精品解析：四川省宜宾市叙州区第二中学校2023-2024学年高二上学期开学英语试题(含听力）

听力考试正式开始。听下面对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Do you have any plans for the holiday? The children want to go cycling, but their father wants to go surfing, and i'd like to go hiking. We've decided to follow the children's choice. Sorry to bother you. Could you tell me where I can find Charlotte web? My son wants to read IT after watching the film of the same name. Sure, it's in the second row with a Price tag of seventeen dollars. Excuse me, i'd like a salad. Which one, sir? A ham or a beef salad? That one over there, next to the bread roll. That's a beef salad, sir. What about going for a bike ride? Is IT still raining? No, but it's still dull. Let's hang on for half an hour or so. IT may clear up them. AManda. what skill would . you like to develop? Well, I want to learn to play the guitar. I love writing songs, you know. And I think IT would be lovely if I could play my own music and entertain people. 听下面对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话。现在你有时间阅读下列小题请，听下面一段录音，回答以下两个小题。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the supermarket? Go along this street, then turn right at the first crossing and you will see a hospital. Then go on and you will see you next to a bookstore. Do I need to take a bus? Oh, there isn't a direct bus. It's not far. Only twenty minutes walk. You can go there on foot. I'm in a hurry. I think I need a taxi. Thank you. You're welcome. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the supermarket? Go along this street, then turn right at the first crossing and you will see a hospital. Then go on and you will see you next to a bookstore. Do I need to take a bus? Oh, there isn't a direct bus. It's not far. Only twenty minutes walk. You can go there on foot. I'm in a hurry. I think I need a taxi. Thank you. You're welcome. 请听下面一段录音，回答以下两个小题。Hey, bob, what are you doing? I'm painting at home. I didn't know you like to paint. What type of painting do you like? I enjoy oil paintings. I learned painting in one of my extra classes at my university. That sounds so interesting. I wish I had a hobby is . never too late to start a new hobby. They offer a variety of classes at the local community college. You should look at up. I think I will. Thanks for the information. Hey, bob, what are you doing? I'm painting at home. I didn't know you like to paint. What type of painting do you like? I enjoy oil paintings. I learned painting in one of my extra classes at my university. That sounds so interesting. I wish I had a hobby is . never too late to start a new hobby. They offer a variety of classes at the local community college. You should look at up. I think I will. Thanks for the information. 请听下面一段录音，回答以下三个小题。I'd like to meal this package to new york. How would you like to . send IT first class. please? Okay, let's see. It's twelve pounds. So that will be ten dollars and eighty one sense. Ten dollars and eighty one sense. Yes, that's a pretty heavy package . you've got here. Oh, I suppose IT is. Tell me, is there cheaper . way to minute? sure. IT can be sent by a package post, but IT will take longer to get there. How long will IT take? Let me see to new york from here. IT will take about twelve days. have a tl IT cost. let's see now twelve pounds package post that will cost five dollars and ninety four a sense. Okay, I think I ended by package post. I'd like to meal this package to new york. How would you like to . send IT first class. please? Okay, let's see. It's twelve pounds. So that will be ten dollars and eighty one sense. Ten dollars and eighty one sense. Yes, that's a pretty heavy package you've got here. Oh, I suppose IT is tell me, is there cheaper . way to minute? sure. IT can be sent by a package post, but IT will take longer to get there. How long will IT take? Let me see to new york from here. IT will take about twelve days. I'm till the cost. let's see now twelve pounds package post that will cost five dollars and ninety four a sense. Okay, I think I ended by package post. 请听下面一段录音，回答以下四个小题。I, sam, i'm so glad your back. I called about ten minutes ago, but no one answered the phone. Well, my parents went to the supermarket today and I was working in the garden. I heard nothing. So what's up, Lucy? I wonder if I could borrow some books from you. My sister anna wants to read some books on history by famous writers. Don't you have any books for her to read? I hardly read. I spend most of my time learning music and surfing the internet. Could you lend me some? sure. You can come with your sister and pick some this afternoon. Sorry, but i'll go swimming with her this afternoon. Could I come tomorrow morning? Tomorrow morning? I don't think I can make IT. I'll play football with friends tomorrow morning. What about tomorrow afternoon? Okay, see you then. I, sam, i'm so glad your back. I called about ten minutes ago, but no one answered the phone. Well, my parents went to the supermarket today and I was working in the garden. I heard nothing. So what's up, Lucy? I wonder if I could borrow some books from you. My sister anna wants to read some books on history by famous writers. Don't you have any books for her to read? I hardly read. I spend most of my time learning music and surfing the internet. Could you lend me some? sure. You can come with your sister and pick them this afternoon. Sorry, but i'll go swimming with her this afternoon. Could I come tomorrow morning? Tomorrow morning? I don't think I can make IT. I'll play football with friends tomorrow morning. What about tomorrow afternoon? Okay, see you then. 听下面对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，现在你有时间阅读下列小题。A recent study show that people want to treat their fellow men and women with kindness even without rewards. The study appeared in the journal science advances and was based on four social motivations. The first is that people want to return kindness to someone who is nice to them. The second is that someone who saw another being nice wants to be nice as well. The third was that people are likely to do good if others will see they are generous. The fourth is that when someone is nice, the receiver wants to pay IT forward to another stranger. The study was done on the internet and involved seven hundred people. Each person began with ten points. At each point represented money. A game of scenes and stories were set up to let the participants pass out their points. The scientists were surprised to find that almost everyone was more willing to lose all of their points to help others or return favors. The study itself was an interesting view on how kindness has helped humans grow and survive. A recent study show that people want to treat their fellow men and women with kindness even without rewards. The study appeared in the journal science advances and was based on four social motivations. The first is that people want to return kindness to someone who was nice to them. The second is that someone who saw another being nice wants to be nice as well. The third was that people are likely to do good if others will see they are generous. The fourth is that when someone is nice, the receiver wants to pay IT forward to another stranger. The study was done on the internet and involved seven hundred people. Each person began with ten points. At each point represented money. A game of scenes and stories were set up to let the participants pass out their points. The scientists were surprised to find that almost everyone was more willing to lose all of their points to help others or return favors. The study itself was an interesting view on how kindness has helped humans grow and survive. 听力部分到此结束。 叙州区二中2023-2024学年高二上期开学考试 英语试题 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the final holiday plan of the woman’s family? A. Going surfing. B. Going cycling. C. Going hiking. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a cinema. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man order? A. A ham salad. B. A beef salad. C. Some bread rolls. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the weather like now? A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does Amanda want to learn to play the guitar? A. To record popular songs. B. To perform her own music. C. To become a guitar teacher. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the woman looking for? A. A book store. B. A supermarket. C. A hospital. 7. How will the woman go there? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By taxi. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What kind of painting does the man like? A. Watercolor paintings. B. Oil paintings. C. Ink paintings. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Hobbies. B. A famous painting. C. Their university classes. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How much did the woman’s package post cost? A. $10.81. B. $12. C. $5.94. 11. In which way did the woman get to mail her package? A. First class. B. A cheaper way. C. An expensive way. 12. How long will it take for this package to go to New York? A. 12 days. B. 2 weeks. C. 10 days. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why does the woman call the man? A To ask about her sister. B. To borrow books. C. To visit his parents. 14. What was the man doing when the phone rang? A. Shopping. B. Surfing the Internet. C. Working in the garden. 15. What kind of books does Anna want to read? A. Geography. B. History. C. Music. 16. When will the speakers meet? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow afternoon. C. Tomorrow morning. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 Which is the first social motivation? A. Being kind to everyone. B. Being good for a reward. C. Being nice to a nice person. 18. How many points did everyone start with in the study? A. 4. B. 7. C. 10. 19. Why are the scientists surprised about the study? A. People would like to give up their own interests to help others. B. People were happy to receive points. C. People enjoyed playing the game. 20. What is the main topic of the talk? A. Social relationships. B. The importance of money. C. The development of society. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The national parks of Russia are attracting many tourists. To make the selection of the popular parks easy for you we prepared a few national parks worth visiting. ◎ Elk Island, Moscow Elk (麋鹿) Island is the very first national park of Russia. It was established in the year 1983. The park is located to the north of the Capital City. If you are a true love of nature, then here you can enjoy riding a bicycle in the park. The entrance of this park is near the Belokamennaya station and no entry fee is there. If you are willing to visit the elks, then you need to take a bus directly from the metro station. ◎ Pleshcheyevo Lake, Yaroslavl It is located on the golden rule tourist route, and here you will get the feeling of ancient Rus. Travelers here love the picturesque view of the Sunset. The ancient city Pereslavl-Zalessky is surrounded by this park. You can get a bus directly from the Moscow Central Station. ◎ Sochi National Park, Moscow This park was also started in the year 1983. This park is situated 1000 miles south of Moscow. It is quite impressive to notice that since 2007, Caucasian leopards have been introduced again in this park. Waterfalls, caves, and canyons altogether make the atmosphere really enjoyable and you can also take pleasure swimming in the warm black sea. ◎ Land of the Leopard, Vladivostok If you are desirous to watch leopards, then Vladivostok is definitely the best place to visit. This place is situated 5600 miles away from east Moscow and here you will be able to get a glimpse of the wild cats — leopards. This region is spread from the Amur Bay. There is one single tourist route to enter the park. 21. What is special about Elk Island? A. It has an entry fee for visitors. B. It is located to the center of Moscow. C. It offers chance to visit the elks by metro. D It is one of the first national parks of Russia. 22. What can travelers enjoy in Pleshcheyevo Lake national park? A. The culture of ancient Rus. B. A picturesque view of the Sunset. C. Riding a bicycle to the ancient city. D. Swimming in the Pleshcheyevo Lake. 23. What do Sochi National Park and Land of the Leopard have in common? A. They allow visitors to observe leopards. B. They were established in the year 1983. C. They give visitors a good place to swim in. D. They are located in the southern part of Russia. B As a teenager, school was difficult for me. I had a kind of attention disorder, which means I couldn’t direct my attention to what I was doing. So when everyone else in the class was centering their attention on tasks, I could not. In my first reading class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all finished in 45 minutes. I immediately put up my hand and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to finish the task.” She looked down at me through her glasses, saying, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” With her encouragement, I tried. But I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? With thoughts running through my head, I found myself deeply attracted in reading and writing. I completed the task in less than 40 minutes. I realized that I was not different from others. I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problem, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words, “See what you can do when you keep trying?” 24. Why was school difficult for the writer ? A. Because he didn’t like the teacher. B. Because the tasks were too boring to him. C. Because he got a kind of attention disorder. D. Because his classmates talked with him in class. 25. What do Mrs. Smith’s words show in Paragraph 3? A. She encouraged the writer. B. She laughed at the writer C. She felt sorry for the writer. D. She was pleased with the writer. 26. What helped the author complete his homework ? A. A quiet place. B. The challenging task. C. Louis’s reading system. D. His teacher’s suggestion. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Never stop reading. B. Never give up easily. C. How to be a great teacher. D. How to learn as a blind. C If you grew up watching the kid’s television channel Nickelodeon, you will probably understand that there is nothing greater than enjoying its special bright green slime ( 水晶泥). The week of May 11, astronauts (宇航员) aboard the International Space Station(ISS) joined the slime. Nickelodeon sent two kilos of its green slime into space in the summer of 2019. The Slime in Space project’s idea was to create an educational trip for teachers to use in class. The green slime was also used to guide astronauts through a series of experiments that were designed to learn more about how slime acts in microgravity. Researchers from Portland State University(PSU) were excited to design the experiments for the project. Mark Weislogel and his partner designed eight shows for NASA astronauts and European Space Agency astronaut aboard to perform. If you’re wondering what we could hope to learn from sending slime into space, the answer lies in its very name. Slime is slimy. This is because it is a liquid that is thicker than liquids like water. This makes slime act in unexpected ways in the microgravity of the ISS. Improving our understanding of how thicker liquids act in space may help us improve the design of systems that something were designed with Earth’s gravity in mind. “Interestingly, we consider liquid on Earth as that takes the shape of its container,” Koch tells CNN. “Water just turns into a ball in microgravity, so we’ve had to have a new understanding of different kinds of matter in space. This experiment shows how microgravity can help us understand things on Earth, especially the things we take for granted.” 28. In paragraph one, Nickelodeon is mentioned______. A. to introduce the topic B. to attract the kids C. to make advertisements D. to share a TV show 29. Why are the experiments with slime designed in space ? A. Because they get students interested in space. B. Because they help us understand how slime acts in microgravity. C. Because slime is popular with kids in the TV show. D. Because slime takes the shape of its container. 30. What is Koch’s attitude towards the experiment with slime? A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Positive. D. Uninterested. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. Microgravity makes a difference to matters. B. Astronauts join the slime in space for science. C. Kids join the slime so as to become astronauts. D. Experiments are designed with slimy slime. D Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss. After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and thing quickly, says Dr. Smith of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink (萎缩), especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels (血管) narrow. Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t re member even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Smith says. When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong. But even then, Dr. Smith says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants. You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Dr. Smith suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Dr. Smith says. “Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster (助推器). 32. Why is it common for the aged to experience memory loss? A. The related parts of brain get aged and smaller. B. The communication of brain regions is stopped. C. The brain cells of memory change their positions. D. The slow blood flows result in narrow blood vessels. 33. What can we do to fight against the memory loss? A. Check health problems in the hospital. B. Take medicine to regain your brain cells. C. Take part in physical and mental activities. D. Build up a completely new cognitive region. 34. Which of the situation warns us to see a doctor? A. John doesn’t know how to operate a new printer. B. Anne has forgotten her usual way to the park near home. C. Jack can’t remember the name of an actor in a soup opera. D. Ammy is confused with her friends’ addresses occasionally. 35. What is the best title of the text? A. What Causes Memory Loss B. Have You Lost Thinking Ability C. How Does Brain Booster Work D. Have You Really Got Dementia 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. ____36____ Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analysed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. ____37____ In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. ____38____ Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. ____39____ To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. ____40____ For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against cyber attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A. They need the support of computer experts. B. The findings show that passwords tell our emotions. C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders. E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world. F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A few months ago, someone gifted us a Roomba, robot vacuum (真空的) cleaner. We already had a regular vacuum___41___, so I didn’t really see us using this new one. It just___42___in its box. One of our neighbors was moving away next week to a new___43___ and I thought of asking her whether this might be something she could use. It___44___that she enthusiastically replied YES!! After all, her daughter’s desire was unexpectedly___45___. I couldn’t tell you how overjoyed I was to see her daughter’s___46___ when she came over. She was as___47___about the flower seeds I gave her from our backyard to___48___ in their new home. In this way, they will always have a piece of our___49___with them... she was really touched. The nice thing was that the daughter would still be____50____in our town. I told her that if she ever would need to stay over and not to drive 45 mins to the new house, our____51____ would be always here for her. She also told me that she was so____52____ that I chalked up (用粉笔画) a big pink heart on the front of our house on the____53____of their farewell (告别) party ... I haven’t had the “____54____” washed off yet.. I told her that maybe I would never do that, because I like, being reminded of how our hearts are____55____ to everyone. 41. A. glass B. box C. package D. cleaner 42. A. walked B. suffered C. sat D. reflected 43. A. factory B. house C. company D. library 44. A. turned out B. made out C. carried out D. worked out 45. A. taken B. met C. played D. kept 46. A. determination B. humor C. response D. genius 47. A. excited B. funny C. admirable D. faithful 48. A. see B. sell C. display D. plant 49. A. wood B. circle C. cake D. furniture 50. A. seeping B. drawing C. working D. cleaning 51. A. backyard B. garden C. kitchen D. home 52. A. touched B. stressed C. confused D. disappointed 53. A. move B. behalf C. way D. occasion 54. A. dust B. flower C. heart D. ground 55. A. connected B. devoted C. beneficial D. familiar 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dr Richard Fairhurst’s new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. It ____56____ (suggest) that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over. That is ____57____ interesting point. There have been golden ages of invention throughout history. Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass. These ____58____ (wonder) things changed the world forever. Nowadays, we find ____59____ (our) in the great new age of technology. So are most of the new great inventions tech-based? A lot, yes. For example, advances in virtual reality and ____60____ (wear) tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing ____61____ (far) developments than before. In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to ____62____ (increase) computer power. New inventions like 3D printers have been used ____63____ (make) replacement hearts and bone parts. In terms ____64____ the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house, ____65____ uses GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. What’s more, huge advances in solar technology mean it can also be eco-friendly. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国文化很感兴趣。他写信询问你最喜欢的中国传统节日的信息。请你给他写一封回信，向他介绍这一传统节日，内容包括： 1. 节日的时间； 2.庆祝该节日的主要活动； 3.邀请Peter来中国过节。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）读后续写 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time, there was a boy who always enjoyed listening to his mother’s story about the statue (雕像) standing beside their house. The statue’s name was Miriad, who was the symbol of kindness. People who walked by the statue showed their respect through bowing (鞠躬) in front of Miriad’s statue. It became a tradition in their village that everyman who died due to helping others would be honored as Miriad, and would be remembered by all the people. One night, the boy asked his mother how Miriad gained his respect from all the people in this village. “He was just a simple man,” his mother said. “He helped people selflessly, thinking others first.” “Well, I can also do that,” the boy proudly told his mother. His mother continued, “That is the reason why people made Miriad a statue, for you child to copy and not to forget.” One morning, the boy saw a little girl crying under an apple tree. “Why do you cry?” the boy asked. “I was trying to get myself some fruit from this apple tree and suddenly I fell down from it,” the little girl explained. “Let me do it for you,” the boy said. He started to climb up the tree and picked as many apples a she could. After a while, the boy jumped down from the tree and gave all the apples to the little girl. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The little girl thanked the boy for his kindness. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day, the boy met a homeless man who seemed hungry. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 叙州区二中2023-2024学年高二上期开学考试 英语试题 本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题 95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the final holiday plan of the woman’s family? A. Going surfing. B. Going cycling. C. Going hiking. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Do you have any plans for the holiday? W: The children want to go cycling but their father wants to go surfing. And I’d like to go hiking. We’ve decided to follow the children’s choice. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a cinema. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Sorry to bother you. Could you tell me where I can find Charlotte’s Web? My son wants to read it after watching the film of the same name. W: Sure. It’s in the second row, with a price tag of $17. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man order? A. A ham salad. B. A beef salad. C. Some bread rolls. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me. I’d like a salad. W: Which one, sir? A ham or a beef salad? M: That one over there, next to the bread rolls. W: That’s a beef salad, sir. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the weather like now? A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: What about going for a bike ride? M: Is it still raining? W: No, but it’s still dull. Let’s hang on for half an hour or so. It may clear up then. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does Amanda want to learn to play the guitar? A. To record popular songs. B. To perform her own music. C. To become a guitar teacher. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Amanda.What skill would you like to develop? W: Well, I want to learn to play the guitar. I love writing songs, you know. And I think it would be lovely if I could play my own music and entertain people. 第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is the woman looking for? A. A book store. B. A supermarket. C. A hospital. 7. How will the woman go there? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By taxi. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the supermarket? M: Go along this street, then turn right at the first crossing and you’ll see a hospital. Then go on and you will see it, next to a bookstore, W: Do I need to take a bus? M: Oh, there isn’t a direct bus. It’s not far, only 20 minutes’ walk. You can go there on foot. W: I’m in a hurry. I think I need a taxi. Thank you. M: You’re welcome. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What kind of painting does the man like? A. Watercolor paintings. B. Oil paintings. C. Ink paintings. 9. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Hobbies. B. A famous painting. C. Their university classes. 【答案】8. B 9. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Bob. What are you doing? M: I’m painting at home. W: I didn’t know you like to paint. What type of painting do you like? M: I enjoy oil paintings. I learned painting in one of my extra classes at my university. W: That sounds so interesting. I wish I had a hobby. M: It’s never too late to start a new hobby. They offer a variety of classes at the local community college. You should look it up. W: I think I will. Thanks for the information. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How much did the woman’s package post cost? A. $10.81. B. $12. C. $5.94. 11. In which way did the woman get to mail her package? A. First class. B. A cheaper way. C. An expensive way. 12. How long will it take for this package to go to New York? A. 12 days. B. 2 weeks. C. 10 days. 【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I’d like to mail this package to New York. M: How would you like to send it? W: First class, please. M: OK, let’s see. It’s twelve pounds, so that will be ten dollars and eighty-one cents. W: Ten dollars and eighty-one cents? M: Yes. That’s a pretty heavy package you’ve got here. W: Oh, I suppose it is. Tell me, is there a cheaper way to mail it? M: Sure, it can be sent by package post, but it will take longer to get there. W. How long will it take? M: Let me see. To New York from here it will take about twelve days. W: How much will it cost? M: Let’s see now. Twelve pounds, package post... that will cost five dollars and ninety-four cents. W: OK, I think I’ll send it by package post. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Why does the woman call the man? A. To ask about her sister. B. To borrow books. C. To visit his parents. 14. What was the man doing when the phone rang? A. Shopping. B. Surfing the Internet. C. Working in the garden. 15. What kind of books does Anna want to read? A. Geography. B. History. C. Music. 16. When will the speakers meet? A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow afternoon. C. Tomorrow morning. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Sam, I’m so glad you’re back. I called about ten minutes ago. But no one answered the phone. M: Well, my parents went to the supermarket today and I was working in the garden. I heard nothing. So what’s up, Lucy? W: I wonder if I could borrow some books from you. My sister Anna wants to read some books on history by famous writers. M: Don’t you have any books for her to read? W: I hardly read. I spend most of my time learning music and surfing the Internet. Could you lend me some? M: Sure. You can come with your sister and pick some this afternoon. W: Sorry, but I’ll go swimming with her this afternoon. Could I come tomorrow morning? M: Tomorrow morning? I don’t think I can make it. I’ll play football with friends tomorrow morning. What about tomorrow afternoon? W: OK. See you then. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Which is the first social motivation? A. Being kind to everyone. B. Being good for a reward. C. Being nice to a nice person. 18. How many points did everyone start with in the study? A. 4. B. 7. C. 10. 19. Why are the scientists surprised about the study? A. People would like to give up their own interests to help others. B. People were happy to receive points. C. People enjoyed playing the game. 20. What is the main topic of the talk? A. Social relationships. B. The importance of money. C. The development of society. 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. A 20. A 【解析】 【原文】A recent study showed that people want to treat their fellow men and women with kindness, even without rewards. The study appeared in the journal Science Advances and was based on 4 social motivations. The first is that people want to return kindness to someone who was nice to them. The second is that someone who saw another being nice wants to be nice as well. The third was that people are likely to do good if others will see they are generous. The fourth is that when someone is nice, the receiver wants to “pay it forward” to another stranger. The study was done on the Internet and involved 700 people. Each person began with 10 points and each point represented money. A game of scenes and stories were set up to let the participants pass out their points. The scientists were surprised to find that almost everyone was more willing to lose all of their points to help others or return favors. The study itself was an interesting view on how kindness has helped humans grow and survive. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The national parks of Russia are attracting many tourists. To make the selection of the popular parks easy for you, we prepared a few national parks worth visiting. ◎ Elk Island, Moscow Elk (麋鹿) Island is the very first national park of Russia. It was established in the year 1983. The park is located to the north of the Capital City. If you are a true love of nature, then here you can enjoy riding a bicycle in the park. The entrance of this park is near the Belokamennaya station and no entry fee is there. If you are willing to visit the elks, then you need to take a bus directly from the metro station. ◎ Pleshcheyevo Lake, Yaroslavl It is located on the golden rule tourist route, and here you will get the feeling of ancient Rus. Travelers here love the picturesque view of the Sunset. The ancient city Pereslavl-Zalessky is surrounded by this park. You can get a bus directly from the Moscow Central Station. ◎ Sochi National Park, Moscow This park was also started in the year 1983. This park is situated 1000 miles south of Moscow. It is quite impressive to notice that since 2007, Caucasian leopards have been introduced again in this park. Waterfalls, caves, and canyons altogether make the atmosphere really enjoyable and you can also take pleasure swimming in the warm black sea. ◎ Land of the Leopard, Vladivostok If you are desirous to watch leopards, then Vladivostok is definitely the best place to visit. This place is situated 5600 miles away from east Moscow and here you will be able to get a glimpse of the wild cats — leopards. This region is spread from the Amur Bay. There is one single tourist route to enter the park. 21. What is special about Elk Island? A. It has an entry fee for visitors. B. It is located to the center of Moscow. C. It offers chance to visit the elks by metro. D. It is one of the first national parks of Russia. 22. What can travelers enjoy in Pleshcheyevo Lake national park? A. The culture of ancient Rus. B. A picturesque view of the Sunset. C. Riding a bicycle to the ancient city. D. Swimming in the Pleshcheyevo Lake. 23. What do Sochi National Park and Land of the Leopard have in common? A. They allow visitors to observe leopards. B. They were established in the year 1983. C. They give visitors a good place to swim in. D. They are located in the southern part of Russia. 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了俄罗斯一些值得参观的国家公园。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Elk Island, Moscow部分中的“Elk (麋鹿) Island is the very first national park of Russia.(麋鹿岛是俄罗斯第一个国家公园。)”可知，麋鹿岛的特殊之处在于，它是俄罗斯最早的国家公园之一。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pleshcheyevo Lake, Yaroslavl部分中的“Travelers here love the picturesque view of the Sunset.(这里的游客喜欢日落的美景。)”可知，游客在Pleshcheyevo Lake(普列谢耶沃湖)国家公园可以欣赏如画般的日落美景。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sochi National Park, Moscow部分中的“It is quite impressive to notice that since 2007, Caucasian leopards have been introduced again in this park.(令人印象深刻的是，自2007年以来，高加索豹再次被引入这个公园。)”和Land of the Leopard, Vladivostok部分中的“This place is situated 5600 miles away from east Moscow and here you will be able to get a glimpse of the wild cats — leopards. (这个地方距离莫斯科东部5600英里，在这里你可以看到野生猫科动物——豹。)”可知，索契国家公园和豹之地公园的共同点是：它们允许游客观察豹子。故选A。 B As a teenager, school was difficult for me. I had a kind of attention disorder, which means I couldn’t direct my attention to what I was doing. So when everyone else in the class was centering their attention on tasks, I could not. In my first reading class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all finished in 45 minutes. I immediately put up my hand and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to finish the task.” She looked down at me through her glasses, saying, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” With her encouragement, I tried. But I didn’t finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home. In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn’t get much education. But Louis didn’t give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind. Wasn’t I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? With thoughts running through my head, I found myself deeply attracted in reading and writing. I completed the task in less than 40 minutes. I realized that I was not different from others. I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problem, why should I ever give up? I didn’t expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words, “See what you can do when you keep trying?” 24. Why was school difficult for the writer ? A. Because he didn’t like the teacher. B. Because the tasks were too boring to him. C. Because he got a kind of attention disorder. D. Because his classmates talked with him in class. 25. What do Mrs. Smith’s words show in Paragraph 3? A. She encouraged the writer. B. She laughed at the writer C. She felt sorry for the writer. D. She was pleased with the writer. 26. What helped the author complete his homework ? A. A quiet place. B. The challenging task. C. Louis’s reading system. D. His teacher’s suggestion. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Never stop reading. B. Never give up easily. C. How to be a great teacher. D. How to learn as a blind. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者患有注意力障碍，但是在老师的鼓励下，他坚持努力，克服了自身的缺点的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“As a teenager, school was difficult for me. I had a kind of attention disorder, which means I couldn’t direct my attention to what I was doing.（作为一名青少年，学校对我来说是很难的。我患上了一种注意力障碍，也就是说我无法集中注意力于我正在做的事情上。）”可知，学校对于作者来说很难，是因为作者患有一种注意力障碍的病，故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She looked down at me through her glasses, saying, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.” With her encouragement, I tried.（她低头，透过她的眼镜看着我，说道：‘孩子，你并不与他们不同’。在她的鼓励下，我努力去阅读。）”可知，此处老师说的话，是为了鼓励作者，故选A。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“I completed the task in less than 40 minutes. I realized that I was not different from others. I just needed a quieter place.（不到40分钟我便完成了这个任务。我意识到，我与其他人并无不同。我只是需要一个更安静的地方。）”可知，一个安静的地方能帮助作者完成作业，故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“At the bottom of the paper were these words, “See what you can do when you keep trying?”（在纸的底部写着这几个字，‘当你坚持努力，看，你能做很多事’。）”可知，本篇文章主要通过作者患有注意力无法集中的病，但是在老师的鼓励下，他坚持努力，克服了自身的缺点的故事，以此来告诉我们不要轻易放弃，要坚持努力，故选B。 C If you grew up watching the kid’s television channel Nickelodeon you will probably understand that there is nothing greater than enjoying its special bright green slime ( 水晶泥). The week of May 11, astronauts (宇航员) aboard the International Space Station(ISS) joined the slime. Nickelodeon sent two kilos of its green slime into space in the summer of 2019 The Slime in Space project’s idea was to create an educational trip for teachers to use in class. The green slime was also used to guide astronauts through a series of experiments that were designed to learn more about how slime acts in microgravity. Researchers from Portland State University(PSU) were excited to design the experiments for the project. Mark Weislogel and his partner designed eight shows for NASA astronauts and European Space Agency astronaut aboard to perform. If you’re wondering what we could hope to learn from sending slime into space, the answer lies in its very name. Slime is slimy. This is because it is a liquid that is thicker than liquids like water. This makes slime act in unexpected ways in the microgravity of the ISS. Improving our understanding of how thicker liquids act in space may help us improve the design of systems that something were designed with Earth’s gravity in mind. “Interestingly, we consider liquid on Earth as that takes the shape of its container,” Koch tells CNN. “Water just turns into a ball in microgravity, so we’ve had to have a new understanding of different kinds of matter in space. This experiment shows how microgravity can help us understand things on Earth, especially the things we take for granted.” 28. In paragraph one, Nickelodeon is mentioned______. A. to introduce the topic B. to attract the kids C. to make advertisements D. to share a TV show 29. Why are the experiments with slime designed in space ? A. Because they get students interested in space. B. Because they help us understand how slime acts in microgravity. C. Because slime is popular with kids in the TV show. D. Because slime takes the shape of its container. 30. What is Koch’s attitude towards the experiment with slime? A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Positive. D. Uninterested. 31. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. Microgravity makes a difference to matters. B. Astronauts join the slime in space for science. C. Kids join the slime so as to become astronauts. D. Experiments are designed with slimy slime. 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了宇航员把水晶泥带入太空进行实验以及这个实验的重要意义。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you grew up watching the kid’s television channel Nickelodeon, you will probably understand that there is nothing greater than enjoying its special bright green slime ( 水晶泥). The week of May 11, astronauts (宇航员) aboard the International Space Station(ISS) joined the slime.”如果你是看着儿童电视频道Nickelodeon长大的，你可能会明白，没有什么比享受它特别明亮的绿色水晶泥更美好的了。这周的5月11日，国际空间站上的宇航员把水晶泥带入了太空。以及后文的内容可知，文章主要介绍了宇航员把水晶泥带入太空进行实验，这对于我们研究地球物质有很大意义，可推断开头提到Nickelodeon的水晶泥是为了引出后文的话题。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The green slime was also used to guide astronauts through a series of experiments that were designed to learn more about how slime acts in microgravity.”（这种绿色的水晶泥还被用来指导宇航员进行一系列实验，这些实验旨在更多地了解水晶泥在微重力下的作用。）可知，在太空进行水晶泥实验是为了更好地了解水晶泥在微重力下的表现。故选B项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This experiment shows how microgravity can help us understand things on Earth, especially the things we take for granted.”（这个实验展示了微重力如何帮助我们理解地球上的事物，特别是那些我们认为理所当然的事物）可知，Koch认为水晶泥实验显示了微重力怎样帮助我们理解地球上的事物，所以他对这个实验是肯定的态度。A.Confused困惑的；B.Worried 担心的；C.Positive 积极的；D.Uninterested不感兴趣的。故选C项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The week of May 11, astronauts (宇航员) aboard the International Space Station(ISS) joined the slime.”（这周的5月11日，国际空间站上的宇航员把水晶泥带入了太空）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要围绕宇航员把水晶泥带入太空进行实验以及这个实验所带来的意义。所以这篇文章最好的标题是“宇航员为了科学把水晶泥带入太空”。故选B项。 D Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss. After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and thing quickly, says Dr. Smith of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston. The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink (萎缩), especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels (血管) narrow. Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t re member even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Smith says. When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong. But even then, Dr. Smith says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications like antidepressants. You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Dr. Smith suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve, Dr. Smith says. “Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster (助推器). 32. Why is it common for the aged to experience memory loss? A. The related parts of brain get aged and smaller. B. The communication of brain regions is stopped. C. The brain cells of memory change their positions. D. The slow blood flows result in narrow blood vessels. 33. What can we do to fight against the memory loss? A. Check health problems in the hospital. B. Take medicine to regain your brain cells. C. Take part in physical and mental activities. D. Build up a completely new cognitive region. 34. Which of the situation warns us to see a doctor? A. John doesn’t know how to operate a new printer. B. Anne has forgotten her usual way to the park near home. C. Jack can’t remember the name of an actor in a soup opera. D. Ammy is confused with her friends’ addresses occasionally. 35. What is the best title of the text? A. What Causes Memory Loss B. Have You Lost Thinking Ability C. How Does Brain Booster Work D. Have You Really Got Dementia 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。失去思考和记忆能力是可怕的，但与年龄相关的记忆丧失与痴呆症的症状有明显区别。大脑衰老会导致记忆力减退，但不必恐慌，可以通过增强认知储备、保持大脑和身体活跃来预防记忆力减退。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink (萎缩), especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels (血管) narrow. (大脑和身体其他部分一样会衰老。某些部分会萎缩，尤其是大脑中对学习、记忆和计划很重要的区域。脑细胞的变化会影响大脑不同区域之间的交流。当血管变窄时，血流量也会减少)”可知，老年人经常经历记忆力减退是因为大脑中与学习、记忆和计划相关的区域随年龄增长而衰老萎缩变小了，这些与年龄相关的变化会导致记忆人名、人物、地点和事物的困难。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster (助推器). (他说：‘读书、看电影、培养新的爱好或活动，这些都能促使你以新颖的方式思考。’换句话说，让你的大脑保持忙碌和工作。锻炼身体，因为锻炼是众所周知的大脑助推器)”可知，读书看电影等活动，以及身体锻炼，都可以促使大脑活跃，即我们能通过参加身体和心智活动来对抗记忆丧失。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s ‘a red flag that something more serious may be involved.’ Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong. (当你忘记整个经历时，他说，‘这是“一个危险信号，可能涉及更严重的事情。’忘记如何操作一个熟悉的东西，比如微波炉，或者忘记如何开车去你以前去过很多次的朋友家，也可能是出了问题的迹象。)”推知，Anne 忘记了去家附近公园的惯常路线，这种危险信号提醒Anne 要去看医生。故选B项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss. (失去思考和记忆的能力是相当可怕的。我们知道患痴呆症的风险随着年龄的增长而增加。但如果你有记忆失误，你可能不必担心。痴呆症的症状和与年龄相关的记忆丧失之间有相当明显的区别。)”可知，文章主要介绍失去思考和记忆能力是可怕的，但与年龄相关的记忆丧失与痴呆症的症状有明显区别。大脑衰老会导致记忆力减退，但不必恐慌，可以通过增强认知储备、保持大脑和身体活跃来预防记忆力减退。“Have You Really Got Dementia (你真的得了痴呆症吗)”作为文章标题比较贴切，故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. ____36____ Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analysed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. ____37____ In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. ____38____ Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. ____39____ To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. ____40____ For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against cyber attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A. They need the support of computer experts. B. The findings show that passwords tell our emotions. C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders. E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world. F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. 【答案】36. E 37. C 38. D 39. G 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们使用网络密码的现状并提出了应对之策。 【36题详解】 由空前两句“If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone.( 如果你使用“123456”、“password”或“qwerty”作为密码，你可能已经意识到你有被黑客攻击的风险。但你并不只有你一人这样。)”可知，空处谈论人们最常使用的密码形式；结合选项可知，选项E. These are among the most popular passwords around the world.(这些是世界上最最受欢迎的密码。)承接前一句，符合题意；此处these指代前文提到的几种密码。故选E。 【37题详解】 由空后“In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice.( 在英国，“利物浦”是第三大最受欢迎的密码，有224160次点击，而智利足球俱乐部的名字“colocolo”在智利有15748人使用，排名第五。)可知，空处讲述的是有些国家的人的密码设置受到喜欢的球队的影响；结合选项可知，选项C. People in some countries take inspiration from a football team.( 有些国家的人们从足球队中获得灵感。)切题，与空后描述一致；空后也列举了两支著名的球队名称。故选C。 【38题详解】 空处是本段的主旨句。由空后“Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I loveyou”, while men often use sports-related passwords.( 女性倾向于使用更积极、更深情的单词和短语，比如“阳光”或“我爱你”，而男性则经常使用与体育相关的密码。)”可知，本段主要讲述的男性和女性在设置密码上的差异；结合选项可知，选项D. The report also reflected different preferences between genders.( 该报告还反映了性别偏好的不同。)与本段描述内容一致，切题。故选D。 【39题详解】 由空前“But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. (但我们知道，人们继续选择易破的密码，而且通常不会安全地管理它们。)”可知，空处讲述的是人们选择不安全密码的后果；结合选项可知，选项G. As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats.( 因此，他们将自己置于潜在的网络安全威胁之下。)谈论的是使用不安全密码的后果，切题。故选G。 【40题详解】 根据后文“For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). (例如，双因素身份验证(2FA)和多因素身份验证(MFA)方法是保护您的帐户的好方法。这些方法将密码与生物识别信息(例如，面部扫描或指纹)或其他可识别的信息(如验证码)结合起来。)”可知，空处讲述的是如何保护个人信息，即保护个人信息的方法；结合选项可知，选项F. Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information.( 此外，还有其他方法来保护你的个人信息。)与下文描述相呼应，符合题意。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A few months ago, someone gifted us a Roomba, robot vacuum (真空的) cleaner. We already had a regular vacuum___41___, so I didn’t really see us using this new one. It just___42___in its box. One of our neighbors was moving away next week to a new___43___ and I thought of asking her whether this might be something she could use. It___44___that she enthusiastically replied YES!! After all, her daughter’s desire was unexpectedly___45___. I couldn’t tell you how overjoyed I was to see her daughter’s___46___ when she came over. She was as___47___about the flower seeds I gave her from our backyard to___48___ in their new home. In this way, they will always have a piece of our___49___with them... she was really touched. The nice thing was that the daughter would still be____50____in our town. I told her that if she ever would need to stay over and not to drive 45 mins to the new house, our____51____ would be always here for her. She also told me that she was so____52____ that I chalked up (用粉笔画) a big pink heart on the front of our house on the____53____of their farewell (告别) party ... I haven’t had the “____54____” washed off yet.. I told her that maybe I would never do that, because I like, being reminded of how our hearts are____55____ to everyone. 41. A. glass B. box C. package D. cleaner 42. A. walked B. suffered C. sat D. reflected 43. A. factory B. house C. company D. library 44. A. turned out B. made out C. carried out D. worked out 45. A. taken B. met C. played D. kept 46. A. determination B. humor C. response D. genius 47. A. excited B. funny C. admirable D. faithful 48. A. see B. sell C. display D. plant 49. A. wood B. circle C. cake D. furniture 50. A. seeping B. drawing C. working D. cleaning 51. A. backyard B. garden C. kitchen D. home 52. A. touched B. stressed C. confused D. disappointed 53. A. move B. behalf C. way D. occasion 54. A. dust B. flower C. heart D. ground 55. A. connected B. devoted C. beneficial D. familiar 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. D 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和邻居之间的温情互动，作者认为人与人之间应该联系在一起。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经有了一个普通的吸尘器，所以我没有用这个新的。A. glass玻璃；B. box盒子；C. package包裹；D. cleaner清洁工、清洁器。空处为原词重现，根据上文“A few months ago, someone gifted us a Roomba, robot vacuum (真空的) cleaner.”可知，空处指的是普通的吸尘器。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它只是待在在盒子里。A. walked走路；B. suffered遭受；C. sat坐、待在；D. reflected反应。根据上文“so I didn’t really see us using this new one.”可知，作者并没有用新的吸尘器，所以这个吸尘器待在盒子里面。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一个邻居下星期要搬到新房子里去，我想问问她这个东西是否有用。A. factory工厂；B. house房子；C. company公司；D. library图书馆。根据下文“She was as___7___about the flower seeds I gave her from our backyard to___8___ in their new home”可知，作者的邻居要搬到新的房子里。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：结果她热情地回答：当然有用！A. turned out结果是；B. made out理解；C. carried out实施；D. worked out锻炼。根据下文“that she enthusiastically replied YES”可知，作者询问之下，得到了热情的回应。所以是询问的结果是得到了热情的回应。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，她女儿的愿望出乎意料地得到了满足。A. taken取走；B. met见面、满足；C. played玩；D. kept保持。根据下文“I couldn’t tell you how overjoyed I was to see her daughter’s___6___ when she came over.”可知，邻居的女儿很喜欢这个真空吸尘器。所以可推断，是女儿的愿望得到了满足。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到她女儿过来时的反应，我简直无法形容我有多高兴。A. determination决心；B. humor幽默；C. response反应；D. genius天赋。根据上文可知，邻居的女儿很喜欢这个吸尘器，所以作者是看到她女儿的反应很高兴。故选C。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把后院的花籽给了她，让她种在她们的新家，她也很兴奋。A. excited兴奋的；B. funny有趣的；C. admirable值得钦佩的；D. faithful忠诚的。根据上文“It___4___that she enthusiastically replied YES!!”可知，作者的邻居在收到吸尘器时非常兴奋；而空前的as则暗示，作者的邻居的反应和收到吸尘器一样兴奋。 故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把后院的花籽给了她，让她种在她们的新家，她也很兴奋。A. see看到；B. sell卖；C. display展示；D. plant种植。根据上文的“the flower seeds”可知，作者给了邻居花籽，所以应该是给邻居种在自己的新家。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样，她们就永远有了我们的圈子了……她真的很感动。A. wood树木；B. circle圆圈；C. cake蛋糕；D. furniture家具。根据上文可知，作者是给了邻居自己家后院的花籽，让邻居种在自己的后院。由此判断，这是为了让邻居感觉到和作者还在一个圈子里。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：好在他们的女儿还会在我们镇上工作。A. seeping渗漏；B. drawing画画；C. working工作；D. cleaning清洁。根据下文“I told her that if she ever would need to stay over and not to drive 45 mins to the new house”可知，搬家后，邻居的女儿要开45分钟的车去新房子，可得出邻居的女儿还在这个镇上工作，所以作者对她说有需要可以留下来过夜。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，如果她需要留下来过夜，不用开45分钟的车去新房子，我们的家将永远为她敞开。A. backyard后院；B. garden花园；C. kitchen厨房；D. home家。根据句意可知，搬家后，邻居的女儿回家很远，作者的意思是有时邻居的女儿不需要开车去新房子，所以指的应该是作者的家永远为她敞开。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还告诉我，她非常感动，在他们的告别晚会上，我在我们家的房子前面用粉笔画了一颗大大的粉红色的心……。A. touched感动的；B. stressed有压力的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“I chalked up (用粉笔画) a big pink heart on the front of our house on the___13___of their farewell (告别) party”可知，这是一件令人感动的事情。故选A。 53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还告诉我，她非常感动，在他们的告别晚会上，我在我们家的房子前面用粉笔画了一颗大大的粉红色的心……。A. move移动；B. behalf代表；C. way方式；D. occasion场合。根据空后的“their farewell (告别) party”可知，是在告别晚会这样的场合之中。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还没把“心”洗掉呢……我告诉她，也许我永远不会那样做，因为我喜欢被提醒我们的心是如何与每个人联系在一起的。A. dust灰尘；B. flower花朵；C. heart心脏；D. ground地面。根据上文“I chalked up (用粉笔画) a big pink heart on the front of our house”可知，作者在房子前画了一个“心”，而这个心现在还没有洗掉。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还没把“心”洗掉呢……我告诉她，也许我永远不会那样做，因为我喜欢被提醒我们的心是如何与每个人联系在一起的。 A. connected联系在一起的；B. devoted投入的；C. beneficial有益的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“In this way, they will always have a piece of our___9___with them... she was really touched.”可知，作者给了邻居自己家后院的花籽，让邻居种在自己的后院，是为了让邻居感觉到和作者还在一个圈子里，作者想要表达的是自己和邻居的心永远联系在一起。故选A。 第II卷（非选择题55分） 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dr Richard Fairhurst’s new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. It ____56____ (suggest) that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over. That is ____57____ interesting point. There have been golden ages of invention throughout history. Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass. These ____58____ (wonder) things changed the world forever. Nowadays, we find ____59____ (our) in the great new age of technology. So are most of the new great inventions tech-based? A lot, yes. For example, advances in virtual reality and ____60____ (wear) tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing ____61____ (far) developments than before. In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to ____62____ (increase) computer power. New inventions like 3D printers have been used ____63____ (make) replacement hearts and bone parts. In terms ____64____ the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house, ____65____ uses GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”. What’s more, huge advances in solar technology mean it can also be eco-friendly. 【答案】56. suggests 57. an 58. wonderful 59. ourselves 60. wearable 61. further 62. increasing 63. to make 64. of 65. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。理查德·菲尔赫斯特博士的新书《发明的新时代》刚刚出版，书中表明今天是一个发明的新黄金时代，文章对此进行了介绍。 【56题详解】 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：它表明今天是一个发明的新时代，但是许多人可能认为伟大的发明时代已经结束了。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。主语it为第三人称单数。故填suggests。 【57题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这一点很有趣。point意为“要点”，为可数名词，此处为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词。interesting开头发音为元音。故填an。 【58题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些奇妙的东西永远地改变了世界。修饰名词things应用形容词wonderful表示“奇妙的”作定语。故填wonderful。 【59题详解】 考查代词。句意：如今，我们发现自己处于一个伟大的新技术时代。此处宾语和主语指代相同，所以应用反身代词作宾语。故填ourselves。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：例如，虚拟现实和可穿戴技术的进步，以及柔性电池，意味着我们很快就会看到比以前更大的发展。根据tech可知，此处是指可穿戴技术，所以应用形容词wearable表示“可穿戴的”作定语。故填wearable。 【61题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：例如，虚拟现实和可穿戴技术的进步，以及柔性电池，意味着我们很快就会看到比以前更大的发展。根据“than before”可知，此处是指更深远的发展，所以应用形容词比较级further表示“更深远的、进一步的”作定语。故填further。 【62题详解】 考查形容词。句意：此外，由于计算机能力的提高，医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。根据“important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science”可知，此处是指由于计算机能力的提高，所以应用形容词increasing表示“越来越多的，渐增的”作定语。故填increasing。 【63题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：像3D打印机这样的新发明已经被用来制造替代心脏和骨骼的部件。根据“replacement hearts and bone parts”可知，此处是指被用来制造替代心脏和骨骼的部件，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能行走的房子，它使用GPS技术去不同的地方旅行，用计算技术控制它的“腿”。in terms of意为“在……方面”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词of。故填of。 【65题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在环境方面，现在有可能创造一个智能行走的房子，它使用GPS技术去不同的地方旅行，用计算技术控制它的“腿”。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为an intelligent walking house，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter对中国文化很感兴趣。他写信询问你最喜欢的中国传统节日的信息。请你给他写一封回信，向他介绍这一传统节日，内容包括： 1. 节日的时间； 2.庆祝该节日的主要活动； 3.邀请Peter来中国过节。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m glad that you wrote to me to ask about my favorite traditional Chinese festival. I’m pretty sure it’s the Chinese New Year. The Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China. It is celebrated on the first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. The Chinese New Year includes a variety of festivities depending on the region and its local traditions and customs. However, there is something in common: it is time for families to come together, exchange good wishes, and enjoy delicious Chinese food. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给对中国文化感兴趣的Pete写一封信介绍一个中国的传统节日，和庆祝该节日的主要活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 重要的：important→significant 庆祝：celebrate→observe 各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of 2. 句型拓展 合并简单句 原句：The Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China. It is celebrated on the first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar. 拓展句：The Chinese New Year, which is celebrated on the first day of the first month of the Chinese lunar calendar, is the most important festival in China. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m glad that you wrote to me to ask about my favorite traditional Chinese festival.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]The Chinese New Year includes a variety of festivities depending on the region and its local traditions and customs.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分）读后续写 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Once upon a time, there was a boy who always enjoyed listening to his mother’s story about the statue (雕像) standing beside their house. The statue’s name was Miriad, who was the symbol of kindness. People who walked by the statue showed their respect through bowing (鞠躬) in front of Miriad’s statue. It became a tradition in their village that everyman who died due to helping others would be honored as Miriad, and would be remembered by all the people. One night, the boy asked his mother how Miriad gained his respect from all the people in this village. “He was just a simple man,” his mother said. “He helped people selflessly, thinking others first.” “Well, I can also do that,” the boy proudly told his mother. His mother continued, “That is the reason why people made Miriad a statue, for you child to copy and not to forget.” One morning, the boy saw a little girl crying under an apple tree. “Why do you cry?” the boy asked. “I was trying to get myself some fruit from this apple tree and suddenly I fell down from it,” the little girl explained. “Let me do it for you,” the boy said. He started to climb up the tree and picked as many apples a she could. After a while, the boy jumped down from the tree and gave all the apples to the little girl. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The little girl thanked the boy for his kindness. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day, the boy met a homeless man who seemed hungry. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The little girl thanked the boy for his kindness. And the she ran away with the apples. The boy smiled and realized that he was just like Miriad. He thought to himself, “I can be kind like Miriad, too.” He felt a sense of pride and accomplishment, knowing that he was capable of being kind, just like the statue that stood by their house. One day the boy met a homeless man who seemed hungry. Without thinking twice, he took out the last piece of bread from his pocket and gave it to the homeless man. He smiled at the man, who smiled back and thanked him. The boy said, “I am just like Miriad, now.” That day, the boy realized that kindness was something that could be learned and practiced. He was sure that Miriad would be proud of him. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个男孩被象征善良的米利亚德的故事所鼓舞，他决定要成为一个像米利亚德那样的人。一天，他看到一个小女孩在苹果树下哭泣。他主动提出帮助她，爬上去摘苹果，然后把苹果都给了她。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“小女孩感谢了男孩的好意，拿着苹果跑了。”可知，第一段可描写得到女孩的感谢后，男孩感到自豪并拥有了成就感，知道自己也能做一个善良的人。 ②由第二段首句内容“一天，这个男孩遇到了一个无家可归的人，他看起来很饿。”可知，第二段可描写男孩帮助了这个无家可归的人，并意识到善良是可以学习和练习的。 2.续写线索：得到感谢——感到自豪——提供食物——收获感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①感谢：thank/appreciate ②跑开：run away/run off ③认识到：know/realize 情绪类 ①善良：kindness/goodness ②自豪：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1] The boy smiled and realized that he was just like Miriad.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] One day, the boy met a homeless man who seemed hungry.(运用了关系代词who引导定语从句) [高分句型3] He was sure that Miriad would be proud of him.(运用了连词that引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$