精品解析：上海市浦东新区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

浦东新区2024学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测 高二英语试卷 (共90分钟，满分100分) Ⅰ．Listening Comprehension 18% Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear six short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．In a zoo B．In a restaurant. C．In a supermarket. D．In a botanical garden. 2．A．Chef and diner. B．Husband and wife. C．Driver and passenger. D．Store owner and customer. 3．A．$100. B．$90. C．$80. D．$50. 4．A．She feels sorry that the man can’t show up. B．The party will not begin until the man arrives. C．The man might as well not go to the party tonight D．The man can finish his assignment before the party. 5．A．Sleep pattern. B．A new policy. C．Home decoration. D．A newly. operated train. 6．A．William is a bachelor now. B．William will have a girlfriend soon. C．William enjoys watching TV very much. D．William’s cousin is expecting a grandchild. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage, and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the longer conversation. The passage and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 7 through 10 are based on the following passage. 7．A．Western painting. B．Clothes marketing. C．Dance performance. D．Silk coloring techniques. 8．A．Silk material. B．Modernized qipao. C．Western-style dresses. D．Traditional long dresses. 9．A．Bamboo Pattern series. B．Nine-Colored Dee r series. C．Greyish-green Jacket series. D．Streamline Tailoring series. 10．A．Lin Wanru passed away at the age of 70. B．Lin Wannu’s qipao design is entirely Chinese style. C．Lin Wannu designed posters to support her studies. D．Yun Shang Ge’s first international exhibition was in New York. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11．A．To analyze the themes of The Canterbury Tales. B．To compare Shakespeare’s and Chaucer’s writing styles. C．To discuss the Middle Ages costumes in English literature. D．To highlight Chaucer’s role in establishing English as a literary language. 12．A．Folks preferred Latin for storytelling. B．French was the dominant language among the nobles. C．Shakespeare had already popularized English literature. D．English lacked vocabulary for artistic expression at the time. 13．A．It was written by Chaucer B．It inspired Shakespeare’s plays. C．It focused on royal court themes. D．It was originally written in French. 14．A．Wearing costumes to enhance engagement. B．Memorizing the written text to avoid mistakes. C．Reading directly from notes to ensure accuracy. D．Avoiding eye contact to focus on content delivery. Ⅱ．Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Rescuing Relics(文物) Museums play an important role in preserving and showcasing cultural heritage. But have you ever wondered ___1___ museums get the works and relics that they exhibit? If the museum is sponsored by the government, the relics are probably collected under special laws ___2___(protect) historical treasures related to that country. However, not all museums are sponsored by the government. More and more museums set up by private collectors ___3___(spring) up in China since the 1990s. Typically, ___4___ these private museums are small, they give visitors the chance to see works and relics not found anywhere else. Songtang Li is one such collector who has put part of his private collection on display for the public. Some of the best examples of Chinese folk art he has collected over his lifetime ___5___(display) in the museum he opened in an old 18th century house in Beijing. Whenever an old building was being torn down, Li would visit the site to see if there was anything from the building worth ___6___(rescue). In this way, Li managed to gather thousands of folk art pieces, some of ___7___ are over 1.000 years old. Li began collecting folk art sculptures when he was young. The first pieces in his collection were two gate piers(门墩柱) ___8___(carve) with historical designs. Li thought of ___9___as his two friends. When Li was seven, the city told Li’s family to get rid of the piers so that the street could be rebuilt. ____10____ throwing them away, Li’s father allowed his son to keep them. Today, visitors to the Songtangzhai Folk Sculpture Museum can view some of the best relics Li rescued over the years. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. associated B. capacity C. closeness D. coined E. contradictory F. enhance G. landscape H. limit I. relevance J. sacred K. tight-knit Social Overload: Do You Have Too Many Friends? In terms of human connection, Dunbar’s number has long been a guiding principle. Traditionally set at around 150 connections, this concept, ____11____ by Robin Dunbar, finds its roots in the evolutionary development of the human brain. Yet, as we navigate the vast ____12____ of the digital age, our social connections extend far beyond geographical boundaries. Then questions arise: Does Dunbar’s number still maintain its ____13____, or does the digital era rewrite the rules of social connectivity? Dunbar’s number, a product of cognitive evolution, reflects the limited ____14____ of our brains to manage social ties. Its presence in various societies, from ____15____ tribes to expansive social structures, highlights its university. It seems that the brain imposes a natural ____16____ on the depth and breadth of our social circles. However, as we step into the digital world, the dynamics of social connection undergo a great transformation. A study published in Cybergychology. Behavior. and Social Networking explored the effect of social media usage on the size of social circles and the ____17____ of relationships. The researchers found that more time spent on social media made for a larger number of online “friends,” but not a larger amount of offline friends. Further, these findings were not ____18____ with feelings of closeness towards online or offline friends. On the one hand, these platforms ____19____ our ability to connect with a large and diverse types of individuals. On the other hand, it is unclear whether the quantity of connections weakens the quality of our relationships. Do these loose connections provide a sense of social support? Or do they contribute to the ____20____ feelings of social overload and isolation that have become increasingly common in the digital age? Social media platforms, with their global reach, redefine the boundaries of social circles. The ability to connect with individuals across continents challenges the very essence of Dunbar’s number. Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension 31% Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The Hidden Costs of Overconsumption It’s that time of year again: when people line up at stores to get the best deals on everything imaginable, and retailers (零售商) pull out all the stops to get us to buy more and more. Often, this shopping is ___21___: gifts for loved ones, festive decorations, and discounted essentials. However, this continuous urge to shop during the holiday season is costing us more than just our ___22___. Overconsumption refers to excessively purchasing and using goods or resources beyond what is ___23___ to live comfortably. It’s a problem common to developed nations. For instance, between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day, Americans produce 25% more waste than usual, sending a(n) ___24___ one million tons per week to landfills. If everyone were to ___25___ as much as Americans do, we would need the resources from over 5 Earths to sustain that rate of consumption. And according to the statistical chart below, there is a(n) ___26___ relationship between income level and carbon emissions. It takes a lot of resources and money to ___27___ the global rate of consumption. Nearly half of all US greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the energy used to ___28___, process, transport, and dispose of our goods and food. On a global scale, we are ___29___ the planet’s resources 1.7 times faster than it can regenerate. If everyone began emitting as much carbon dioxide as the world’s wealthiest 1%, the remaining carbon _____30_____ would be gone in fewer than five months. So, what are the _____31_____ costs of overconsumption? Pollution, resource reduction, greenhouse gas emissions, rising prices, and so much more. _____32_____, with all this being said, nobody expects everyone to just stop shopping entirely during the holiday season. My _____33_____ is that you think about your individual impact before you shop, now more than ever. By making adjustments to our individual shopping behavior, we can _____34_____ reduce our environmental impact. Locally-owned shops tend to have lower carbon footprints than larger corporations. They also allow you to support the local economy while strengthening community resilience. If you have the _____35_____, make a meaningful impact this holiday season by choosing to shop small and support local organizations. Happy Holidays! 21. A. easily-prepared B. largely-unnecessary C. highly-thoughtless D. well-intentioned 22. A. emotion B. money C. devotion D. fate 23. A. sufficient B. optional C. necessary D. preferable 24. A. extraordinary B. passive C. controversial D. additional 25. A. consume B. waste C. pollute D. regulate 26. A. indirect B. mysterious C. positive D. encouraging 27. A. give rise to B. keep up with C. cut down on D. run out of 28. A. purchase B. produce C. eliminate D. store 29. A. exploiting B. distributing C. loosening D. absorbing 30. A. dioxide B. budget C. footprint D. emission 31. A. subtle B. environmental C. economic D. hidden 32. A. However B. What’s more C. Similarly D. For example 33. A. proposal B. assumption C. question D. property 34. A. collectively B. rarely C. humbly D. occasionally 35. A. status B. version C. maturity D. opportunity Section B Directions: Read the following passage. The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. Picture perfect: Is there such a thing as a classic? The “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20.000 people visit and view I. conardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book Written in Water, the “timeless classic” is anything but “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing tastes; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, advanced an influential expression of artistic progress that was achieved in the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century John Ruskin, a critic, called attention to the pre-Raphaelite movement when he argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. Seeing today’s desirable contemporary “masterpieces” sold at auction (拍卖) for millions, you are bound to wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. Much as in art, the “classics” of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750 Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence. 36. By citing the example of “Mona Lisa” in Paragraph One, the author intends to? A. introduce her engaging smile in the perfect picture. B. recognize her as the most famous female in the world. C. disclose the unknown thief of the masterpiece in 1911. D. illustrate the fame of a classic can arise from unexpected events. 37. According to Paragraph Three how did artists in the past view artistic creation? A. They prioritized originality over tradition. B. They rejected Roman and Greek influences. C. They aimed to express their personal emotions. D. They believed in learning by imitating classics. 38. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Relativism and controversy are the main threats to the classics. B. True culture will survive regardless of people’s discussions about classics. C. Silence helps in maintaining the status of classics as it preserves their mystery. D. Classics are shaped by ongoing debate and the influence of critics and passionate writers. 39. The passage is mainly about ______ . A. the rise and fall of classics and the causes. B. great minds and their representative works. C. world-famous art, literature and music classics. D. criticism of a book written by Rochelle Gurstein. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The success of Ne Zha 2 Like many other Chinese movies, Ne Zha 2 is also based on a Chinese mythological figure (神话人物) protective god Ne Zha. The film’s script is based on a popular 17th century Chinese novel, The Investiture of the Gods (《封神演义》), which is one of the first major literary works to feature “gods” and “demons” in Taoism and Buddhism. ___40___ Ne Zha 2 symbolizes rebellion. The image of Ne Zha has been switched from the traditional tragic hero “returning to his father” into a modern rebel who “changes his fate against God’s will”, which is in line with the spiritual desires of today’s youths and their determination to fight against labeling and pursue their goals. ___41___ ___42___ It combines modern dialogues and other elements such as the “Sichuan-style Putonghua” accent of Master Taiyi who is the tutor of Ne Zha. This practice enables traditional cultural symbols with popular culture, making the film appealing to the audience. At the same time, it cultivates a unique cultural identity. The individual and the collective have made peace in the film. ___43___ He wishes to “destroy heaven and Earth” while striving to “save the civilians of Chentangguan.” Above all, Ne Zha 2 has once again showcased the brilliance of Chinese state-of-the-art animation, compelling cultural storytelling and national confidence. The film has raised hopes of Chinese animation movies becoming increasingly popular in the future both at home and abroad. A. The film is a representative of cultural symbols. B. The film demonstrates the technological capabilities of Chinese animators. C. How come films based on Chinese myth have become big hits at the box office? D. Why does the Chinese film appeal to so many western audiences to go to the cinema? E. Ne Zha transforms from a rebellious figure into one who shoulders great responsibilities. F. This kind of role change breaks the character’s“ sacredness” myth, enabling it to echo with the audience. Section D Summary Writing 6% 44. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Beyond the Canvas: Exploring Art’s Impact on Brain Function You probably know lots of things that are good for your brain. Reading and working puzzles, for instance. Getting enough exercise and sleep. Eating healthy foods. Now here’s something else to add to the list: arts. Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. Activities that tap into these brain tasks could boost skills that are useful in other situations, too. Jessica Bone, an expert in health statistics, recently co-wrote a report that reviewed studies on the arts and well-being. Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens, she finds. She also found research that linked engaging in art through clubs or other activities with fewer negative behaviors, such as skipping school and substance abuse. But art may even lead to changes in your brain. The brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶) controls things like decision-making planning and paying attention. It helps you control impulses, organize your time and think creatively about problems. Together, all of these tasks fall into a category known as executive function. Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist, studies the brain at the University of Southern California. Her work focuses on how music affects the brain. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music, her group has shown. They are better at taking turns, paying attention to others and listening before they speak. Do your portraits of people look like stick figures? Do your songs make your friends embarrassed? None of that matters when it comes to learning, Habibi says. You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. Let your inner artist shine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ．Translation 10% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 45. 在讨论过程中，突然出现一个新的问题，需要我们立即解决。（arise）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 46. 随着肥胖率逐年攀升，我们应该重视体重管理，科学甩肉。（As）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 教育戏剧可以运用到课堂上，学生根据课堂内容做一个动作反映一个场景，从而加深对课文的理解。(where) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ．Guided Writing 15% 48. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，社会各界对其影响展开了热烈讨论。有人担忧AI会引发失业、隐私安全等社会问题，也有人认为人机协作(human-machine cooperation)将创造更美好的生活。请畅想“30年后的人类社会”，表达看法。 内容需要包括： 1．你所设想的30年后社会生活图景(可从日常生活、工作方式、教育医疗等角度展开) 2．联系自身经历或观察，阐述你对人机关系的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 浦东新区2024学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测 高二英语试卷 (共90分钟，满分100分) Ⅰ．Listening Comprehension 18% Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear six short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．In a zoo. B．In a restaurant. C．In a supermarket. D．In a botanical garden. 2．A．Chef and diner. B．Husband and wife. C．Driver and passenger. D．Store owner and customer. 3．A．$100. B．$90. C．$80. D．$50. 4．A．She feels sorry that the man can’t show up. B．The party will not begin until the man arrives. C．The man might as well not go to the party tonight. D．The man can finish his assignment before the party. 5．A．Sleep pattern. B．A new policy. C．Home decoration. D．A newly. operated train. 6．A．William is a bachelor now. B．William will have a girlfriend soon. C．William enjoys watching TV very much. D．William’s cousin is expecting a grandchild. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage, and one longer conversation and you will be asked several questions on the passage and the longer conversation. The passage and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 7 through 10 are based on the following passage. 7．A．Western painting. B．Clothes marketing. C．Dance performance. D．Silk coloring techniques. 8．A．Silk material. B．Modernized qipao. C．Western-style dresses. D．Traditional long dresses. 9．A．Bamboo Pattern series. B．Nine-Colored Dee r series. C．Greyish-green Jacket series. D．Streamline Tailoring series. 10．A．Lin Wanru passed away at the age of 70. B．Lin Wannu’s qipao design is entirely Chinese style. C．Lin Wannu designed posters to support her studies. D．Yun Shang Ge’s first international exhibition was in New York. Questions 11 through 14 are based on the following conversation. 11．A．To analyze the themes of The Canterbury Tales. B．To compare Shakespeare’s and Chaucer’s writing styles. C．To discuss the Middle Ages costumes in English literature. D．To highlight Chaucer’s role in establishing English as a literary language. 12．A．Folks preferred Latin for storytelling. B．French was the dominant language among the nobles. C．Shakespeare had already popularized English literature. D．English lacked vocabulary for artistic expression at the time. 13．A．It was written by Chaucer. B．It inspired Shakespeare’s plays. C．It focused on royal court themes. D．It was originally written in French. 14．A．Wearing costumes to enhance engagement. B．Memorizing the written text to avoid mistakes. C．Reading directly from notes to ensure accuracy. D．Avoiding eye contact to focus on content delivery. Ⅱ．