精品解析：上海市顾村中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

上海市顾村中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一年级英语学科 I. Listening comprehension (25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At home. B. In his office. C. At school. D. In the meeting room. 2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. D. Customer and shop assistant. 3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English. C. The man should get some sleep. D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late. 4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six. 5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her. C. She didn’t like exercise before. D. Jogging is never part of her life. 6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use the machine. B. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the woman. C. The clerk should have made more copies. D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies. 7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill. C. He wants to be treated there. D. He intends to prepare lunch. 8. A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks. C. She is planning to return to Canada. D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada. 9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colors. C. He chooses both yellow and brown. D. He doesn’t care much about color. 10. A. His wife often complains about everything. B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair. C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice. D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The floor is slick. B. The staircase is steep. C The passage is narrow. D. The tread is unsteady. 12. A. It disturbs the local people with noises. B. It causes the damage on the pavement. C. It stops people and cars moving freely. D. It prevents people from walking easily. 13. A. It is part of their local heritage. B. It is an attraction of tourists. C. It is the revival of morals. D. It is the miracle of God. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Less than 30 minutes. B. From 30 to 45 minutes. C. At least 45 minutes. D. More than 45 minutes. 15. A. He should show respect for the interviewer. B. He should show confidence in himself. C. He should talk enthusiastically. D. He should be dressed properly. 16. A. Speaking confidently but not aggressively. B. Talking loudly to give a lasting impression. C. Talking a lot about the job. D. Speaking politely and emotionally. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Computer sales negotiation. B. A preliminary interview. C. An Internet seminar meeting. D. A business meeting. 18. A. She managed the sales department. B. She gave seminars on the Internet. C. She worked as a custodian. D. She worked as a seller. 19. A. Java is a Web page authoring program. B. Java is a kind of coffee. C. Java is a computer game software. D. Java is very easy to learn. 20. A. He will call Mrs. Taylor in the next few days. B. He will talk ever their discussion with others. C. He will not contact her for further consideration. D. He will employ her at once. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. High Ceilings in Buildings Linked to Poorer Exam Results for Students New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students, ___1___ might sound a bit crazy, but makes more and more sense as you think about it. ___2___ the shape of a room can’t compensate for your lack of revision or make you any smarter than you were before, we do know that the environments we’re in have an effect on us. That includes our ability to concentrate and work on mental tasks. The authors of the study, from the University of South Australia and Deakin University in Australia, suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, are making ___3___ harder for students to focus on what is in front of them. A previous study from some of the same researchers, ___4___ (make) use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing. “We were curious to apply our lab findings to a real-world dataset and see if being in a large space like a gymnasium while having to concentrate on an important task would result in a ___5___ (poor) performance,” says environmental psychologist Isabella Bower from the University of South Australia. The study analyzed exam results from 15,400 students over eight years and across three campuses, referencing their scores against what ___6___ (expect) based on the coursework they’d previously submitted. In exam rooms with elevated ceilings, students tended to underperform ___7___ (compare) to those taking exams in rooms with a ‘standard’ ceiling height, even after accounting tor age, gender, time of year, exam subject, and prior exam experience — other factors that could potentially affect the results. However, ___8___ we can’t yet be sure about is whether the actual dimensions of the room are having an effect, or whether it’s something else related to the environment — like the temperature or humidity inside the space, or even how many other students there are. “These spaces are often designed ___9___ purposes other than examinations, such as gymnasiums, exhibitions, events, and performances,” says Bower. “The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem ___10___ (disadvantage) students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree.” Those are questions that future research can try to find out. It’s clear though that environment matters — and that we might not be giving students the best chance for success by holding exams in rooms that aren’t custom-built for the purpose. 【答案】1. which 2. While##Although##Though 3. it 4. making 5. poorer 6. was expected 7. compared 8. what 9. for 10. to disadvantage 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高天花板的考场可能影响学生考试表现的研究发现，并探讨了背后的原因及未来研究方向。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：新的研究发现，考试大厅的天花板高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，这听起来可能有点疯狂，但当你仔细思考时，会越来越觉得有道理。分析句子结构可知，“ might sound a bit crazy”为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【2题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然房间的形状不能弥补你复习的不足，也不能让你比以前更聪明，但我们知道我们所处的环境对我们有影响。结合句意可知，前后句之间是让步关系，应用while/although/though引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Although/Though。 【3题详解】 考查it作形式宾语。句意：这项研究的作者来自澳大利亚南澳大学和迪肯大学，他们认为，宽敞开阔、天花板高的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。句中为固定结构“make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式“for students to focus on what is in front of them”。故填it。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此前，部分相同研究人员进行的一项研究利用脑成像技术和虚拟现实技术，发现了认知能力与个人对周围环境感知大小之间的关系。句中已有谓语动词had found，所以make要用非谓语形式在句中作后置定语，修饰A previous study，A previous study与make之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填making。 【5题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：南澳大学环境心理学家伊莎贝拉·鲍尔说：“我们很好奇将实验室的发现应用到真实世界的数据集中，看看在像体育馆这样的大空间里，同时又要专注于一项重要任务，是否会导致表现更差。”根据语境可知，此处是将在大空间（如体育馆）里考试与在标准天花板高度的房间里考试的表现进行对比，应用形容词比较级poorer，表示“更差的”。故填poorer。 【6题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这项研究分析了来自三个校区、八年间15400名学生的考试成绩，并将他们的分数与他们之前提交的课程作业所预期的成绩进行了对比。空处作从句谓语动词，根据前文的analyzed可知，时态为一般过去时，expect与主语what（指代scores）之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，what作主语，be动词用was。故填was expected。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在天花板较高的考场里，学生的表现往往不如在“标准”天花板高度的考场里考试的学生，即使在考虑了年龄、性别、考试时间、考试科目和以往考试经验——这些可能影响结果的其他因素之后也是如此。句中已有谓语动词tended，空处为非谓语动词在句中作状语，students与compare之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填compared。 【8题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：然而，我们目前还不能确定的是，究竟是房间的实际尺寸在起作用，还是与环境有关的其他因素——比如空间内的温度或湿度，甚至是其他学生的数量。“ we can’t yet be sure about”为主语从句，从句中about缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导该从句。故填what。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：鲍尔说：“这些空间通常是为非考试目的而设计的，比如体育馆、展览、活动和表演。”be designed for为固定短语，意为“为……而设计”。故填for。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：关键的一点是，天花板高的大房间似乎对学生不利，我们需要了解是哪些大脑机制在起作用，以及这是否对所有学生都有相同程度的影响。seem to do sth.为固定用法，意为“似乎做某事”，故空处用动词disadvantage“对……不利”的不定式形式。故填to disadvantage。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. audiences B. common C. living D. experiencing E. financial F. impossible G. introducing H. launch I. released J. saw K. scenes Hit TV Drama ‘Blossoms’ Drives a New Craze in Shanghai Formerly known as a gastronomy paradise, Shanghai’s Huanghe Road used to be home to over 100 restaurants, many of which served high-end fare that only the rich and famous could afford. But everything started to change in the mid-1990s when a spate of changes sapped the lustre out of this bustling street. New safety regulations, for example, ___11___ the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings. Fried snakes, a delicacy that many intrepid gourmands sought after, were also banned. The Asian ___12___ crisis in the late 1990s and the SARS pandemic in 2003 subsequently resulted in many restaurants closing down. But the area is now ___13___ a revival of sorts, with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues. Wang Yongfen, who has been ___14___ in a shikumen lane house on Huanghe Road for the last 35 years, said she has never seen such crowds before. The reason behind this phenomenon is Blossoms Shanghai, a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai that was ___15___ on December 27, 2023. Adapted from Chinese writer Jin Yucheng’s award-winning novel Fan Hua (Blossoms), the TV series takes ___16___ back to 1990s Shanghai when the city was experiencing unprecedented economic growth and prosperity. “The TV series did a great job in portraying Shanghai in the 1990s. Although the names of the restaurants and shops in the drama were made up, the ___17___ got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here,” said the 60-year-old. “Restaurants here were the pioneers in ___18___ Hong Kong cuisine to the city. Many top chefs from Hong Kong used to work in the restaurants here,” recalled Wang. “Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s. It was ___19___ to see photos of restaurant owners posing with famous movie stars and singers from Hong Kong.” A security guard surnamed Zhang who works at an office building along the road told China Daily that the area has been overflowing with visitors since the _____20_____ of the new show. 【答案】11. J 12. E 13. D 14. C 15. I 16. A 17. K 18. G 19. B 20. H 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇文化新闻报道。主要介绍的是上海电视剧《繁花》的热播如何带动了黄河路地区的复兴，吸引了大量游客前来寻找怀旧与历史线索。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：例如，新的安全法规见证这条街标志性的霓虹灯招牌被拆除，使街道失去了许多特色。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及下文的“the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings.”可知，此处表示“见证”为动词see，表示“见证”了街道上的一些变化，且描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时saw。故选J。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：20世纪90年代末的亚洲金融危机和2003年的非典疫情导致许多餐馆关闭。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词crisis，根据常识和“in the late 1990s”，此处表示“金融危机”，所以此处使用形容词financial。故选E。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：但该地区现在正在经历某种复兴，大批手持相机的人涌入这里寻找怀旧和历史线索。根据空前is now可知，此处应为动词的适当形式，结合句意以及下文的“with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues.”可知，大批手持相机的人涌入这里寻找怀旧和历史线索，因此该地区正在经历某种复兴，表示“经历”为experience符合语境，结合空前的时间状语now以及is可知，此处为现在分词构成进行时态。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：王永芬（音译）已经在黄河路石库门弄堂里住了35年，她说以前从未见过这么多人。根据句子结构，此处需填一个与“in a shikumen lane house”搭配的动词，结合句意，此处表示表示“居住、生活”为live in，与主语为主动关系，结合空前的has been可知，该句使用现在完成进行时，动词应为现在分词形式living。故选C。 15题详解】 考查动词。句意：而让这里重新热闹起来的是王家卫（中国香港）导演的电视剧《繁花》，该剧于去年12月27日播出。此处为句子的谓语部分，根据句意和上文的“a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai”，此处表示“上映、发布”为动词release，符合语境，与主语之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式released与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选I。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：《繁花》改编自中国作家金宇澄的同名获奖小说，将观众带回上世纪90年代的上海，展现了这座城市当时所经历的前所未有的经济增长和繁荣。根据句意和下文的“back to 1990s Shanghai”，此处表示“观众”为audience，指的是将“观众”带回上世纪90年代的上海，此处为复数形式表示泛指意义。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：王永芬说：“电视剧《繁花》很好地刻画了上世纪90年代的上海。虽然剧中的餐馆和商店都是虚构的，但这些场景让我想起了这里许多老式餐馆和酒吧。”此处为名词作主语，根据句意和下文的“got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here”可知，此处电影的场景能让人们想起了这里许多老式餐馆和酒吧的事物，所以此处表示“场景”为scenes符合语境。故选K。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：王永芬回忆道：“黄河路上的餐厅率先将香港美食引入上海。许多来自香港的顶级厨师都曾在这里的餐厅工作过。”根据句意以及上文的“Restaurants here were the pioneers”可知，这里的餐厅都是带头人，正是这些人把香港美食引入上海，由此可知，此处表示“引入、介绍”为动词introduce，符合语境位于介词之后，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故选G。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：餐馆老板与香港著名影星和歌手合影的照片屡见不鲜。此处为形容词作表语，根据句意和上文的“Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s.”可知，香港流行歌曲和电影在上世纪90年代受到追捧，港式菜肴迅速走红，由此可知，与香港著名影星和歌手合影的照片屡见不鲜的，所以此处表示“常见的”为形容词common符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：黄河路上一栋写字楼的保安张某告诉《中国日报》，自从电视剧《繁花》播出以来，这里就吸引了大批游客。根据句意和下文的“of the new show”可知，此处表示电视剧《繁花》“上映、推出”以来，符合语境，所以此处使用名词launch作宾语。故选H。 III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to Give Money to Good Causes It is the season for giving. Nearly two-fifths of Americans tell pollsters that they sign over more of their savings to charity in the holiday season than at any other time of year; more than two-thirds of Britons say they plan to donate money at Christmas. But the labyrinth of charities, good causes and people in need can be as___21___ to navigate as the seasonal family get-together. How to give well? ___22___, the idea that you should treat charitable donations methodically has been tarnished by effective altruism, a movement associated with Sam Bankman-Fried (SBF), a convicted crypto con man who insinuated that his fraudulent enterprise was ultimately all about doing good. Happily, the notion that there is a ___23___ way to give has a long and noble history. Aristotle suggested that___24___ stemmed from correct giving to the right people, in the right amounts, for the right reasons and at the right times. For the modern giver, three considerations could usefully serve as a guide. First should be to observe your own moral ___25___. Giving to rescue dying languages and to save dying children both have an intrinsic value. Religion and philosophy may help you ___26___ their competing claims. But ultimately, how important you find one good cause compared with another is a matter of personal ___27___. Another consideration is how much ___28___ you should allow worthy recipients to choose between different good things for themselves. You might be fired up with the mission to lift up the neediest out of ___29___. But they may prefer to spend your precious money on a funeral for a close friend than to invest in a cow as a source of future ____30____. You need to decide how much to defer to their wishes. This way of thinking helps explain why schemes offering cash transfers have become more popular in recent years. GiveDirectly, which offers such handouts in poor countries, has alone raised over half a billion dollars in the past three years. The third consideration is ____31____. Be it preventing river blindness, improving literacy or doling out cash, some organisations are better than others at getting the job done. However, it is not always possible to know how efficient charities are. Sometimes the dollar gains for each dollar spent are hard to ____32____, if not impossible. How do you quantify whether a programme to support democracy has been successful? If an autocrat ends up in power, you may conclude the effort was futile; then again, you may think it was worth staving off democratic collapse at least for a while. Smaller charities can struggle to collect the data they need to evaluate their work. That does not mean charities that try to solve complex problems or lack data are worse; just that how well they do good is anyone’s ____33____. When you can get evidence about charities’ efficiency, it should ____34____ your calculations. A defined goal, such as digging wells for clean water, should be measurable. So, too, should programmes that promise quick ____35____. Because some charities really do get more done per dollar, whom you give to can matter as much as how much you give. 21. A. easy B. hard C. professional D. efficient 22. A. Unfortunately B. Undoubtedly C. Unexpectedly D. Unusually 23. A. random B. cautious C. wise D. creative 24. A. conflict B. innovation C. equality D. virtue 25. A. supports B. priorities C. standards D. obligations 26. A. demonstrate B. assess C. balance D. interpret 27. A. choice B. relationship C. safety D. space 28. A. time B. money C. risk D. freedom 29. A. control B. poverty C. order D. reach 30. A. income B. inspiration C. challenge D. leadership 31. A. accuracy B. consistency C. efficiency D. tendency 32. A. accept B. understand C. remember D. measure 33. A. chance B. guess C. game D. dream 34. A. check B. preserve C. enter D. perform 35. A. results B. expectations C. deliveries D. recoveries 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就如何捐钱给慈善事业最有效展开讨论。