精品解析：2024年江苏省普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷

机密★启用前 江苏省2024年普通高中学业水平合格性考试试卷 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1. 本试卷包含选择题（第1题～第35题，共35题70分）和非选择题（第36题～第46题，共11题30分）。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。本次考试时间为75分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并放在桌面，等待监考员收回。 2. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在本试卷及答题卡上。 3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡右上角所粘贴条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。 4. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。 第一部分 选择题（共两节，满分70分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many volunteer opportunities to choose from. The key is to find a position that you would enjoy. It’s also important to make sure that your commitment matches the organization’s needs. Besides, the opportunities that match both your goals and interests are most likely to be fun and successful. Consider several volunteer possibilities Don’t limit yourself to just one organization or one specific type of job. Try to visit different organizations if necessary. Where to find volunteer opportunities ● Libraries or senior centers ● Local animal shelters, rescue organizations, or wildlife centers. ● Youth organizations, sports teams, and after-school programs. How much time should you volunteer? Volunteering doesn’t have to take over your life to be beneficial. In fact, research shows that just two to three hours per week, or about 100 hours a year, can be the most beneficial — to both you and your chosen causes. The important thing is to volunteer only the amount of time that feels comfortable to you. Getting the most out of volunteering Ask questions. You can ask if the experience is right for your skills, your goals, and the time you have to spend. Don’t be afraid to make a change. Don’t force yourself into a bad fit or feel forced to stick with a volunteer role you dislike. Talk to the organization about changing your focus or look for a different organization that’s a better fit. Enjoy yourself. If you’ re not enjoying yourself, ask yourself why. Finding what’s bothering you can help you decide how to go forward. 1. What might be the most important for a person to be a volunteer? A. His safety. B. His family. C. His salaries. D. His interests and goals. 2. How much time is needed to volunteer according to the passage? A. 2 months a year. B. 10 hours a day. C. 2 or 3 weeks a month. D. The amount of time suitable to you. 3. What should you do when the voluntary work is not what you expect? A. Ask questions. B. Find the reason. C. Look for a new post. D. Enjoy every day as usual. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to apply for a job. B. What to expect from a voluntary position. C. How to find the right volunteer opportunity. D. How much time to spend on the volunteering cause. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何找到合适的志愿机会及相关注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Besides, the opportunities that match both your goals and interests are most likely to be fun and successful.(此外，那些既符合你的目标又契合你兴趣的志愿机会，极有可能既有趣又能取得成功)”可知，对于一个人来说，成为志愿者的最重要因素是他的兴趣和目标。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How much time should you volunteer?”标题下“The important thing is to volunteer only the amount of time that feels comfortable to you.(重要的是，只在你觉得舒适的时长范围内去做志愿服务)”可知，志愿服务的时间应该是你觉得舒服的时间量，即适合你的时间量。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Getting the most out of volunteering”标题下的“Don’t force yourself into a bad fit or feel forced to stick with a volunteer role you dislike. Talk to the organization about changing your focus or look for a different organization that’s a better fit.(不要强迫自己去做不适合的事情，也不要觉得非得勉强自己继续从事一个你不喜欢的志愿者工作。和所在的组织沟通，谈谈改变你的工作重点，或者寻找一个更适合你的不同组织)”可知，当志愿工作不是你所期望的时候，你应该寻找一个新的岗位。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“There are many volunteer opportunities to choose from. The key is to find a position that you would enjoy. It’s also important to make sure that your commitment matches the organization’s needs. Besides, the opportunities that match both your goals and interests are most likely to be fun and successful.(有很多志愿者机会可供选择。关键在于找到一个你会喜欢的岗位。确保你投入的精力能符合该组织的需求，这一点也很重要。此外，那些既符合你的目标又与你的兴趣相契合的机会，极有可能既充满乐趣又能取得成功)”可知，文章主要讲述了如何找到适合的志愿者机会，包括考虑多种可能性、寻找志愿者机会的地方、志愿服务的时间以及如何从志愿服务中获得最大收益等。故选C。 B The Chinese character “he” (和) was selected as the most Chinese of Chinese ideograms (表意文字), carrying the most meaning for Chinese culture. Like Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, you can infer a nation’s spirit from its language. The character “he” reveals that China aims at building a “harmonious (和谐) society.” A good example may be that the words “harmony” and “peace” featured heavily in the opening ceremonies at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The character “he” (和) has two parts: “禾” (he), which means standing grain (and gives the character its pronunciation “hé”) and the character “口” (kou), which means mouth. The character has deeper roots in the Chinese spirit. It has been a favorite of Chinese philosophers (哲学家) — including Confucius — for at least thousands of years. It also appears in “fairness”, “balance”, “warmth” and a host of other terms that reflect the long-held desires of many Chinese people. Here are common expressions and proverbs with the Chinese character “he” (和)： 和谈 (hétán) — peace talks 和好 (hébǎo) — become friends again 君子和而不同 (jūnzǐhé’érbùtóng) — Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity. 5. The writer reveals China’s spirit of “harmony” in Paragraph 2 by ______. A. giving descriptions B. providing an example C. comparing opinions D. explaining its meaning 6. What does the part “禾” in the character “和” (he) mean? A. Mouth. B. Standing grain. C. Harmony. D. Warmth. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Language has a close relationship with culture. B. The Chinese character usually has two parts C. Language changes with time and the world. D. The Chinese character has the longest history. 8. In what situation can we say “héhǎo”? A. We insist on our own points of view. B. We stop quarreling and be friends again. C. We live and work in a peaceful country. D. We always have the same opinion on the matter. 【答案】5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汉字“和”(hé)在中国文化中的重要性及其象征意义，展示了它如何体现中国追求和谐社会的精神。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的句子“A good example may be that the words ‘harmony’ and ‘peace’ featured heavily in the opening ceremonies at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.(一个很好的例子是，在2008年北京奥运会的开幕式上，“和谐”和“和平”这两个词被大量提及。)”可知，作者通过提供一个具体的例子来揭示中国“和谐”的精神。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“The character “he” (和) has two parts: “禾” (he), which means standing grain (and gives the character its pronunciation “hé”) and the character “口” (kou), which means mouth.(汉字“和”由两部分构成：左侧的“禾”（本义为成熟的谷物，同时标示“hé”的发音）与右侧的“口”（表示人的嘴巴）。)”可知，可知，“禾”意味着成熟的谷物。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段“The Chinese character “he” (和) was selected as the most Chinese of Chinese ideograms (表意文字), carrying the most meaning for Chinese culture.(汉字“和”被选为最具中国特色的表意文字（“和”字），承载着中国文化的最大意义。)”和第二段的句子“Like Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, you can infer a nation’s spirit from its language. The character “he” reveals that China aims at building a “harmonious (和谐) society.”(正如拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生曾经说过的那样，你可以从一个民族的语言中推断出这个民族的精神。“和”字揭示了中国的目标是建设一个“和谐社会”。)”可知，文章通过介绍汉字“和”及其在中国文化中的重要性，强调了语言与文化之间的紧密联系。（虽然汉字确实常由两部分组成，但这并不是文章的主要观点；文章也没有提到语言随时间和世界的变化，也没有提到汉字的历史长度。）故选A项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后提到“和好”(héhǎo)意为“become friends again(重修旧好)”。所以，“héhǎo”用于描述停止争吵并重新成为朋友的情况。故选B项。 C So, how do pets have such a great positive effect on both our physical and mental health? It’s likely that there are a number of factors at play. First. pets offer company. Research shows that being alone can have a hugely harmful effect on our physical and mental health, with studies linking it to heart disease, anxiety, depression and so on. It also appears that pets promote (促进) social connections. Studies have shown that walking out with a dog result in much more conversations with passing strangers than walking alone. But, it’s not just dogs that can increase our social connections. A 1975 study gave a group of elderly individuals either a plant or a bird to look after over a period of three years. They found that those caring for a bird had built up a significantly bigger community of friends and visitors than those with a plant. Pet ownership can also come with increased exercise, which may help to explain some of the heart and mental health benefits. And it may explain why dogs, who need to be taken out regularly for walks, appear to be more beneficial for heart health than other pets. Although the exact mechanism (机制) of health promotion is still-unknown, one thing is clear: pets are great for our health and well worth bringing into our homes if we’ re looking to make new friends, add a spring to our step and perhaps even days to our life. 9. What will happen when you walk out with a dog? A. The dog will attack other animals. B. The dog will get excited outside home. C. Strangers will walk past you at a safe distance D. There will be more chances of talking with strangers 10. Why does the writer mention “a 1975 study” in Paragraph 3? A. To support an idea. B. To tell a story. C. To present a fact. D. To make a guess. 11. What will the writer probably recommend? A. Study the mechanism of health promotion. B. Grow some plants at home. C. Keep a pet at home. D. Do more exercise 12. How many positive effects of pets does the passage show? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了宠物对人类身心健康的多方面积极影响。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Studies have shown that walking out with a dog result in much more conversations with passing strangers than walking alone.(研究表明，与独自散步相比，带着狗外出散步会带来更多与路过陌生人的交谈机会)”可知，当你带着狗出去散步时，会有更多与陌生人交谈的机会。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But, it’s not just dogs that can increase our social connections. A 1975 study gave a group of elderly individuals either a plant or a bird to look after over a period of three years. They found that those caring for a bird had built up a significantly bigger community of friends and visitors than those with a plant.(但是，并非只有狗能够增进我们的社交关系。一项 1975 年的研究让一群老年人在三年的时间里要么照料一株植物，要么照料一只鸟。研究人员发现，那些照料鸟的人比照料植物的人建立起了规模大得多的朋友圈子，也有更多人来探访他们)”可知，作者提到1975年的研究是为了支持“宠物能促进社交联系”这一观点，说明不仅仅是狗能增加我们的社交联系，照顾鸟的老人也建立了更大的朋友和访客社区。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Although the exact mechanism (机制) of health promotion is still-unknown, one thing is clear: pets are great for our health and well worth bringing into our homes if we’ re looking to make new friends, add a spring to our step and perhaps even days to our life.(尽管促进健康的确切机制仍然未知，但有一点是明确的：宠物对我们的健康大有裨益。如果我们想要结交新朋友、让自己步伐轻快起来，甚至有可能延长寿命，那么宠物是非常值得养在家里的)”可知，作者认为宠物对我们的健康有好处，如果我们想结交新朋友，给我们的生活增添活力，甚至延长我们的寿命，那么把宠物带回家是值得的。因此，作者可能会推荐在家里养宠物。故选C。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“First. pets offer company.(宠物提供陪伴)”；第二段的“It also appears that pets promote (促进) social connections.(宠物促进社交联系)”以及最后一段的“Pet ownership can also come with increased exercise, which may help to explain some of the heart and mental health benefits.(养宠物会增加锻炼，这可能有助于解释对心脏和心理健康的一些好处)”可知，文章中提到宠物的积极影响一共有三个方面。所以选 B。 D Bike, bus, train, car, or plane? How do our travel choices impact the climate? The answer will be given in the book The Carbon Footprint of Everything by Mike Berners-Lee. Biking vs. Driving Riding a bike is always a better choice than driving. It’s healthier and you’ re not burning any petrol. But you’re still burning fuel — your food. Food choices matter. Raising cows for beef and dairy produces a lot of emissions (排放). Berners-Lee writes, “If your cycling calories come from hamburgers, the emissions are about the same as driving.” Bus vs. Train Buses and trains carry many people. So the carbon impact of the ride gets divided among all the passengers. The fuel powering a bus or train also needs to push all the weight that isn’t people. Trains are extremely large and heavy. All that extra weight makes the climate impact of a train ride more than that of a bus ride. Car vs. Plane Only about two percent of global emissions come from air travel. But that’s mainly because it’s much less common than other forms of travel. Planes carry more people than cars, so a plane trip is usually worse for the climate. Getting a heavy plane up into the sky and keeping it there burns lots of fuel. And today we can’t change to electric passenger planes because batteries aren’t yet powerful enough. Also, burning fuel high in the sky has a greater impact on climate change than burning the same amount of fuel close to the ground. “It’s hard to avoid flying less,” writes Berners-Lee. 13. What advantage does riding a bike have over driving? A. Burning less petrol. B. Benefiting health C. Pushing more weight D. Producing more emissions 14. Why is a bus ride better according to Paragraph 3? A. It is much heavier. B. It is much larger. C. Its emissions are fewer. D. It carries more people. 15. Why does air travel produce fewer global emissions? A. Traveling by plane is less common B. Planes carry more passengers. C. Planes use less fuel in the sky. D. Planes use powerful batteries. 16. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Causes of flying less B. Benefits of riding a bike C. Impacts of travel choice D. Advantages of electric planes 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了不同出行方式对气候产生的不同影响。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Riding a bike is always a better choice than driving. It’s healthier and you’ re not burning any petrol.(骑自行车总是比开车更好的选择。它更健康，而且你不消耗任何汽油)”可知，骑自行车相较于开车的优势是对健康有益。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Buses and trains carry many people. So the carbon impact of the ride gets divided among all the passengers. The fuel powering a bus or train also needs to push all the weight that isn’t people. Trains are extremely large and heavy. All that extra weight makes the climate impact of a train ride more than that of a bus ride.(公共汽车和火车载很多人。所以乘坐的碳影响会分摊到所有乘客身上。为公共汽车或火车提供动力的燃料也需要推动所有不是人的重量。火车非常大且重。所有这些额外的重量使得乘坐火车对气候的影响比乘坐公共汽车更大)”可知，虽然公共汽车和火车都载很多人，但是火车因为自身更重，所以排放的碳影响更大。由此推知，坐公共汽车更好是因为它的排放更少。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Only about two percent of global emissions come from air travel. But that’s mainly because it’s much less common than other forms of travel.(全球排放中只有大约2%来自航空旅行。但这主要是因为它比其他旅行形式要少见得多)”可知，航空旅行产生的全球排放较少是因为乘飞机旅行不太常见。故选A。 【16题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bike, bus, train, car, or plane? How do our travel choices impact the climate? The answer will be given in the book The Carbon Footprint of Everything by Mike Berners-Lee.(自行车、公共汽车、火车、汽车还是飞机？我们的出行选择对气候有怎样的影响？答案将在迈克・伯纳斯 - 李所著的《万物的碳足迹》一书中给出)”可知，文章讲述了不同出行方式对气候产生的不同影响。由此可知，“Impacts of travel choice(旅行选择的影响)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 E Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone. ______ There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a pew skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry. Feeling anxious because you’ re finding something difficult, or because it’s taking a long time to make progress, can alto make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs that you need help. When you’ re struggling with something. asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. What stops you asking for help Asking for help isn’t always easy. It can be difficult if you’ re not sure who to ask. You might think your friends won’t want to be troubled or they haven’t got the time. If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person. Asking for support is brave Letting someone in trusting them with your story and asking them to listen to you and help you come up with ideas of how to deal with a problem takes great courage. When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it. 17. Which may best fill in the blank above Paragraph 2? A. Be sure of your ability B. Seeking help is a struggle C. When you might need help D. How you can make progress 18. Which may stop you asking for help? A. Being too busy. B. Having no friends. C. Being too confident. D. Feeling sorry. 19. How many benefits of asking for help are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five 20. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Trust your best friends. B. Learn to reduce pressure. C. It is necessary to be independent. D. It is good to ask for help. 【答案】17. C 18. D 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了遇到困难时寻求帮助是有益的及其原因。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a new skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry.(你可能需要帮助的原因有很多，比如在功课方面；学习一项新技能的时候；又或者当你感到悲伤、焦虑或愤怒的时候)”可知，后文列举了一些可能需要帮助的情况，所以空白处应是引出 “什么时候可能需要帮助” 的内容，概括本段。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据 What stops you asking for help部分中“If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person.(如果你因为自己需要帮助而感到愧疚，或者你认为寻求他人的帮助是软弱的表现，那么这会让你更难以向他人求助)”可知，如果你因为需要帮助而感到愧疚，会让你更难向他人求助。因此，D选项“Feeling sorry(感到抱歉)”是阻止你寻求帮助的原因。故选D。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it.(当你寻求帮助时，这能减轻你试图独自解决所有问题的压力。这还有其他好处。通过寻求帮助，你可以锻炼说出自己的需求。这也能让你体会到别人在努力挣扎时的感受，这意味着当有人需要帮助时，你更有能力伸出援手)”可知，寻求帮助的好处有：减轻独自解决所有问题的压力；练习说出自己的需求；能理解他人在困境中的感受，从而在他人需要时更能伸出援手。因此，最后一段提到了三个寻求帮助的好处。故选B。 【20题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段的“Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone.(成长的一部分就是学会如何自己解决问题。然而，当你感到悲伤或迷茫时，你不必独自苦苦挣扎)”可知，文章主要讲述了寻求帮助的重要性和好处，包括减轻压力、练习表达需求、了解他人感受以及更有可能在别人需要时提供帮助。因此，D选项“It is good to ask for help.(寻求帮助是有益的)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。 第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Fifteen-year-old Chen Ye has become the youngest Chinese champion in the 2023 Asian Games after winning the skateboarding (滑板) park men’s finals. It’s also the first gold medal for the Chinese team in the world championships for ___21___ “I’m deeply thankful to my father for ___22___ two bowl training grounds for me.” Chen said in an interview. “When I started skateboarding. I felt it was a very ___23___ sport. I felt very happy after completing each move,” Chen said. ___24___ it with the piano and other hobbies that his father, Chen Wanqin, tried to ___25___ to him but which he found ___26___. Once Chen Ye showed his true ___27___, his father respected his choice and ___28___ him. In 2019, Chen Ye ___29___ the Guangdong provincial skateboarding team. To help his son’s training, Chen Wanqin rented a ___30___ warehouse (仓库) to build a bowl training ground. After finishing second in the men’s skateboarding park event at the 2021 National Games of China, Chen Wanqin built a new 900-square-meter skateboarding park in order to improve his son’s ___31___. He even quit his job and ___32___ all his savings in support of his son’s interest. But his efforts ___33___. After winning this gold medal, Chen Ye now had the confidence to aim higher. He hoped to perform better in ___34___ events and, if possible, ___35___ more Olympic ranking events. 21. A. boating B. skiing C. running D. skateboarding 22. A. building B. changing C. decorating D. repairing 23. A. tiring B. exciting C. frightening D. ordinary 24. A. balancing B. comparing C. exchanging D. replacing 25. A. tell B. instruct C. introduce D. order 26. A. interesting B. useful C. adventurous D. boring 27. A. identity B. life C. interest D. nature 28. A. refused B. questioned C. ignored D. supported 29. A. quit B. joined C. established D. trained 30. A. large B. tiny C. busy D. crowded 31. A. performance B. appearance C. health D. taste 32. A. lost B. wasted C. spent D. hid 33. A. calmed down B. broke down C. paid off D. took off 34. A. national B. global C. informal D. unusual 35. A. take part in B. run away from C. make up for D. pay attention to 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的陈烨获滑板冠军及父亲对他的支持。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是中国队在滑板世界锦标赛中的第一枚金牌。A. boating划船；B. skiing滑雪；C. running跑步；D. skateboarding滑板。根据前文“Fifteen-year-old Chen Ye has become the youngest Chinese champion in the 2023 Asian Games after winning the skateboarding (滑板) park men’s finals.”可知，此处指的是滑板世界锦标赛。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：陈烨在一次采访中说：“我非常感谢我的父亲为我建造了两个碗状训练场。”A. building建造；B. changing改变；C. decorating装饰；D. repairing修理。根据后文“To help his son’s training, Chen Wanqin rented a ___10___ warehouse (仓库) to build a bowl training ground.”可知，父亲为陈烨建造了训练场。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当我开始玩滑板时，我觉得这是一项非常刺激的运动”陈说，他将滑板与父亲陈玩钦试图介绍给他但他觉得无聊的其他爱好（如钢琴）进行了比较。A. tiring累人的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. ordinary普通的。根据后文“I felt very happy after completing each move”可知，陈烨觉得滑板是一项令人兴奋的运动。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. balancing平衡；B. comparing比较；C. exchanging交换；D. replacing代替。根据后文“it with the piano and other hobbies”可知，此处指的是陈烨将滑板与其他爱好进行比较。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同3小题。A. tell告诉；B. instruct指导；C. introduce介绍；D. order命令。根据前文“with the piano and other hobbies that his father”可知，父亲是想把钢琴等爱好介绍给陈烨。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同3小题。A. interesting有趣的；B. useful有用的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. boring无聊的。上文提到陈烨喜欢滑板，所以对比之下觉得其他爱好无聊，此处表示转折，指的是陈烨觉得这些爱好很无聊。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一旦陈烨展现出了他真正的兴趣，他的父亲就尊重他的选择并支持他。A. identity身份；B. life生活；C. interest兴趣；D. nature自然。根据前文“When I started skateboarding. I felt it was a very ___3___ sport. I felt very happy after completing each move”可知，陈烨对滑板拥有的真正兴趣。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦陈烨展现出了他真正的兴趣，他的父亲就尊重他的选择并支持他。A. refused拒绝；B. questioned质疑；C. ignored忽视；D. supported支持。根据前文“his father respected his choice”以及后文“To help his son’s training, Chen Wanqin rented a ___10___ warehouse (仓库) to build a bowl training ground.”可知，父亲支持陈烨的选择，为他建造了训练场。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，陈烨加入了广东省滑板队。A. quit退出；B. joined加入；C. established建立；D. trained训练。根据后文“the Guangdong provincial skateboarding team”可知，陈烨在2019年加入了滑板队。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助儿子的训练，陈玩钦租了一个大仓库来建造一个碗状训练场。A. large大的；B. tiny微小的；C. busy忙碌的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据后文“to build a bowl training ground”可知，滑板需要较大的空间来建训，所以陈烨的父亲租了一个大仓库来建造训练场。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在2021年全国运动会男子滑板公园项目中获得第二名后，陈玩钦为了提高儿子的表现，又建造了一个900平方米的滑板公园。A. performance表现；B. appearance外貌；C. health健康；D. taste味道。根据前文“After finishing second in the men’s skateboarding park event at the 2021 National Games of China”可知，父亲建滑板公园是为了儿子能有更好的表现。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至辞去了工作，花光了所有的积蓄来支持儿子的兴趣。A. lost失去；B. wasted浪费；C. spent花费；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“all his savings in support of his son’s interest”可知，陈玩钦花光积蓄支持儿子。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他的努力得到了回报。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. broke down出故障；C. paid off得到回报；D. took off起飞。根据后文“After winning this gold medal”可知，陈玩钦的努力得到了回报，陈烨赢得了冠军。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他希望在全球赛事中表现得更好，如果可能的话，参加更多的奥运会排名赛。A. national国家的；B. global全球的；C. informal非正式的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据前文“After winning this gold medal, Chen Ye now had the confidence to aim higher.”可知，陈烨的目标更大了，所以他希望在全球赛事中表现得更好。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他希望在全球赛事中表现得更好，如果可能的话，参加更多的奥运会排名赛。A. take part in参加；B. run away from逃离；C. make up for弥补；D. pay attention to注意。根据后文“more Olympic ranking events”可知，陈烨的目标更大了，所以他参加更多的奥运会排名赛。故选A。 第二部分 非选择（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bike riding was once the main form of transportation in China in the 1980s and early 1990s. It ___36___ (make) a major comeback in recent years as a hot trend (趋势) for relaxation among the young people in cities. Nowadays young people have different types of bikes ___37___ (choose) from and a wide variety of bike accessories (配件) to build their ___38___ (person) styles. To them, bike riding is no longer a need forced upon them, ___39___ a quite modern lifestyle that combines fitness, social ___40___ (communicate) and city tour. The new cycling trend has changed the country’s landscapes. Many of its major roads, ___41___ (include) Chang’ an Avenue in Beijing and Binjiang Avenue in Shanghai, ___42___ (crowd) with groups of bikers now. Bicycle circles have been turned into city clubs, ___43___ cool city bikers gather to buy bicycle accessories, drink coffee and exchange the latest trend in the cycling world. For those young bikers, the sport comes with a speed that is neither too fast ___44___ too slow. At a medium speed, they can explore their surroundings and enjoy ___45___ sense of control and freedom. 【答案】36. has made 37. to choose 38. personal 39. but 40. communication 41. including 42. are crowed 43. where 44. nor 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自行车骑行在中国年轻人中复兴的现象。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：近年来，自行车骑行作为城市年轻人放松的热门趋势，已经强势回归。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语It为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has made。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，年轻人有不同类型的自行车可供选择，还有各种各样的自行车配件来打造他们的个人风格。此处是“have sth. to do”结构，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to choose。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，年轻人有不同类型的自行车可供选择，还有各种各样的自行车配件来打造他们的个人风格。此处应用形容词personal作定语，修饰名词styles，表示“个人风格”。故填personal。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：对他们来说，骑自行车不再是被迫的需求，而是一种结合了健身、社交和城市旅游的现代生活方式。“no longer...but...”是固定搭配，意为 “不再是……而是……”。故填but。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：对他们来说，骑自行车不再是被迫的需求，而是一种结合了健身、社交和城市旅游的现代生活方式。作动词combines的宾语，应用名词communication“交流”，此处表示抽象意义，不可数。故填communication。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：它的许多主要道路，包括北京的长安街和上海的滨江大道，现在挤满了骑自行车的人。此处应用介词including，表示“包括”，引出例子。故填including。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：它的许多主要道路，包括北京的长安街和上海的滨江大道，现在挤满了骑自行车的人。空处为句子的谓语动词。此处描述的是现在的状态，应用一般现在时，主语Many of its major roads与crowd之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are crowded。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：自行车圈已经变成了城市俱乐部，酷酷的城市自行车手们聚集在这里购买自行车配件、喝咖啡，并交流自行车界的最新趋势。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词city clubs，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：对于那些年轻的自行车手来说，这项运动的速度既不太快也不太慢。此处表示“既不……也不……”，应用连词nor，与neither构成固定搭配neither...nor...。故填nor。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：以中等速度，他们可以探索周围环境，享受控制和自由的感觉。a sense of“……的感觉”。故填a。 第二节 写作（共1题，满分20分） 46. 假如你是苏华，你的留学生朋友Smith计划寒假期回国。他想为他妈买几件有中国特色的礼物，特向你咨询。请给他回信，内容要点如下： 1.推荐礼物； 2.说明理由； 3.表达祝福。 注意： 1.包含所有要点，适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2.词数100左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数； 3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 参考词汇： 旗袍：qipao 中国结：the Chinese knot TO: Smithengland@123.com FROM: huasuchina@123.com Dear Smith, I’m glad to hear that you are going back home during winter holidays and you want to choose some gifts four your mother _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Regards, Su Hua 【答案】Dear Smith, I’m glad to hear that you are going back home during winter holidays and you want to choose some gifts for your mother. I’d like to recommend two wonderful options. Qipao, a traditional Chinese dress, would be perfect. It not only shows the beauty of Chinese clothing but also fits most body types, which will surely make your mother look elegant. Another great choice is the Chinese knot. Made of red silk, it symbolizes good luck and happiness in Chinese culture, and it can be hung in the living room or bedroom, where it will add a touch of Chinese charm. I hope your mother will love these gifts and have a happy holiday! Regards, Su Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生朋友Smith推荐几个合适的有中国特色的礼物，送给他的妈妈。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：option→selection 适合：fit→suit 象征：symbolize→stand for 高兴：happiness→joy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Qipao, a traditional Chinese dress, would be perfect. 拓展句：Qipao, which is a traditional Chinese dress, would be perfect. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It not only shows the beauty of Chinese clothing but also fits most body types, which will surely make your mother look elegant.（运用了which引导额非限定性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Made of red silk, it symbolizes good luck and happiness in Chinese culture, and it can be hung in the living room or bedroom, where it will add a touch of Chinese charm.（运用了where引导的非限定性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 机密★启用前 江苏省2024年普通高中学业水平合格性考试试卷 英语 注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1. 本试卷包含选择题（第1题～第35题，共35题70分）和非选择题（第36题～第46题，共11题30分）。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。本次考试时间为75分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并放在桌面，等待监考员收回。 2. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在本试卷及答题卡上。 3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡右上角所粘贴条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。 4. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。 第一部分 选择题（共两节，满分70分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many volunteer opportunities to choose from. The key is to find a position that you would enjoy. It’s also important to make sure that your commitment matches the organization’s needs. Besides, the opportunities that match both your goals and interests are most likely to be fun and successful. Consider several volunteer possibilities Don’t limit yourself to just one organization or one specific type of job. Try to visit different organizations if necessary. Where to find volunteer opportunities ● Libraries or senior centers ● Local animal shelters, rescue organizations, or wildlife centers. ● Youth organizations, sports teams, and after-school programs. How much time should you volunteer? Volunteering doesn’t have to take over your life to be beneficial. In fact, research shows that just two to three hours per week, or about 100 hours a year, can be the most beneficial — to both you and your chosen causes. The important thing is to volunteer only the amount of time that feels comfortable to you. Getting the most out of volunteering Ask questions. You can ask if the experience is right for your skills, your goals, and the time you have to spend. Don’t be afraid to make a change. Don’t force yourself into a bad fit or feel forced to stick with a volunteer role you dislike. Talk to the organization about changing your focus or look for a different organization that’s a better fit. Enjoy yourself. If you’ re not enjoying yourself, ask yourself why. Finding what’s bothering you can help you decide how to go forward. 1. What might be the most important for a person to be a volunteer? A. His safety. B. His family. C. His salaries. D. His interests and goals. 2. How much time is needed to volunteer according to the passage? A. 2 months a year. B. 10 hours a day. C. 2 or 3 weeks a month. D. The amount of time suitable to you. 3. What should you do when the voluntary work is not what you expect? A. Ask questions. B. Find the reason. C. Look for a new post. D. Enjoy every day as usual. 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to apply for a job. B. What to expect from a voluntary position. C. How to find the right volunteer opportunity. D. How much time to spend on the volunteering cause. B The Chinese character “he” (和) was selected as the most Chinese of Chinese ideograms (表意文字), carrying the most meaning for Chinese culture. Like Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, you can infer a nation’s spirit from its language. The character “he” reveals that China aims at building a “harmonious (和谐) society.” A good example may be that the words “harmony” and “peace” featured heavily in the opening ceremonies at the 2008 Beijing Olympics. The character “he” (和) has two parts: “禾” (he), which means standing grain (and gives the character its pronunciation “hé”) and the character “口” (kou), which means mouth. The character has deeper roots in the Chinese spirit. It has been a favorite of Chinese philosophers (哲学家) — including Confucius — for at least thousands of years. It also appears in “fairness”, “balance”, “warmth” and a host of other terms that reflect the long-held desires of many Chinese people. Here are common expressions and proverbs with the Chinese character “he” (和)： 和谈 (hétán) — peace talks 和好 (hébǎo) — become friends again 君子和而不同 (jūnzǐhé’érbùtóng) — Gentlemen seek harmony but not uniformity. 5. The writer reveals China’s spirit of “harmony” in Paragraph 2 by ______. A. giving descriptions B. providing an example C. comparing opinions D. explaining its meaning 6. What does the part “禾” in the character “和” (he) mean? A. Mouth. B. Standing grain. C. Harmony. D. Warmth. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Language has a close relationship with culture. B. The Chinese character usually has two parts C. Language changes with time and the world. D. The Chinese character has the longest history. 8. In what situation can we say “héhǎo”? A. We insist on our own points of view. B. We stop quarreling and be friends again. C. We live and work in a peaceful country. D. We always have the same opinion on the matter. C So, how do pets have such a great positive effect on both our physical and mental health? It’s likely that there are a number of factors at play. First. pets offer company. Research shows that being alone can have a hugely harmful effect on our physical and mental health, with studies linking it to heart disease, anxiety, depression and so on. It also appears that pets promote (促进) social connections. Studies have shown that walking out with a dog result in much more conversations with passing strangers than walking alone. But, it’s not just dogs that can increase our social connections. A 1975 study gave a group of elderly individuals either a plant or a bird to look after over a period of three years. They found that those caring for a bird had built up a significantly bigger community of friends and visitors than those with a plant. Pet ownership can also come with increased exercise, which may help to explain some of the heart and mental health benefits. And it may explain why dogs, who need to be taken out regularly for walks, appear to be more beneficial for heart health than other pets. Although the exact mechanism (机制) of health promotion is still-unknown, one thing is clear: pets are great for our health and well worth bringing into our homes if we’ re looking to make new friends, add a spring to our step and perhaps even days to our life. 9. What will happen when you walk out with a dog? A. The dog will attack other animals. B. The dog will get excited outside home. C. Strangers will walk past you at a safe distance D. There will be more chances of talking with strangers 10. Why does the writer mention “a 1975 study” in Paragraph 3? A. To support an idea. B. To tell a story. C. To present a fact. D. To make a guess. 11. What will the writer probably recommend? A. Study the mechanism of health promotion. B. Grow some plants at home. C. Keep a pet at home. D. Do more exercise 12. How many positive effects of pets does the passage show? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. D Bike, bus, train, car, or plane? How do our travel choices impact the climate? The answer will be given in the book The Carbon Footprint of Everything by Mike Berners-Lee. Biking vs. Driving Riding a bike is always a better choice than driving. It’s healthier and you’ re not burning any petrol. But you’re still burning fuel — your food. Food choices matter. Raising cows for beef and dairy produces a lot of emissions (排放). Berners-Lee writes, “If your cycling calories come from hamburgers, the emissions are about the same as driving.” Bus vs. Train Buses and trains carry many people. So the carbon impact of the ride gets divided among all the passengers. The fuel powering a bus or train also needs to push all the weight that isn’t people. Trains are extremely large and heavy. All that extra weight makes the climate impact of a train ride more than that of a bus ride. Car vs. Plane Only about two percent of global emissions come from air travel. But that’s mainly because it’s much less common than other forms of travel. Planes carry more people than cars, so a plane trip is usually worse for the climate. Getting a heavy plane up into the sky and keeping it there burns lots of fuel. And today we can’t change to electric passenger planes because batteries aren’t yet powerful enough. Also, burning fuel high in the sky has a greater impact on climate change than burning the same amount of fuel close to the ground. “It’s hard to avoid flying less,” writes Berners-Lee. 13. What advantage does riding a bike have over driving? A. Burning less petrol. B. Benefiting health C. Pushing more weight D. Producing more emissions 14. Why is a bus ride better according to Paragraph 3? A. It is much heavier. B. It is much larger. C. Its emissions are fewer. D. It carries more people. 15. Why does air travel produce fewer global emissions? A. Traveling by plane is less common B. Planes carry more passengers. C. Planes use less fuel in the sky. D. Planes use powerful batteries. 16. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Causes of flying less B. Benefits of riding a bike C. Impacts of travel choice D. Advantages of electric planes E Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However. when you’ re feeling sad or lost you don’t have to struggle alone. ______ There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork; learning a pew skill; or when you feel sad, anxious or angry. Feeling anxious because you’ re finding something difficult, or because it’s taking a long time to make progress, can alto make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs that you need help. When you’ re struggling with something. asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. What stops you asking for help Asking for help isn’t always easy. It can be difficult if you’ re not sure who to ask. You might think your friends won’t want to be troubled or they haven’t got the time. If you feel sorry that you need help, or if you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness, it makes it harder to turn to another person. Asking for support is brave Letting someone in trusting them with your story and asking them to listen to you and help you come up with ideas of how to deal with a problem takes great courage. When you ask for help, it takes the pressure off trying to work out everything by yourself. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practise saying what you need. It also shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a helping hand when someone needs it. 17. Which may best fill in the blank above Paragraph 2? A. Be sure of your ability B. Seeking help is a struggle C. When you might need help D. How you can make progress 18. Which may stop you asking for help? A. Being too busy. B. Having no friends. C. Being too confident. D. Feeling sorry. 19. How many benefits of asking for help are mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five 20. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Trust your best friends. B. Learn to reduce pressure. C. It is necessary to be independent. D. It is good to ask for help. 第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Fifteen-year-old Chen Ye has become the youngest Chinese champion in the 2023 Asian Games after winning the skateboarding (滑板) park men’s finals. It’s also the first gold medal for the Chinese team in the world championships for ___21___ “I’m deeply thankful to my father for ___22___ two bowl training grounds for me.” Chen said in an interview. “When I started skateboarding. I felt it was a very ___23___ sport. I felt very happy after completing each move,” Chen said. ___24___ it with the piano and other hobbies that his father, Chen Wanqin, tried to ___25___ to him but which he found ___26___. Once Chen Ye showed his true ___27___, his father respected his choice and ___28___ him. In 2019, Chen Ye ___29___ the Guangdong provincial skateboarding team. To help his son’s training, Chen Wanqin rented a ___30___ warehouse (仓库) to build a bowl training ground. After finishing second in the men’s skateboarding park event at the 2021 National Games of China, Chen Wanqin built a new 900-square-meter skateboarding park in order to improve his son’s ___31___. He even quit his job and ___32___ all his savings in support of his son’s interest. But his efforts ___33___. After winning this gold medal, Chen Ye now had the confidence to aim higher. He hoped to perform better in ___34___ events and, if possible, ___35___ more Olympic ranking events. 21. A. boating B. skiing C. running D. skateboarding 22. A. building B. changing C. decorating D. repairing 23. A. tiring B. exciting C. frightening D. ordinary 24. A. balancing B. comparing C. exchanging D. replacing 25. A. tell B. instruct C. introduce D. order 26. A. interesting B. useful C. adventurous D. boring 27. A. identity B. life C. interest D. nature 28. A. refused B. questioned C. ignored D. supported 29. A. quit B. joined C. established D. trained 30. A. large B. tiny C. busy D. crowded 31. A. performance B. appearance C. health D. taste 32. A. lost B. wasted C. spent D. hid 33. A. calmed down B. broke down C. paid off D. took off 34. A. national B. global C. informal D. unusual 35. A. take part in B. run away from C. make up for D. pay attention to 第二部分 非选择（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bike riding was once the main form of transportation in China in the 1980s and early 1990s. It ___36___ (make) a major comeback in recent years as a hot trend (趋势) for relaxation among the young people in cities. Nowadays young people have different types of bikes ___37___ (choose) from and a wide variety of bike accessories (配件) to build their ___38___ (person) styles. To them, bike riding is no longer a need forced upon them, ___39___ a quite modern lifestyle that combines fitness, social ___40___ (communicate) and city tour. The new cycling trend has changed the country’s landscapes. Many of its major roads, ___41___ (include) Chang’ an Avenue in Beijing and Binjiang Avenue in Shanghai, ___42___ (crowd) with groups of bikers now. Bicycle circles have been turned into city clubs, ___43___ cool city bikers gather to buy bicycle accessories, drink coffee and exchange the latest trend in the cycling world. For those young bikers, the sport comes with a speed that is neither too fast ___44___ too slow. At a medium speed, they can explore their surroundings and enjoy ___45___ sense of control and freedom. 第二节 写作（共1题，满分20分） 46. 假如你是苏华，你的留学生朋友Smith计划寒假期回国。他想为他妈买几件有中国特色的礼物，特向你咨询。请给他回信，内容要点如下： 1.推荐礼物； 2.说明理由； 3.表达祝福。 注意： 1.包含所有要点，适当发挥，不要简单翻译； 2.词数100左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数； 3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 参考词汇： 旗袍：qipao 中国结：the Chinese knot TO: Smithengland@123.com FROM: huasuchina@123.com Dear Smith, I’m glad to hear that you are going back home during winter holidays and you want to choose some gifts four your mother _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Regards, Su Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $