Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 重点语法：物主代词和一般过去时精讲练-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（仁爱科普版2024）

2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步新教材精品系列资料，好题优选！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步新教材精品系列资料，好题优选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 重点语法：物主代词和一般过去时精讲练 语法知识精讲 物主代词 1.物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数的变化。 1.1.物主代词的种类 类别 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 1.2.物主代词的用法 用法 典例 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能置于名词前作定语。 I am old enough to wash my clothes by myself.我已经长大了，可以自己洗衣服。 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，句法功能与名词相同，其后不能再接名词。 Lucy's strawberries are fresher than mine.露西的草莓比我的新鲜。mine=my strawberries This bag is his.Where's hers?这个书包是他的。她的在哪里？ 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 4. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 语法知识精练 1．I ________ listen to soft music before going to sleep every night. A．was used to B．used C．used to D．used doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我每天晚上睡觉前都会听轻音乐。 考查used to do的用法。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；used使用；used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；used doing此用法错误。根据“before going to sleep every night”可知，表明这是一个习惯性动作，“listen”是动词原形，且used to do sth. 符合此结构。故选C。 2．My grandpa ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; is used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; used to D．is used to; is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我爷爷过去住在农村，但现在他习惯了住在城市。 考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据第一个空后的“live”为动词原形可知，此处指爷爷过去住在农村；根据第二个空后的“living”为动名词可知，此处指他习惯了住在城市，结合选项可知，A项符合。故选A。 3．When I ________ 12 years old, I often ________ to see movies. A．was; went B．was; go C．am; go D．were; went 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我12岁时，我经常去看电影。 考查时态。根据“When I...12 years old,”可知，此处表示过去的一段时间的状态，故时态应为一般过去时，此处主语为I，be动词应用was，排除C和D；第二个空表示过去一段时间经常的动作，时态也应为一般过去时。故选A。 4．I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school. A．take B．am taking C．took D．will take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我上小学的时候每天坐公共汽车上学。 考查动词时态。根据“when I was in primary school”可知，此处指过去经常性的动作，时态为一般过去时，用动词过去式。故选C。 5．The baby swan ________ out of the nest slowly yesterday. A．climb B．climbs C．climbed D．is climbing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这只小天鹅昨天慢慢地爬出了巢。 考查动词时态。climb爬，动词原形；climbs动词单三形式；climbed动词过去式；is climbing现在进行时。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，此句描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时态。故选C。 6．Last year, he ________ in the Beijing Marathon. A．take part B．takes part C．took part D．will take part 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年，他参加了北京马拉松。 考查动词时态。句子中的时间状语是“Last year”，表示过去的动作，因此需要使用一般过去时。故选C。 7．Tom usually ________ TV on weekends, but he ________ a book last weekend. A．watches; read B．watched; reads C．is watching; is reading D．will watch; will read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆通常在周末看电视，但他上周末读了一本书。 考查时态。根据第一个空前的“usually”可知，此处句子时态为一般现在时；根据第二个空后的“last weekend”可知，此处指过去的事情，应用一般过去时，结合选项可知，A项符合。故选A。 8．—Lily, a concert is being held in our school for the birthday of the Communist Youth League of China (GYLC). —I know. It has been 100 years since CYLC ________. A．born B．was born C．is born D．has born 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，我们学校正在为中国共青团的生日举办一场音乐会。——我知道。CYLC诞生已经100年了。 考查时态。根据“It has been 100 years since CYLC…”的语境及常识可知，CYLC诞生是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故选B。 9．—Excuse me, could you please tell me where my book is? —I’m not sure. But the one over there looks like__________. A．your B．you C．yours D．yourself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我我的书在哪里吗？——我不确定。但是那边的那个看起来像你的书。 考查代词辨析。your你的，形容词性物主代词；you你；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。根据“But the one over there looks like…”可知，此处指“那边的那个看起来像你的书”，此处用名词性物主代词yours指代your books。故选C。 10．This book is ________. Which one is yours? A．certain B．mine C．beef D．carrot 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本书是我的。哪一本是你的？ 考查词义辨析。certain确定的；mine我的；beef牛肉；carrot胡萝卜。根据“Which one is yours?”可知，前句需用名词性物主代词表示所属关系，mine符合语境。故选B。 11．—Jane is a good teacher of ________ . —She teaches ________ English. A．us;us B．ours;our C．us;our D．ours;us 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——简是我们的好老师。——她教我们英语。 考查双重所有格和固定搭配。对于第一空，这里是双重所有格形式，of后接名词性物主代词ours，“a good teacher of ours”表示“我们的一位好老师”；对于第二空，“teach sb. sth.”是固定搭配，“教某人某物”，这里sb.要用宾格形式，us是we的宾格，所以用us。故选D。 12．Can you see ________ sister? If you can, please tell me at once. A．her and she B．her and her C．she and she D．she and her 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能看见她和她的妹妹吗？如果可以的话，请马上告诉我。 考查代词辨析。her她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；she她，主格。此处作see的宾语，用代词宾格her，且修饰名词sister用形容词性物主代词her，her and her sister作see的宾语。故选B。 13．Mrs Black teaches ________ English and we like ________ classes very much. A．we; her B．us; her C．our; his D．us; she 【答案】B 【详解】句意：布莱克夫人教我们英语，我们非常喜欢她的课。 考查人称代词。we我们（主格）；us我们（宾格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；her她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；his他的（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）；she她（主格）。teach sb. sth.“教某人某物”，是固定搭配，空前是动词teaches，应后接宾格，第一空是us；根据“Mrs Black teaches...English and we like...classes very much.”可知，学生喜欢老师的课，空后是名词classes，空处应是形容词性物主代词，布莱克夫人是女性，因此第二空是her。故选B。 14．On a warm spring afternoon the cat likes sleeping in ________ own basket. A．it B．it’s C．its D．itself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在一个温暖的春日午后，猫咪喜欢睡在它自己的篮子里。 考查代词辨析。it它；it’s它是；its它的；itself它自己。根据“own basket.”可知，此处是one’s own“某人自己的”，空处用形容词性物主代词，故选C。 15．This is not my basketball. Ask Millie, maybe it’s ________. A．mine B．hers C．yours D．ours 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这不是我的篮球。问问Millie，也许是她的。 考查代词辨析。mine我的；hers她的；yours你的/你们的；ours我们的。根据“Ask Millie”可知，此处说的是可能是Millie的篮球，且Millie为女性名字，故选B。 16．“It’s time to make ________ bed, Maria. You need to keep the room tidy,” says her mother. A．her B．his C．my D．your 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“玛丽亚，该铺床了。你需要保持房间整洁，”她妈妈说。 考查形容词性物主代词辨析。her她的；his他的；my我的；your你的。引号里是呼唤语，意为“该是你铺床的时间了”，空格处应用形容词性物主代词your。故选D。 17．—Does Sandy have ________ bedroom?   — Yes. She also has a big closet ________ to put clothes. A．she own; of she own B．her own; of her own C．she’s own; of she’s own D．own she; her own 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Sandy有自己的卧室吗？——是的。她还有一个自己的大衣柜来放衣服。 考查“own”的用法。第一个空：表示“她自己的”，因为“own”是形容词，前面需要加物主代词“her”来修饰“bedroom”；第二个空：表示“她自己的”，固定搭配“of one’s own”表示“属于某人自己的”。故选B。 18．________ favourite animal is panda. A．I B．Me C．My D．Mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的动物是熊猫。 考查代词辨析。I我，人称代词主格；Me我，人称代词宾格；My我的，形容词性物主代词；Mine我的，名词性物主代词。此处修饰名词favourite animal，应用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 19．—Tom, are these __________ paper-cuts? —No, they are not. __________ are over there. A．your; My B．you; Mine C．your; Mine D．yours; My 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，这些是你的剪纸吗？——不，它们不是。我的在那边。 考查代词辨析。your你的，形容词性物主代词；you你；yours你的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。第一个空后有名词paper-cuts，应用形容词性物主代词your来修饰；第二个空后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词mine。故选C。 20．—Tom, was your school far away from your home? —No. I ________ walk to school every day. A．use to B．used to C．got used to D．am used to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你的学校离你家远吗？——不远。我过去常常每天步行去上学。    考查“used to”的用法。use to表达错误；used to过去常常，后接动词原形；got used to习惯于，后接名词、代词或动名词形式；am used to习惯于，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。根据上文“Tom, was your school far away from your home?”以及答语“No...I walk to school every day.”可知，句中表达的是学校离家不远，过去经常步行去上学，所以应该用“used to”来表示过去的习惯动作。故选B。 21．My grandmother used to ________ TV at home after dinner, but now she is used to _________ out for a walk. A．watch: go B．watch; going C．watching; go D．watching; going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的祖母过去常常在晚饭后在家看电视，但现在她习惯了晚饭后出去散步。 考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth习惯做某事；be used to do sth被用来做某事。根据“but now”可知，前句表示过去常常看电视，后句表示现在惯了晚饭后出去散步。因此第一空用动词原形watch，第二空用动名词going。故选B。 22．He used to ________ in the school chorus, but now he often sings ________. A．sing; solo B．singing; solo C．sing; solos D．singing; solos 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他过去常常在学校合唱团唱歌，但现在他经常独唱。 考查“used to”用法和副词。sing唱歌，动词原形；solo单独地、独自地，副词；singing唱歌，动名词或现在分词；solos是复数形式。根据“He used to...in the school chorus, but now he often sings...”可知，句中“used to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“过去常常做某事”，此处应该使用动词原形“sing”；第二空需要一个副词来修饰动词“sings”，表示“单独地唱”，“solo”是副词，“sings solo”表示“独唱”。故选A。 23．He ________ smoke a lot, but now he doesn’t smoke any longer. A．used to B．was used to C．used D．is used to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他过去经常抽烟，但现在不再抽烟了。 考查固定搭配。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。空后是动词原形，此处用used to。故选A。 24．Ten minutes later, a car came and ________ the old woman to hospital. A．takes B．took C．brings D．brought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：10分钟后，一辆车来了，载着那位老妇人去了医院。 考查动词辨析和时态。take带走；bring带来。根据“... the old woman to hospital”可知，是把那个老人带去了医院，故排除C和D；根据“a car came and...”可知，时态为一般过去时，故选B。 25．Ariel ________ every night for a week before her Chinese test and got a very good grade. A．studied B．studies C．has studied D．was going to study 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Ariel在她语文考试前每晚都学习，学了一周并且取得了一个很好的成绩。 考查时态。根据“got a very good grade.”可知描述的是过去一段时间做的事，用一般过去时。故选A。 26．—I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? —No, not yet. A．posted; Have; received B．have posted; Did; receive C．have posted; Have; received D．posted; Do; receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我上周寄信给你了。你收到了吗？——不，还没。 考查时态和一般疑问句。根据“last week”可知第一空需用动词的过去式，第二三空根据回答“No, not yet.”可知需用现在完成时，主语是you，结构为have+过去分词，需将助动词have提前到句首构成一般疑问句。故选A。 27．—Whose pen is this? Is it ________?   —No. It’s Simon’s. A．my B．your C．her D．his 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是谁的钢笔？它是他的吗？——不，它是Simon的。 考查代词用法。my我的；your你的，你们的；her她，她的；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词。根据“Is it...”可知，空后无名词，需用名词性物主代词his。故选D。 28．The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote her name on ________ cover ________. A．her; it; by herself B．hers; it; herself C．hers; her; by herself D．hers; its; herself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：架上的书是她的。她亲自在封面上写下了自己的名字。 考查代词辨析。her她，她的；hers她的；it它；its它的；by herself独自；herself她自己。根据“The book on the shelf is…”的语境可知，此处指她的书，应用名词性物主代词hers；根据第二个空空后的“cover”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its，对其进行修饰；反身代词oneself用在动词后面，可以强调主语，表示“某人自己”。故选D。 29．—The movie is really boring. —I agree. I________ it for half an hour but I couldn’t stand it. A．watched B．have watched C．was watching D．had watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这部电影真的很无聊。——我同意。我看了半个小时就受不了了。 考查动词时态。根据“but I couldn’t stand it”可知，“看电影”这个动作发生在过去，且已经结束，用一般过去时。故选A。 30．Marco Polo ________ to China with his father and uncle. A．come B．came C．comes D．coming 【答案】B 【详解】句意：马可波罗和他的父亲、叔叔一起来到中国。 考查一般过去时。根据“Marco Polo…to China with his father and uncle.”可知马可波罗来中国是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，应用come的过去式came，故选B。 31．—Who carried the idea of making Binglao to Europe? —Marco Polo ________. A．is B．was C．does D．did 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁提出把冰糕带到欧洲的想法的？——马可波罗。 考查动词辨析。is是，一般现在时；was是，一般过去时；does做，一般现在时；did做，一般过去时。根据“Who carried the idea of making Binglao to Europe?”可知，该句为一般过去时，且此处代替动词carried，应用did，故选D。 32．She finished her homework, ________ a book, and started reading. A．takes B．took C．taking D．take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她做完作业，拿了一本书，开始读起来。 考查动词过去式。takes拿，动词三单形式；took拿，动词过去式；taking拿，现在分词形式；take拿，动词原形。结合空格前后两个谓语动词“finished”、“started”及语境可知，该句时态为一般过去时，该句描述的三个顺承且连续的动作，空处也应用其动词过去式与其他两个动词过去式共同作该句中的谓语。故选B。 33．—Is this ________ book? —No, it’s not mine. It’s ________. A．your; Tom’s B．yours; Tom’s C．your; Tom D．yours; Tom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这是你的书吗？——不，这不是我的。这是汤姆的。 考查代词辨析和名词所有格。your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词。第一空根据“Is this …book?”可知，空后为名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，排除选项B、D；第二空根据“It’s ….”可知，此处是指书是汤姆的，应用名词所有格。故选A。 34．Yesterday I didn’t go to the zoo. Instead, I ________ to the science museum with Jim. A．go B．went C．am going D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天我没有去动物园。相反，我和吉姆一起去了科学博物馆。 考查动词时态。go去，动词原形，用于一般现在时；went去了，动词过去式，用于一般过去时；am going正在去，现在分词形式，用于现在进行时；will go将去，用于一般将来时。结合时间状语“Yesterday”及语境可知，该句描述的昨天发生的事情，时态应为一般过去时，应用go“去”对应的过去式作谓语。故选B。 35．—Is this eraser ________? I found it in the lost and found box. —No, it isn’t ________. It’s Tom’s. A．hers; yours B．your; mine C．yours; mine D．his; mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个橡皮擦是你的吗？我在失物招领箱里找到的。 ——不，它不是我的。这是汤姆的。 考查代词辨析。hers她的，名词性物主代词；yours你 (们) 的，名词性物主代词；your你 (们) 的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；his他的，形容词性或名词性物主代词。结合“Is this eraser…”及语境可知，此处询问对方是不是“你的橡皮擦”，第一空应用第二人称对应的名词性物主代词yours；又结合“it isn’t…”及语境可知，此处应表示不是“说话者本人的东西”，第二空应用第一人称单数形式对应的名词性物主代词mine搭配，意为“不是我的橡皮擦”。故选C。 36．A friend of __________ is going to see me this evening. A．me B．mine C．I D．my 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的一个朋友今晚要来看我。 考查代词辨析。me我，宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词；I我，主格；my我的，形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，此处是双重所有格形式，即“a/an+名词+of+名词性物主代词”，表示所属关系，意为“……的……”，其中“of”后面要用名词性物主代词。根据语境可知，此处是在描述“我的一个朋友”，所以应该用mine。故选B。 37．—Does this pair of sports shoes belong to ? —No, it’s ________. A．you; his B．yours; his C．your; her D．you; her 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这双运动鞋属于你吗？——不，它是他的。 考查代词辨析。you你、你们，人称代词主格或宾格；yours你的、你们的，名词性物主代词；your你的、你们的，形容词性物主代词；his他的，名词性物主代词或形容词性物主代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填宾格人称代词，作belong to的宾语；第二空应填名词性物主代词，作表语。故选A。 38．The book on the shelf is _______. She wrote _______ name on its cover _______. A．hers; her; herself B．her; hers; herself C．herself; her; hers D．her; herself; herself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：架子上的书是她的，她自己把她的名字写在了书的封面上。 考查名词性物主代词、形容词性物主代词和反身代词。hers她的（东西）；her她的；herself她自己。第一空表示“她的书”her book，可以用名词性物主代词hers“她的（东西）”来代替。第二空是在名词name前作定语，要用形容词性物主代词her“她的”来修饰。第三空用反身代词，反身代词oneself用在动词后面，可以强调主语，表示“某人自己”，这里表示“她自己”写的，用herself。故选A。 39．Simon lives in a flat on the ________ floor, two floors ________. A．second; over me B．nineth; over mine C．twenty-two; above mine D．twelfth; above mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：西蒙住在公寓的十二层，比我高两层。 考查数词和代词。第一空后是单数名词floor，结合“Simon lives in a flat”可知，第一空是填序数词，表示住在第几楼，B选项nineth表达错误，应该是ninth，C选项twenty-two是基数词，排除；me我，宾格；mine我的，名词性物主代词。第二空是省略，指的是“比我住的楼层高两层”，所以应用名词性物主代词。故选D。 40．Tomorrow will be the ________ fourteenth birthday. All the friends of________ will go to the party. A．twins’; theirs B．twin’s; theirs C．twins’; their D．twins’; they 【答案】A 【详解】句意：明天将是这对双胞胎的十四岁生日。他们所有的朋友都会去参加派对。 考查名词所有格和代词用法。第一空表示“双胞胎的”生日，twin需先变复数，再变所有格，即twins’；第二空需用名词性物主代词theirs与“All the friends of...”构成双重所有格结构。故选A。 12 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 13 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步新教材精品系列资料，好题优选！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步新教材精品系列资料，好题优选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand 重点语法：物主代词和一般过去时精讲练 语法知识精讲 物主代词 1.物主代词 表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数的变化。 1.1.物主代词的种类 类别 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 1.2.物主代词的用法 用法 典例 形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能置于名词前作定语。 I am old enough to wash my clothes by myself.我已经长大了，可以自己洗衣服。 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，句法功能与名词相同，其后不能再接名词。 Lucy's strawberries are fresher than mine.露西的草莓比我的新鲜。mine=my strawberries This bag is his.Where's hers?这个书包是他的。她的在哪里？ 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 4. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 语法知识精练 1．I ________ listen to soft music before going to sleep every night. A．was used to B．used C．used to D．used doing 2．My grandpa ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; is used to B．is used to; used to C．used to; used to D．is used to; is used to 3．When I ________ 12 years old, I often ________ to see movies. A．was; went B．was; go C．am; go D．were; went 4．I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school. A．take B．am taking C．took D．will take 5．The baby swan ________ out of the nest slowly yesterday. A．climb B．climbs C．climbed D．is climbing 6．Last year, he ________ in the Beijing Marathon. A．take part B．takes part C．took part D．will take part 7．Tom usually ________ TV on weekends, but he ________ a book last weekend. A．watches; read B．watched; reads C．is watching; is reading D．will watch; will read 8．—Lily, a concert is being held in our school for the birthday of the Communist Youth League of China (GYLC). —I know. It has been 100 years since CYLC ________. A．born B．was born C．is born D．has born 9．—Excuse me, could you please tell me where my book is? —I’m not sure. But the one over there looks like__________. A．your B．you C．yours D．yourself 10．This book is ________. Which one is yours? A．certain B．mine C．beef D．carrot 11．—Jane is a good teacher of ________ . —She teaches ________ English. A．us;us B．ours;our C．us;our D．ours;us 12．Can you see ________ sister? If you can, please tell me at once. A．her and she B．her and her C．she and she D．she and her 13．Mrs Black teaches ________ English and we like ________ classes very much. A．we; her B．us; her C．our; his D．us; she 14．On a warm spring afternoon the cat likes sleeping in ________ own basket. A．it B．it’s C．its D．itself 15．This is not my basketball. Ask Millie, maybe it’s ________. A．mine B．hers C．yours D．ours 16．“It’s time to make ________ bed, Maria. You need to keep the room tidy,” says her mother. A．her B．his C．my D．your 17．—Does Sandy have ________ bedroom?   — Yes. She also has a big closet ________ to put clothes. A．she own; of she own B．her own; of her own C．she’s own; of she’s own D．own she; her own 18．________ favourite animal is panda. A．I B．Me C．My D．Mine 19．—Tom, are these __________ paper-cuts? —No, they are not. __________ are over there. A．your; My B．you; Mine C．your; Mine D．yours; My 20．—Tom, was your school far away from your home? —No. I ________ walk to school every day. A．use to B．used to C．got used to D．am used to 21．My grandmother used to ________ TV at home after dinner, but now she is used to _________ out for a walk. A．watch: go B．watch; going C．watching; go D．watching; going 22．He used to ________ in the school chorus, but now he often sings ________. A．sing; solo B．singing; solo C．sing; solos D．singing; solos 23．He ________ smoke a lot, but now he doesn’t smoke any longer. A．used to B．was used to C．used D．is used to 24．Ten minutes later, a car came and ________ the old woman to hospital. A．takes B．took C．brings D．brought 25．Ariel ________ every night for a week before her Chinese test and got a very good grade. A．studied B．studies C．has studied D．was going to study 26．—I ________ a letter to you last week. ________ you ________ it? —No, not yet. A．posted; Have; received B．have posted; Did; receive C．have posted; Have; received D．posted; Do; receive 27．—Whose pen is this? Is it ________?   —No. It’s Simon’s. A．my B．your C．her D．his 28．The book on the shelf is ________. She wrote her name on ________ cover ________. A．her; it; by herself B．hers; it; herself C．hers; her; by herself D．hers; its; herself 29．—The movie is really boring. —I agree. I________ it for half an hour but I couldn’t stand it. A．watched B．have watched C．was watching D．had watched 30．Marco Polo ________ to China with his father and uncle. A．come B．came C．comes D．coming 31．—Who carried the idea of making Binglao to Europe? —Marco Polo ________. A．is B．was C．does D．did 32．She finished her homework, ________ a book, and started reading. A．takes B．took C．taking D．take 33．—Is this ________ book? —No, it’s not mine. It’s ________. A．your; Tom’s B．yours; Tom’s C．your; Tom D．yours; Tom 34．Yesterday I didn’t go to the zoo. Instead, I ________ to the science museum with Jim. A．go B．went C．am going D．will go 35．—Is this eraser ________? I found it in the lost and found box. —No, it isn’t ________. It’s Tom’s. A．hers; yours B．your; mine C．yours; mine D．his; mine 36．A friend of __________ is going to see me this evening. A．me B．mine C．I D．my 37．—Does this pair of sports shoes belong to ? —No, it’s ________. A．you; his B．yours; his C．your; her D．you; her 38．The book on the shelf is _______. She wrote _______ name on its cover _______. A．hers; her; herself B．her; hers; herself C．herself; her; hers D．her; herself; herself 39．Simon lives in a flat on the ________ floor, two floors ________. A．second; over me B．nineth; over mine C．twenty-two; above mine D．twelfth; above mine 40．Tomorrow will be the ________ fourteenth birthday. All the friends of________ will go to the party. A．twins’; theirs B．twin’s; theirs C．twins’; their D．twins’; they 6 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 7 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$