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，慈善机构、公益事业和需要帮助的人构成的复杂系统，与节日里家人团聚一样，让人难以应对。A. easy容易的；B. hard困难的；C. professional专业的；D. efficient高效的。根据上文“But the labyrinth of charities, good causes and people in need”可知，复杂系统让人难以应对。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，一种认为慈善捐赠应讲究方法的理念，因有效利他主义运动而蒙上了阴影，这个运动跟那个被判罪的加密货币骗子萨姆·班克曼-弗里德有关系，他居然说他的诈骗行为是为了做好事。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Undoubtedly无疑地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Unusually不寻常地。根据下文“the idea that you should treat charitable donations methodically has been tarnished by effective altruism”可知，这种认为慈善捐赠应讲究方法的理念被效利他主义影响，所以是不幸地。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人欣慰的是，关于怎么捐赠才明智这件事情，其实有着悠久而崇高的传统。A. random随机的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. wise明智的；D. creative有创造力的。根据下文“Aristotle suggested that ____ stemmed from correct giving to the right people, in the right amounts, for the right reasons and at the right times”可知，这种捐赠方式是有一定道理的，所以是明智的。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚里士多德认为，美德源自正确的捐赠：向正确的人、以正确的数量、出于正确的原因、在正确的时间进行捐赠。A. conflict冲突；B. innovation创新；C. equality平等；D. virtue美德。根据下文“stemmed from correct giving to the right people, in the right amounts, for the right reasons and at the right times”以及语境可知，这种正确的给予方式体现的是一种美德。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，应该关注自身的道德优先事项。A. supports支持；B. priorities优先事项；C. standards标准；D. obligations义务。根据下文“Giving to rescue dying languages and to save dying children both have an intrinsic value. Religion and philosophy may help you ____ their competing claims. But ultimately, how important you find one good cause compared with another is a matter of personal ____ .”可知，这里讨论的是在不同公益事业中确定哪个更重要，也就是要确定自己的道德优先事项。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：宗教和哲学或许能帮助你在这些相互冲突的观念之间找到平衡。A. demonstrate证明；展示；B. assess评估；C. balance平衡；D. interpret解释；口译。根据上文“Giving to rescue dying languages and to save dying children both have an intrinsic value.”可知，这两种公益事业都有价值，存在竞争关系，所以宗教和哲学可以帮助平衡它们的主张。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但归根结底，你如何权衡某一善行相较于其他善行的重要性，属于个人选择的范畴。A. choice选择；B. relationship关系；C. safety安全；D. space空间。根据上文“Religion and philosophy may help you ____ their competing claims.”可知，在平衡之后，最终还是要个人来决定哪个公益事业更重要，这是个人的选择。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个需要考虑的因素是，你应给予受助者多大的选择好东西的自由。 A. time时间；B. money钱；C. risk风险；D. freedom自由。根据下文“You might be fired up with the mission to lift up the neediest out of ____ . But they may prefer to spend your precious money on a funeral for a close friend than to invest in a cow as a source of future ____ . You need to decide how much to defer to their wishes.”可知，这里讨论的是给予接受者在使用捐赠资金方面有多大的自由。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可能满怀使命，致力于帮助最贫困的人摆脱贫困。A. control控制；B. poverty贫困；C. order秩序；D. reach范围。根据上文“lift up the neediest”可知，目的是把他们从贫困中解救出来。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他们可能宁愿把你宝贵的钱花在好友的葬礼上，也不愿投资一头奶牛作为未来的收入来源。A. income收入；B. inspiration灵感；C. challenge挑战；D. leadership领导能力。根据上文“invest in a cow as a source of future”以及语境可知，这里指投资牛是为了获得未来的收入。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第三个考虑因素是效率。A. accuracy准确性；B. consistency一致性；C. efficiency效率；D. tendency趋势。根据下文“Be it preventing river blindness, improving literacy or doling out cash, some organisations are better than others at getting the job done”以及“However, it is not always possible to know how efficient charities are.”可知，这里讨论的第三个因素是效率。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，每花费一美元所获得的收益很难衡量，甚至无法衡量。A. accept接受；B. understand理解；C. remember记住；D. measure衡量。根据下文“How do you quantify whether a programme to support democracy has been successful?”可知，这里说的是很难衡量每一美元花费带来的收益。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这并不是说，致力于解决复杂问题或缺乏数据的慈善机构就更差；只能说它们做慈善的成效如何，无人知晓。 A. chance机会；B. guess猜测；C. game游戏；D. dream梦想。根据上文“Sometimes the dollar gains for each dollar spent are hard to ____ , if not impossible. How do you quantify whether a programme to support democracy has been successful? If an autocrat ends up in power, you may conclude the effort was futile; then again, you may think it was worth staving off democratic collapse at least for a while. Smaller charities can struggle to collect the data they need to evaluate their work.”可知，在这种情况下，慈善机构行善的效果难以确定，所以只能是猜测。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你能够获得慈善机构效率的证据时，它应该被纳入你的考量之中。A. check检查；B. preserve保护；C. enter进入；纳入；D. perform执行；表演。根据下文“A defined goal, such as digging wells for clean water, should be measurable. So, too, should programmes that promise quick ____ . Because some charities really do get more done per dollar, whom you give to can matter as much as how much you give.”可知，当有慈善机构效率的证据时，应该把它纳入考虑，enter符合语境，enter your calculations，表示“纳入你的考虑范围”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，那些承诺快速见效的项目也应该是可衡量的。A. results结果；成果；B. expectations期望；C. deliveries交付；递送；D. recoveries恢复。根据上文“A defined goal, such as digging wells for clean water, should be measurable.”可知，这里说的是项目应该有可衡量的东西，对于承诺快速的项目来说，应该是快速取得成果。故选A项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Eton, a ten-year-old boy, used to go for a walk with his father every day on a nearby hill. One day the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.” Father agreed. Both of them started running toward hilltop. After running for some time, Father suddenly stopped. Eton asked, “What happened? Why did you stop suddenly? Have you accepted your defeat already?” “No, some pebbles (砾石) got stuck in my shoes. I stopped to remove them.” Father replied. “Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them.” Eton replied. Saying this, the boy ran ahead fast. Father removed pebbles from his shoes and moved ahead. Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease. Gradually, Father came close to him. Seeing his boy. Father shouted from behind, “Why don’t you remove pebbles from your shoes first?” “But I don’t have time for this!” said the boy. In a short white, Father overtook him. Eton’s pain bad increased a lot due to the pricking pebbles and now he was not even able to walk. He stopped there and screamed. “Dad, I can’t run any more.” Father quickly ran back and took off Eton’s shoes and saw that his feet were injured. Father took the boy back home and applied some medicine to the injuries. When pain subsided a bit, he talked to the boy, “Son, I told you to first remove your pebbles and then go on with the race.” “But I want to win the race first,” Eton said. “It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said. 36. What was the underlying reason for Eton’s insistence on not removing the pebbles? A. His overemphasis on the result of winning the race clouded his judgment. B. He firmly wanted to show his father that he could endure the pain. C. He didn’t know the most efficient way to remove the pebbles quickly. D. He was influenced by a competitive environment that valued speed above all. 37. Which of the following best describes the father’s attitude towards the race? A. He was extremely eager to win the race and took it very seriously. B. He thought the race was just a casual activity and didn’t care about the result at all. C. He regarded the race as a way to teach his son a life lesson rather than just a competition. D. He considered the race a precious chance to fully prove his remarkable physical strength. 