Grammar and Vocabulary 20% Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Rescuing Relics(文物) Museums play an important role in preserving and showcasing cultural heritage. But have you ever wondered ___1___ museums get the works and relics that they exhibit? If the museum is sponsored by the government, the relics are probably collected under special laws ___2___(protect) historical treasures related to that country. However, not all museums are sponsored by the government. More and more museums set up by private collectors ___3___(spring) up in China since the 1990s. Typically, ___4___ these private museums are small, they give visitors the chance to see works and relics not found anywhere else. Songtang Li is one such collector who has put part of his private collection on display for the public. Some of the best examples of Chinese folk art he has collected over his lifetime ___5___(display) in the museum he opened in an old 18th century house in Beijing. Whenever an old building was being torn down, Li would visit the site to see if there was anything from the building worth ___6___(rescue). In this way, Li managed to gather thousands of folk art pieces, some of ___7___ are over 1.000 years old. Li began collecting folk art sculptures when he was young. The first pieces in his collection were two gate piers(门墩柱) ___8___(carve) with historical designs. Li thought of ___9___as his two friends. When Li was seven, the city told Li’s family to get rid of the piers so that the street could be rebuilt. ____10____ throwing them away, Li’s father allowed his son to keep them. Today, visitors to the Songtangzhai Folk Sculpture Museum can view some of the best relics Li rescued over the years. 【答案】1. where 2. protecting 3. have sprung 4. although##though##while 5. are displayed 6. rescuing 7. which 8. carved 9. them 10. Rather than 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了博物馆在保存和展示文化遗产方面的重要作用，介绍了不同博物馆获取文物的方式。 【1题详解】 考查连接词。句意：但是你有没有想过博物馆展出的作品和文物是从哪里来的？wonder 后接宾语从句，表示“地点”，用连接词where。故填where。 【2题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：如果博物馆是由政府赞助的，那么这些文物可能是根据保护与该国有关的历史宝藏的特殊法律收集的。空出为非谓语动词，special laws与protect为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填 protecting。 【3题详解】 考查的语法知识点：现在完成时。句意：自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，越来越多由私人收藏家建立的博物馆在中国涌现出来。since the 1990s” 是现在完成时的时间标志词，主语 “More and more museums” 是复数，现在完成时结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”，spring 的过去分词是 sprung，所以用 have sprung。故填have sprung。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：通常情况下，尽管这些私人博物馆规模较小，但它们为游客提供了看到在其他任何地方都看不到的作品和文物的机会。前后句之间存在让步关系，“这些私人博物馆小” 和 “它们能提供独特展品” 形成对比，所以用 although/though/while 引导让步状语从句。故填although/though/while。 【5题详解】 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：他一生中收集的一些中国民间艺术的最佳范例在他在北京一座 18 世纪的老房子里开办的博物馆里展出。“Some of the best examples of Chinese folk art” 是句子主语，与 display 之间是被动关系，即 “范例被展出”，且句子描述的是现在的客观情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，be 动词用 are，display 的过去分词是 displayed。故填are displayed。 【6题详解】 考查固定搭配 。句意：每当有一座老建筑被拆除时，李都会去现场看看这座建筑里是否有什么值得拯救的东西。固定搭配be worth doing sth.，表示 “值得做某事”，所以这里用 rescuing。故填rescuing。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句.句意：通过这种方式，李设法收集了数千件民间艺术品，其中一些已有 1000 多年的历史。先行词是 “thousands of folk art pieces”，指物，在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，所以用关系代词 which 引导。故填which。 【8题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：他收藏的第一批藏品是两根雕刻有历史图案的门墩柱。“two gate piers” 和 carve 之间是被动关系，即 “门墩柱被雕刻”，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填carved。 【9题详解】 考查代词。句意：李把它们当作他的两个朋友。of 是介词，后接宾语，这里指代前面的 “two gate piers”，所以用宾格代词 them。故填them。 【10题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：李的父亲没有把它们扔掉，而是允许他的儿子保留它们。Rather than表示 “代替，而不是”，后接动名词 throwing。首字母大写。符合句意。故填 Rather than。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. associated B. capacity C. closeness D. coined E. contradictory F. enhance G. landscape H. limit I. relevance J. sacred K. tight-knit Social Overload: Do You Have Too Many Friends? In terms of human connection, Dunbar’s number has long been a guiding principle. Traditionally set at around 150 connections, this concept, ____11____ by Robin Dunbar, finds its roots in the evolutionary development of the human brain. Yet, as we navigate the vast ____12____ of the digital age, our social connections extend far beyond geographical boundaries. Then questions arise: Does Dunbar’s number still maintain its ____13____, or does the digital era rewrite the rules of social connectivity? Dunbar’s number, a product of cognitive evolution, reflects the limited ____14____ of our brains to manage social ties. Its presence in various societies, from ____15____ tribes to expansive social structures, highlights its university. It seems that the brain imposes a natural ____16____ on the depth and breadth of our social circles. However, as we step into the digital world, the dynamics of social connection undergo a great transformation. A study published in Cybergychology. Behavior. and Social Networking explored the effect of social media usage on the size of social circles and the ____17____ of relationships. The researchers found that more time spent on social media made for a larger number of online “friends,” but not a larger amount of offline friends. Further, these findings were not ____18____ with feelings of closeness towards online or offline friends. On the one hand, these platforms ____19____ our ability to connect with a large and diverse types of individuals. On the other hand, it is unclear whether the quantity of connections weakens the quality of our relationships. Do these loose connections provide a sense of social support? Or do they contribute to the ____20____ feelings of social overload and isolation that have become increasingly common in the digital age? Social media platforms, with their global reach, redefine the boundaries of social circles. The ability to connect with individuals across continents challenges the very essence of Dunbar’s number. 【答案】11. D 12. G 13 I 14. B 15. K 16. H 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在数字时代，邓巴数字是否仍然具有相关性，以及社交媒体对社交圈子和人际关系的影响。 【11题详解】 考查动词过去分词。句意：传统上设定为大约 150 个连接，这个由罗宾・邓巴创造的概念，其根源在于人类大脑的进化发展。根据“by Robin Dunbar”可知，coin“创造（新词语）”符合句意，this concept与coin之间是逻辑上被动关系，过去分词短语coined by Robin Dunbar作后置定语。故填D。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，当我们在数字时代的广阔领域中航行时，我们的社会联系远远超出了地理边界。“landscape” 有 “（社会、政治等的）形势，局面” 的意思，符合句意。“the vast landscape of the digital age” 表示 “数字时代的广阔领域”。故填G。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：那么问题来了：邓巴数字是否仍然保持其相关性，还是数字时代改写了社会连接的规则？根据下文“or does the digital era rewrite the rules of social connectivity?”可知，“relevance” 意为 “相关性；重要性”符合句意，作宾语。故填I。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：邓巴数字是认知进化的产物，它反映了我们大脑处理社会关系的有限能力。capacity“能力；容量” 符合句子，作宾语，“the limited capacity of our brains” 表示 “我们大脑的有限能力”。故填B。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它在从紧密联系的部落到庞大的社会结构等各种社会中都有体现，这凸显了它的普遍性。根据下文“expansive social structures”可知，tight-knit意为 “紧密结合的；关系紧密的”符合句意，修饰 “tribes”，表示 “紧密联系的部落”。故填K。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：似乎大脑对我们社交圈子的深度和广度施加了一种自然的限制。“limit” 有 “限制；限度” 的意思，作宾语，符合句意。“imposes a natural limit” 表示 “施加一种自然的限制”。故填H。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：一项发表在《网络心理学、行为和社交网络》上的研究探讨了社交媒体使用对社交圈子大小和人际关系亲密度的影响。“closeness” 意为 “亲密；密切”，作宾语，符合句意。故填C。 【18题详解】 考查形容词短语。句意：此外，这些发现与对线上或线下朋友的亲近感无关。“be associated with” 是固定短语，意为 “与…… 有关”符合句意。故填A。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：一方面，这些平台增强了我们与大量不同类型人建立联系的能力。“enhance” 有 “提高；增强” 的意思，符合语境。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故填F。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：或者它们是否导致了在数字时代越来越普遍的相互矛盾的社会过载和孤立感？“contradictory” 意为 “相互矛盾的；对立的”，修饰 “feelings”，表示 “相互矛盾的感觉”。作定语，符合句意。故填E。 Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension 31% Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The Hidden Costs of Overconsumption It’s that time of year again: when people line up at stores to get the best deals on everything imaginable, and retailers (零售商) pull out all the stops to get us to buy more and more. Often, this shopping is ___21___: gifts for loved ones, festive decorations, and discounted essentials. However, this continuous urge to shop during the holiday season is costing us more than just our ___22___. Overconsumption refers to excessively purchasing and using goods or resources beyond what is ___23___ to live comfortably. It’s a problem common to developed nations. For instance, between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day, Americans produce 25% more waste than usual, sending a(n) ___24___ one million tons per week to landfills. If everyone were to ___25___ as much as Americans do, we would need the resources from over 5 Earths to sustain that rate of consumption. And according to the statistical chart below, there is a(n) ___26___ relationship between income level and carbon emissions. It takes a lot of resources and money to ___27___ the global rate of consumption. Nearly half of all US greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the energy used to ___28___, process, transport, and dispose of our goods and food. On a global scale, we are ___29___ the planet’s resources 1.7 times faster than it can regenerate. If everyone began emitting as much carbon dioxide as the world’s wealthiest 1%, the remaining carbon _____30_____ would be gone in fewer than five months. So, what are the _____31_____ costs of overconsumption? Pollution, resource reduction, greenhouse gas emissions, rising prices, and so much more. _____32_____, with all this being said, nobody expects everyone to just stop shopping entirely during the holiday season. My _____33_____ is that you think about your individual impact before you shop, now more than ever. By making adjustments to our individual shopping behavior, we can _____34_____ reduce our environmental impact. Locally-owned shops tend to have lower carbon footprints than larger corporations. They also allow you to support the local economy while strengthening community resilience. If you have the _____35_____, make a meaningful impact this holiday season by choosing to shop small and support local organizations. Happy Holidays! 21. A. easily-prepared B. largely-unnecessary C. highly-thoughtless D. well-intentioned 22. A. emotion B. money C. devotion D. fate 23. A. sufficient B. optional C. necessary D. preferable 24. A. extraordinary B. passive C. controversial D. additional 25. A. consume B. waste C. pollute D. regulate 26. A. indirect B. mysterious C. positive D. encouraging 27. A. give rise to B. keep up with C. cut down on D. run out of 28. A. purchase B. produce C. eliminate D. store 29. A. exploiting B. distributing C. loosening D. absorbing 30. A. dioxide B. budget C. footprint D. emission 31. A. subtle B. environmental C. economic D. hidden 32. A. However B. What’s more C. Similarly D. For example 33. A. proposal B. assumption C. question D. property 34. A. collectively B. rarely C. humbly D. occasionally 35 A. status B. version C. maturity D. opportunity 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了过度消费对环境和资源造成的负面影响，并呼吁人们在购物时考虑个人行为对环境的影响，支持本地购物以减少环境足迹。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，这种购物是出于好意的：给所爱的人买礼物，节日装饰品和打折的必需品。A. easily-prepared容易准备的；B. largely-unnecessary很大程度上不必要的；C. highly-thoughtless欠考虑的；D. well-intentioned出于好意的。根据下文“gifts for loved ones, festive decorations, and discounted essentials”可知，这些购物的目的是好的，是有意义的。故选D。 22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在假期里这种持续购物的冲动让我们付出的不仅仅是金钱。A. emotion情感；B. money金钱；C. devotion奉献；D. fate命运。根据上文“this shopping”可知，购物需要花钱。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过度消费是指过度购买和使用超出舒适生活所需的商品或资源。A. sufficient足够的；B. optional可选择的；C. necessary必要的；D. preferable更可取的。根据下文“For instance, between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day, Americans produce 25% more waste than usual, sending a(n) ___4___ one million tons per week to landfills.”可知，购买和使用超出舒适生活所必需的东西。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，从感恩节到元旦，美国人产生的垃圾比平时多25%，每周额外向垃圾填埋场输送100万吨垃圾。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. passive被动的；C. controversial有争议的；D. additional额外的。根据上文“produce 25% more waste than usual”可知，是比平时多产生的垃圾，也就是额外的垃圾。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都像美国人一样消费，我们需要5个地球以上的资源来维持这种消费速度。A. consume消费；B. waste浪费；C. pollute污染；D. regulate调节。根据上文“Overconsumption refers to excessively purchasing and using goods or resources beyond what is ___3___ to live comfortably.”可知，文章主要讲的是过度消费的问题，这里说的是如果每个人都像美国人那样消费。故选A。 26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据下面的统计图表，收入水平和碳排放之间存在着正相关关系。A. indirect间接的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. positive积极的；D. encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据下文“If everyone began emitting as much carbon dioxide as the world’s wealthiest 1%, the remaining carbon...”和图表内容可知，收入高的人群碳排放也高，所以是正相关关系。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：要跟上全球消费速度需要大量的资源和金钱。A. give rise to引起；B. keep up with跟上；C. cut down on减少；D. run out of用完。根据“Nearly half of all US greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the energy used to ___8___, process, transport, and dispose of our goods and food.”可知，为了满足全球的消费，需要很多资源和资金，也就是要跟上消费速度。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：近一半的美国温室气体排放与用于生产、加工、运输和处理我们的商品和食品的能源有关。A. purchase购买；B. produce生产；C. eliminate消除；D. store储存。根据下文“process, transport, and dispose of our goods and food”可知，这里是按照商品和食品从生产到处理的过程。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，我们开发地球资源的速度比地球再生的速度快1.7倍。A. exploiting开发，利用；B. distributing分配；C. loosening放松；D. absorbing吸收。根据下文“the planet’s resources 1.7 times faster than it can regenerate.”可知，开发地球资源的速度比地球再生的速度快1.7倍。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都开始像世界上最富有的1%的人那样排放二氧化碳，那么剩余的碳预算将在不到5个月的时间内耗尽。A. dioxide二氧化物；B. budget预算；C. footprint足迹；D. emission排放。根据上文“If everyone began emitting as much carbon dioxide as the world’s wealthiest 1%”可知，“carbon budget”指碳预算，即允许排放的碳总量，这里是说按照这种排放速度，碳预算会很快用完。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那么，过度消费的隐藏成本是什么呢？A. subtle微妙的；B. environmental环境的；C. economic经济的；D. hidden隐藏的。文章标题是“The Hidden Costs of Overconsumption”，这里承接上文，问过度消费的隐性成本。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查副词和固定短语辨析。句意：然而，尽管如此，没有人期望大家在假期完全停止购物。A. However然而；B. What’s more此外；C. Similarly类似地；D. For example例如。前面说过度消费有很多成本，这里说不期望完全停止购物，是转折关系，“However”符合语境。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的建议是，现在比以往任何时候都更重要的是，在你购物之前考虑一下你个人的影响。A. proposal建议；B. assumption假设；C. question问题；D. property财产。根据下文“you think about your individual impact before you shop, now more than ever”可知，这里是作者给出的建议。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过调整我们个人的购物行为，我们可以共同减少对环境的影响。A. collectively共同地；B. rarely很少地；C. humbly谦逊地；D. occasionally偶尔。根据下文“reduce our environmental impact”可知，这里说的是大家一起调整购物行为，共同减少对环境的影响。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你有机会，在这个假期通过选择小商店购物和支持当地组织来产生有意义的影响。A. status地位；B. version版本；C. maturity成熟；D. opportunity机会。根据下文“make a meaningful impact this holiday season by choosing to shop small and support local organizations”可知，如果有机会就选择在小商店购物支持当地组织。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following passage. The passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. Picture perfect: Is there such a thing as a classic? The “Mona Lisa” is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20.000 people visit and view I. conardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”. Classics of art, literature and music are supposed to carry some mysterious appeal that endures across the ages. But as Rochelle Gurstein, a historian, writes in a new book Written in Water, the “timeless classic” is anything but “What I believed was written in stone was actually written in water,” she argues. Classics come and go. The rise and fall of classics is not just a matter of changing tastes; art itself has changed. Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the “child of imitation”, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures. The writing of art history has also changed tastes. In the 16th century Giorgio Vasari, an Italian painter, advanced an influential expression of artistic progress that was achieved in the realism of Raphael and Michelangelo. But in the 19th century John Ruskin, a critic, called attention to the pre-Raphaelite movement when he argued that the real “Old Masters” were actually medieval Christian painters. Seeing today’s desirable contemporary “masterpieces” sold at auction (拍卖) for millions, you are bound to wonder how critics 100 years from now will feel about them. Much as in art, the “classics” of music and literature have not always been set in stone either. Today Johann Sebastian Bach is often regarded as the master of classical music. But after his death in 1750 Bach’s compositions fell out of fashion until Felix Mendelssohn, a German composer, rediscovered them in the 1820s. Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence. 36. By citing the example of “Mona Lisa” in Paragraph One, the author intends to? A. introduce her engaging smile in the perfect picture. B. recognize her as the most famous female in the world. C. disclose the unknown thief of the masterpiece in 1911. D. illustrate the fame of a classic can arise from unexpected events. 37. According to Paragraph Three, how did artists in the past view artistic creation? A. They prioritized originality over tradition. B. They rejected Roman and Greek influences. C. They aimed to express their personal emotions. D. They believed in learning by imitating classics. 38. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Relativism and controversy are the main threats to the classics. B. True culture will survive regardless of people’s discussions about classics. C. Silence helps in maintaining the status of classics as it preserves their mystery. D. Classics are shaped by ongoing debate and the influence of critics and passionate writers. 39. The passage is mainly about ______ . A. the rise and fall of classics and the causes. B. great minds and their representative works. C. world-famous art, literature and music classics. D. criticism of a book written by Rochelle Gurstein. 【答案】36. D 37. D 38. D 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨经典作品的兴衰，指出其并非永恒不变，受艺术变化、批评家及人们争论等因素影响 。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The ‘Mona Lisa’ is probably the most recognizable female face in the world. Every day around 20,000 people visit and view Leonardo da Vinci’s painting in the Louvre. Yet it became famous not because of an engaging semi-smile, but a thief. Until a worker stole the masterpiece in 1911, it was still mostly unknown; viewers flooded in to see what a French newspaper called “an enormous, horrific, huge void”.(《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最容易辨认的女性面孔。每天大约有两万人在卢浮宫参观列奥纳多・达・芬奇的这幅画。然而，它出名不是因为迷人的半微笑，而是因为一个小偷。直到1911年一名工人偷走了这幅杰作，它在很大程度上仍然不为人知；观众们涌入博物馆，想看看一家法国报纸所称的“一个巨大、可怕、巨大的空白处”。)”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是因为被偷才出名的，这是一个意外事件。作者引用《蒙娜丽莎》的例子是为了说明经典作品的名声可能来自意想不到的事件。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Artists used to strive to express ideal forms of beauty. Genius was the ‘child of imitation’, explained Joshua Reynolds, a British portraitist in the 18th century. Artists learned by studying and imitating classical masterpieces, often Roman copies of Greek sculptures.(艺术家过去常常努力表达理想的美。18世纪的英国肖像画家约书亚・雷诺兹解释说，天才是“模仿的产物”。艺术家们通过研究和模仿经典杰作来学习，这些杰作通常是希腊雕塑的罗马复制品。)”可知，过去的艺术家认为艺术创作要通过模仿经典来学习。故选D项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ms Gurstein’s perspectives show that the “status of a classic” depends on critics, and is a test to the power of passionate writers to change the way people look at art. Taste evolves, and it should. But true culture lives on only as long as people continue to argue over what counts as a classic today. The true enemy of the classic is not relativism or controversy. It is silence..(古斯坦女士的观点表明，“经典的地位” 取决于批评家，也是对热情的作家改变人们看待艺术方式的能力的一种考验。品味在演变，而且应该演变。但只有当人们继续争论今天什么才算经典时，真正的文化才会延续下去。经典的真正敌人不是相对主义或争议。而是沉默。)”可知，经典是由持续的争论以及批评家和热情的作家的影响所塑造的。故选D项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段以《蒙娜丽莎》为例引出经典的名声可能来自意外事件；第二段指出经典不是永恒不变的；第三段说明艺术本身的变化对经典兴衰的影响；第四段提到艺术史的书写也改变了品味；第五段以巴赫的作品为例说明音乐和文学的经典也不是一成不变的；最后一段强调经典的地位取决于批评家以及持续的争论。所以整篇文章主要讲了经典的兴衰以及原因。故选A项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The success of Ne Zha 2 Like many other Chinese movies, Ne Zha 2 is also based on a Chinese mythological figure (神话人物) protective god Ne Zha. The film’s script is based on a popular 17th century Chinese novel, The Investiture of the Gods (《封神演义》), which is one of the first major literary works to feature “gods” and “demons” in Taoism and Buddhism. ___40___ Ne Zha 2 symbolizes rebellion. The image of Ne Zha has been switched from the traditional tragic hero “returning to his father” into a modern rebel who “changes his fate against God’s will”, which is in line with the spiritual desires of today’s youths and their determination to fight against labeling and pursue their goals. ___41___ ___42___ It combines modern dialogues and other elements such as the “Sichuan-style Putonghua” accent of Master Taiyi who is the tutor of Ne Zha. This practice enables traditional cultural symbols with popular culture, making the film appealing to the audience. At the same time, it cultivates a unique cultural identity. The individual and the collective have made peace in the film. ___43___ He wishes to “destroy heaven and Earth” while striving to “save the civilians of Chentangguan.” Above all, Ne Zha 2 has once again showcased the brilliance of Chinese state-of-the-art animation, compelling cultural storytelling and national confidence. The film has raised hopes of Chinese animation movies becoming increasingly popular in the future both at home and abroad. A. The film is a representative of cultural symbols. B. The film demonstrates the technological capabilities of Chinese animators. C. How come films based on Chinese myth have become big hits at the box office? D. Why does the Chinese film appeal to so many western audiences to go to the cinema? E. Ne Zha transforms from a rebellious figure into one who shoulders great responsibilities. F. This kind of role change breaks the character’s“ sacredness” myth, enabling it to echo with the audience. 【答案】40. C 41. F 42. A 43. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了《哪吒2》取得成功的原因。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Like many other Chinese movies, Ne Zha 2 is also based on a Chinese mythological figure (神话人物) protective god Ne Zha. The film’s script is based on a popular 17th century Chinese novel, The Investiture of the Gods (《封神演义》), which is one of the first major literary works to feature “gods” and “demons” in Taoism and Buddhism.(和许多其他中国电影一样，《哪吒2》也是根据中国神话人物哪吒的形象改编的。这部电影的剧本改编自17世纪中国流行小说《封神榜》，《封神榜》是最早描写道教和佛教中“神”和“魔”的主要文学作品之一)”可知，上文介绍了《哪吒2》的背景，结合后文主要分析了这部电影取得成功的原因，可知本句承上启下，引出后文的原因。故C选项“根据中国神话改编的电影是如何取得巨大票房成功的？”符合语境。故选C。 【41题详解】 根据上文“Ne Zha 2 symbolizes rebellion. The image of Ne Zha has been switched from the traditional tragic hero “returning to his father” into a modern rebel who “changes his fate against God’s will”, which is in line with the spiritual desires of today’s youths and their determination to fight against labeling and pursue their goals.(《哪吒2》象征着反叛。哪吒的形象从传统的“还父”悲剧英雄转变为“违背上帝意志改变命运”的现代反叛者，这符合当今青年的精神欲望和反抗标签、追求目标的决心)”可知，本段主要说明《哪吒2》象征反叛，且提到了角色的转变，F选项中rebellious对应上文rebellion。故F选项“这种角色转换打破了人物的‘神圣’神话，使其与观众产生共鸣”符合语境。故选F。 【42题详解】 根据后文“It combines modern dialogues and other elements such as the “Sichuan-style Putonghua” accent of Master Taiyi who is the tutor of Ne Zha. This practice enables traditional cultural symbols with popular culture, making the film appealing to the audience. At the same time, it cultivates a unique cultural identity.(它结合了现代对话和其他元素，比如哪吒的导师太一大师的“四川式普通话”口音。这种做法使传统的文化符号与流行文化相结合，使电影对观众具有吸引力。同时，它也培养了一种独特的文化认同)”可知，本段的主旨是《哪吒2》培养了文化认同，即文化方面具有代表意义。故A选项“这部电影是文化符号的代表”符合语境。故选A。 【43题详解】 根据上文“The individual and the collective have made peace in the film.(个人和集体在影片中和平共处)”以及后文“He wishes to “destroy heaven and Earth” while striving to “save the civilians of Chentangguan.”(他希望“毁灭天地”，同时努力“拯救陈塘关的平民”)”可知，后文提到哪吒努力“拯救陈塘关的平民”，体现了他肩负责任。故E选项“哪吒从一个叛逆的人变成了一个肩负重任的人”符合语境。故选E。 Section D Summary Writing 6% 44. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Beyond the Canvas: Exploring Art’s Impact on Brain Function You probably know lots of things that are good for your brain. Reading and working puzzles, for instance. Getting enough exercise and sleep. Eating healthy foods. Now here’s something else to add to the list: arts. Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. Activities that tap into these brain tasks could boost skills that are useful in other situations, too. Jessica Bone, an expert in health statistics, recently co-wrote a report that reviewed studies on the arts and well-being. Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens, she finds. She also found research that linked engaging in art through clubs or other activities with fewer negative behaviors, such as skipping school and substance abuse. But art may even lead to changes in your brain. The brain’s prefrontal cortex (前额叶) controls things like decision-making, planning and paying attention. It helps you control impulses, organize your time and think creatively about problems. Together, all of these tasks fall into a category known as executive function. Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Assal Habibi, a neuroscientist, studies the brain at the University of Southern California. Her work focuses on how music affects the brain. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive-function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music, her group has shown. They are better at taking turns, paying attention to others and listening before they speak. Do your portraits of people look like stick figures? Do your songs make your friends embarrassed? None of that matters when it comes to learning, Habibi says. You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. Just include it in your everyday life. So visit museums. Go to concerts. Watch plays. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. Let your inner artist shine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention. Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章指出参与艺术活动有利于大脑功能，减少抑郁，增强动力，提高决策和注意力等执行功能。研究表明，参与艺术活动可以减少青少年的消极行为，提高认知能力，无论艺术天赋如何。 【详解】1.要点摘录： ① Engaging in arts activities, such as playing music, drawing, dancing, or even appreciating art, can significantly benefit your brain. ② Overall, taking part in arts activities can reduce signs of depression and boost motivation in kids and teens. ③ Training in arts may affect how the brain handles these tasks. Kids in music programs tend to manage executive - function tasks better than kids who aren’t involved in music. ④ You don’t have to be trained or talented, she says, to make or enjoy art. All of these may help boost brainpower in beneficial ways. 2.缜密构思：将要点①作为总起，要点②③作为分述；要点④总结 遣词造句： Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention. Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Engaging in arts activities benefits brain function by reducing depression, enhancing motivation, and improving executive functions like decision-making and attention.（运用动名作主语） 【高分句型 2】Studies show arts participation decreases negative behaviors in youth and boosts cognitive skills, regardless of artistic talent.（省略that的定语从句 ） Ⅳ．Translation 10% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 45. 在讨论过程中，突然出现一个新的问题，需要我们立即解决。（arise）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In the course of the discussion, a new problem suddenly arose, which we need to solve immediately. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“在讨论过程中”为in the course of the discussion，作状语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。“一个新问题”为a new problem ；“出现”为arise。“需要我们立即解决”处理成非限制性定语从句“which we needed to solve immediately.”，先行词为 a new problem ，作定语从句中solve的宾语。故翻译为In the course of the discussion, a new problem suddenly arose, which we need to solve immediately. 46. 随着肥胖率逐年攀升，我们应该重视体重管理，科学甩肉。（As）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As the obesity rate rises year by year, we should pay attention to weight management and lose weight (burn fat/shed pounds) in a scientific way. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和状语从句。表示“随着”用as引导时间状语从句，表示“肥胖率”短语为the obesity rate；表示“攀升”用动词rise，陈述事实用一般现在时；表示“逐年”为year by year；主句主语为we；表示“重视”短语为pay attention to，且should 后跟动词原形；表示“体重管理”用weight management；and连接并列谓语，表示“科学甩肉”可翻译为lose weight或burn fat或shed pounds in a scientific way。故翻译为As the obesity rate rises year by year, we should pay attention to weight management and lose weight (burn fat/shed pounds) in a scientific way. 47. 教育戏剧可以运用到课堂上，学生根据课堂内容做一个动作反映一个场景，从而加深对课文的理解。(where) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Educational drama can be applied to the classroom, where students make a movement to reflect a scene according to the class content, thus deepening their understanding of the text. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语、定语从句。表示“教育戏剧”用educational drama，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“运用到……上”用be applied to，表示“可以”用can，后接be applied，构成含有情态动词的被动语态。表示“课堂上”用the classroom，作can be applied to的宾语。表示“学生根据课堂内容做一个动作反映一个场景”用非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the classroom，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。从句中：表示“学生们”用students，作从句主语；表示“做一个动作”用make a movement，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语为复数，谓语用动词原形；表示“反映一个场景”用reflect a scene，用不定式，作目的状语；表示“根据课堂内容”用according to the class content，作状语。表示“从而”用thus；表示“加深”用deepen，用现在分词deepening，作结果状语；表示“他们对课文的理解”，其中their understanding of the text作deepening的宾语。故翻译为Educational drama can be applied to the classroom, where students make a movement to reflect a scene according to the class content, thus deepening their understanding of the text. Ⅴ．Guided Writing 15% 48. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 随着人工智能技术的飞速发展，社会各界对其影响展开了热烈讨论。有人担忧AI会引发失业、隐私安全等社会问题，也有人认为人机协作(human-machine cooperation)将创造更美好的生活。请畅想“30年后的人类社会”，表达看法。 内容需要包括： 1．你所设想的30年后社会生活图景(可从日常生活、工作方式、教育医疗等角度展开) 2．联系自身经历或观察，阐述你对人机关系的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In 30 years, AI will revolutionize human society. In daily life, smart homes will adjust temperature and lighting automatically, and self-driving cars will ensure safer commutes. At work, people will collaborate with AI assistants to boost efficiency. In education, personalized learning plans will be provided by AI tutors, and in healthcare, AI will help doctors diagnose diseases more accurately. From my experience, when using translation tools powered by AI, I’ve seen how it aids my language learning. AI isn’t a threat but a powerful partner. Humans offer creativity and emotional intelligence, while AI provides speed and accuracy. With human-machine cooperation, we can build a future where technology truly enriches our lives. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求考生请畅想“30年后的人类社会”，表达看法。其内容包括：你所设想的30年后社会生活图景并联系自身经历或观察，阐述你对人机关系的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 协作：collaborate→cooperate 促进：boost →promote 提供：provide→offer 帮助：help→assist 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：AI isn’t a threat but a powerful partner. 拓展句：It is obvious that AI isn’t a threat but a powerful partner. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 From my experience, when using translation tools powered by AI, I’ve seen how it aids my language learning. （运用了状语从句的省略和how引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】With human-machine cooperation, we can build a future where technology truly enriches our lives.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$