Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Discovering Useful Structures 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

高一英语 B3 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures主编人：王秀维 审核人:王红平 编号：Unit3 - 4 Unit 3 Grammar省略 课标要求：能够理解英语中省略的用法，并在适当的语境中正确运用省略 Learning aims: 1. To master the basic usages of Ellipsis. 2. To learn to use Ellipsis correctly. Learning Steps: Step 1. Lead in (目标指向一) What is Ellipsis? 为了避免重复，将句子中的一个或几个成分省去，这种语法现象叫省略。省略是避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。 Step 2. Presentation (目标指向二) 一：Ellipsis in simple sentence在简单句中省略 1. (You) Go down this street and turn right at the second crossing. 2. (Is there) Anything else? 3. — Are you from America? — Yes, I am (from America). 4. What a beautiful city (it is)! 结论：1. 祈使句的省略。在祈使句中，通常省略主语____________。 2. there be 句型省略____________。 3. 疑问句的答语省略。 4. 感叹句的省略。在 what 和 how 引导的感叹句中常省略____________。 二：Ellipsis in compound sentence在复合句中的省略 1. 定语从句的省略 ① Here is the man (whom) you’ve been looking for. ② The cat (that) I bought has a cute head. ③ I like the way (that / in which) he talks. 结论：如果关系代词在定语从句中作 _______，则关系代词可以省略。当先行词是 way，且引导词在定语从句中 ________ 时，关系词可以用 that、in which 或省略。 2.宾语从句的省略 ① He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. ② I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city). ③He said (that) the book was very interesting and that (不省略) all the children liked to read it. 结论：a. 及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词_______一般可以省略，但如果及物动词后接两个或两个以上由______引导的宾语从句时，那么只有第一个 that 可以省略。 b. when, where, how 和 why 引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。 3.状语从句的省略 ① When (the novel is) published, the novel will become one of the best sellers of the year. ② Though (they were) tired, they went on working. ③ He did as (he was) told. ④ He stood up as if (he were) to say something. ⑤ Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary. 结论：a. 当when, while, if, as if, though, as, until, unless 等连接的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且状语从句中含有 be 动词或从句的主语为 it 时，省略状语从句中的 _________________。 b. 在 than, as 等引导的 ________ 状语从句中常省略某些成分。 即时演练：用省略结构改写下列复合句。 1. Who is the man whom you were talking to? → Who is the man ________________________? 2. Someone has used my mobile phone, but I don’t know who has used it. → Someone has used my mobile phone, but I don’t know ______. 3. When it is heated, a piece of ice will turn into water. → ________________, a piece of ice will turn into water. 4. Although he was hard-working, he couldn’t earn enough to support himself. → _____________________, he couldn’t earn enough to support himself. 5. He’s the man that you can safely depend on. → He’s the man ________________________ 6. They don’t use more water than it is necessary. → They don’t use more water _______________. 三：Ellipsis in subjunctive mood在虚拟语气中的省略 1. We insisted that they (should) go with us. 2. It is necessary that we (should) learn more words by heart. 3. Had you come here yesterday, you would have met her. 4. Were I you, I would take his advice. 5. Should there be a letter for me, please keep it in the drawer. 结论：a 在一坚持 (insist)，二命令 (order, command)，三建议 (suggest, propose, advise)，四要求 (demand, require, request, demand) 等后的宾语从句中，含这些词的派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及 It is strange / natural / necessary / important that ... 从句中常省略 ____________。 b若从句包含had、were或should，可以省略if，并将这些词提前到句首，形成倒装句式。 即时演练： 用省略结构改写下列各句。 1. He ordered that we should go out at once. → He ordered that ____________________. 2. He recommended that the salary of all staff should be raised . → He recommended that the salary of all staff ___________ 3 If I were you,I would go to look for him. →____________,I would go to look for him. 四：Ellipsis in other situations 其他情况的省略--介词的省略 1. She spends half an hour (in) doing some reading every day. 2. We have a final exam (in) every term. 3. There is no sense / point (in) doing sth. 4. It is no good / use (in) doing sth. 5. I have trouble (in) understanding this problem. 结论：在英语中，一些与动词、名词、形容词搭配的______常被省略，只保留后面的动名词。如 spend time / money (in) doing sth; have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth; prevent / stop sb (from) doing sth。 Step 3. Homework: 一线精炼 P33 Ⅰ，Ⅱ，Ⅲ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$