专题一 专题练(十) 新闻报道类阅读-【步步高·考前三个月】2025年高考英语复习讲义课件（课件PPT+word教案）

专题练(十)　新闻报道类阅读　(分值：40分) 知考法　明考向：新闻报道类包含新闻事件的诸多元素，时间、地点、人物、起因、过程和结局。语篇特征明显：都是由标题Headline、导语Introduction、背景Background、主体Main body和结尾Ending五部分构成。近年来高考新闻类文章一般隐去标题，却在设题时要求考生在所给选项中选出最佳标题，考查学生对文章的概括能力。题型以细节理解题为主，兼顾推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题等。 (2024·新课标Ⅱ，B) Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes，we all have our phones，but many of us still like to ①go old school and read something printed. Well，there’s a kiosk(小亭) for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area，at least. “You enter the fare gates(检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute，a three-minute，or a five-minute story，” says Alicia Trost，the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March.Some are classic short stories，and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders.“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest，” Trost says.“And ②as of right now，we’ve received about 120 ③submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit(交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century，so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories，” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，较易。文章主要讲了旧金山湾区捷运系统BART推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验并吸引更多乘客使用公共交通。 24．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。文章首段揭示了乘客在车站可能面临的一个常见问题——忘记带读物。尽管手机很方便，但许多人仍然喜欢阅读纸质书籍或文章。紧接着，文章描述了BART在旧金山湾区设置自助服务亭的情况，服务亭提供短篇小说或诗歌供乘客阅读。因此，BART推出这个项目是为了给乘客提供阅读材料，即满足乘客的需求。故选C。 25．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“you can get a one-minute，a three-minute，or a five-minute story”和“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”可知，自助服务亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B。 26．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中Trost说的“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest”以及“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，获胜作品将被放入自助服务亭供乘客阅读。故选A。 27．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，即乘客量将会增加。故选D。 语境猜词 ①go old school回归老派 ②as of到……为止 ③submission＝(派)submi(t)＋ssion提交作品 A (2024·湖南长沙二模) In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan’s Prime Minister said the country’s population problem was a case of solving the issue “now or never”，and that it “simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions”． “In thinking of the ①sustainability and ②inclusiveness of our nation’s economy and society，we place child care support as our most important policy，” he said，adding that he wants the government to double its spending on ③child-related programs，and that a new government agency would be set up in April to focus on the issue. Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world，and it recorded fewer than 800,000 births in 2022 for the first time since records began in 1899.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world；in 2020，nearly one in 1,500 people in Japan were age 100 or older，according to government data. These trends have driven a growing population problem，with a rapidly aging society，a shrinking workforce and not enough young people to fill the gaps in the stagnating(停滞) economy.The country’s high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.Experts point to the pessimism young people in Japan hold towards the future，many frustrated with work pressure and economic stagnation. How about other parts of East Asia? South Korea recently broke its own record for the world’s lowest birth rate，with data from November 2023 showing a South Korean woman will have an average of 0.79 children in her lifetime—far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population.Japan’s birth rate ④stands at 1.3，while the United States is at 1.6.Meanwhile，China’s population shrank in 2022 for the first time，adding pressure to its economic growth. 语篇解读　本文是新闻报道。日本政府就本国人口危机发出了严重警告，称由于出生率不断下降，人口问题可能影响社会运转。 1．How does the Japanese government feel about the falling birth rate? A．Surprised. B．Confused. C．Embarrassed. D．Worried. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan’s Prime Minister said the country’s population problem was a case of solving the issue ‘now or never’，and that it ‘simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions’．”，再结合第二段谈到的日本政府对出生率下降所采取的行动可推知，日本政府对此感到很担忧。故选D。 2．Which of the following has led the birth rate in Japan to decline? A．The rapidly aging society. B．The high life expectancies. C．The shortage of workforce. D．The various stresses of life. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“The country’s high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.”可知，各种生活压力导致越来越少的夫妇愿意生养孩子，于是出现出生率下降的情况。故选D。 3．What are the statistics in the last paragraph used to show? A．Ignorance of the birth rate. B．Serious population crisis. C．Weak care services for children. D．Potential harm to women’s health. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“South Korea recently broke its own record for the world’s lowest birth rate...far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population...adding pressure to its economic growth.”可推知，最后一段的统计数据用来说明严重的人口危机。故选B。 4．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Society. B．Health. C．Education. D．Science. 答案　A 解析　文章出处题。结合全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲了由于人口出生率下降，日本政府采取了相应措施，并分析了出现人口危机的原因，最后一段还指出在东亚存在的人口危机问题。人口以及出生率属于社会问题。故选A。 语境猜词 ①sustainability＝(派)sustain＋able＋ity可持续性 ②inclusiveness＝(派)inclusive＋ness包容(性) ③child-related＝(合)child＋related与儿童相关的 ④stand at 达特定水平；处于 B (2024·重庆二模) We’re all familiar with the idea of climate change and how our planet is warming.Extremes in temperature have become more ①commonplace，making parts of the world difficult to live in.But one place where extreme heat is making life very uncomfortable is our cities.Luckily，innovation might be keeping it under control. As thermometers(温度计) record temperatures，sometimes above 50 degrees Celsius，solutions are being sought to cool the air in our cities.In India，for example，heatwaves and rapid ②urbanization have led to a big rise in the use of air-conditioning units，adding to CO2 emissions.So，architects，looking for a sustainable cooling solution，are copying an ancient lattice(框架) design，used in old buildings like the Taj Mahal，to construct comfortable，③low-carbon buildings.Yatin Pandya told the BBC，“Traditional architectural forms have proven their performance in combating environmental conditions.” In America，about 80% of the population lives in cities，and it’s these cities that suffer from an urban heat island effect，caused by factors such as trapped waste heat，concrete structures and pavements absorbing the sun and tall buildings blocking the wind.Residents and developers have tried to cool these places by planting large trees that offer shade and putting plants and gardens on top of roofs to help trap heat.And in Los Angeles，there’s an experiment to cover streets with ④light-coloured material that reflects rather than absorbs the sun and so they remain cooler than typical black roads. But it’s satellites in space that are really giving us the best picture of our over-heated cities.Glynn Hulley，who is leading an image-capturing project，called the Land Surface Temperature Monitoring mission，told the BBC，“The data can be used to identify hot spots，weak regions，and assess the cooling impacts of heat mitigation(缓解) approaches.” It’s already found how green spaces，white roads and water features have helped prevent our cities from boiling over.But with extreme heat still ⑤posing a threat to our lives，more solutions are still needed. 5．What leads to the increase of CO2 emissions? A．The invention of thermometers. B．The imitation of traditional architecture. C．The building of concrete structures. D．The application of air-conditioning units. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“In India，for example，heatwaves and rapid urbanization have led to a big rise in the use of air-conditioning units，adding to CO2 emissions.”可知，空调的使用增加了二氧化碳的排放。故选D。 6．Why is Los Angeles mentioned? A．To show people are trying to solve the problem. B．To prove it is miserable to suffer from heat. C．To demonstrate the benefit of modern buildings. D．To support the idea of low-carbon construction. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“Residents and developers have tried to cool these places by planting large trees that offer shade and putting plants and gardens on top of roofs to help trap heat.”以及后面举的洛杉矶的例子可知，提到洛杉矶是为了表明人们正在努力解决高温的问题。故选A。 7．What is the Land Surface Temperature Monitoring misson aimed at? A．Identifying city features. B．Emphasizing threats to lives. C．Evaluating the cooling effect. D．Testing image-capturing technology. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The data can be used to identify hot spots，weak regions，and assess the cooling impacts of heat mitigation(缓解) approaches.”可知，地表温度监测工作的目的是要评估冷却效果。故选C。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Cities in Danger B．Cooling Hot Cities C．Dramatic Climate Change D．Temperature Monitoring Mission 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段“We’re all familiar with the idea of climate change and how our planet is warming...Luckily，innovation might be keeping it under control.”和第二段首句“As thermometers(温度计) record temperatures，sometimes above 50 degrees Celsius，solutions are being sought to cool the air in our cities.”以及下文对人们采取的为城市降温的不同做法的介绍可知，B项(为酷热的城市降温)符合题意。故选B。 语境猜词 ①commonplace＝(合)common＋place普遍的 ②urbanization＝(派)urban＋iz(e)＋ation城市化，都市化 ③low-carbon＝(合)low＋carbon低碳的 ④light-coloured＝(合)light＋coloured 浅色的 ⑤pose a threat to对……构成威胁 C (2024·山东潍坊一模) On a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022，John McAvoy was running 38 kilometres into a very exhausting ultramarathon through rough mountain paths.Battling tiredness，he pushed his body and mind through the final ①leg of the race.With the finish arch in the famous town of Chamonix just four kilometres away and the ②cloud-topped peak of Mont Blanc high over him，McAvoy ③welled up with emotion. In that moment，he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10-year ④sentence. Now 40 years old，McAvoy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life from one of crime to one with purpose.It was on this day，while running the ultramarathon，that he realized how ⑤impactful conquering(征服) this mountain run could be for inner-city kids like him.After all，sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.It could do the same for others. With the help of Youth Beyond Borders，McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project，which recently led 12 disadvantaged British young people through their own Mont Blanc races.The participants，from refugees(难民) to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children’s Home，were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.After a six-month training program，the youth travelled to the Alps to meet up with McAvoy for their race. McAvoy says the highlight of this project for him was watching Yasmin Mahamud，a 20-year-old refugee from Syria，run through the finish arch and into the arms of her new friends.It was ⑥a life-changing high for Mahamud，inspiring her to keep running，take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy. “It changed my point of view on life，” says Mahamud.Pushing herself to complete the race gave her a brief experience of her own potential through hard work and devotion.“I will always be thankful to John for giving me this opportunity and guidance.” 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了刑满释放后一直努力寻找生活目标的John McAvoy通过参与超级马拉松比赛意识到了体育运动的积极作用，然后创办Alpine Run Project帮助其他处境困难的年轻人的故事。 9．How did McAvoy feel before the finish arch? A．He felt totally collapsed. B．He was peaceful and hopeful. C．He was satisfied with his pace. D．He felt as if completely reborn. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“With the finish arch in the famous town of...McAvoy welled up with emotion.”和第二段“In that moment，he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10-year sentence.”可知，John McAvoy在终点拱门前感觉自己极自由又富有生气，这与十年前他刑满释放时截然不同，即他感觉仿佛完全重生了一样。故选D。 10．What can we learn about McAvoy from paragraph 3? A．He was a builder 10 years ago. B．He realized the importance of sport. C．He ran to make up for his past wrongs. D．He had sympathy for the inner-city children. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was on this day，while running the ultramarathon，that he realized how impactful conquering(征服) this mountain run could be for inner-city kids like him.After all，sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.”可知，John McAvoy认识到体育运动的重要性，是运动帮助他再次过上了正常的生活，打开了他的世界。故选B。 11．Who most probably took part in the Mont Blanc races? A．A running coach. B．A travel lover. C．A homeless teenager. D．A skilled athlete. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的“The participants，from refugees(难民) to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children’s Home，were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.”推知，无家可归的少年最有可能参加这个比赛。故选C。 12．What message does McAvoy’s story convey? A．Live for the moment. B．Dream big and climb high. C．After the storm comes the rainbow. D．Run after the light and become the light. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。综合全文内容，根据第四段的“With the help of Youth Beyond Borders，McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project...were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.”和第五段的“It was a life-changing high for Mahamud，inspiring her to keep running，take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy.”以及第六段可知，John McAvoy在刑满释放后一直努力寻找生活目标，他意识到体育运动对于处于困境的孩子们有着巨大的影响力，因此他的故事可以鼓励个人追求积极向上，散发积极能量，照亮周围的世界，D项“奔向光明，成为光明”符合题意。故选D。 语境猜词 ①leg(熟义：腿)　生义(文义)：一段路程(或赛程) ②cloud-topped＝(合)cloud＋topped 高耸入云的 ③well up with emotion情绪激动 ④sentence(熟义：句子)　生义(文义)：判刑 ⑤impactful＝(派)impact＋ful有效的；有影响的 ⑥a life-changing high一个改变人生的高潮 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题一　四选一阅读 专题练(十) 新闻报道类阅读 新闻报道类包含新闻事件的诸多元素，时间、地点、人物、起因、过程和结局。语篇特征明显：都是由标题(Headline)、导语(Introduction)、背景(Background)、主体(Main body)和结尾(Ending)五部分构成。近年来高考新闻类文章一般隐去标题，却在设题时要求考生在所给选项中选出最佳标题，考查学生对文章的概括能力。题型以细节理解题为主，兼顾推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题等。 知考法　明考向 内容索引 做真题　悟技法 练模拟　提能力 (2024·新课标Ⅱ，B) Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes，we all have our phones，but many of us still like to ①go old school and read something printed. 做真题 悟技法 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道，较易。文章主要讲了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验并吸引更多乘客使用公共交通。 Well，there’s a kiosk(小亭) for that.In the San Francisco Bay Area，at least. “You enter the fare gates(检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute，a three-minute，or a five-minute story，” says Alicia Trost，the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit—known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple.Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March.Some are classic short stories，and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders.“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest，” Trost says.“And ②as of right now，we’ve received about 120 ③submissions.The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit(交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century，so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories，” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 24.Why did BART start the kiosk program? A.To promote the local culture. B.To discourage phone use. C.To meet passengers’ needs. D.To reduce its running costs. 推理判断题。文章首段揭示了乘客在车站可能面临的一个常见问题——忘记带读物。尽管手机很方便，但许多人仍然喜欢阅读纸质书籍或文章。紧接着，文章描述了BART在旧金山湾区设置自助服务亭的情况，服务亭提供短篇小说或诗歌供乘客阅读。因此，BART推出这个项目是为了给乘客提供阅读材料，即满足乘客的需求。故选C。 √ 25.How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A.By popularity. B.By length. C.By theme. D.By language. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“you can get a one-minute，a three-minute，or a five-minute story”和“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”可知，自助服务亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B。 √ 26.What has Trost been doing recently? A.Organizing a story contest. B.Doing a survey of customers. C.Choosing a print publisher. D.Conducting interviews with artists. 细节理解题。根据第五段中Trost说的“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest”以及“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，获胜作品将被放入自助服务亭供乘客阅读。故选A。 √ 27.What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A.It will close down. B.Its profits will decline. C.It will expand nationwide. D.Its ridership will increase. 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中“So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，即乘客量将会增加。故选D。 √ ①go old school __________ ②as of ____________ ③submission＝(派)submi(t)＋ssion __________ 回归老派 到……为止 提交作品 语境猜词 返回 A (2024·湖南长沙二模) In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan’s Prime Minister said the country’s population problem was a case of solving the issue “now or never”，and that it “simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions”. 语篇解读　本文是新闻报道。日本政府就本国人口危机发出了严重警告，称由于出生率不断下降，人口问题可能影响社会运转。 练模拟 提能力 “In thinking of the ①sustainability and ②inclusiveness of our nation’s economy and society，we place child care support as our most important policy，” he said，adding that he wants the government to double its spending on ③child-related programs，and that a new government agency would be set up in April to focus on the issue. Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world，and it recorded fewer than 800,000 births in 2022 for the first time since records began in 1899.The country also has one of the highest life expectancies in the world；in 2020，nearly one in 1,500 people in Japan were age 100 or older，according to government data. These trends have driven a growing population problem，with a rapidly aging society，a shrinking workforce and not enough young people to fill the gaps in the stagnating(停滞) economy.The country’s high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.Experts point to the pessimism young people in Japan hold towards the future，many frustrated with work pressure and economic stagnation. How about other parts of East Asia? South Korea recently broke its own record for the world’s lowest birth rate，with data from November 2023 showing a South Korean woman will have an average of 0.79 children in her lifetime—far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population.Japan’s birth rate ④stands at 1.3，while the United States is at 1.6.Meanwhile，China’s population shrank in 2022 for the first time，adding pressure to its economic growth. 1.How does the Japanese government feel about the falling birth rate? A.Surprised. B.Confused. C.Embarrassed. D.Worried. 推理判断题。根据第一段“In a policy address to lawmakers，Japan’s Prime Minister said the country’s population problem was a case of solving the issue ‘now or never’，and that it ‘simply cannot wait any longer because it can affect social functions’.”，再结合第二段谈到的日本政府对出生率下降所采取的行动可推知，日本政府对此感到很担忧。故选D。 √ 2.Which of the following has led the birth rate in Japan to decline? A.The rapidly aging society. B.The high life expectancies. C.The shortage of workforce. D.The various stresses of life. 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The country’s high cost of living，limited space and lack of child care support in cities make it difficult to raise children，meaning fewer couples are having kids.”可知，各种生活压力导致越来越少的夫妇愿意生养孩子，于是出现出生率下降的情况。故选D。 √ 3.What are the statistics in the last paragraph used to show? A.Ignorance of the birth rate. B.Serious population crisis. C.Weak care services for children. D.Potential harm to women’s health. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“South Korea recently broke its own record for the world’s lowest birth rate...far below the 2.1 needed to maintain a stable population...adding pressure to its economic growth.”可推知，最后一段的统计数据用来说明严重的人口危机。故选B。 4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A.Society. B.Health. C.Education. D.Science. √ 文章出处题。结合全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲了由于人口出生率下降，日本政府采取了相应措施，并分析了出现人口危机的原因，最后一段还指出在东亚存在的人口危机问题。人口以及出生率属于社会问题。故选A。 ①sustainability＝(派)sustain＋able＋ity __________ ②inclusiveness＝(派)inclusive＋ness _________ ③child-related＝(合)child＋related ______________ ④stand at ___________________ 语境猜词 可持续性 包容(性) 与儿童相关的 达特定水平；处于 B (2024·重庆二模) We’re all familiar with the idea of climate change and how our planet is warming.Extremes in temperature have become more ①commonplace，making parts of the world difficult to live in.But one place where extreme heat is making life very uncomfortable is our cities.Luckily，innovation might be keeping it under control. 语篇解读　本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍人们正在寻求和尝试不同的解决方案给城市降温。 As thermometers(温度计) record temperatures，sometimes above 50 degrees Celsius，solutions are being sought to cool the air in our cities.In India，for example，heatwaves and rapid ②urbanization have led to a big rise in the use of air-conditioning units，adding to CO2 emissions.So，architects，looking for a sustainable cooling solution，are copying an ancient lattice(框架) design，used in old buildings like the Taj Mahal，to construct comfortable，③low-carbon buildings.Yatin Pandya told the BBC，“Traditional architectural forms have proven their performance in combating environmental conditions.” In America，about 80% of the population lives in cities，and it’s these cities that suffer from an urban heat island effect，caused by factors such as trapped waste heat，concrete structures and pavements absorbing the sun and tall buildings blocking the wind.Residents and developers have tried to cool these places by planting large trees that offer shade and putting plants and gardens on top of roofs to help trap heat.And in Los Angeles，there’s an experiment to cover streets with ④light-coloured material that reflects rather than absorbs the sun and so they remain cooler than typical black roads. But it’s satellites in space that are really giving us the best picture of our over-heated cities.Glynn Hulley，who is leading an image-capturing project，called the Land Surface Temperature Monitoring mission，told the BBC，“The data can be used to identify hot spots，weak regions，and assess the cooling impacts of heat mitigation(缓解) approaches.” It’s already found how green spaces，white roads and water features have helped prevent our cities from boiling over.But with extreme heat still ⑤posing a threat to our lives，more solutions are still needed. 5.What leads to the increase of CO2 emissions? A.The invention of thermometers. B.The imitation of traditional architecture. C.The building of concrete structures. D.The application of air-conditioning units. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In India，for example，heatwaves and rapid urbanization have led to a big rise in the use of air-conditioning units，adding to CO2 emissions.”可知，空调的使用增加了二氧化碳的排放。故选D。 √ 6.Why is Los Angeles mentioned? A.To show people are trying to solve the problem. B.To prove it is miserable to suffer from heat. C.To demonstrate the benefit of modern buildings. D.To support the idea of low-carbon construction. √ 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Residents and developers have tried to cool these places by planting large trees that offer shade and putting plants and gardens on top of roofs to help trap heat.”以及后面举的洛杉矶的例子可知，提到洛杉矶是为了表明人们正在努力解决高温的问题。故选A。 7.What is the Land Surface Temperature Monitoring misson aimed at? A.Identifying city features. B.Emphasizing threats to lives. C.Evaluating the cooling effect. D.Testing image-capturing technology. √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The data can be used to identify hot spots，weak regions，and assess the cooling impacts of heat mitigation(缓解) approaches.”可知，地表温度监测工作的目的是要评估冷却效果。故选C。 8.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A.Cities in Danger B.Cooling Hot Cities C.Dramatic Climate Change D.Temperature Monitoring Mission √ 标题归纳题。根据第一段“We’re all familiar with the idea of climate change and how our planet is warming...Luckily，innovation might be keeping it under control.”和第二段首句“As thermometers(温度计) record temperatures，sometimes above 50 degrees Celsius，solutions are being sought to cool the air in our cities.”以及下文对人们采取的为城市降温的不同做法的介绍可知，B项(为酷热的城市降温)符合题意。故选B。 ①commonplace＝(合)common＋place ________ ②urbanization＝(派)urban＋iz(e)＋ation ________________ ③low-carbon＝(合)low＋carbon _________ ④light-coloured＝(合)light＋coloured ________ ⑤pose a threat to ________________ 普遍的 城市化，都市化 低碳的 语境猜词 浅色的 对……构成威胁 C (2024·山东潍坊一模) On a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022，John McAvoy was running 38 kilometres into a very exhausting ultramarathon through rough mountain paths.Battling tiredness，he pushed his body and mind through the final ①leg of the race.With the finish arch in the famous town of Chamonix just four kilometres away and the ②cloud-topped peak of Mont Blanc high over him，McAvoy ③welled up with emotion. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了刑满释放后一直努力寻找生活目标的John McAvoy通过参与超级马拉松比赛意识到了体育运动的积极作用，然后创办Alpine Run Project帮助其他处境困难的年轻人的故事。 In that moment，he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10-year ④sentence. Now 40 years old，McAvoy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life from one of crime to one with purpose.It was on this day，while running the ultramarathon，that he realized how ⑤impactful conquering(征服) this mountain run could be for inner-city kids like him.After all，sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.It could do the same for others. With the help of Youth Beyond Borders，McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project，which recently led 12 disadvantaged British young people through their own Mont Blanc races.The participants，from refugees(难民) to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children’s Home，were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.After a six-month training program，the youth travelled to the Alps to meet up with McAvoy for their race. McAvoy says the highlight of this project for him was watching Yasmin Mahamud，a 20-year-old refugee from Syria，run through the finish arch and into the arms of her new friends.It was ⑥a life-changing high for Mahamud，inspiring her to keep running，take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy. “It changed my point of view on life，” says Mahamud.Pushing herself to complete the race gave her a brief experience of her own potential through hard work and devotion.“I will always be thankful to John for giving me this opportunity and guidance.” 9.How did McAvoy feel before the finish arch? A.He felt totally collapsed. B.He was peaceful and hopeful. C.He was satisfied with his pace. D.He felt as if completely reborn. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段的“With the finish arch in the famous town of...McAvoy welled up with emotion.”和第二段“In that moment，he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10-year sentence.”可知，John McAvoy在终点拱门前感觉自己极自由又富有生气，这与十年前他刑满释放时截然不同，即他感觉仿佛完全重生了一样。故选D。 10.What can we learn about McAvoy from paragraph 3? A.He was a builder 10 years ago. B.He realized the importance of sport. C.He ran to make up for his past wrongs. D.He had sympathy for the inner-city children. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was on this day，while running the ultramarathon，that he realized how impactful conquering(征服) this mountain run could be for inner-city kids like him.After all，sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.”可知，John McAvoy认识到体育运动的重要性，是运动帮助他再次过上了正常的生活，打开了他的世界。故选B。 11.Who most probably took part in the Mont Blanc races? A.A running coach. B.A travel lover. C.A homeless teenager. D.A skilled athlete. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段的“The participants，from refugees(难民) to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children’s Home，were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.”推知，无家可归的少年最有可能参加这个比赛。故选C。 12.What message does McAvoy’s story convey? A.Live for the moment. B.Dream big and climb high. C.After the storm comes the rainbow. D.Run after the light and become the light. √ 推理判断题。综合全文内容，根据第四段的“With the help of Youth Beyond Borders，McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project...were matched with coaches，consultants and physiotherapists.”和第五段的“It was a life-changing high for Mahamud，inspiring her to keep running，take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy.”以及第六段可知，John McAvoy在刑满释放后一直努力寻找生活目标，他意识到体育运动对于处于困境的孩子们有着巨大的影响力，因此他的故事可以鼓励个人追求积极向上，散发积极能量，照亮周围的世界，D项“奔向光明，成为光明”符合题意。故选D。 ①leg(熟义：腿)　生义(文义)： __________________ ②cloud-topped＝(合)cloud＋topped ____________ ③well up with emotion __________ ④sentence(熟义：句子)　生义(文义)： ______ ⑤impactful＝(派)impact＋ful __________________ ⑥a life-changing high _____________________ 一段路程(或赛程) 高耸入云的 情绪激动 返回 语境猜词 判刑 有效的；有影响的 一个改变人生的高潮 $$