from small, underground clubs to becoming a mainstream part of popular culture. The competition is intense, with new shows constantly appearing and older ones innovating 10 (stay) relevant. One thing is clear: what was once a niche (小众的) activity is now everywhere in China and shows no signs of disappearing. 【答案】 1．When 2．demonstrates 3．were established 4．why 5．which 6．regardless of 7．focusing 8．richer 9．transformed 10．to stay 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了脱口秀起源于美国，在中国逐渐流行，分析了其在中国受欢迎的原因、表演形式，还指出它已从小众活动成为主流文化。 1．考查状语从句。句意：当2009年第一家中国脱口秀俱乐部在深圳成立时，这种娱乐形式对大多数中国观众来说还相对陌生。“the first Chinese stand up comedy club was set up in Shenzhen in 2009”是时间状语从句，结合语境，这里表示“当……时候”，用从属连词when引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填When。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但脱口秀在中国日益增长的受欢迎程度表明幽默无国界。demonstrate(表明)是谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是“the growing popularity”是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填demonstrates。 3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：另外两家中国脱口秀行业的领军机构分别于2014年和2017年成立。establish(建立)是谓语动词，与主语“Another two stand up comedy industry leaders”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“in 2014 and 2017 respectively”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，助动词用were。故填were established。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：中共党校教授王学斌解释了脱口秀为什么在中国如此受欢迎。“____ stand up comedy is so popular in China”是宾语从句，根据语境，这里要表达解释的内容是“为什么”脱口秀受欢迎，用连接副词why引导该从句并在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 5．考查定语从句。句意：喜剧演员经常以简短直接的方式谈论当前的社会问题，这很符合人们在网上喜欢的快节奏短视频。“____ fits well with the fast paced, short videos people enjoy online”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 6．考查介词短语。句意：任何人，无论年龄和性别，都可以尝试。根据语境，这里表示“无论”年龄和性别，用介词短语regardless of。故填regardless of。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在一场专注于一位喜剧演员的脱口秀专场中，表演持续约60分钟。“(focus) on one comedian”作后置定语，focus(专注)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“a comedy special”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填focusing。 8．考查形容词比较级。句意：这种较长的形式需要在剧本上做更多的工作，使内容更丰富，所以观众总是觉得很值得花时间。根据“This longer format requires more work on the script”可知，和普通表演相比，内容会“更丰富”，用形容词rich的比较级richer，作宾语补足语。故填richer。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：脱口秀将表演者真实的个人奋斗转化为普遍能引起共鸣的幽默，已经从地下小俱乐部发展成为流行文化的主流部分。“with performers’ raw personal struggles (transform) into universally relatable humor”是with的复合结构，transform(转化)是宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“performers’ raw personal struggles”之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填transformed。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：竞争很激烈，新节目不断涌现，老节目不断创新以跟上潮流。“(stay) relevant”是“older ones innovating”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to stay。 （2025·上海长宁·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dig holes across the country Published in 1998, Louis Sachar’s book, Holes, has won lots of awards. A film version of it was released in 2003, 1 (produce) in a professional manner by Disney. Then, in 2018, the Nottingham Playhouse Theatre Company created a stage show that was motivated by both the book and the Hollywood film. Now, that show, 2 was a huge success when it first came out, is coming back to the stage and will be going on a tour across England. 3 Holes tells is the story of Stanley Yelnats, a boy born into a poor family. Yelnats 4 (accuse) of a crime he didn’t commit. Sent to a prison camp in the desert, Yelnats must spend his days 5 (dig) holes amid poisonous snakes under the instruction of a strict prison officer. 6 Yelnats is told that this is to “build character”, he soon unearths a mystery buried deep beneath the ground. Sachar’s story of hardship 7 (inspire) book readers and film audiences for years. The stage show is being brought back and performed around the country by the Children’s Theatre Partnership (CTP). The CTP was founded in 2010, 8 the purpose of producing and touring theatre shows that are aimed at young people. Holes is the first of three shows 9 (take) on tour over the next three years. A new cast of actors is bringing the book’s characters to life, from a script (剧本) that was written by Sachar himself, so 10 can match the authenticity of this adaptation. The tour of Holes started in Northampton on 24 January and will be traveling across England before finishing in Canterbury on 30 May. If you want to find out more about the show and where it’s on, and to book tickets, visit holesonstage.co.uk 【答案】 1．produced 2．which 3．What 4．is accused 5．digging 6．Although/Though/While 7．has inspired/has been inspiring 8．with 9．to be taken 10．few 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了路易斯·萨查尔（Louis Sachar）于1998年出版的获奖小说《洞》（Holes）及其改编作品。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的电影版本于2003年发行，由迪士尼以专业的方式制作。句子已有谓语动词“was released”，因此空处需填非谓语动词，动词produce与逻辑主语A film version of it之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式表被动。故填produced。 2．考查定语从句。句意：现在，那部首次上演就取得巨大成功的剧目将重返舞台，并将在英国各地进行巡演。空处应填关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“that show”，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词“which”引导。故填which。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：《洞》讲述的是斯坦利·耶尔纳茨的故事，他是一个出生在贫困家庭的孩子。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，所以空处应填连接词，从句中tells后缺少宾语，指物，表示“……的事情”，所以用连接代词“what”引导，句子开头字母大写。故填What。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：耶尔纳茨被指控犯了一项他没有犯的罪。空处为句子谓语动词；再根据句意及空前的“… Holes tells is the story of Stanley Yelnats”可知，此处描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词accuse与主语Yelnats之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is accused。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：因为被送到了沙漠中的劳改营，耶尔纳茨必须在一位严厉的狱警的指挥下，每天在有毒蛇出没的地方挖洞。must spend是句子谓语动词，所以空处填非谓语动词；spend+时间+ (in) doing sth.为固定用法，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以空处需填动名词形式。故填digging。 6．考查状语从句。句意：尽管耶尔纳茨被告知这是为了“塑造性格”，但他很快就揭开了一个深埋在地下的秘密。空处填从属连词引导状语从句；根据句意可知，although/though/while都可表示“尽管，虽然”。句首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，萨查尔关于苦难的故事一直激励着书籍读者和电影观众。空处为句子谓语动词；根据时间状语“for years”可知，句子应用现在完成时（have/has done）或现在完成进行时（have/has been doing），表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并还可能继续持续下去的动作；又因为主语Sachar’s story of hardship为第三人称单数，助动词用“has”。故填has inspired/been inspiring。 8．考查介词固定搭配。句意：CTP成立于2010年，目的是制作和巡演针对年轻人的戏剧节目。根据句意可知，此处表示“目的是”，可用固定短语with the purpose of。故填with。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：《洞》是未来三年将进行巡演的三部剧目中的第一部。句子已有谓语动词“is”，因此空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词shows；动词take与shows之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“over the next three years”可知，动作发生在将来，所以用不定式的被动形式“to be taken”作后置定语。故填to be taken。 10．考查代词。句意：一批新的演员正在将书中的角色栩栩如生地呈现出来，他们依据的是萨查尔自己编写的剧本，因此很少有（改编作品）能匹配这种改编的真实性。空后的can match是句子的谓语动词，空处可填代词作主语；又根据语境可知，此处表示“没有什么（改编作品）能匹配这种改编的真实性”，空处需填表示否定意义的代词；“few”表示“很少”，表示否定意义，可用于可数名词前，也可单独使用，在此处可指代“改编作品”，与题意相符。故填few。 （2025·上海普陀·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Nature Lover? It May Be Written in Your Genes Our love of the natural world is partially baked into our genes, a study by researchers from the University of Queensland and the National University of Singapore suggests. Using data collected by TwinsUK, the most detailed and extensive twin study ever 1 (carry) out, the team compared the genetic heritability of two types of trait — how strongly a person feels connected to nature, and the amount of time 2 they spend in nature — in more than 1,000 sets of twins. They found that identical twins, who share almost all of their genes, were more similar to each other than fraternal twins, who share around half of their genes, 3 their appreciation of nature. This genetic influence 4 (observe) in between 34 per cent for frequency of garden visits and 44 per cent for public nature space visits, they said. “We were truly surprised by 5 we uncovered,” said study co-author Prof Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland. “This means there may be inborn genetic differences among people’s psychological connection with nature and how they experience 6 . Our results help to explain why some people have a stronger desire than others 7 (be) in nature.” Previous studies have shown that, 8 people are raised and live in an urban or rural environment, it influences how strongly they want to be among nature or seek out outdoor experiences. However, this is a novel study 9 (involve) the suggestion that genetics plays a role in how strongly we feel a connection to nature. As more and more people living in urban areas are reporting lower levels of well-being, and are at a 10 (high) risk of mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety than before, the study highlights the importance of bringing people closer to nature, the researchers say. 【答案】 1．carried 2．that/which 3．in 4．was observed/had been observed 5．what 6．it 7．to be 8．whether 9．involving 10．higher 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了昆士兰大学和新加坡国立大学的研究，表明人们对自然的热爱部分源于基因，还指出基因对与自然接触的影响及亲近自然的重要性。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：利用TwinsUK收集的数据，这是有史以来进行的最详细、最广泛的双胞胎研究，该团队比较了1000多对双胞胎中两种特征的遗传率——一个人与自然的联系有多紧密，以及他们在大自然中度过的时间有多长。“(carry) out”作后置定语，carry out(执行，实施)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语“the most detailed and extensive twin study”之间是被动关系，且这里表示已经完成的动作，用过去分词表被动和完成。故填carried。 2．考查定语从句。句意：利用TwinsUK收集的数据，这是有史以来进行的最详细、最广泛的双胞胎研究，该团队比较了1000多对双胞胎中两种特征的遗传率——一个人与自然的联系有多紧密，以及他们在大自然中度过的时间有多长。“_____ they spend in nature”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the amount of time，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 3．考查介词。句意：他们发现，几乎拥有所有相同基因的同卵双胞胎在对自然的欣赏方面比拥有约一半相同基因的异卵双胞胎更相似。be similar in是固定搭配，意为“在……方面相似的”；in表示“在……方面”。故填in。 4．考查时态语态。句意：他们表示，这种遗传影响体现在34%的花园访问频率差异和44%的公共自然空间访问频率差异中。observe((在科学研究中)观测)是谓语动词，与主语This genetic influence是被动关系，根据语境，动作发生在过去，可用一般过去时的被动语态was observed，也可理解为动作发生在“他们表示”之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时的被动语态had been observed。故填was observed/had been observed。 5．考查宾语从句。句意：“我们对所发现的感到非常惊讶，”昆士兰大学的研究合著者理查德·富勒教授说。“_____ we uncovered”是宾语从句，从句中谓语动词uncovered缺少宾语，表示“我们所发现的事情”，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 6．考查代词。句意：这意味着人们与自然的心理联系以及他们如何体验自然可能存在天生的基因差异。根据句意，名词“nature”作“experience”的宾语，用指示代词it指代。故填it。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的研究结果有助于解释为什么有些人比其他人更渴望身处自然之中。have a desire to do sth.是固定用法，意为“有做某事的欲望”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to be。 8．考查连词。句意：先前的研究表明，无论人们是在城市还是农村环境中长大和生活，这都会影响他们对融入自然或寻求户外体验的渴望程度。whether...or...表示“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。故填whether。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这是一项新颖的研究，涉及到基因在我们与自然的联系强度方面发挥作用的观点。“(involve) the suggestion that genetics plays a role in how strongly we feel a connection to nature”作后置定语，involve(涉及到)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语novel study之间主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填involving。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员表示，随着越来越多居住在城市地区的人报告称幸福感降低，并且比以前患抑郁症和焦虑症等心理健康障碍的风险更高，这项研究凸显了让人们更亲近自然的重要性。根据“than before”可知，用提示词比较级higher作定语，意为“更高的”。故填higher。 难度分布 较易 适中 较难 6.25 50 43.75 试卷第32页，共33页 试卷第33页，共33页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 专题01 语法填空（16区二模真题速递） 全篇题型分析 题号 难度系数 详细知识点 1 0.85 动物；科普知识 2 0.65 科普知识 ；方法/策略 3 0.65 探险旅行 4 0.65 学校生活 5 0.65 个人经历；生活故事 6 0.65 体育健身 7 0.65 人工智能 8 0.65 建筑 9 0.4 动物 10 0.65 情绪；方法/策略 11 0.4 天体和宇宙；环境保护 12 0.4 科普知识 13 0.4 方法/策略 14 0.4 社会问题与社会现象；文化传播 15 0.4 电影与戏剧 16 0.4 科普知识 （2025·上海徐汇·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Horses are smarter than they’re given credit for Horses are capable of strategic thinking and planning ahead, a new study has found. Researchers at Nottingham Trent University made a game for horses 1 they had to touch a piece of card with their noses to get a treat. They made it progressively harder, and discovered that the horses all changed their strategies in the most difficult stage 2 (ensure) they would continue getting treats. The study 3 (involve) 20 horses, who were initially rewarded with a treat for touching a piece of card with their noses. In the second stage, a “stop light” was introduced, and the rule was changed so that the reward was only given 4 they touched the card when the light was off. This did not alter the behaviour of the horses, as they 5 (observe) touching the card regardless of the status of the light. In the final stage, researchers introduced a “punishment” element of a 10-second timeout 6 playing or receiving any rewards for touching the card while the stop light was on. At this point, all the horses suddenly began to play the game correctly, only touching the card when it would lead to a treat. Instantly 7 (switch) strategies in this way indicates the horses understood the rule of the stop light the entire time, but had no reason to follow the rule when there was no consequence for getting it wrong. This showed the animals have the ability to think and plan ahead — something previously 8 (consider) to be beyond their capacity. “It’s fascinating because they have a very underdeveloped pre-frontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is 9 we typically credit with producing that type of thinking in humans. This means they must be using another area of the brain to achieve a similar result,” said Dr Carrie Ijichi, a senior researcher at NTU. “This teaches us that we 10 not make assumptions about animal intelligence based on whether they are 'built' just like us,” she said. （2025·上海浦东新·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The power of the pen Numerous studies highlight the psychological benefits of writing. For example, researchers found that participants who engaged in a six-week program of expressive writing improved their mental toughness. In another study, researchers analyzed brain scans to see how writing about negative events affected the way such events 1 (process) and handled. They concluded that expressive writing might be an effective tool to address negative emotions and 2 writing about a past failure could improve learning. Last year, brain researchers demonstrated that writing by hand 3 typing with a keyboard promoted more complex brain connectivity, which was crucial for memory formation. These findings suggest that the process of writing allows you 4 (clarify) thoughts and “internalize” them, thus increasing the benefits. To cultivate the habit of writing, try the two tips.    Write to people you love. When you write with your audience in mind, you relate to them. Most importantly, you share something precious with loved ones. Think of how you felt the last time someone you cared about 5 (take) time to write you a heartfelt message. You can even use this as an opportunity to save relationships that need 6 (heal) or just to get an extra smile out of someone.    Write appreciation notes at work. When Doug Conant took over as CEO at Campbell’s, he transformed the company culture from unpleasant to award-winning. “Most cultures don’t do a good job of celebrating contributions, so I made 7 a practice to write thank-you notes to our employees.” Conant said, “Over 10 years, it amounted to more than 30,000 notes, 8 we had only 20,000 employees. Wherever I’d go in the world, you’d find my handwritten notes 9 (display) on employees’ bulletin boards(公告栏).” In today’s digital world 10 most communication is electronic, writing heartfelt thank-you notes enhances emotional intelligence and strengthens relationships. It makes your workplace or home better. （2025·上海嘉定·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Race to the Frozen North On April 6, 1909, six determined men stood at the top of the world, claiming victory over one of Earth’s last great frontiers — the North Pole. Their leader, Robert E. Peary, captured the historic moment in photographs as his team proudly held up their flags. Among them was Matthew Henson, an experienced explorer 1 skills had been vital to their success. He held a unique flag, 2 (sew) together from different pieces of fabric, while four expert Inuit hunters stood by his side. They guided the team through the endless frozen wilderness. Reaching this ice-covered world was not easy. Many had tried before them, only 3 (force) back by terrible conditions. Peary’s success was not just luck — it was careful strategy, perseverance, and the strength of his team. He relied heavily 4 Henson, who had journeyed with him through the Arctic before. Henson wasn’t just an explorer; he was a survivalist, trained by the Inuit (因纽特人) in the art of handling the ice. But no amount of skill 5 make overcoming the Arctic any easier. The wind screamed like a wild beast, and the temperature dropped to a freezing minus 60 degrees Fahrenheit. Henson later wrote in his journal, “Freezing of the whole front part of the face is an ordinary occurrence.” Ice formed on their skin, 6 (bite) deeper with every burst of wind. Frostbite (冻疮) was a constant threat. Peary himself had lost toes on earlier adventures. Despite 7 they endured, they kept pushing forward. Their food was simple but packed with energy: pemmican, a dense mixture of dried meat, animal fat, and berries. 8 it did little to satisfy true hunger, it did keep them alive. Their days were long and exhausting. Yet they refused to stop. Then, at last, they arrived. The vast, icy emptiness 9 (stretch) in every direction. Henson, moving quickly ahead, was the first to mark their achievement. When Peary arrived, they planted their flags, securing their place in history. The impossible 10 (conquer). （2025·上海闵行·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank. Interested in writing, photography or current events? Looking for an experience 1 (inspire) your college essays? Or hoping to explore a world-class city with new friends this summer? 2 so, check out the Boston University Summer Journalism Academy. It’s a program created and run by Boston University, 3 high school students:● Learn from award-winning, working journalists — including two who 4 (share) Pulitzer Prizes for their reporting. ● Report on actual events around Boston or your hometown. ● Place stories with Boston’s Daily Free Press, one of the top college newspapers. ● Improve their writing, interviewing, and research skills — applicable to any major and career. The academy offers two options: 5 on-campus, residential program over three weeks for students with journalism experience, and a learn-from-home program over two weeks for all experience levels. For students 6 (draw) to photography, we offer a special photojournalism track for both. Every option 7 (organize) in three sections:● Classroom starts each day with a review of journalism fundamentals in a collegiate format. A university-level journalism textbook provides daily readings and writing assignments. ● Newsroom provides time for students to apply 8 they learn in the classroom to hands-on journalism assignments. Over the rest of their day, students conduct interviews and gather information. ● Guest Talks offer students advice and insight 9 journalism experts in topics such as radio reporting and journalism learning in college. Sessions feature a Guest Talk during each three-week session. Students also visit city newsrooms to hear from famous reporters. Applications for the on-campus session from June 24 to July 12 are due: April 19. Applications for learn-at-home sessions 10 (start) from June 17, July 1, and July 15 are due: May 10. （2025·上海虹口·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Reverse Culture Shock Is Real Returning from studying abroad was like being hit by a wave of reality. The initial shock wasn’t in the customs or language differences I 1 (expect) abroad—it came when I stepped back into daily life in the U.S. In Denmark and the other countries I visited, 2 (not understand) every word around me became strangely comforting. There was a quiet peace in not having to process every conversation, not being subjected to endless chatter. What struck me deeply was 3 English surrounded me once more, a persistent reflection of the familiarity I didn’t realize I’d grown tired of. Then came the noise. 4 I had gotten used to the peacefulness, New York felt like a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds. Shouting is literally everywhere—it felt like everyone was always 5 a rush to fill the air with sound. It felt disturbing, especially when I 6 (throw) into chaos after months of peace. The hardest part wasn’t just adjusting to the noise, but the lack of agreement between my excitement to talk about my experiences and the blank stares I received in return. I longed 7 (share), but it felt like no one really understood. Only my fellow study-abroad friends could relate, and their sympathy was a comfort. The biggest change, though, was internal. I had once been set on a future in cardiothoracic surgery (心胸外科手术), 8 (convince) that medical school was my calling. Yet, living in Scandinavia shifted my perspective. Now, I’m researching global health. Life, 9 it happens, has a way of changing direction when you least expect it. Sometimes, the best opportunities come from saying yes to 10 unexpected, from stepping outside your comfort zone—and the people and experiences you meet along the way make it all worth it. （2025·上海静安·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. If you’re bored with old-fashioned running, or if you feel that it’s not a complete workout, you might want to try crunning, a new fitness craze that’s taking Australia by storm. No, it does not mean crying while running. It’s actually a cross between crawling and running that involves getting down 1 all fours and moving as fast as you can. The unique workout, best 2 (describe) as your legs’ worst nightmare, was invented by Australian fitness enthusiast Shaun MoCarthy. Although it’s still not known what urged him to come up with the odd activity, he seems 3   (convince) that the sport will revolutionize fitness as we know it. ‌“The only thing that crunning has changed about fitness is that it’s changed 4 about fitness, ” he says. The short video of him crunning in Melbourne that he posted online makes the activity look more like a joke than a serious workout, but it appears to have got quite a lot of attention. As the new fashion among fitness enthusiasts in Australia, crunning also causes controversy. People wonder 5 crunning is as beneficial a fitness activity as jogging or running. McCarthy 6 interviews can now be found everywhere online claims that crunning is a more complete workout because it includes the upper body as well. ‌“It really works your legs and shoulders at the same time,” he said, 7 (add) that the sport burned more calories as well. However, some fitness experts believe that McCarthy might just be overstating its effect. According to Kim Baylor, a personal trainer, any exercise that involves full body motions 8 hardly develop a lot of strength. And some think it’s just a quick trend and might even be harmful if practiced incorrectly. “Physiologically, humans 9 (build) for biped (双足的) mobility instead of quadruped (四足的) mobility like animals,” fitness coach Kevin Dean said. “As we’re upright, our wrists have different structures from our ankles (脚踝) while a quadruped animal has four of roughly the same joint.   10 McCarthy has said about the sport, I do see broken noses, wrist injuries, and shoulder problems arising from crunning. ” （2025·上海宝山·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In March of 2023, a strange video of Will Smith eating spaghetti was created using an early text-to-video AI tool called ModelScope and released on Reddit, a popular content-sharing platform. The technology, while impressive, was deeply limited in its ability to accurately represent the text hint some users even described the video as “nightmarish”. Little did they know that a year later text-to-video AI would be creating videos so realistic 1 they would blur (模糊) the line between the digital and the real. If you've ever used a text-to-image generative AI tool like DALL-E, you'll see that text-to-video tools work in a similar way. The user provides a hint, like “cat swimming in a fish tank,” and the tool creates a video 2 (base) on everything it knows about cats, water, fish and the physics of how they might interact. The tool makes use of what are known as “visual patches (补丁)”, building blocks of data 3 help the AI to understand how everything in the scene should interact and progress, frame by frame. Tools that are based on a spread system, like OpenAI’s Sora, are trained 4 (recognize) objects so they can improve images by deleting the incorrect visual patches. This process could be compared to a worker 5 (melt) raw gold multiple times in order to remove all its useless elements. One of the remarkable things about OpenAI’s Sora is that it can generate content in a variety of styles. When the project 6 (disclose) last February, OpenAI claimed that “Sora can generate videos up to a minute long while maintaining visual quality and according to the user's hint.” But there are limits of Sora’s capabilities. As OpenAI shows in some demo videos, the physics of how objects interact in the videos doesn't always make sense. Sometimes people or objects 7 (mix) together, transform into other things, disappear or appear out of nowhere. But if the technology can appear suddenly from the strange spaghetti video to 8 it is now in a year, these limitations probably won't last long. Besides OpenAI's Sora, Google has two products called Lumiere and VideoPoet, but like Sora, they 9 not be open for public use yet. These tools are still being seriously tested and improved to ensure that people can't use them to produce inappropriate content or break laws. In the meantime, you can still experiment with simple text-to-video tools 10 invideo AI, a creation and education in mind. It's perfect for creating online courses, “explainer” videos or providing visuals for a short story. （2025·上海杨浦·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. German Subway Station Catches Everyone’s Attention If you have the chance to travel to Frankfurt, it’s worth making a stop at the Bockenheimer Warte subway station just to see its unique entryway. 1 has a vivid imagination might be convinced of the existence of powerful supervillains (超级反派). The eye-catching architecture that marks the entrance to the station looks as if a 2 (threaten) giant has lifted up a tram car and thrown it into the solid concrete sidewalk. In reality, it has a much 3 (practical) origin. The construction of this station entrance, which looks particularly like the wreckage of a trolley car half buried in the ground, 4 (credit) to an architect named Zbigniew Peter Pininski. 5 (feature) familiar objects, such as apples, eggs, birds, pipes, and clocks, in unusual contexts, he was able to arouse a sense of wonder and curiosity among viewers. In addition to his love for abstract art, Pininski also had another reason 6 accounted for his motivation to build such a unique subway entrance. At the time, the subway station was simply a proposal 7 (extend) Frankfurt’s subway system. Many of the local residents were concerned about the impact the construction and development 8 (have) on the community. The issue led to a fierce debate, with some people opposed to the project. Pininski’s unusual design helped win over enough support for the subway station to get “the green light”, and it was built in 1986. While some residents still complained about the expansion of the subway network into their area, Pininski’s creative architecture won praise from many 9 .It has even become a tourist attraction for people to shoot photos of themselves near what could be described 10 a work of art. Magritte, the late Belgian surrealist master, would have approved of the Bockenheimer Warte subway station. （2025·上海崇明·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Baby Hippo (河马) in Thailand Gets Official Song for Worldwide Fans A baby hippo in Thailand became famous earlier this year when zoo workers published images and videos of her online. Now the pygmy hippo (侏儒河马), named Moo Deng, has an official song and video released 1 several languages for her fans worldwide. Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee 2 (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed 3 they enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers. Moo Deng — which means “bouncy pork” in Thai — is a kind of meatball. The name, chosen by fans on social media, is similar to 4 of her two brothers: Moo Toon (stewed (炖制的) pork) and Moo Waan (sweet pork). Moo Deng’s popularity has spread internationally and she has gained the attention of some professional sports teams. Fans say her name fits her lively personality. Moo Deng likes to “deng” or bounce, and her bouncing behavior has led to countless internet memes (表情包). The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer 5 (write) a special song for Moo Deng. The lively 50-second song, called, naturally, Moodeng, 6 (release) by one of Thailand’s biggest recording companies. GMM Music last week. A music video 7 goes along with the song shows the baby hippo bouncing around, playing with her keeper, or spending time with her mother, Jona. Moo Deng is now four months old. Officials estimated the baby hippo has brought in about 3,000 to 5,000 visitors a day on average 8 it became popular online. The zoo has been selling clothes, bedding and other products based on Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s 9 (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them 10 (leave) in the wild. All four versions of the Moo Deng song are available online. （2025·上海黄浦·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to ‘Shift’ Big Feelings Emotions are a fundamental part of what makes us human. The current wisdom in therapy (心理治疗) and on social media is that we should face negative emotions head on — and that if we don’t, they will go bad inside of us. There’s no doubt that 1 (cope) with stressful situations through long-term avoidance is harmful and can lead to more psychological distress, but not all avoidance is bad. Sometimes, it’s best not to choose between approaching or avoiding, but to shift between 2 two intentionally. Avoidance can allow the intensity of a negative experience 3 (decrease). It can also provide distance 4 helps us see the experience from a broader perspective. How can you figure out whether to avoid or to face up to your feelings? Dr. Kross, an emotion researcher, suggested asking yourself, “Is 5 I’m doing making me feel better about the problem in front of me? Is this issue still a concern 6 I take some time away from it?” If you find that shifting your focus brings you relief and your concerns don’t resurface down the road, that 7 (count) as working. You might say something regrettable at a party, for instance, but instead of worrying about it, you distract yourself by watching funny videos that night. When we use the word “you,” it is almost only to refer to other people, Dr. Kross said. But when you use it on yourself, it’s a strategy 8 (know) as distanced self-talk, which can be a powerful way to regulate negative emotions. So instead of saying “I am stressed out,” which may cause your heart to race, tell yourself “ 9 are stressed out.” This casts you 10 the role of “someone else,” and may help you feel more sympathy and understand others’ feelings. （2025·上海奉贤·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank Middle East’s Dark Sky Hubs Sara Sami vividly recalls the first time she truly saw the stars. The 38-year-old photographer and travel guide 1 (search) for a spot in Saudi Arabia — a massive cliff overlooking a vast desert — when she unexpectedly found herself under an amazing night sky. “There was a blanket of stars right above me, “Sami reminisces.” I 2 see thousands of them stretching endlessly. It was a breathtaking sight.” Ever since that night, Saudi Arabia has become her top stargazing destination. Sami has traveled numerous times from her home in Bahrain, a small island nation 3 (connect)to Saudi Arabia by a 15-mile causeway. She seeks out places with undisturbed darkness, far from towns and cities, 4 she can see the Milky Way. It was literally in the middle of a desert: there was an abandoned village with broken houses. 5 the atmosphere was frightening and filled with an unsettling stillness, the sky was stunningly beautiful. In November last year, another nature reserve, near the ancient oasis city of AlUla, 6 (name)the first-ever Dark Sky Park in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia joined 21 other countries on its list of certified Dark Sky Places, with the US and New Zealand 7 (top) the list. “Part of the 2,334 square kilometer reserve’s commitment to the preservation of the night sky involves careful lighting design, such as ensuring 8 , if possible, lights are equipped with shades to minimize light pollution. Specifically, these shades are designed to direct the light down 9 up.” The local observatory is currently developing an outdoor lighting guide for new and existing developments within AlUla County. This guide will enable residents and visitors to see the night sky above AlUla in all its natural beauty for years 10 (come). This ongoing effort reflects a broader commitment to preserving the night sky for future generations. （2025·上海松江·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Small Breaks, Big Benefits Training for a marathon is one route to fitness and building very short “micro walks” into your day may also be a path to better health. Researchers found that when people broke up a walk into periods of 10 to 30 seconds, 1 short breaks in between, they used up to 60 per cent more energy than covering the same stretch in one go. According to the professor of the University of Milan, Dr Francesco Luciano, 2 led the study, the main message should be that brief moments of physical activity, such as getting to your feet to make a cup of tea, can make a surprisingly large difference to 3 calories you burn. “Breaking up motionless periods with brief walk greatly increases energy consumed daily and 4 (improve) health.” This is the direct quote from Dr Francesco Luciano and his colleagues in Proceedings B, an influential journal 5 (publish) to present the latest biological research. The NHS recommends that adults aged 19 to 64 get at least 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of intense activity weekly. However, research has presented conclusive evidence that even very short intervals of activity 6 be beneficial. The latest research, which hundreds of participants took part in, involved 7 (measure) the amount of energy people consumed while walking on an exercise machine or climbing stairs. Ten volunteers walked or climbed for different amounts of time, including short intervals of either 10 or 30 seconds, or longer 8 of up to four minutes. After each period of activity, they paused for several minutes. “We found that walking in 9 (short) periods requires more energy — and more oxygen — to cover the same walking length, compared to covering it continuously. It’s like a car using more fuel during the first few kilometres,” he said. While breaking long walks into short intervals might not be practical in terms of length covered, Luciano emphasized that 10 possible, people should take a few steps to break up sitting time. （2025·上海青浦·二模）Directions:  After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.  For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Stop Taking Bad Advice “Wait your turn.” “Stay in your lane.” “Fake it till you make it.” If you’ve worked in any professional environment, you’ve probably heard advice like this and even taken it. At first glance, it seems harmless — motivational, even. But dig deeper, and you’ll find these statements can often serve to stop progress, mask deeper problems, or encourage 1 (healthy) workplace norms. Understanding 2 we fall for bad advice is the first step in resisting it. In workplaces, those in a high social position often increase the influence of certain voices. A boss’s suggestion, however misguided, can feel like an instruction 3 a choice. Research shows that people are more likely to follow advice when it comes from someone they perceive as an expert, 4 the advice isn’t consistent with their own judgment. A concept I 5 (research) extensively, insinuation anxiety, is the discomfort we feel when signaling that someone might be wrong or untrustworthy. Rejecting advice directly can also risk social negative feedback. This anxiety keeps many of us silent, 6 (lead) us to follow advice we do not trust. Every time we act on bad advice, we sacrifice 7 — our time, our resources, or our confidence. Breaking the cycle of following bad advice doesn’t mean rejecting all guidance — it means learning to evaluate advice critically and match it to your goals and values. Here’s how to start: Pause before you act When 8 (face) with advice, take a moment to assess it. Giving yourself this space allows you to move from a reactive response to a thoughtful one. When I finally questioned the advice to “just be patient,” I realized it 9 (hold) me back. By taking proactive steps — seeking mentors outside of the workplace and pursuing my values — I started shaping my own career path, and you can do the same. Trust your expertise Remember, you bring your own knowledge and experience to the table. If advice conflicts with your better judgment, trust yourself to make the call. Research shows that people feel more, not less, guilty when they follow advice 10 they know is wrong and a bad outcome occurs. （2025·上海金山·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Stand-up comedy in China Stand-up comedy, originating in the United States, has gained global appeal, including in China. 1 the first Chinese stand-up comedy club was set up in Shenzhen in 2009, this form of entertainment was relatively unknown to most Chinese audiences. But the growing popularity of stand-up comedy in China 2 (demonstrate) that humor has no borders. Another two stand-up comedy industry leaders in China 3 (establish) in 2014 and 2017 respectively. Wang Xuebin, a professor at the Party School of the CPC, explains 4 stand-up comedy is so popular in China. According to him, the comedy matches modern online trends. Comedians often talk about current social issues in short and direct ways, 5 fits well with the fast-paced, short videos people enjoy online. The topics are also closely related to young people, who are a key audience. He adds that stand-up comedy is easy to start because it doesn’t require special skills. Anyone, 6 age or gender, can try it. This makes it widely appealing in China. In a regular comedy show, each comedian usually performs for about 15 minutes. However, in a comedy special (专场) 7 (focus) on one comedian, the performance lasts around 60 minutes. This longer format requires more work on the script (稿), making the content 8 (rich), so the audience always feels it’s worth their time. Stand-up comedy, with performers’ raw personal struggles 9 (transform) into universally relatable humor, has grown from small, underground clubs to becoming a mainstream part of popular culture. The competition is intense, with new shows constantly appearing and older ones innovating 10 (stay) relevant. One thing is clear: what was once a niche (小众的) activity is now everywhere in China and shows no signs of disappearing. （2025·上海长宁·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Dig holes across the country Published in 1998, Louis Sachar’s book, Holes, has won lots of awards. A film version of it was released in 2003, 1 (produce) in a professional manner by Disney. Then, in 2018, the Nottingham Playhouse Theatre Company created a stage show that was motivated by both the book and the Hollywood film. Now, that show, 2 was a huge success when it first came out, is coming back to the stage and will be going on a tour across England. 3 Holes tells is the story of Stanley Yelnats, a boy born into a poor family. Yelnats 4 (accuse) of a crime he didn’t commit. Sent to a prison camp in the desert, Yelnats must spend his days 5 (dig) holes amid poisonous snakes under the instruction of a strict prison officer. 6 Yelnats is told that this is to “build character”, he soon unearths a mystery buried deep beneath the ground. Sachar’s story of hardship 7 (inspire) book readers and film audiences for years. The stage show is being brought back and performed around the country by the Children’s Theatre Partnership (CTP). The CTP was founded in 2010, 8 the purpose of producing and touring theatre shows that are aimed at young people. Holes is the first of three shows 9 (take) on tour over the next three years. A new cast of actors is bringing the book’s characters to life, from a script (剧本) that was written by Sachar himself, so 10 can match the authenticity of this adaptation. The tour of Holes started in Northampton on 24 January and will be traveling across England before finishing in Canterbury on 30 May. If you want to find out more about the show and where it’s on, and to book tickets, visit holesonstage.co.uk （2025·上海普陀·二模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Nature Lover? It May Be Written in Your Genes Our love of the natural world is partially baked into our genes, a study by researchers from the University of Queensland and the National University of Singapore suggests. Using data collected by TwinsUK, the most detailed and extensive twin study ever 1 (carry) out, the team compared the genetic heritability of two types of trait — how strongly a person feels connected to nature, and the amount of time 2 they spend in nature — in more than 1,000 sets of twins. They found that identical twins, who share almost all of their genes, were more similar to each other than fraternal twins, who share around half of their genes, 3 their appreciation of nature. This genetic influence 4 (observe) in between 34 per cent for frequency of garden visits and 44 per cent for public nature space visits, they said. “We were truly surprised by 5 we uncovered,” said study co-author Prof Richard Fuller of the University of Queensland. “This means there may be inborn genetic differences among people’s psychological connection with nature and how they experience 6 . Our results help to explain why some people have a stronger desire than others 7 (be) in nature.” Previous studies have shown that, 8 people are raised and live in an urban or rural environment, it influences how strongly they want to be among nature or seek out outdoor experiences. However, this is a novel study 9 (involve) the suggestion that genetics plays a role in how strongly we feel a connection to nature. As more and more people living in urban areas are reporting lower levels of well-being, and are at a 10 (high) risk of mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety than before, the study highlights the importance of bringing people closer to nature, the researchers say. 难度分布 较易 适中 较难 6.25 50 43.75 试卷第14页，共15页 试卷第15页，共15页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$