38. What does “the pebbles stuck in the shoes” symbolize? A. Temporary setbacks that can be overcome with determination. B. Small problems that, if neglected, can grow into major obstacles. C. Hidden dangers that can interrupt one’s journey if not detected early. D. Minor annoyances that should be endured for the sake of a greater goal. 39. Based on the story, what can we infer about Eton’s character? A. He is self-centered and believes he can overcome any obstacle with his own wisdom. B. He is sociable but refuses to listen to anyone’s advice, even when it is clearly beneficial. C. He is lazy and tries to avoid any task that requires extra effort, like removing the pebbles. D. He is highly competitive but lacks the ability to think sensibly in the face of challenges. 【答案】36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Eton和父亲赛跑，Eton因急于赢比赛不清理鞋里的砾石，最终脚受伤，父亲借此教导他要及时解决生活中问题的故事。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中““Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them.” Eton replied.(“也有一些鹅卵石卡在我的鞋子里，但我不在乎。一旦我到达山顶，我就会把它们拿掉。”伊顿答道)”和第五段中““But I want to win the race first,” Eton said.(“但我想先赢得比赛，”伊顿说)”可推知，Eton坚持不清理鞋里砾石的根本原因是他过度看重赢得比赛的结果，这蒙蔽了他的判断。故选A项。 37题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said.(“不是这样的，孩子，如果我们的生活中出现任何问题，那么我们不应该说我们现在没有时间来拖延解决它们。你移走那块石头几乎不需要一分钟，但现在为了节省这一分钟，你必须忍受一个星期的痛苦。”父亲说)”可推知，父亲把这次赛跑当作教导儿子人生道理的方式，而非单纯的比赛。故选C项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them. (我的鞋子里也进了一些砾石，但我不在乎。等我到了山顶再把它们弄出来)”、第三段中“Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease. Gradually, Father came close to him. (Eton已经远远领先了，但现在由于鞋子里的砾石，他的脚开始疼起来，跑步速度也开始减慢。渐渐地，父亲靠近了他)”、第四段中“Eton’s pain bad increased a lot due to the pricking pebbles and now he was not even able to walk.(由于砾石的刺痛，Eton的疼痛加剧了很多，现在他甚至都走不动了)”和最后一段中““It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said.(“不是这样的，孩子，如果我们的生活中出现任何问题，那么我们不应该说我们现在没有时间来拖延解决它们。你移走那块石头几乎不需要一分钟，但现在为了节省这一分钟，你必须忍受一个星期的痛苦。”父亲说)”可知，一开始鞋里进砾石只是小问题，但因为忽视了这些小问题，最终它们演变成了大障碍，导致Eton无法继续比赛，造成严重的后果。所以“the pebbles stuck in the shoes”象征着“被忽视后会演变成大障碍的小问题”。故选B项。 39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中Eton的话“Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.(爸爸，今天我们来一场比赛吧。谁先摸到山顶，谁就赢得比赛)”可知，Eton有很强的竞争意识；又根据第二段中“Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them.(也有一些鹅卵石卡在我的鞋子里，但我不在乎。一旦我到达山顶，我就会把它们拿掉)和第三段中“But I don’t have time for this!(但我没时间跟你说这个！)”可推知，Eton在面对挑战时缺乏理智思考的能力。故选D项。 (B) Grand Canyon National Park is a super popular park in the United States. Every year, around 5.5 million people go to see the Grand Canyon. It is often regarded as one of the Wonders of the World. The “South Rim” Most visitors see the Grand Canyon from the “South Rim”. The “South Rim” is open all year long. It includes: ◆Grand Canyon Village. It can be reached by driving and is served by the Grand Canyon Railway. ◆Scenic Hermit Road west of the village. ◆Desert View Drive east of the village. A free bus system operates on the “South Rim”. Make your visit easier by parking your car at the Visitor Centre and using the free buses to travel around the “South Rim”. The “North Rim” A much smaller number of people see the canyon from the “North Rim” of the park. The “North Rim” has a short season. It has more limited access due to the snow in winter. During winter months, almost all roads are closed to visitors. Even in good weather, the “North Rim” is harder to get to. Fees and passes Admission to Grand Canyon National Park is for seven days and includes both the “North Rim” and the “South Rim”. ■Vehicle Pass: $35 For one single vehicle and all its passengers. ■Motorcycle Pass: $30 For one single motorcycle and its passenger(s). ■Individual Pass: $20 For one individual when entering by bicycle, bus, the Grand Canyon Railway or on foot. Admission is free for individuals 15 years old and younger. ■2024 Annual Pass: $70 Valid for 12 months from the date of purchase, for unlimited visits to the park. 40. Which of the following is true about the “South Rim”? A. The Grand Canyon Village is reachable by both driving and the Grand Canyon Railway. B. The Scenic Hermit Road, located west of Grand Canyon Village, is accessible only by hiking. C. The free bus on the South Rim can directly take visitors to the viewpoints on the North Rim. D. The restaurants near the Visitor Centre on the South Rim are open all night to serve tourists. 41. Why does the “North Rim” have a short season? A. Because the park management wants to save money on maintenance. B. Because the snow in winter poses difficulties for people to access it. C. Because the local government restricts the opening time to protect the environment. D. Because the South Rim attracts most of the visitors, leaving the North Rim with less business. 42. If a family of four drives to the Grand Canyon National Park, how much should they pay for the admission? A. $20. B. $30. C. $35. D. $80. 【答案】40. A 41. B 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国大峡谷国家公园的基本情况。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据The “South Rim”部分中“◆Grand Canyon Village. It can be reached by driving and is served by the Grand Canyon Railway.(◆南缘部分：大峡谷村。可以开车到达，也有大峡谷铁路提供服务)”可知，大峡谷村既可以通过驾车，也能借助大峡谷铁路到达，所以“The Grand Canyon Village is reachable by both driving and the Grand Canyon Railway.(大峡谷村可通过驾车或大峡谷铁路到达)”是正确描述。故选A项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据The “North Rim”部分中“The ‘North Rim’ has a short season. It has more limited access due to the snow in winter. During winter months, almost all roads are closed to visitors.(北缘的开放季节较短。由于冬季下雪，进入北缘的通道更加受限。在冬季的几个月里，几乎所有道路都对游客关闭)”可知，冬季积雪使得人们前往北缘困难，导致其开放季节短。故选B项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据Fees and passes部分中“■Vehicle Pass: $35. For one single vehicle and all its passengers.(■费用和通行证部分：车辆通行证：35美元。适用于一辆车及其所有乘客)”可知，一家四口开车去公园，买一张车辆通行证即可，费用为35美元。故选C项。 (C) Thanks to great strides in fundamental research, biology is becoming ever more programmable. Two recent scientific advances show just how powerful the possibilities could be. The genetic modification of plants is allowing the mechanism of photosynthesis to be tinkered with, as research published in Science on August 18th sets out. This could lead to dramatic improvements in the productivity of plants, and eventually to a second green revolution. Tweaking the genes of people who suffer from fatal incurable diseases, meanwhile, has also had remarkable results. A series of genetic therapies has arrived, or is arriving, in clinics to treat blood cancers, spinal muscular atrophy, haemophilia and sickle-cell disease. The task now is to spread these gains far and wide. The consequences of both advances could be momentous. The genetic modification of crops promises cheaper, more nutritious and more climate-resilient food for a hungry planet. Genetic therapies offer the hope of curing devastating diseases. They also allow for one-time treatments that can be transported to the four corners of the Earth, bringing years, decades or a lifetime of benefits to the seriously and incurably ill. Imagine a cure for aids or sickle-cell disease that could be taken to the continent of Africa or across the Middle East. The accompanying benefits would be similar to the eradication of smallpox. This tantalising promise has been made possible by a prodigious investment in fundamental research over the years. Basic knowledge of genetics and the functions and structures of proteins has proved to be a motor for discovery across medicine and agriculture. The private sector, to be sure, plays an essential role in the cycle of innovation. But these advances are a reminder that investment by governments and charities is crucial in areas that offer little commercial benefit in the short term, but which in the long term promise to greatly advance well-being. Much of the success in treating rare diseases is a consequence of the efforts of charities, often thanks to fundraising by patients and their families. Research that benefits low-income countries frequently relies on philanthropic donors with deep pockets, such as the Gates Foundation. The investments made in fundamental science today yield the productivity gains of tomorrow. Unfortunately, there is no guarantee that these gains will be realized. Gene therapies are a remarkable technical accomplishment. But their current enormous cost — often well over $ l m to treat a single person — makes them hard for health-care systems to afford, even when they are reserved for fatal rare genetic diseases. The idea of using them to treat more prevalent conditions looks prohibitively pricey. 43. What does the research published in Science on August 18th focus on? A. The treatment of blood cancers. B. The genetic modification of plants. C The improvement of genetic therapies. D. The spread of the gains in biology. 44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of genetic therapies? A. Offering one-time treatments. B. Curing some fatal incurable diseases. C. Reducing the cost of health care systems. D. Bringing long-term benefits to the seriously all. 45. Who plays an important role in the research benefiting low-income countries? A. The private sector. B. Patients and their families. C. Health-care systems. D. The Gates Foundation. 46. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Present the achievements and challenges of two biological advancements. B. Emphasize the importance of fundamental research in all scientific fields. C. Compare the genetic modification of plants and genetic therapies in terms of cost. D. Analyze the cost-effectiveness of genetic therapies and plant genetic modification. 【答案】43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物学领域内的两项重要科学进展——植物基因改造和基因疗法，并详细阐述了这些进展的潜在影响、意义以及当前面临的挑战。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The genetic modification of plants is allowing the mechanism of photosynthesis to be tinkered with, as research published in Science on August 18th sets out.(正如8月18日发表在《科学》杂志上的研究所述，对植物进行基因改造使得人们能够对光合作用的机制进行调整。)”可知，8月18日发表在《科学》杂志上的研究阐述了对植物进行基因改造使得光合作用的机制能够被调整。也就是说该研究聚焦于植物的基因改造。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Genetic therapies offer the hope of curing devastating diseases. They also allow for one-time treatments that can be transported to the four corners of the Earth, bringing years, decades or a lifetime of benefits to the seriously and incurably ill.(基因疗法为治愈毁灭性疾病带来了希望。它们还提供了一次性治疗的可能性，这种治疗可以推广到世界各地，为那些身患重病且无法治愈的患者带来数年、数十年甚至一生的益处。)”可知，基因疗法可以提供一次性治疗，为治愈毁灭性疾病带来了希望，并为那些身患重病且无法治愈的患者带来数年、数十年甚至一生的益处。只有C选项“降低医疗保健系统的成本”并不是基因疗法的好处。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Research that benefits low-income countries frequently relies on philanthropic donors with deep pockets, such as the Gates Foundation.(那些惠及低收入国家的研究常常依赖于财力雄厚的慈善捐赠者，比如盖茨基金会。)”可知，那些惠及低收入国家的研究常常依赖于财力雄厚的慈善捐赠者，比如盖茨基金会。这表明盖茨基金会在有益于低收入国家的研究中扮演着重要角色。故选D。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇指出生物学因基础研究取得进展变得更具可编程性，并介绍了两项科学进展，即植物基因改造和基因疗法。在阐述植物基因改造时，提到其能改进植物生产力，可能引发第二次绿色革命；在基因疗法方面，提到可治疗多种致命疾病，给患者带来希望和长期益处，这都体现了这两项生物进展的成就。同时，文章也指出了面临的挑战。对于基因疗法，提到其成本极高，使得医疗保健系统难以负担，限制了其应用推广。选项A“Present the achievements and challenges of two biological advancements.(呈现两项生物进展的成就与挑战)”准确概括了文章的主要内容，既包括植物基因改造和基因疗法的成就，也提到了基因疗法成本高这一挑战。故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Chinese veteran filmmaker Zhang Yimou’s recent comment during an interview about urging audiences to step into cinemas rather than watching three-minute video summaries on their phones has garnered widespread attention on social media. Film critics remarked that finding the right balance between short videos and traditional cinema is crucial. In a recent interview with Xinhua News Agency, renowned director Zhang Yimou expressed his disappointment: “___47___ it’s best not to watch a movie on your phone, and certainly not through a three-minute synopsis. It’s truly disheartening, as a director, to see this.” Zhang’s comment garnered widespread discussion on Sina Weibo on Tuesday, with some netizens agreeing and highlighting the superior experience of watching a film in a theater, while others pushed back, arguing that when the quality of a film falls short, going to the cinema becomes a waste of money and time. Meanwhile, some viewers believe short video summaries serve as a mere primer for them — like an appetizer for the main course, sparking an interest to watch the full film in the theater. “The real issue now is that young people are detached. We need to attract them. ___48___ The key is knowing where to draw the line,” Tan Fei, a renowned movie critic and film producer, said on Wednesday. From Zhang’s calls to action to audience responses, it’s clear that industry professionals must acknowledge the current challenges and the demands of moviegoers. ___49___ Beyond short videos, online gaming, livestreams, vertical dramas, and virtual reality travel experiences are all vying for attention, stealing audiences away from the big screen. “The film industry is in a major crisis, not just domestically but globally,” Tan reflected. “I’ve been following the comments around Zhang’s interview, and it serves as a wake-up call for film professionals. The industry must embrace young people, embrace short videos — this wave is unstoppable. The key is to face it with a positive mindset.” ___50___ This shift isn’t just about technology or trends, but about a fundamental change in how people connect with media. A. As a filmmaker, I still hope that viewers will come to the cinema. B. Today, audience habits and consumption patterns have changed radically. C. Of course, the entry of short videos into the film ecosystem must come with some regulation. D. Sometimes, these summaries do draw in a crowd, but it’s a challenge to strike a perfect balance. E. The film industry is facing the inevitable competition from the onslaught of various forms of entertainment. F. It is only through great films that they can win back audiences and bring them back into theaters, before movies become nothing more than fleeting three-minute summaries. 【答案】47. A 48. D 49. E 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕张艺谋呼吁观众进影院而非看三分钟视频总结一事展开讨论，指出电影行业面临多种娱乐形式竞争，需平衡短视频与传统影院的关系。 【47题详解】 上文“In a recent interview with Xinhua News Agency, renowned director Zhang Yimou expressed his disappointment(在最近接受新华社采访时，著名导演张艺谋表达了他的失望)”表明张艺谋对观众看短视频而非进影院的不满，A选项“As a filmmaker, I still hope that viewers will come to the cinema.(作为一名电影制作人，我仍然希望观众能走进电影院)”符合他的态度，进一步说明他的期望，作为直接引语，句中“I”与上文“director Zhang Yimou”相照应。故选A项。 【48题详解】 上文“The real issue now is that young people are detached. We need to attract them.(现在真正的问题是年轻人的冷漠。我们需要吸引他们)”提出电影要找到吸引年青人的方式，D选项“Sometimes, these summaries do draw in a crowd, but it’s a challenge to strike a perfect balance.(有时，这些讲解短视频确实能吸引人群，但要达到完美的平衡是一个挑战)”给出方法，同时引出达到“平衡”这一观点，与下文“where to draw the line(在什么地方设定界线)”相照应，与上文逻辑连贯。故选D项。 【49题详解】 下文“Beyond short videos, online gaming, livestreams, vertical dramas, and virtual reality travel experiences are all vying for attention, stealing audiences away from the big screen.(除了短视频，在线游戏、直播、竖屏剧和虚拟现实旅游体验都在争夺注意力，把观众从大银幕上吸引走)”列举了多种抢夺电影观众的娱乐形式，E选项“The film industry is facing the inevitable competition from the onslaught of various forms of entertainment.(电影行业正面临着来自各种娱乐形式冲击的不可避免的竞争)”概括了电影行业面临的竞争情况，引出下文。故选E项。 【50题详解】 下文“This shift isn’t just about technology or trends, but about a fundamental change in how people connect with media.(这种转变不仅仅关乎技术或趋势，还关乎人们与媒体互动方式的根本变化)”强调了人们与媒体互动方式的变化，B选项“Today, audience habits and consumption patterns have changed radically.(如今，观众的习惯和消费模式已经发生了根本性的变化)”点明了这种变化，与下文逻辑一致。故选B项。 IV. Translation (10%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets. 51. 我试着深呼吸来缓解焦虑。（relieve） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】I tried taking a deep breath to relieve anxiety. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和不定式。陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“试着做某事”为try doing sth；“深呼吸”为take a deep breath；“来缓解焦虑”为“ to relieve anxiety”作目的状语。故翻译为I tried taking a deep breath to relieve anxiety. 52. 每个国家的独特的艺术形式都反映出其历史、文化和信念。(reflect) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Unique art forms in each country reflect its history, culture and beliefs. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、名词和时态。主语“每个国家的独特的艺术形式”可译为“Unique art forms in each country”，其中介词短语in each country作后置定语；谓语“反映出”用动词reflect，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语art forms是复数名词，谓语用复数形式；宾语“其历史、文化和信念”译为its history, culture and beliefs。综上，全句译为：Unique art forms in each country reflect its history, culture and beliefs. 53. 她收集了1200多份食谱，将其中500份总结在一本意大利食谱合集中。(summarise) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】She collected over 1,200 recipes and summarized 500 of them in an Italian cookbook. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。根据句意，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，“收集”对应collect（谓语动词），“1200多份”译为over 1,200（数量修饰语） ，“食谱”译为recipe，用名词复数形式泛指，“总结”对应summariz（并列谓语动词），“在一本意大利食谱合集中”译为in an Italian cookbook， 时态统一使用一般过去时，并列连词and连接两个动作。故填She collected over 1,200 recipes and summarized 500 of them in an Italian cookbook. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海市顾村中学2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一年级英语学科 I. Listening comprehension (25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At home. B. In his office. C. At school. D. In the meeting room. 2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. D. Customer and shop assistant. 3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English. C. The man should get some sleep. D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late. 4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six. 5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her. C. She didn’t like exercise before. D. Jogging is never part of her life. 6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use the machine. B. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the woman. C. The clerk should have made more copies. D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies. 7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill. C. He wants to be treated there. D. He intends to prepare lunch. 8 A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks. C. She is planning to return to Canada. D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada. 9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colors. C. He chooses both yellow and brown. D. He doesn’t care much about color. 10. A. His wife often complains about everything. B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair. C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice. D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The floor is slick. B. The staircase is steep. C. The passage is narrow. D. The tread is unsteady. 12. A. It disturbs the local people with noises. B. It causes the damage on the pavement. C. It stops people and cars moving freely. D. It prevents people from walking easily. 13. A. It is part of their local heritage. B. It is an attraction of tourists. C. It is the revival of morals. D. It is the miracle of God. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Less than 30 minutes. B. From 30 to 45 minutes. C. At least 45 minutes. D. More than 45 minutes. 15. A. He should show respect for the interviewer. B. He should show confidence in himself. C. He should talk enthusiastically. D. He should be dressed properly. 16 A. Speaking confidently but not aggressively. B. Talking loudly to give a lasting impression. C. Talking a lot about the job. D. Speaking politely and emotionally. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Computer sales negotiation. B. A preliminary interview. C. An Internet seminar meeting. D. A business meeting. 18. A. She managed the sales department. B. She gave seminars on the Internet. C. She worked as a custodian. D. She worked as a seller. 19. A. Java is a Web page authoring program. B. Java is a kind of coffee. C Java is a computer game software. D. Java is very easy to learn. 20. A. He will call Mrs. Taylor in the next few days. B. He will talk ever their discussion with others. C. He will not contact her for further consideration. D. He will employ her at once. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. High Ceilings in Buildings Linked to Poorer Exam Results for Students New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students, ___1___ might sound a bit crazy, but makes more and more sense as you think about it. ___2___ the shape of a room can’t compensate for your lack of revision or make you any smarter than you were before, we do know that the environments we’re in have an effect on us. That includes our ability to concentrate and work on mental tasks. The authors of the study, from the University of South Australia and Deakin University in Australia, suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, are making ___3___ harder for students to focus on what is in front of them. A previous study from some of the same researchers, ___4___ (make) use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing. “We were curious to apply our lab findings to a real-world dataset and see if being in a large space like a gymnasium while having to concentrate on an important task would result in a ___5___ (poor) performance,” says environmental psychologist Isabella Bower from the University of South Australia. The study analyzed exam results from 15,400 students over eight years and across three campuses, referencing their scores against what ___6___ (expect) based on the coursework they’d previously submitted. In exam rooms with elevated ceilings, students tended to underperform ___7___ (compare) to those taking exams in rooms with a ‘standard’ ceiling height, even after accounting tor age, gender, time of year, exam subject, and prior exam experience — other factors that could potentially affect the results. However, ___8___ we can’t yet be sure about is whether the actual dimensions of the room are having an effect, or whether it’s something else related to the environment — like the temperature or humidity inside the space, or even how many other students there are. “These spaces are often designed ___9___ purposes other than examinations, such as gymnasiums, exhibitions, events, and performances,” says Bower. “The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem ___10___ (disadvantage) students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree.” Those are questions that future research can try to find out. It’s clear though that environment matters — and that we might not be giving students the best chance for success by holding exams in rooms that aren’t custom-built for the purpose. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. audiences B. common C. living D. experiencing E. financial F. impossible G. introducing H. launch I. released J. saw K. scenes Hit TV Drama ‘Blossoms’ Drives a New Craze in Shanghai Formerly known as a gastronomy paradise, Shanghai’s Huanghe Road used to be home to over 100 restaurants, many of which served high-end fare that only the rich and famous could afford. But everything started to change in the mid-1990s when a spate of changes sapped the lustre out of this bustling street. New safety regulations, for example, ___11___ the iconic neon signs that gave the street much of its character torn from the buildings. Fried snakes, a delicacy that many intrepid gourmands sought after, were also banned. The Asian ___12___ crisis in the late 1990s and the SARS pandemic in 2003 subsequently resulted in many restaurants closing down. But the area is now ___13___ a revival of sorts, with throngs of people armed with cameras flocking to it in search of nostalgia and historical clues. Wang Yongfen, who has been ___14___ in a shikumen lane house on Huanghe Road for the last 35 years, said she has never seen such crowds before. The reason behind this phenomenon is Blossoms Shanghai, a new television series by Hong Kong director Wong Kar-wai that was ___15___ on December 27, 2023. Adapted from Chinese writer Jin Yucheng’s award-winning novel Fan Hua (Blossoms), the TV series takes ___16___ back to 1990s Shanghai when the city was experiencing unprecedented economic growth and prosperity. “The TV series did a great job in portraying Shanghai in the 1990s. Although the names of the restaurants and shops in the drama were made up, the ___17___ got me reminiscing about the many old-school restaurants and bars here,” said the 60-year-old. “Restaurants here were the pioneers in ___18___ Hong Kong cuisine to the city. Many top chefs from Hong Kong used to work in the restaurants here,” recalled Wang. “Hong Kong dishes quickly became popular as pop songs and movies from Hong Kong were highly sought after here in the 1990s. It was ___19___ to see photos of restaurant owners posing with famous movie stars and singers from Hong Kong.” A security guard surnamed Zhang who works at an office building along the road told China Daily that the area has been overflowing with visitors since the _____20_____ of the new show. III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. How to Give Money to Good Causes It is the season for giving. Nearly two-fifths of Americans tell pollsters that they sign over more of their savings to charity in the holiday season than at any other time of year; more than two-thirds of Britons say they plan to donate money at Christmas. But the labyrinth of charities, good causes and people in need can be as___21___ to navigate as the seasonal family get-together. How to give well? ___22___, the idea that you should treat charitable donations methodically has been tarnished by effective altruism, a movement associated with Sam Bankman-Fried (SBF), a convicted crypto con man who insinuated that his fraudulent enterprise was ultimately all about doing good. Happily, the notion that there is a ___23___ way to give has a long and noble history. Aristotle suggested that___24___ stemmed from correct giving to the right people, in the right amounts, for the right reasons and at the right times. For the modern giver, three considerations could usefully serve as a guide. First should be to observe your own moral ___25___. Giving to rescue dying languages and to save dying children both have an intrinsic value. Religion and philosophy may help you ___26___ their competing claims. But ultimately, how important you find one good cause compared with another is a matter of personal ___27___. Another consideration is how much ___28___ you should allow worthy recipients to choose between different good things for themselves. You might be fired up with the mission to lift up the neediest out of ___29___. But they may prefer to spend your precious money on a funeral for a close friend than to invest in a cow as a source of future ____30____. You need to decide how much to defer to their wishes. This way of thinking helps explain why schemes offering cash transfers have become more popular in recent years. GiveDirectly, which offers such handouts in poor countries, has alone raised over half a billion dollars in the past three years. The third consideration is ____31____. Be it preventing river blindness, improving literacy or doling out cash, some organisations are better than others at getting the job done. However, it is not always possible to know how efficient charities are. Sometimes the dollar gains for each dollar spent are hard to ____32____, if not impossible. How do you quantify whether a programme to support democracy has been successful? If an autocrat ends up in power, you may conclude the effort was futile; then again, you may think it was worth staving off democratic collapse at least for a while. Smaller charities can struggle to collect the data they need to evaluate their work. That does not mean charities that try to solve complex problems or lack data are worse; just that how well they do good is anyone’s ____33____. When you can get evidence about charities’ efficiency, it should ____34____ your calculations. A defined goal, such as digging wells for clean water, should be measurable. So, too, should programmes that promise quick ____35____. Because some charities really do get more done per dollar, whom you give to can matter as much as how much you give. 21. A. easy B. hard C. professional D. efficient 22. A. Unfortunately B. Undoubtedly C. Unexpectedly D. Unusually 23. A. random B. cautious C. wise D. creative 24. A. conflict B. innovation C. equality D. virtue 25. A. supports B. priorities C. standards D. obligations 26. A. demonstrate B. assess C. balance D. interpret 27. A. choice B. relationship C. safety D. space 28. A. time B. money C. risk D. freedom 29. A. control B. poverty C. order D. reach 30. A. income B. inspiration C. challenge D. leadership 31. A. accuracy B. consistency C. efficiency D. tendency 32. A. accept B. understand C. remember D. measure 33. A. chance B. guess C. game D. dream 34. A. check B. preserve C. enter D. perform 35. A. results B. expectations C. deliveries D. recoveries Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Eton, a ten-year-old boy, used to go for a walk with his father every day on a nearby hill. One day the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.” Father agreed. Both of them started running toward hilltop. After running for some time, Father suddenly stopped. Eton asked, “What happened? Why did you stop suddenly? Have you accepted your defeat already?” “No, some pebbles (砾石) got stuck in my shoes. I stopped to remove them.” Father replied. “Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them.” Eton replied. Saying this, the boy ran ahead fast. Father removed pebbles from his shoes and moved ahead. Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease. Gradually, Father came close to him. Seeing his boy. Father shouted from behind, “Why don’t you remove pebbles from your shoes first?” “But I don’t have time for this!” said the boy. In a short white, Father overtook him. Eton’s pain bad increased a lot due to the pricking pebbles and now he was not even able to walk. He stopped there and screamed. “Dad, I can’t run any more.” Father quickly ran back and took off Eton’s shoes and saw that his feet were injured. Father took the boy back home and applied some medicine to the injuries. When pain subsided a bit, he talked to the boy, “Son, I told you to first remove your pebbles and then go on with the race.” “But I want to win the race first,” Eton said. “It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said. 36. What was the underlying reason for Eton’s insistence on not removing the pebbles? A. His overemphasis on the result of winning the race clouded his judgment. B. He firmly wanted to show his father that he could endure the pain. C. He didn’t know the most efficient way to remove the pebbles quickly. D. He was influenced by a competitive environment that valued speed above all. 37. Which of the following best describes the father’s attitude towards the race? A. He was extremely eager to win the race and took it very seriously. B. He thought the race was just a casual activity and didn’t care about the result at all. C. He regarded the race as a way to teach his son a life lesson rather than just a competition. D. He considered the race a precious chance to fully prove his remarkable physical strength. 38. What does “the pebbles stuck in the shoes” symbolize? A. Temporary setbacks that can be overcome with determination. B. Small problems that, if neglected, can grow into major obstacles. C. Hidden dangers that can interrupt one’s journey if not detected early. D. Minor annoyances that should be endured for the sake of a greater goal. 39. Based on the story, what can we infer about Eton’s character? A. He is self-centered and believes he can overcome any obstacle with his own wisdom. B. He is sociable but refuses to listen to anyone’s advice, even when it is clearly beneficial. C. He is lazy and tries to avoid any task that requires extra effort, like removing the pebbles. D. He is highly competitive but lacks the ability to think sensibly in the face of challenges. (B) Grand Canyon National Park is a super popular park in the United States. Every year, around 5.5 million people go to see the Grand Canyon. It is often regarded as one of the Wonders of the World. The “South Rim” Most visitors see the Grand Canyon from the “South Rim”. The “South Rim” is open all year long. It includes: ◆Grand Canyon Village. It can be reached by driving and is served by the Grand Canyon Railway. ◆Scenic Hermit Road west of the village. ◆Desert View Drive east of the village. A free bus system operates on the “South Rim”. Make your visit easier by parking your car at the Visitor Centre and using the free buses to travel around the “South Rim”. The “North Rim” A much smaller number of people see the canyon from the “North Rim” of the park. The “North Rim” has a short season. It has more limited access due to the snow in winter. During winter months, almost all roads are closed to visitors. Even in good weather, the “North Rim” is harder to get to. Fees and passes Admission to Grand Canyon National Park is for seven days and includes both the “North Rim” and the “South Rim”. ■Vehicle Pass: $35 For one single vehicle and all its passengers. ■Motorcycle Pass: $30 For one single motorcycle and its passenger(s). ■Individual Pass: $20 For one individual when entering by bicycle, bus, the Grand Canyon Railway or on foot. Admission is free for individuals 15 years old and younger. ■2024 Annual Pass: $70 Valid for 12 months from the date of purchase, for unlimited visits to the park. 40. Which of the following is true about the “South Rim”? A. The Grand Canyon Village is reachable by both driving and the Grand Canyon Railway. B. The Scenic Hermit Road, located west of Grand Canyon Village, is accessible only by hiking. C. The free bus on the South Rim can directly take visitors to the viewpoints on the North Rim. D. The restaurants near the Visitor Centre on the South Rim are open all night to serve tourists. 41. Why does the “North Rim” have a short season? A. Because the park management wants to save money on maintenance. B. Because the snow in winter poses difficulties for people to access it. C. Because the local government restricts the opening time to protect the environment. D. Because the South Rim attracts most of the visitors, leaving the North Rim with less business. 42. If a family of four drives to the Grand Canyon National Park, how much should they pay for the admission? A. $20. B. $30. C. $35. D. $80. (C) Thanks to great strides in fundamental research, biology is becoming ever more programmable. Two recent scientific advances show just how powerful the possibilities could be. The genetic modification of plants is allowing the mechanism of photosynthesis to be tinkered with, as research published in Science on August 18th sets out. This could lead to dramatic improvements in the productivity of plants, and eventually to a second green revolution. Tweaking the genes of people who suffer from fatal incurable diseases, meanwhile, has also had remarkable results. A series of genetic therapies has arrived, or is arriving, in clinics to treat blood cancers, spinal muscular atrophy, haemophilia and sickle-cell disease. The task now is to spread these gains far and wide. The consequences of both advances could be momentous. The genetic modification of crops promises cheaper, more nutritious and more climate-resilient food for a hungry planet. Genetic therapies offer the hope of curing devastating diseases. They also allow for one-time treatments that can be transported to the four corners of the Earth, bringing years, decades or a lifetime of benefits to the seriously and incurably ill. Imagine a cure for aids or sickle-cell disease that could be taken to the continent of Africa or across the Middle East. The accompanying benefits would be similar to the eradication of smallpox. This tantalising promise has been made possible by a prodigious investment in fundamental research over the years. Basic knowledge of genetics and the functions and structures of proteins has proved to be a motor for discovery across medicine and agriculture. The private sector, to be sure, plays an essential role in the cycle of innovation. But these advances are a reminder that investment by governments and charities is crucial in areas that offer little commercial benefit in the short term, but which in the long term promise to greatly advance well-being. Much of the success in treating rare diseases is a consequence of the efforts of charities, often thanks to fundraising by patients and their families. Research that benefits low-income countries frequently relies on philanthropic donors with deep pockets, such as the Gates Foundation. The investments made in fundamental science today yield the productivity gains of tomorrow. Unfortunately, there is no guarantee that these gains will be realized. Gene therapies are a remarkable technical accomplishment. But their current enormous cost — often well over $ l m to treat a single person — makes them hard for health-care systems to afford, even when they are reserved for fatal rare genetic diseases. The idea of using them to treat more prevalent conditions looks prohibitively pricey. 43. What does the research published in Science on August 18th focus on? A. The treatment of blood cancers. B. The genetic modification of plants. C. The improvement of genetic therapies. D. The spread of the gains in biology. 44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of genetic therapies? A. Offering one-time treatments. B. Curing some fatal incurable diseases. C. Reducing the cost of health care systems. D. Bringing long-term benefits to the seriously all. 45. Who plays an important role in the research benefiting low-income countries? A. The private sector. B. Patients and their families. C. Health-care systems. D. The Gates Foundation. 46. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Present the achievements and challenges of two biological advancements. B. Emphasize the importance of fundamental research in all scientific fields. C. Compare the genetic modification of plants and genetic therapies in terms of cost. D. Analyze the cost-effectiveness of genetic therapies and plant genetic modification. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Chinese veteran filmmaker Zhang Yimou’s recent comment during an interview about urging audiences to step into cinemas rather than watching three-minute video summaries on their phones has garnered widespread attention on social media. Film critics remarked that finding the right balance between short videos and traditional cinema is crucial. In a recent interview with Xinhua News Agency, renowned director Zhang Yimou expressed his disappointment: “___47___ it’s best not to watch a movie on your phone, and certainly not through a three-minute synopsis. It’s truly disheartening, as a director, to see this.” Zhang’s comment garnered widespread discussion on Sina Weibo on Tuesday, with some netizens agreeing and highlighting the superior experience of watching a film in a theater, while others pushed back, arguing that when the quality of a film falls short, going to the cinema becomes a waste of money and time. Meanwhile, some viewers believe short video summaries serve as a mere primer for them — like an appetizer for the main course, sparking an interest to watch the full film in the theater. “The real issue now is that young people are detached. We need to attract them. ___48___ The key is knowing where to draw the line,” Tan Fei, a renowned movie critic and film producer, said on Wednesday. From Zhang’s calls to action to audience responses, it’s clear that industry professionals must acknowledge the current challenges and the demands of moviegoers. ___49___ Beyond short videos, online gaming, livestreams, vertical dramas, and virtual reality travel experiences are all vying for attention, stealing audiences away from the big screen. “The film industry is in a major crisis, not just domestically but globally,” Tan reflected. “I’ve been following the comments around Zhang’s interview, and it serves as a wake-up call for film professionals. The industry must embrace young people, embrace short videos — this wave is unstoppable. The key is to face it with a positive mindset.” ___50___ This shift isn’t just about technology or trends but about a fundamental change in how people connect with media. A. As a filmmaker, I still hope that viewers will come to the cinema. B. Today, audience habits and consumption patterns have changed radically. C. Of course, the entry of short videos into the film ecosystem must come with some regulation. D. Sometimes these summaries do draw in a crowd, but it’s a challenge to strike a perfect balance. E. The film industry is facing the inevitable competition from the onslaught of various forms of entertainment. F. It is only through great films that they can win back audiences and bring them back into theaters, before movies become nothing more than fleeting three-minute summaries. IV. Translation (10%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word given in the brackets. 51. 我试着深呼吸来缓解焦虑。（relieve） （汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 52. 每个国家的独特的艺术形式都反映出其历史、文化和信念。(reflect) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 53. 她收集了1200多份食谱，将其中500份总结在一本意大利食谱合集中。(summarise) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $