上海市控江中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题

2024-2025学年控江中学第二学期阶段练习 高二 英语试卷 考试时间：105分钟 笔试满分：115分 2025.4 Ⅰ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, us one word that best fits each blank. The Afterlife of Data Franz Kafka died 100 years ago. He had instructed his friend Max Brod (1) ______ (burn) his unpublished works. Fortunately for generations of readers, Brod didn’t; he believed Kafka to be among (2) ______ (great) writers of his time and instead edited and published his late friend’s writing. In other words, Brod decided that Kafka’s stories belonged not to the late author, but to the public. Brod’s situation echoes today. People live online and generate far more data than they did just a decade ago. Everyone leaves digital traces behind (3) ______ they die, either deliberately, in the form of social-media posts, or incidentally, with web searches, location data, or banking records. The digital era (4) ______ (reshape) humans’ relationship with the dead. Anyone (5) ______ social media account has reminded them to say “happy birthday” to a dead relative can agree. That sort of reminder would probably never have happened before social media, (6) ______ everyone who knew that person’s birthday also would have known that he was dead. Such reminders are likely to grow more common: recent research has found that, on Facebook, the dead (7) ______ outnumber the living within 40 years. Technology enables a continued relationship with the dead. In 2022, Amazon announced that it was developing a feature so its virtual assistant, Alexa, could be programmed to speak in the voice of a dead relative using (8) ______ (record) data. It even made a video in which a boy asks Alexa to read him “The Wizard of Oz” in his late grandmother’s voice. But the advancement of technology brings with it the question: (9) ______ whom do the dead’s data belong? This is not merely a question for individuals wondering (10) ______ to do with their loved ones’ digital remains. It’s a question for society at large. After all, historians often study the diaries of the dead. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. explosion B. run C. evenly  D. reaches E. cutting-edge F. typically G. matter H. puts I. boosts J. remarks K. unremarkable Are the super shoes used in Olympic races twisting results? The build-up to every modern Olympic Games is filled with stories about athletics tracks and swimming pools carefully designed for setting records. But any performance ___11___ these give are shared by all competitors. Then came the arrival of the first super shoes in 2016, which accelerated road-running events like the marathon. The launch of their “super spikes(钉鞋)” cousin a few years later is now having a similar effect on the longest races ___12___ inside the stadium. At first glance, this ___13___ in the use of super shoes appears to have sent times falling across the board, with performances once considered the mark of all-time greatness rapidly becoming ___14___. But the advances in shoe technology have one crucial difference to the other technological changes that have modernized sports over the years. The benefits are not ___15___ distributed among competitors － even for those wearing the same shoes. With super shoes, some runners get huge boosts while others find the ___16___ footwear knocks them off their stride(步伐). Study after study has found that difference between “hyper-responders”－those whose physiology or running style combines with the shoes to maximum benefit－and “non-responders” ___17___ several percentage points. In races that are ___18___ decided by much less than half a percentage point, that can be the difference between gold medal and loser. This variation in the advantage given by the shoes is similar to a new Formula One racing car that is able to help left-handed people drive faster while slowing down right-handed drivers. As sports scientist Ross Tucker ___19___ it, it’s not only possible but likely that if you took two outstanding athletes each wearing a different pair of advanced shoes, and changed their shoes, you would get a different race result. Athletic ability is already determined in part by differences in physiology and biomechanics. The question is whether we’re now OK with differences that did not previously ___20___ suddenly becoming crucial as a result of new technology. Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Pickleball was invented in 1965 and became an instant hit with its unique combination of badminton, tennis, and table-tennis. Some consider it a(n) ____21____ version of tennis－it requires less power and less running. However, there has been a turf war(争夺战) between traditional tennis players and the rapidly growing pickleball community. Some tennis players accuse pickleballers of taking up courts. The source of the ____22____ is a familiar one to economists: the distribution of a limited resource. Pickleball has gained widespread popularity since the covid-19 pandemic, especially among those over the age of 55. ____23____ special courts, many pickleballers started using public tennis courts. Basic economics teaches students about substitute and complementary(互补的) goods. Substitutes are goods that can be ____24____ by one another－think Coca-Cola and Pepsi. Rising demand for one will lead to falling demand for the other. Complements are the ____25____. Rising demand for one stimulates demand for the other－think cars and petrol. It is ____26____ to see why the two sports appear to be substitutes. Public-court space is ____27____ and private clubs can be expensive. As pickleball has added more than 9 million players since 2020, the number of tennis players has also ____28____, but growth in courts has not kept pace. In the long run, however, the impact of pickleball on tennis is not necessarily ____29____. There is even an argument that the two sports may end up complementary. First, what is really apparent is a rise in demand for facilities in which both sports can be played, and local authorities have never been keener on the provision of public courts. If ____30____ keeps up, it will result in suitable spaces for both sports. ____31____, the act of playing either sport is probably a complement to the other. Tennis is both hard to learn and athletically challenging. Pickleball is less ____32____ for children and the elderly to pick up. Consequently, it could easily become an entry point to more ____33____ sports－one that encourages children to progress to tennis ____34____ they have a little more muscle. And this process might later work ____35____. Lifelong tennis players, who find the sport too demanding as they age, might enjoy switching to pickleball. 21. A. simpler B. popular C. final D. unique 22. A. interaction B. combination C. conflict D. invention 23. A. In the face of B. In the absence of C. In the company of D. In the name of 24. A. advertised B. exchanged C. sold D. replaced 25. A. opposite B. alternative C. equivalent D. relative 26. A. strange B. easy C. interesting D. possible 27. A. free B. available C. limited D. rented 28. A. changed B. increased C. switched D. stabilized 29. A. general B. changeable C. negative D. complementary 30. A. provision B. demand C. argument D. expense 31. A. However B. Therefore C. In addition D. In short 32. A. worthwhile B. argumentative C. recommended D. demanding 33. A. challenging B. professional C. interesting D. beneficial 34. A. in case B. once C. unless D. because 35. A. on the contrary B. in exchange C. in reward D. on the other hand Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B.C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, had just moved to Santa Ana. Outside their apartment, an untidy homeless man was often yelling on the street corner, sometimes keeping them awake at night. Peterson would pass the guy on his way to his job as a car designer at Kia Motors, but they never spoke. What could they possibly have in common? One day, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s warm message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to go outside and introduce himself. In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to here to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. “It was the oddest thing to me,” Peterson recalled later, “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year. But his story inspired me.” Even though Peterson hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait. Faris said yes. Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Working from a black-and-white photo of the subject taken with his phone, Peterson chooses colors inspired by the subject’s personality and life story, creating a distressing portrait. Peterson sells the vibrant(充满活力的) painting for a few thousand dollars, splitting the proceeds and putting half into what he calls a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits, but there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now,’ ” Peterson says. “I didn’t know that would happen.” 36. What motivated Brian Peterson to go outside to meet Faris? A. An inspiration from the book he was reading. B. A goal to use his talent to make a homeless man’s life. C. A duty to address the homelessness crisis in his community. D. An aim to challenge social norms and improve his own personal life. 37. What did Matt Faris use the funds from his portrait for? A. To start a small business. B. To pay for his medical expenses. C. To make friends with the homeless. D. To make his musical dreams come true. 38. What does the underlined phrase “down and out” mean in the last paragraph? A. stranded in community. B. reduced to poverty. C. rewarded with portrait painting. D. aimed at realizing dreams. 39. Which of the following is the best title of this text? A. Art with Function: Love Account Matters B. Purpose in Paintings: Help Knows No Race C. Power of sympathy: Painting a New View D. Encounter with Strangers: Hugging New Friends (B) Walking Hawai’i’s History Footpaths and trails, first protected by Hawaiian royalty in 1892, have grown into a network of 500 miles across six islands. Where To Hike Hawaiian Heritage Trails 1. Alaka’i Swamp Trail, Kaua’i Sprawling over 4,345 acres in West Kaua’i, Köke’e State Park has roughly 45 miles of hiking trails. Most notable is the 7-mile(round-trip) Alaka’i Swamp Trail, which follows the edge of Kalalau Valley into a rare mountainous environment some 4,000 feet above sea level. Along the way are native plants and trees, home to peculiar birds including the ’elepaio(monarch flycatcher) and ’ani-aniau, a Hawaiian honeycreeper(蜜旋木雀) only found here. Hawai’i’s Queen Emma visited the swamp on horseback in 1870. The setting so entranced her that she had her hundred dancers and musicians who traveled with her perform here before continuing on. 2. Moanalua Valley, O’ahu This hike can be as short or as long as you want, from an easy hour-long stroll along an old valley road to a grueling(稀薄的) 11-mile walk to the summit of the Ko’olau Mountains. The first part follows a stream and has interpretive markers. The road continues to a sacred rock covered with paintings. 3. Hoapili Trail, Maui Part of this 12.5-mile trail follows an old footpath from Keone’o’io Bay. Along the way you pass a native wiliwili(Hawaiian coral tree) and the last lava flow from Haleakala volcano. 4. Hana-Wai’anapanapa Coast Trail, Maui The 4.6-mile round-trip hike follows an ancient trail along the Hana coastline in eastern Maui and is composed of rough lava(熔岩). It’s not as popular as nearby Pipiwai Trail, but it takes in sea arches, tide pools, a blowhole, and a religious site－before ending at rocky Ka’inalimu Bay. 5. Pololu Trail, Hawai’i This 1.2-mile out-and-back path takes hikers from the lookout down into the Pololu Valley, an elevation change of 878 feet over the course of the trail length. King Kamehameha Ӏ was born nearby in North Kohala. 40. If the tourist is interested in plants and bird watching, which trail is most suitable for him? A. Hana-Wai’anapanapa Coast Trail, Maui. B. Alakai Swamp Trail, Kaua’i. C. Moanalua Valley, O’ahu. D. Hoapili Trail, Maui. 41. Which trail is described as less popular but offers views of natural arches, tide pools, and a blowhole? A. Hoapili Trail. B. Moanalua Valley. C. Alaka’i Swamp Trail. D. Hana-Wai’anapanapa Coast Trail. 42. Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Hawaii is made up of 5 trails. B. Hoapili Trail is the longest one among the 5 trails. C. Hawai’i’s Queen Emma visited Moanalua Valley in 1870. D. Visitors can overlook the Moanalua Valley on the Pololu Trail. (C) Tipping in America Over the past few years, tipping has gotten complicated. The rise of touchscreens presents an opportunity to tip 18, 20, or 22 percent for everything from a cup of coffee to a candy bar. Yet all this tip increase flies in the face of the media narratives that celebrated restaurateurs were leading the way to abolish(废除) the practice. Tipping has its roots in vails(赏钱), small gifts in form of money given by English noblemen to their servants in the late Middle Ages. These started out as a means of rewarding extra work, or helping out in hard times. By the 18th century, servants at country houses and inns expected these gifts from guests, and sources at the time complained of the cost. After World War II, tipping waned in the United Kingdom and across Europe as restaurants substituted service charges for tips. But the war posed no threat to the practice in America, making the country that had imported tipping its main supporter. Since the 1950s, economists and psychologists have been arguing over tipping’s role in American society. Some theorize that people enjoy the feeling of importance; others suggest that people tip out of fear of social disapproval. W. Michael Lynn, a social psychologist who has studied tipping throughout his career, argues in his research that it might have begun as a means for some people to buy special treatment－then, when tipping became common, it instead put non-tippers at a disadvantage, creating an unbreakable cycle. One or two prominent restaurateurs occasionally make headlines by abolishing the practice, but the tip-free movement never spreads. Lynn, a professor of consumer behavior at Cornell, says that it’s difficult because consumers like the alternatives to tipping less. “For restaurants to get rid of tipping, the two options they have are to either replace it with service charges, which everyone hates, or raise menu prices, which most restaurants have difficulty doing since competitors continue to have lower menu prices, and doing so collectively would be price fixing.” What is known is how much tipping doesn’t do. Research has found that tips are not used to reward good service, or punish bad service. People tip even if they don’t expect to ever return to a restaurant, and the only determinant of the size of the tip is the size of the bill－people tend to tip smaller percentages on bigger checks. Racism and sexism influences how much people tip too. 43. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Tipping began as money gifts given by English nobles to servants in the late Middle Ages. B. After World War II, tipping disappeared completely in the United Kingdom and across Europe. C. The tip-free movement has successfully spread widely in the restaurant industry. D. Consumers generally prefer the alternatives to tipping, such as service charges or higher menu prices. 44. According to economists and psychologists, Americans tip possibly because ____________. A. they tend to care about important social matters B. they prefer to treat other people in a special way C. they want to be recognized by the community D. they intend to get rid of an unbreakable cycle 45. What can be inferred about the current situation of tipping in America? A. Media reports on tipping are not always credible. B. Consumers are unwilling to tip as much as before. C. People tip to build a connection with the receiver. D. Waiters of color might be tipped less by customers. 46. What is the author’s attitude towards tipping? A. favorable B. critical C. neutral D. biased Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Many of us tend to focus our praise on the end result and seemingly inborn talents. B. Instead, positive feedback should not just soften negatives but enhance performance. C. When positive and negative feedback always appear to go hand in hand, the positives can become devalued and ignored. D. Enhance the productivity and efficiency by implementing strategies aimed at improving the performance of your employees. E. Therefore, it matters that you should promote the exchange of feedback between peers and actively seek out their positive remarks when doing tasks. F. But in the long run, by hugging positive feedback, you can not only enhance working performance but also enrich the quality of life in the workplace. Positive Feedback In an attempt to inject some positivity into their feedback, many managers rely on sandwiching negative feedback between two positive comments. However, when feedback becomes such a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of masking the negatives, thus decreasing its value. (47) ______________. Below are three tips to help you make positive feedback count. 1. Don’t always follow positive feedback with negative feedback. (48) ______________. Ensure there are times when positive feedback is given for its own sake and resist the temptation to offer constructive criticism. 2. Cultivate a ‘growth mindset’. Psychologist and ‘growth mindset’ supporter Carol Dweck spoke of the plasticity of the brain and our ability to develop skills and talents that we might not have been good at to start with. (49) ______________. “You really have an eye for details”, for example. However, research suggests that by focusing on the process of how things are done－praising effort, experimentation and problem-solving strategies－we can encourage the development of new skills and the continued development of talents. 3. Create a culture of offering positive feedback. Make giving positive feedback part of your team/department/company culture. Don’t just wait for special moments like evaluations to give feedback. Offer informal positive feedback when making small talk or when walking down a corridor. Feedback doesn’t have to only come from the higher ranks either. Encourage peer feedback among team members and colleagues and actively ask them for positive comments on each other’s performances on tasks. It might take time to counter the effects of an environment where there is a doubtful view of positive feedback. (50) ______________. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Role of the Anesthesiologist (麻醉医生) If you’re preparing for surgery, you’ve probably given a lot of thought to the education, training, and experience of the surgeon performing the procedure. But you may not have thought much about the anesthesiologist or the importance of his or her medical expertise in your procedure — before, during, and after — to keep you safe and comfortable. Actually, anesthesiologists guide you throughout your entire surgical experience. Before surgery, in the days or weeks before your surgery, your anesthesiologist will be sure you are fit for surgery and prepare you for the procedure by asking detailed questions about your health, and examining you. Be sure to let your anesthesiologist know about any medical problems you have, such as heart disease, diabetes, or asthma, and what medications you are taking. Eventually, your anesthesiologist will create an anesthesia plan developed specifically for you to ensure a safe and successful procedure. During the surgery, the anesthesiologist closely monitors your anesthesia and vital body functions during the procedure, working alone or with an Anesthesia Care Team. Your anesthesiologist will instantly manage medical problems if they occur during surgery. After surgery, in the recovery room, the anesthesiologist supervises others who will care for you and monitor your recovery — your breathing, circulation, consciousness, and level of oxygen — and is immediately available if there are questions or concerns. In addition, the anesthesiologist typically is one of those who decide when you are ready to go home, or when you should be moved to a regular room in the hospital or the intensive care unit. The anesthesiologist may even be involved in pain management after you go home because they specialize in pain control, and some focus their practices on treating patients with chronic pain. If you suffer from pain that won’t go away, such as migraine headaches, back pain, or pain caused by a condition such as fibromyalgia, ask your doctor about a referral to an anesthesiologist who specializes in treating chronic pain. Ⅳ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 依我看来，争论上海房价是否会持续攀升，这是一件毫无意义的事情。(point) 53. 重要的是要保护我们的文化遗产，以便后代能够欣赏和传承。(preserve) 54. 无论是在科学领域还是艺术领域，除了对所选领域的热情和奉献以外，成功还取决于你的坚持不懈。(whether) 55. 人们普遍认为，科技的发展让我们的生活更加便利，但同时也带来了如隐私问题这样的挑战。(It) Ⅴ. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 你是明启中学高三学生李华，最近你所在学校要接待一些外籍学生来校进行为期两天的中西方文化交流活动，现在向全校师生征集活动策划案。请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。你的邮件须包括以下内容： （1）介绍具体活动方案； （2）说明理由。 注：文中可以出现真实地名，但不得提及真实姓名或学校。 参考答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary（20分） Section A 1. to burn 2. the greatest 3. when/after 4. has reshaped 5. whose 6. because/as/since/for 7. may/might 8. recorded 9. to 10. what Section B 11-15 IBAKC 16-20 EDFHG II. Reading Comprehension（45分：第21至35小题，每题1分；第36至50小题，每题2分） 21-35 ACBDA BCBCA CDABA 36-39 ADBC 40-42 BDB 43-46 ACDC 47-50 BCAF III. Summary Writing（10分） 51. Anesthesiologists are important in the surgical process. Before surgery, they make anesthesia plans for patients by asking them health-related questions and examining them. During surgery, anesthesiologists closely monitor patients’ anesthesia and vital body functions in case of medical emergencies. After surgery, anesthesiologists supervise patients’ recovery and determine patients’ next medical process. After patients go home, anesthesiologists help manage pains. (59 words) 内容采分点评分参考： 1、主题句： 在整段手术经历中，麻醉医生扮演着不可或缺的角色。 1分 2、手术前： 为病人制定手术麻醉方案 工作方法： 1）询问你的健康详情 2）给你做体检 1分 3、手术中： 密切监管你的麻醉和身体机能情况；及时处理手术时出现的医疗问题 1分 4、手术后： 1）监管病人的恢复情况 2）参与决策病人的去向（出院or转移病房） 1分 5、病人回家后： 参与病人的疼痛管理 1分 IV. Translation（15分：3+3+4+5） 评分参考（双划线1分，单划线0.5分）： 52. In my opinion/To my mind/As far as I am concerned/From where I stand/From my perspective, there is no point in arguing whether the housing prices in Shanghai will be steadily/constantly/continuously/gradually rising. 53. It is important to preserve our cultural heritage so that future generations can appreciate and pass it on. 54. Whether in science or in art, besides / apart from / in addition to the passion and dedication/devotion you bring to your chosen field / in your chosen field, success lies in / consists in / counts on / relies on / depends on / is determined by / is decided by your perseverance. (success和perseverance全拼对得0.5，错一个就扣0.5。) 55. It is commonly/generally/widely/universally believed/assumed/acknowledged that the development of science and technology has made our lives more convenient/has brought convenience to our lives, but it has also brought about challenges such as privacy concerns/problems. V. Guided Writing（25分） 56. Dear sir, /Dear chairman of Students’ Union, / To whom it may concern, With the upcoming visit of our esteemed international students for a cultural exchange program, I am thrilled to submit my proposal for a series of engaging activities that aim to foster communication, exposure and experience between our students. Here is the 2-day schedule. On the first day, a welcoming ceremony will be organized in the assembly hall, featuring traditional Chinese performances such as dragon and lion dances, followed by a showcase of international students’ cultural presentations. This will set the tone for an open and inclusive exchange, allowing each group to exhibit their unique cultural heritage. After the ceremony, it’s a good idea to organize some interactive activities to deepen our cultural exchange. To begin with, we can hold Chinese ancient poetry show in the assembly hall. Wearing ancient costumes like Hanfu, participants will sing, recite their favorite poems, or even perform a drama on the stage so that our foreign friends can better appreciate the beauty of Chinese language. Meanwhile, international students can share their native languages, customs, and traditional arts like paintings or music with students in our school. Small group interactions encourage personal connections and deepen understanding. On the second day, I recommend hosting a joint cooking class where students work in mixed groups to prepare both Chinese and international dishes. As we all know, food is a universal language that brings us together because it represents respective cultures. I believe that this activity teaches cooking skills and deepens understanding of each other’s dietary habits and cultural values through the shared experience of preparation and tasting. In the evening, what about holding a farewell party for our foreign students so that we can exchange presents as souvenirs, which serve as a tie bridging Sino-Western cultures? In conclusion, I’m convinced that this cultural exchange program will be a memorable and impactful experience for all involved. I sincerely hope that my proposal will be considered and accepted. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 作文评分参考： 1. 两天的交流至少要安排2个活动，内容丰富可适当加分。活动校内外均可，但必须围绕中西方文化交流活动。 2. 活动理由分开写或者并在一起写都可以。 3. 邮件书信格式，若正确在总分上加1分。 各档次评分标准： A档（20-23分）9+9+4/5= 22/23；9+8+4/5= 21/22；8+8+4= 20。 内容完整覆盖所有要点，活动方案具体可行，理由阐述充分。至少写3个活动。 语言准确丰富，句式灵活多样，使用高级词汇和复杂结构。 结构清晰，段落衔接自然，逻辑严密。 B档（16-19分）8+8+3=19；8+7+4/3= 19/18；7+7/6+3= 17/16。 内容涵盖主要要点，活动方案较具体，理由阐述合理。 语言基本正确，有一定句式变化。 结构基本合理，有段落划分。 C档（11-15分）7+6+2=15；6+6+2/1= 14/13；5+5+2/1= 12/11。 内容覆盖部分要点，活动方案较笼统。 语言错误较多，句式单一。 结构松散，段落划分不清。 D档（5-10分）5+4+1= 10；4+4+1/0= 9/8；4+3+1/0= 8/7；3+3/2+0= 6/5 内容要点严重缺失。 语言错误严重影响理解。 结构混乱无条理。 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$