精品解析：江苏省常州市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2025年春学期高二期中质量调研 英语试卷 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman look tired? A. She walked a long distance. B. She did too much housework. C. She played tennis after school. 2. Why does the man refuse the cola? A. He dislikes the taste. B. He needs to lose weight. C. He doesn’t want to be sleepless. 3. What is the man doing? A. Placing an order. B. Complaining about an item. C. Asking about a delivery service. 4. What does the man think is most needed to succeed? A. Luck. B. Talent. C. Effort. 5. How did the woman get to Canada? A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What relation is the man to the woman? A. Her husband. B. Her boss. C. Her co-worker. 7 What does the woman think of making small talk? A. Easy. B. Impolite. C. Time-wasting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Reserving a room. B. Checking into a hotel. C. Packing her luggage. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Walk in a park. B. Have dinner. C. Go to bank. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How did the man learn about the apartment? A. In the newspaper. B. From his friend. C. Through the Internet. 11. What is covered in the rent? A. Gas. B. Electricity. C. Water. 12. When can the man move in? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How did the man notice the problem first? A. His bank called him. B. His bill showed him. C. His credit card was stolen. 14. What do the bank do to fix the problem? A They give the man his money back at once. B. They decide to talk to the bank’s manager. C. They ask the man to provide the evidence. 15. What might have caused the problem according to the man? A. Unsafe website. B. Overdue debt. C. Improper download. 16. What do the two speakers mainly talk about? A. Shopping habits. B. Money management. C. Information safety. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A A tour guide. B. A TV host. C. A radio host. 18. How long will Castle Howard be open? A. For about 5 months. B. For about 6 months. C. For about 7 months. 19. What can tourists see in the Dining Room? A. Old china. B. New air-conditioners. C. Fascinating paintings. 20. Why does the speaker suggest families go to Castle Howard? A. The food is delicious. B. The price is attractive. C. The grounds are large. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The Galapagos Islands are a World Heritage Site due to its status as a “living museum” with a huge amount of life. So visitors have a highly important role to play when it comes to keeping this unique “current of life” flowing. ·Flash photography is not allowed The sun-kissed shores will provide you with the natural light you need to take the best vacation photos. Besides, flash photography might cause wildlife to leave its nest. ·Explore with an authorized guide They will be responsible for your safety as well as the conservation of every fragile site you visit. ·Keep a distance of at least 6 feet from the wildlife This is the only way to guarantee both your safety and the animals’ wellbeing. The relationship between the wildlife and visitors will most likely make you smile. ·Throw all rubbish in the designated containers Throwing in the wrong container or just around on the ground is out of the question. It brings disturbing consequences for the local ecosystem. ·Do not purchase souvenirs made from plants and animals In economy, there’s the law of supply and demand. If there’s no demand, the production of any product stops happening, and that’s exactly what authorities are trying to do with souvenirs made out of banned plants and animals in Galapagos! ·Motorized water entertaining vehicles are not allowed As a result of just how beautiful and delicate the underwater environment is, these types of vehicles may scare the animals away or, even worse, harm them. 1. What are visitors encouraged to do in the Galapagos Islands? A. Use flash for photography if necessary. B. Ride water vehicles with guides. C. Throw rubbish in the nearest containers. D. Respect wildlife’s personal space. 2. Why are visitors advised not to buy souvenirs made from plants and animals? A. It encourages illegal production. B. The souvenirs are of low quality. C. The souvenirs may carry diseases. D. It leaves souvenirs in short supply. 3. Where can you probably find the text? A. In an official report. B. In a popular magazine. C. In a tourist guidebook. D. In a travel advertisement. B Holding a cloth snake, 7-year-old Chen Kaiming, made a remarkable appearance as the lead dancer during the opening performance of the 2025 Spring Festival Gala. His performance brought the Yingge dance, the over 300-year-old intangible cultural heritage (非遗), back into the national spotlight. The Yingge dance is a folk art form that began in Guangdong Province, combining elements of opera, dance and martial arts. Its performances are inspired by the story of The Water Margin (水浒传). Set during the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the novel tells the story of 108 outlaws who gather at the Liangshan Marsh to fight against cruel rulers. The Yingge dance uses the dancers’ movements, costumes and facial makeup to express the heroic spirit of upholding justice and fighting evil. Holding a cloth snake, the lead dancer copies the snake’s dance. His graceful steps and gestures guide the team's direction, rhythm and formation. Each dancer adopts a horse-riding stance (姿势), leaping sideways while striking the sticks to the rhythm of the drums. In 2006, Puning Yingge dance was recognized as part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage. To train the next generation of dancers, Chen Laifa challenged the traditional norms that restricted participation to adult men by launching the “Yingge Dance in Schools” initiative. This program introduced the art form to primary and secondary schools, and even kindergartens. The initiative has been well-received by parents, who believe it not only improves children’s physical fitness but also reduces their reliance on electronic devices. Also, Yingge dance has embraced innovations in both its form and content. For example, the performance during the 2025 Spring Festival Gala kept the essence of the traditional dance while including modern dance elements, making it more appealing to contemporary audiences. This year, Yingge dance teams from Guangdong were also invited to perform on overseas stages as part of Spring Festival celebrations. “The preservation of intangible cultural heritage requires not only the passing down of skills but also innovation that keeps up with the times,” said Lin Lunlun, former President of Hanshan Normal University. 4. What aspect of the Yingge dance does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its origin. B. Its significance. C. Its development. D. Its legend. 5. Why did Chen Laifa launch the “Yingge Dance in Schools” initiative? A. To enrich children’s school life. B. To engage younger generations. C To promote international recognition. D. To modernize the traditional dance. 6. Why does the author mention the 2025 Spring Festival Gala in Paragraph 5? A. To show the Yingge dance’s popularity. B. To give examples of government’s efforts. C. To compare traditional and modern dances. D. To illustrate innovations in the Yingge dance. 7. Which of the following would be the best title? A. Heroic Rhythms: The Severe Crisis of Yingge Dance B. Ancient Battles Reborn: The Martial Roots of Yingge Dance C. Dancing through Dynasties: The Renewal of Yingge Dance D. From Guangdong to the World: The Global Journey of Yingge Dance C A decade ago, humanity launched around 200 objects into space per year. Now we launch more than 2,600, with no sign of slowing down. This rapid expansion of human activity in outer space has filled Earth orbit with space trash (垃圾), from dead satellites to used-up rocket parts. Currently there are more than 25,000 pieces of trackable human-made trash orbiting Earth. The more we put up there, the greater the chance that pieces of debris (碎片) will strike working spacecraft, creating even more dangerous trash. The disastrous crash in 2009 between the dead Russian satellite Cosmos 2251 and the operational Iridium satellite, for example, generated nearly 2,000 pieces of debris. Orbital space is a limited resource, and it’s rapidly being consumed by a few organizations, notably Space X, One Web and Amazon’s Project Kuiper. Space X, for instance, aims to launch tens of thousands more satellites to provide global broadband Internet coverage. If we keep up this pace, orbital space will become unusable — especially low Earth orbit (LEO). If so, we may lose services we’ve come to rely on: continuous communications, GPS mapping, Internet, Earth monitoring, and more. Today nearly every satellite that is launched is equal to a piece of single-use plastic, in that it is to become debris. We are giving everyone free access without global organization and planning, which means eventually no one may be able to use it. As we continue to push the boundaries of space exploration and commercialization, there is a growing movement to rethink our approach to using the space environment — to move to a strategy anchored in sound waste-management principles. I believe we must leave behind our “linear space economy,” where we use and abandon, and move toward a “circular space economy” — a way to use space that emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and efficient management of space resources. Just as we are considering how to preserve ecosystems on Earth for future living creatures, we must think of space as an environment worthy of preservation. In fact, reforming how we operate in space is critical for Earth conservation. 8. What is the main concern about the current use of orbital space? A. The high costs of launching satellites. B. The space race among countries. C. The decreasing usable orbital space. D. The risk of crash between debris. 9. Why does the author compare launched satellites to “single-use plastic” in Paragraph 4? A. They pollute Earth’s environment. B. They are abandoned as trash after use. C. They are inexpensive to produce. D. They are designed for short-term missions. 10. What solution does the author suggest to the problem of space debris? A. Using space resources sustainably. B. Relocating all satellites to higher orbits. C. Banning all commercial satellite launches. D. Prioritizing Earth conservation over space exploration. 11. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To raise a question. B. To make a comparison. C. To make an appeal. D. To inspire more thoughts. D If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might eat it. But what if they also offered to give you $2? You might politely decline, thinking “Something smells fishy.” A recent study found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” because they seem “too good to be true.” The researchers bridge economics and psychology to explain why encouraging specific actions by offering money can boomerang. In the initial experiment, nearly 40% of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20% of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine that someone did something bad to the cookie,” says the study lead Andrew J. Vonasch. Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other situations. These included shockingly high wages for a construction job, and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, higher financial gain reduced participants’ likelihood of accepting the offer. Vonasch says the results are contrary to the “standard economic model,” which supposes that humans always seek to maximize gains. Deals, he argues, need to be viewed as social interactions between people trying to understand each other’s minds. If someone seems to go against accepted rules such as self-interest without explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom (幻影) costs.” This term refers to imagined consequences that reduce the extent to which it allows the receiver to feel better. We fear the future consequences of others’ seeming overgenerosity, which could help explain people’s unwillingness. Another experiment found that high scorers on measures of distrust inferred more phantom costs. The researchers also showed how to reduce the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people this fact made them more willing to take these seats because it was a sufficient explanation.” The scientists are also experimenting with robot and Al interactions. “If AI is overly generous, will people imagine phantom costs?” Vonasch says. “People tend to treat A I as if it has a mind, when obviously it doesn’t.” 12. What does the underlined word “boomerang” in Paragragh 2 mean? A. Bring immediate success. B. Draw public attention. C. Produce unintended results. D. Be completely ignored. 13. What does the term “phantom costs” imply? A. If you’re less selfish, you will feel better. B. People tend to maximize economic gains. C. If it sounds too good to be true it probably is. D. People favor future returns over instant benefits. 14. What does the “cheap flights” experiment demonstrate? A. People prefer cheaper options. B. Providing a reason reduces distrust. C. Distrust increases phantom costs. D. People like overly generous offers. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. AI is more trustworthy than humans. B. People trust and accept AI’s offers readily. C. AI’s lack of a mind removes people’s distrust. D. People may still infer AI’s hidden intentions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 Green-eyed monster It is all too human to feel envious of others’ success, but what can we do when those feelings threaten to overcome us? The obvious solution would be to avoid comparing ourselves to the people around us. ____16____ Humans are social creatures, and our standing within a group would have serious consequences for our welfare. As a result, we unavoidably use others as a measure of our success. This can kill satisfaction we’ve gained from our achievements. ____17____ The relative ranking of people’s earnings, compared with friends or coworkers, matters more for life satisfaction than how much they earn. This is the same case in other aspects like education or intelligence. It is how we match up to others that shapes how good we feel about ourselves. Envy may be worsened by a “focusing illusion (幻想)”. ____18____ We imagine that our successful friend is living in a constant state of joy, and forget that they have to face everyday difficulties like an argument with their partner or the death of a pet. In one study, participants were asked to imagine a peer with a desirable life. Simply reminding them of the “small annoyances” this person regularly faced significantly reduced their envy. ____19____ Realizing this should make us think twice about wishing ourselves in another’s shoes. When we are feeling bitter, we might also interpret others’ achievements as evidence that our own goals are achievable. Try remembering all the things within your control, and make a step-by-step plan of how you might achieve that. ____20____ We may never escape social comparison. When life gives us sour grapes, however, we can choose to make wine from those momentarily bitter fruits. A. But that is easier said than done. B. It refers to a habit of focusing on our failures. C. So we can’t help envying friends’ promotion. D. We can see this in how people think of their income. E. It describes fixing on a single aspect of someone’s life. F. We can never know what emotional problems someone may have. G. In this sense, feeling envious will motivate you to take positive actions. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I bought a house four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, ____21____ to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was ____22____, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much ____23____ gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil. Now, it was neither practical nor ____24____ possible to replace this vast quantity of dirt. ____25____, I decided to repair what I already had. The ____26____ before me was to restore the soil’s vitality. I tried to apply two methods: minimizing soil disturbance and ____27____ biodiversity. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a wildflower field and vegetables beds. I let plants grow in a ____28____ way. I also introduced different plants, breathing new life into its ____29____ communities. In May, I decided to _____30_____ a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life _____31_____. Earth worms (蚯蚓) swung from the roots. A daddy long legs (长脚蜘蛛) _____32_____ for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium (真菌菌丝). Running my fingers through the soil, I understood clearly that I _____33_____ much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a(n) _____34_____ for life, but as a living thing in its own right. It has a capacity for active _____35_____. It grows. It breathes. And it can die. 21. A. offering B. managing C. intending D. hesitating 22. A. unstable B. unreliable C. unnoticed D. unproductive 23. A. smaller B. brighter C. prettier D. older 24. A. academically B. socially C. financially D. mentally 25. A. Additionally B. Likewise C. Otherwise D. Therefore 26. A. puzzle B. challenge C. conflict D. guidance 27. A. monitoring B. prioritizing C. reducing D. assessing 28. A. friendly B. careful C. decent D. natural 29. A. local B. ecological C. rural D. economical 30. A. relocate B. recover C. renew D. rewater 31. A. revealed B. emerged C. suffered D. disappeared 32. A. called B. waited C. arrived D. hurried 33. A. developed B. maintained C. transformed D. facilitated 34. A. essence B. virtue C. medium D. milestone 35. A. self-awareness B. self-discipline C. self-satisfaction D. self-preservation 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Parthenon is a grand temple located on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. Built in the fifth century BC, it stands as ____36____ (prove) of ancient Greece’s cultural and artistic accomplishments. In particular, its ____37____ (harmony) proportions (比例) and careful attention to detail highlight the Greeks’ dedication to perfection. One of the Parthenon’s most notable features was the sculptures that decorated ____38____ (it) outside. These images brought forth scenes from Greek history and mythology (神话), ____39____ (demonstrate) the Greeks’ excellent ability to tell stories through art. Inside the temple, a twelve-meter-tall statue of Athena was sculpted out of wood and covered in gold and ivory. The Parthenon ____40____ (use) as a Christian church starting in the sixth century, and later changed into a mosque (清真寺) in the fifteenth century. This lasted until 1687, ____41____ a war broke out and left the building in ruins. Between 1800 and 1803, Thomas Bruce, ____42____ art collector and British diplomat, removed some of the Parthenon’s sculptures and sent them to London, where they can still be seen today in the British Museum. The rest remain in the Acropolis Museum, which hopes to reclaim the ____43____ (lose) sculptures and complete the story. ____44____ its partial destruction, the Parthenon remains a source of inspiration for architects and artists worldwide. As an architectural miracle that ____45____ (stand) the test of time for centuries, the Parthenon will doubtless continue to arouse wonder and admiration for many years to come. 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，是校英语报的记者，上周你校组织了“以史为鉴，对话古今”（Learning from History: A Dialogue Between Past and Present）为主题的读书周活动。请你写一篇报道介绍一下这次活动，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 History Made Alive Through Reading _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Billy Ray Harris was a homeless man who spent his days on the streets of Kansas City, begging for money to buy food and, if he was lucky, a bed for the night. Life had not been kind to him, and each day was a struggle to survive. As he sat on the sidewalk, holding his cup, he would often reflect on his past and wonder how he had ended up in such a difficult situation. The sound of coins clinking (叮当) into his cup was a small comfort, a reminder that there were still kind people in the world who cared enough to help him get through another day. One morning, as Billy sat in his usual spot, he heard the familiar sound of coins dropping into his cup. But this time, the noise was louder than usual. If he had looked up, he’d have seen a young lady on her way to work. But he didn’t. She was in a hurry and didn’t realize that, along with some change, she had accidentally dropped her diamond ring into Billy’s cup. It wasn’t until later, when Billy finally looked into his cup, that he noticed something unusual. Among the coins was a shiny diamond ring. He picked it up and examined it closely, hardly believing his eyes. It was a beautiful ring, and he knew it must be worth a lot of money. Billy’s first thought was to take the ring to a jeweler and sell it. He did just that, and to his astonishment, the jeweler offered him $4,000 for it. This was more money than Billy had seen in years. He could use the money to change his life — buy food, rent a room, maybe even start over. But as he stood there, holding the ring, he thought about his grandfather, who had always brought him up to do the right thing, and knew he had to reconsider. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a long and difficult internal struggle, Billy made up his mind. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The woman was touched by Billy’s act of honesty and decided to help him. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年春学期高二期中质量调研 英语试卷 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why does the woman look tired? A. She walked a long distance. B. She did too much housework. C. She played tennis after school. 2. Why does the man refuse the cola? A. He dislikes the taste. B. He needs to lose weight. C. He doesn’t want to be sleepless. 3. What is the man doing? A. Placing an order. B. Complaining about an item. C. Asking about a delivery service. 4. What does the man think is most needed to succeed? A. Luck. B. Talent. C. Effort. 5. How did the woman get to Canada? A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What relation is the man to the woman? A. Her husband. B. Her boss. C. Her co-worker. 7. What does the woman think of making small talk? A. Easy. B. Impolite. C. Time-wasting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Reserving a room. B. Checking into a hotel. C. Packing her luggage. 9. What will the woman do next? A. Walk in a park. B. Have dinner. C. Go to bank. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How did the man learn about the apartment? A. In the newspaper. B. From his friend. C. Through the Internet. 11. What is covered in the rent? A. Gas. B. Electricity. C. Water. 12. When can the man move in? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How did the man notice the problem first? A. His bank called him. B. His bill showed him. C. His credit card was stolen. 14. What do the bank do to fix the problem? A. They give the man his money back at once. B. They decide to talk to the bank’s manager. C. They ask the man to provide the evidence. 15. What might have caused the problem according to the man? A. Unsafe website. B. Overdue debt. C. Improper download. 16. What do the two speakers mainly talk about? A. Shopping habits. B. Money management. C. Information safety. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A tour guide. B. A TV host. C. A radio host. 18. How long will Castle Howard be open? A. For about 5 months. B. For about 6 months. C. For about 7 months. 19. What can tourists see in the Dining Room? A Old china. B. New air-conditioners. C. Fascinating paintings. 20. Why does the speaker suggest families go to Castle Howard? A. The food is delicious. B. The price is attractive. C. The grounds are large. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The Galapagos Islands are a World Heritage Site due to its status as a “living museum” with a huge amount of life. So visitors have a highly important role to play when it comes to keeping this unique “current of life” flowing. ·Flash photography is not allowed The sun-kissed shores will provide you with the natural light you need to take the best vacation photos. Besides, flash photography might cause wildlife to leave its nest. ·Explore with an authorized guide They will be responsible for your safety as well as the conservation of every fragile site you visit. ·Keep a distance of at least 6 feet from the wildlife This is the only way to guarantee both your safety and the animals’ wellbeing. The relationship between the wildlife and visitors will most likely make you smile. ·Throw all rubbish in the designated containers Throwing in the wrong container or just around on the ground is out of the question. It brings disturbing consequences for the local ecosystem. ·Do not purchase souvenirs made from plants and animals In economy, there’s the law of supply and demand. If there’s no demand, the production of any product stops happening, and that’s exactly what authorities are trying to do with souvenirs made out of banned plants and animals in Galapagos! ·Motorized water entertaining vehicles are not allowed As a result of just how beautiful and delicate the underwater environment is, these types of vehicles may scare the animals away or, even worse, harm them. 1. What are visitors encouraged to do in the Galapagos Islands? A. Use flash for photography if necessary. B. Ride water vehicles with guides. C. Throw rubbish in the nearest containers. D. Respect wildlife’s personal space. 2. Why are visitors advised not to buy souvenirs made from plants and animals? A. It encourages illegal production. B. The souvenirs are of low quality. C. The souvenirs may carry diseases. D. It leaves souvenirs in short supply. 3. Where can you probably find the text? A. In an official report. B. In a popular magazine. C. In a tourist guidebook. D. In a travel advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章以游客为对象，明确列出参观加拉帕戈斯群岛时的行为规范（如禁止闪光灯、保持距离等）。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据·Keep a distance of at least 6 feet from the wildlife(与野生动物保持至少6英尺的距离)部分“This is the only way to guarantee both your safety and the animals’ wellbeing. The relationship between the wildlife and visitors will most likely make you smile.(这是保证你的安全和动物健康的唯一方法。野生动物和游客之间的关系很可能会让你微笑)”可知，加拉帕戈斯群岛鼓励游客尊重野生动物的私人空间。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In economy, there’s the law of supply and demand. If there’s no demand, the production of any product stops happening, and that’s exactly what authorities are trying to do with souvenirs made out of banned plants and animals in Galapagos!(在经济中，有供需规律。如果没有需求，任何产品的生产都将停止，而这正是当局试图用加拉帕戈斯群岛被禁动植物制成的纪念品所做的事情！)”可知，游客不应购买动植物制成的纪念品是因为它会鼓励非法生产。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The Galapagos Islands are a World Heritage Site due to its status as a “living museum” with a huge amount of life. So visitors have a highly important role to play when it comes to keeping this unique “current of life” flowing.(加拉帕戈斯群岛是世界遗产，因为它是一个拥有大量生命的“活博物馆”。因此，在保持这种独特的“生活之流”流动方面，游客扮演着非常重要的角色)”以及文章内容可知，本文以游客为对象，明确列出参观加拉帕戈斯群岛时的行为规范（如禁止闪光灯、保持距离等）。从而推知，文章选自在旅游指南。故选C。 B Holding a cloth snake, 7-year-old Chen Kaiming, made a remarkable appearance as the lead dancer during the opening performance of the 2025 Spring Festival Gala. His performance brought the Yingge dance, the over 300-year-old intangible cultural heritage (非遗), back into the national spotlight. The Yingge dance is a folk art form that began in Guangdong Province, combining elements of opera, dance and martial arts. Its performances are inspired by the story of The Water Margin (水浒传). Set during the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the novel tells the story of 108 outlaws who gather at the Liangshan Marsh to fight against cruel rulers. The Yingge dance uses the dancers’ movements, costumes and facial makeup to express the heroic spirit of upholding justice and fighting evil. Holding a cloth snake, the lead dancer copies the snake’s dance. His graceful steps and gestures guide the team's direction, rhythm and formation. Each dancer adopts a horse-riding stance (姿势), leaping sideways while striking the sticks to the rhythm of the drums. In 2006, Puning Yingge dance was recognized as part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage. To train the next generation of dancers, Chen Laifa challenged the traditional norms that restricted participation to adult men by launching the “Yingge Dance in Schools” initiative. This program introduced the art form to primary and secondary schools, and even kindergartens. The initiative has been well-received by parents, who believe it not only improves children’s physical fitness but also reduces their reliance on electronic devices. Also, Yingge dance has embraced innovations in both its form and content. For example, the performance during the 2025 Spring Festival Gala kept the essence of the traditional dance while including modern dance elements, making it more appealing to contemporary audiences. This year, Yingge dance teams from Guangdong were also invited to perform on overseas stages as part of Spring Festival celebrations. “The preservation of intangible cultural heritage requires not only the passing down of skills but also innovation that keeps up with the times,” said Lin Lunlun, former President of Hanshan Normal University. 4. What aspect of the Yingge dance does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its origin. B. Its significance. C. Its development. D. Its legend. 5. Why did Chen Laifa launch the “Yingge Dance in Schools” initiative? A. To enrich children’s school life. B. To engage younger generations. C. To promote international recognition. D. To modernize the traditional dance. 6. Why does the author mention the 2025 Spring Festival Gala in Paragraph 5? A. To show the Yingge dance’s popularity. B. To give examples of government’s efforts. C. To compare traditional and modern dances. D. To illustrate innovations in the Yingge dance. 7. Which of the following would be the best title? A. Heroic Rhythms: The Severe Crisis of Yingge Dance B. Ancient Battles Reborn: The Martial Roots of Yingge Dance C. Dancing through Dynasties: The Renewal of Yingge Dance D. From Guangdong to the World: The Global Journey of Yingge Dance 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英歌舞的历史传承，以及在传承中不断发展和更新。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The Yingge dance is a folk art form that began in Guangdong Province, combining elements of opera, dance and martial arts. Its performances are inspired by the story of The Water Margin (水浒传). (英歌舞是一种起源于广东省的民间艺术形式，结合了戏曲、舞蹈和武术的元素。它的表演灵感来自《水浒传》的故事。)”可知，本段讲了英歌舞的起源，故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To train the next generation of dancers, Chen Laifa challenged the traditional norms that restricted participation to adult men by launching the “Yingge Dance in Schools” initiative. (为了培养下一代舞者，Chen Laifa发起了“学校英歌”倡议，挑战了只有成年男性才能参与的传统规范。)” 可知，Chen Laifa发起“英歌舞进校园”倡议是为了培养下一代舞者，也就是让年轻一代参与到英歌舞中来。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Also, Yingge dance has embraced innovations in both its form and content. For example, the performance during the 2025 Spring Festival Gala kept the essence of the traditional dance while including modern dance elements, making it more appealing to contemporary audiences. (此外，英歌舞在形式和内容上都有创新。例如，2025年春晚期间的表演保留了传统舞蹈的精髓，同时加入了现代舞元素，使其更能吸引当代观众。)” 可推断，通过2025年春晚的例子来说明英歌舞在形式和内容上的创新。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。 通读全文，可知文章主要讲述了有着 300多年历史的非物质文化遗产英歌舞，介绍了它的起源、表演形式，以及为了传承它所做的努力，包括“英歌舞进校园”倡议和在形式与内容上的创新等，体现了英歌舞在传承中不断发展和更新。所以C选项“穿越朝代的舞蹈：英歌舞的复兴”符合文章大意，适合作标题，故选C。 C A decade ago, humanity launched around 200 objects into space per year. Now we launch more than 2,600, with no sign of slowing down. This rapid expansion of human activity in outer space has filled Earth orbit with space trash (垃圾), from dead satellites to used-up rocket parts. Currently there are more than 25,000 pieces of trackable human-made trash orbiting Earth. The more we put up there, the greater the chance that pieces of debris (碎片) will strike working spacecraft, creating even more dangerous trash. The disastrous crash in 2009 between the dead Russian satellite Cosmos 2251 and the operational Iridium satellite, for example, generated nearly 2,000 pieces of debris. Orbital space is a limited resource, and it’s rapidly being consumed by a few organizations, notably Space X, One Web and Amazon’s Project Kuiper. Space X, for instance, aims to launch tens of thousands more satellites to provide global broadband Internet coverage. If we keep up this pace, orbital space will become unusable — especially low Earth orbit (LEO). If so, we may lose services we’ve come to rely on: continuous communications, GPS mapping, Internet, Earth monitoring, and more. Today nearly every satellite that is launched is equal to a piece of single-use plastic, in that it is to become debris. We are giving everyone free access without global organization and planning, which means eventually no one may be able to use it. As we continue to push the boundaries of space exploration and commercialization, there is a growing movement to rethink our approach to using the space environment — to move to a strategy anchored in sound waste-management principles. I believe we must leave behind our “linear space economy,” where we use and abandon, and move toward a “circular space economy” — a way to use space that emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and efficient management of space resources. Just as we are considering how to preserve ecosystems on Earth for future living creatures, we must think of space as an environment worthy of preservation. In fact, reforming how we operate in space is critical for Earth conservation. 8. What is the main concern about the current use of orbital space? A. The high costs of launching satellites. B. The space race among countries. C. The decreasing usable orbital space. D. The risk of crash between debris. 9. Why does the author compare launched satellites to “single-use plastic” in Paragraph 4? A. They pollute Earth’s environment. B. They are abandoned as trash after use. C. They are inexpensive to produce. D. They are designed for short-term missions. 10 What solution does the author suggest to the problem of space debris? A. Using space resources sustainably. B. Relocating all satellites to higher orbits. C. Banning all commercial satellite launches. D. Prioritizing Earth conservation over space exploration. 11. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To raise a question. B. To make a comparison. C. To make an appeal. D. To inspire more thoughts. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了轨道空间垃圾问题及其可持续利用的必要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Orbital space is a limited resource, and it’s rapidly being consumed by a few organizations, notably Space X, One Web and Amazon’s Project Kuiper. (轨道空间是一种有限的资源，且正迅速被少数组织消耗殆尽，其中尤其以SpaceX、OneWeb和亚马逊的“柯伊伯计划”最为突出)”以及第四段中“If we keep up this pace, orbital space will become unusable—especially low Earth orbit (LEO). (如果我们继续这个速度，轨道空间将变得无法使用——尤其是近地轨道（LEO）)”可知，当前使用轨道空间的主要担忧是可用的轨道空间正在减少。故选C。 9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Today nearly every satellite that is launched is equal to a piece of single-use plastic, in that it is to become debris. (今天，几乎每一颗发射的卫星都等同于一块一次性塑料，因为它最终会成为碎片)”可知，作者将发射的卫星比作“一次性塑料”，是因为它们在使用后被当作垃圾丢弃。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I believe we must leave behind our “linear space economy,” where we use and abandon, and move toward a “circular space economy” — a way to use space that emphasizes the reuse, recycling, and efficient management of space resources. (我认为，我们必须摒弃那种“线性空间经济”——即使用后就丢弃的模式，转而走向一种“循环空间经济”——一种强调空间资源的再利用、回收和高效管理的空间利用方式)”可知，作者建议通过可持续地利用空间资源来解决空间碎片问题。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as we are considering how to preserve ecosystems on Earth for future living creatures, we must think of space as an environment worthy of preservation. In fact, reforming how we operate in space is critical for Earth conservation. (正如我们在考虑如何保护地球上的生态系统以供未来生物生存一样，我们必须将空间视为一个值得保护的环境。事实上，改革我们在太空中的运作方式对地球保护至关重要)”可知，最后一段的目的是发出呼吁，呼吁人们重视空间环境的保护。故选C。 D If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might eat it. But what if they also offered to give you $2? You might politely decline, thinking “Something smells fishy.” A recent study found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” because they seem “too good to be true.” The researchers bridge economics and psychology to explain why encouraging specific actions by offering money can boomerang. In the initial experiment, nearly 40% of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20% of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine that someone did something bad to the cookie,” says the study lead Andrew J. Vonasch. Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other situations. These included shockingly high wages for a construction job, and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, higher financial gain reduced participants’ likelihood of accepting the offer. Vonasch says the results are contrary to the “standard economic model,” which supposes that humans always seek to maximize gains. Deals, he argues, need to be viewed as social interactions between people trying to understand each other’s minds. If someone seems to go against accepted rules such as self-interest without explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom (幻影) costs.” This term refers to imagined consequences that reduce the extent to which it allows the receiver to feel better. We fear the future consequences of others’ seeming overgenerosity, which could help explain people’s unwillingness. Another experiment found that high scorers on measures of distrust inferred more phantom costs. The researchers also showed how to reduce the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people this fact made them more willing to take these seats because it was a sufficient explanation.” The scientists are also experimenting with robot and Al interactions. “If AI is overly generous, will people imagine phantom costs?” Vonasch says. “People tend to treat A I as if it has a mind, when obviously it doesn’t.” 12. What does the underlined word “boomerang” in Paragragh 2 mean? A. Bring immediate success. B. Draw public attention. C. Produce unintended results. D. Be completely ignored. 13. What does the term “phantom costs” imply? A. If you’re less selfish, you will feel better. B. People tend to maximize economic gains. C. If it sounds too good to be true, it probably is. D. People favor future returns over instant benefits. 14. What does the “cheap flights” experiment demonstrate? A. People prefer cheaper options. B. Providing a reason reduces distrust. C. Distrust increases phantom costs. D. People like overly generous offers. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. AI is more trustworthy than humans. B. People trust and accept AI’s offers readily. C. AI’s lack of a mind removes people’s distrust. D. People may still infer AI’s hidden intentions. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，人们往往会拒绝“免费的钱”这样的提议，因为觉得“好得令人难以置信”。研究人员通过实验解释了这种现象背后的原因，即人们会认为对方有隐藏的动机，存在“幻影成本”，并介绍了如何减少这种不信任的影响，还探讨了人工智能过度慷慨时人们的反应。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“A recent study found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money” because they seem “too good to be true.” The researchers bridge economics and psychology to explain why encouraging specific actions by offering money can boomerang. (最近的一项研究发现，人们倾向于拒绝“免费的钱”的提议，因为它们似乎“好得令人难以置信”。研究人员结合经济学和心理学来解释为什么通过提供金钱来鼓励特定行为会boomerang)”及下文实验中人们拒绝了看似更有经济利益的提议，可推知，提供金钱鼓励行为却得到了拒绝的结果，即产生了意想不到的结果。由此可知，划线词boomerang意思是“产生意想不到的结果”，与“Produce unintended results.”意思相符。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“If someone seems to go against accepted rules such as self-interest without explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom (幻影) costs.” This term refers to imagined consequences that reduce the extent to which it allows the receiver to feel better. We fear the future consequences of others’ seeming overgenerosity, which could help explain people’s unwillingness. (如果有人似乎在没有解释的情况下违背了诸如利己主义等公认的规则，我们就会认为他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“幻影成本”。这个术语指的是想象中的后果，这些后果会降低接受者感觉良好的程度。我们担心别人看似过度慷慨的行为会带来的未来后果，这可以解释人们为什么不愿意接受)”可推知，“phantom costs (幻影成本)”意味着如果某件事听起来好得令人难以置信，那么它很可能就是有问题的。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“The researchers also showed how to reduce the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people this fact made them more willing to take these seats because it was a sufficient explanation.” (研究人员还展示了如何减少这种影响：只需为交易提供一个理由。“廉价航班”实验包括一个条件，即座位被揭示为非常不舒服。Vonasch说：“不舒服的座位通常不是卖点。但告诉人们这个事实会让他们更愿意坐这些座位，因为这是一个充分的解释。”)”可知，“廉价航班”实验表明提供一个理由可以减少不信任。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““If AI is overly generous, will people imagine phantom costs?” Vonasch says. “People tend to treat A I as if it has a mind, when obviously it doesn’t.” (Vonasch说：“如果人工智能过于慷慨，人们会想象出幻影成本’吗？人们倾向于把人工智能当作有思想的东西，而显然它没有。”)”可推知，即使人工智能没有思想，人们也可能仍然会推断出人工智能隐藏的意图。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 Green-eyed monster It is all too human to feel envious of others’ success, but what can we do when those feelings threaten to overcome us? The obvious solution would be to avoid comparing ourselves to the people around us. ____16____ Humans are social creatures, and our standing within a group would have serious consequences for our welfare. As a result, we unavoidably use others as a measure of our success. This can kill satisfaction we’ve gained from our achievements. ____17____ The relative ranking of people’s earnings, compared with friends or coworkers, matters more for life satisfaction than how much they earn. This is the same case in other aspects like education or intelligence. It is how we match up to others that shapes how good we feel about ourselves. Envy may be worsened by a “focusing illusion (幻想)”. ____18____ We imagine that our successful friend is living in a constant state of joy, and forget that they have to face everyday difficulties like an argument with their partner or the death of a pet. In one study, participants were asked to imagine a peer with a desirable life. Simply reminding them of the “small annoyances” this person regularly faced significantly reduced their envy. ____19____ Realizing this should make us think twice about wishing ourselves in another’s shoes. When we are feeling bitter, we might also interpret others’ achievements as evidence that our own goals are achievable. Try remembering all the things within your control, and make a step-by-step plan of how you might achieve that. ____20____ We may never escape social comparison. When life gives us sour grapes, however, we can choose to make wine from those momentarily bitter fruits. A. But that is easier said than done. B. It refers to a habit of focusing on our failures. C. So we can’t help envying friends’ promotion. D. We can see this in how people think of their income. E. It describes fixing on a single aspect of someone’s life. F. We can never know what emotional problems someone may have. G. In this sense, feeling envious will motivate you to take positive actions. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了如何处理嫉妒情绪。 【16题详解】 上文“The obvious solution would be to avoid comparing ourselves to the people around us.(显而易见的解决办法是避免将自己与周围的人进行比较)”提到，解决办法是避免将自己与周围的人进行比较，结合下文“Humans are social creatures, and our standing within a group would have serious consequences for our welfare. As a result, we unavoidably use others as a measure of our success.(人类是社会动物，我们在群体中的地位会对我们的福利产生严重的影响。因此，我们不可避免地把别人作为衡量自己成功的标准)”可知，人类是社会动物，我们不可避免地把别人作为衡量自己成功的标准，因此“避免将自己与周围的人进行比较”这一办法很难做到，A项“但说起来容易做起来难”符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 上一段末句“This can kill satisfaction we’ve gained from our achievements.(这会扼杀我们从成就中获得的满足感)”提到，和别人进行比较会扼杀我们从成就中获得的满足感，下文“The relative ranking of people’s earnings, compared with friends or coworkers, matters more for life satisfaction than how much they earn.(与朋友或同事相比，人们收入的相对排名对生活满意度的影响比他们收入的多少更大)”通过收入的例子说明上文观点，D项“我们可以从人们如何看待自己的收入中看到这一点”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“Envy may be worsened by a ‘focusing illusion (幻想)’.(嫉妒可能会因‘聚焦幻想’而恶化)”提到“聚焦幻想”，空处应是解释其含义，E项“它描述的是专注于某人生活的某一方面”符合语境，且和下文“We imagine that our successful friend is living in a constant state of joy, and forget that they have to face everyday difficulties like an argument with their partner or the death of a pet.(我们想象我们成功的朋友一直生活在快乐的状态中，而忘记了他们必须面对日常的困难，比如与伴侣的争吵或宠物的死亡)”内容相吻合，故选E。 【19题详解】 上文“Simply reminding them of the ‘small annoyances’ this person regularly faced significantly reduced their envy.(仅仅是提醒他们这个人经常遇到的‘小烦恼’，就能大大减少他们的嫉妒心)”提到，提醒参与者别人会经常遇到‘小烦恼’会减少他们的嫉妒心，下文“Realizing this should make us think twice about wishing ourselves in another’s shoes.(意识到这一点，我们应该在希望自己处在别人的位置时三思而后行)”提到在希望自己处在别人的位置时三思而后行，即不会再想要成为别人，因此空处是关于别人的困境描述，F项“我们永远不可能知道一个人可能有什么样的情感问题”符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据上文“When we are feeling bitter, we might also interpret others’ achievements as evidence that our own goals are achievable. Try remembering all the things within your control, and make a step-by-step plan of how you might achieve that.(当我们感到痛苦时，我们可能也会把别人的成就解释为我们自己的目标可以实现的证据。试着记住你能控制的所有事情，然后制定一个循序渐进的计划)”可知，此处是说用别人的成就激励自己，这是描述嫉妒的积极意义，G项“从这个意义上说，嫉妒会激励你采取积极的行动”符合语境，故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I bought a house four years ago, I immediately began designing my dream garden, ____21____ to remove the weeds and plant some vegetables or flowers. I soon discovered, however, that the soil was ____22____, clay-heavy and littered with stones. In previous, much ____23____ gardens, I’d fix it with a few bags of high-quality soil. Now, it was neither practical nor ____24____ possible to replace this vast quantity of dirt. ____25____, I decided to repair what I already had. The ____26____ before me was to restore the soil’s vitality. I tried to apply two methods: minimizing soil disturbance and ____27____ biodiversity. Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a wildflower field and vegetables beds. I let plants grow in a ____28____ way. I also introduced different plants, breathing new life into its ____29____ communities. In May, I decided to _____30_____ a flowering plant. As I dug the plant out, all manner of life _____31_____. Earth worms (蚯蚓) swung from the roots. A daddy long legs (长脚蜘蛛) _____32_____ for shelter. Below the plant I even noticed the fine white fungal mycelium (真菌菌丝). Running my fingers through the soil, I understood clearly that I _____33_____ much more than my yard — it completely changed the way I think about soil. It’s not simply as a(n) _____34_____ for life, but as a living thing in its own right. It has a capacity for active _____35_____. It grows. It breathes. And it can die. 21. A. offering B. managing C. intending D. hesitating 22. A. unstable B. unreliable C. unnoticed D. unproductive 23. A. smaller B. brighter C. prettier D. older 24. A. academically B. socially C. financially D. mentally 25. A. Additionally B. Likewise C. Otherwise D. Therefore 26. A. puzzle B. challenge C. conflict D. guidance 27. A. monitoring B. prioritizing C. reducing D. assessing 28. A. friendly B. careful C. decent D. natural 29. A. local B. ecological C. rural D. economical 30. A. relocate B. recover C. renew D. rewater 31. A. revealed B. emerged C. suffered D. disappeared 32. A. called B. waited C. arrived D. hurried 33. A. developed B. maintained C. transformed D. facilitated 34. A. essence B. virtue C. medium D. milestone 35. A. self-awareness B. self-discipline C. self-satisfaction D. self-preservation 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过改造贫瘠花园土壤的经历，认识到土壤是活的生命体，具有自我维持能力，彻底改变了对土壤的认知。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我四年前买了房子，我立即开始设计我的梦想花园，打算清除杂草，种植一些蔬菜或鲜花。A. offering提供；B. managing设法做到；C. intending打算；D. hesitating犹豫。根据上文“I immediately began designing my dream garden”可知作者开始设计梦想花园，所以是打算做一些事情，清除杂草等，故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，那里的土壤贫瘠，粘土重，到处都是石头。A. unstable不稳定的；B. unreliable不可靠的；C. unnoticed未注意到的；D. unproductive贫瘠的。根据下文“clay-heavy and littered with stones”可知粘土重，到处都是石头，所以那里的土壤应是贫瘠的，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在以前的小花园里，我会用几袋高质量的土壤来修复它。A. smaller更小的；B. brighter更明亮的；C. prettier更漂亮的；D. older更旧的。根据下文“replace this vast quantity of dirt”可知需要大量的高质量土壤取代这些泥土，说明以前的花园小，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，既不现实，也不经济，不可能取代这么大量的泥土。A. academically学术上；B. socially社会上；C. financially经济上；D. mentally精神上。根据下文“replace this vast quantity of dirt”可知要用大量的高质量土壤取代这些泥土，说明既不现实，也不经济，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定修复我已经拥有的东西。A. Additionally此外；B. Likewise同样地；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefore因此。根据前文说既不现实，也不经济，而下文说我决定修复我已经拥有的东西，所以是因果关系，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我面临的挑战是恢复土壤的活力。A. puzzle谜题；B. challenge挑战；C. conflict矛盾；D. guidance指导。根据下文“to restore the soil’s vitality”可知要恢复土壤的活力对于作者来说是挑战，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试了两种方法：减少土壤干扰和优先考虑生物多样性。A. monitoring监测；B. prioritizing优先考虑；C. reducing减少；D. assessing评估。根据下文“Where once there was only grass, I made a pond, a wildflower field and vegetables beds. (曾经只有草的地方，我做了一个池塘，一个野花地和蔬菜田。)”可知作者优先考虑生物的多样性，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我让植物自然生长。A. friendly友好的；B. careful仔细的；C. decent得体的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“minimizing soil disturbance”减少对土壤的干扰，说明是让植物自然生长。故选D。 29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还引进了不同的植物，为它的生态群落注入了新的生命。A. local当地的；B. ecological生态的；C. rural农村的；D. economical经济的。根据上文“I also introduced different plants”可知引进了不同的指物，所以是为生态群落注入了新的生命，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年5月，我决定重新安置一株开花植物。 A. relocate重新安置；B. recover恢复；C. renew更新；D. rewater再浇水。根据下文“As I dug the plant out”可知是重新安置这株植物，故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把植物挖出来时，各种各样的生命都冒了出来。 A. revealed揭示；B. emerged出现；C. suffered遭受；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“Earth worms swung from the roots. A daddy long legs ____12____ for shelter.”可知是各种各样的生命都冒了出来，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个长腿蜘蛛急忙找地方躲。A. called (for)要求；B. waited (for)等待；C. arrived到达，一般不和for搭配；D. hurried(for)匆忙寻求。根据下文“for shelter”可知是找地方躲藏，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的手指穿过泥土，我清楚地明白，我改变的不仅仅是我的院子——它完全改变了我对土壤的看法。A. developed发展；B. maintained维持；C. transformed改变；D. facilitated促进。根据下文“it completely changed the way I think about soil”可知作者认为自己改变的不仅仅是院子，所以是change的同义词复现，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它不仅仅是生命的介质，它本身就是一种有生命的东西。A. essence本质；B. virtue美德；C. medium介质；D. milestone里程碑。根据上文“it completely changed the way I think about soil”可知作者改变了对土壤的看法，所以认为土壤不仅仅是生命的介质，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它有主动自我保护的能力。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-discipline自律；C. self-satisfaction自我满足；D. self-preservation自我保护。根据下文“It grows. It breathes.”可知它有主动自我保护的能力，故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Parthenon is a grand temple located on the Acropolis in Athens, Greece. Built in the fifth century BC, it stands as ____36____ (prove) of ancient Greece’s cultural and artistic accomplishments. In particular, its ____37____ (harmony) proportions (比例) and careful attention to detail highlight the Greeks’ dedication to perfection. One of the Parthenon’s most notable features was the sculptures that decorated ____38____ (it) outside. These images brought forth scenes from Greek history and mythology (神话), ____39____ (demonstrate) the Greeks’ excellent ability to tell stories through art. Inside the temple, a twelve-meter-tall statue of Athena was sculpted out of wood and covered in gold and ivory. The Parthenon ____40____ (use) as a Christian church starting in the sixth century, and later changed into a mosque (清真寺) in the fifteenth century. This lasted until 1687, ____41____ a war broke out and left the building in ruins. Between 1800 and 1803, Thomas Bruce, ____42____ art collector and British diplomat, removed some of the Parthenon’s sculptures and sent them to London, where they can still be seen today in the British Museum. The rest remain in the Acropolis Museum, which hopes to reclaim the ____43____ (lose) sculptures and complete the story. ____44____ its partial destruction, the Parthenon remains a source of inspiration for architects and artists worldwide. As an architectural miracle that ____45____ (stand) the test of time for centuries, the Parthenon will doubtless continue to arouse wonder and admiration for many years to come. 【答案】36. proof 37. harmonious 38. its 39. demonstrating 40. was used 41. when 42. an 43. lost 44. Despite 45. has stood 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了希腊雅典卫城上的帕特农神庙。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：它建于公元前5世纪，是古希腊文化和艺术成就的证明。介词as后应用名词作宾语，表抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填proof。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：特别是，它和谐的比例和对细节的仔细关注突出了希腊人对完美的执着。设空处修饰名词proportions作定语，应用形容词，故填harmonious。 【38题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：帕台农神庙最引人注目的特色之一是装饰其外部的雕塑。设空处修饰名词outside，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。 【39题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：这些图像带来了希腊历史和神话中的场景，展示了希腊人通过艺术讲述故事的卓越能力。本句已有谓语brought，设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填demonstrating。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：帕台农神庙从六世纪开始被用作基督教教堂，后来在十五世纪变成了清真寺。设空处为谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Parthenon，be动词用was，故填was used。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种情况一直持续到1687年，当时战争爆发，这座建筑成了一片废墟。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是1687，关系词在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1800年至1803年间，艺术收藏家兼英国外交官托马斯·布鲁斯（Thomas Bruce）将帕台农神庙的一些雕塑搬到了伦敦，如今这些雕塑仍陈列在大英博物馆（British Museum）。设空处修饰名词collector表泛指，应用冠词，并且art发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其余的留在雅典卫城博物馆，希望能收回丢失的雕塑并完成这个故事。设空处修饰名词sculptures作定语，应用形容词，表示“丢失的”，故填lost。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管帕台农神庙遭到了部分破坏，但它仍然是全世界建筑师和艺术家的灵感来源。设空后接名词，表“尽管”，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母大写，故填Despite。 【45题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为几个世纪以来经受住时间考验的建筑奇迹，帕台农神庙无疑将在未来的许多年里继续引起人们的惊叹和钦佩。设空处为从句谓语，根据时间状语“for centuries”可知， 此处要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语that指代an architectural miracle是单数，所以助动词用has，故填has stood。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，是校英语报的记者，上周你校组织了“以史为鉴，对话古今”（Learning from History: A Dialogue Between Past and Present）为主题的读书周活动。请你写一篇报道介绍一下这次活动，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。 History Made Alive Through Reading _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 History Made Alive Through Reading Last week, our school organized a reading week activity themed “Learning from History: A Dialogue Between Past and Present”. The aim of this activity was to arouse students’ interest in history and let them learn from it. During the activity, there were various events. A history lecture was given by an expert, who shared many inspiring historical stories. Besides, a reading competition was held, in which students had to write a summary of what they had read. The activity was a great success. Students said that they had not only broadened their horizons but also realized the importance of history. It was really an activity that benefited everyone. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍学校组织的读书周活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 组织：organize → arrange 激发兴趣：arouse sb’s interest → stimulate sb’s interest 各种各样的：various→ diverse 鼓舞人心的：inspiring→ motivating 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, our school organized a reading week activity themed “Learning from History: A Dialogue Between Past and Present”. 拓展句：Last week, our school organized a reading week activity, whose theme is “Learning from History: A Dialogue Between Past and Present”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A history lecture was given by an expert, who shared many inspiring historical stories.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Students said that they had not only broadened their horizons but also realized the importance of history. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Billy Ray Harris was a homeless man who spent his days on the streets of Kansas City, begging for money to buy food and, if he was lucky, a bed for the night. Life had not been kind to him, and each day was a struggle to survive. As he sat on the sidewalk, holding his cup, he would often reflect on his past and wonder how he had ended up in such a difficult situation. The sound of coins clinking (叮当) into his cup was a small comfort, a reminder that there were still kind people in the world who cared enough to help him get through another day. One morning, as Billy sat in his usual spot, he heard the familiar sound of coins dropping into his cup. But this time, the noise was louder than usual. If he had looked up, he’d have seen a young lady on her way to work. But he didn’t. She was in a hurry and didn’t realize that, along with some change, she had accidentally dropped her diamond ring into Billy’s cup. It wasn’t until later, when Billy finally looked into his cup, that he noticed something unusual. Among the coins was a shiny diamond ring. He picked it up and examined it closely, hardly believing his eyes. It was a beautiful ring, and he knew it must be worth a lot of money. Billy’s first thought was to take the ring to a jeweler and sell it. He did just that, and to his astonishment, the jeweler offered him $4,000 for it. This was more money than Billy had seen in years. He could use the money to change his life — buy food, rent a room, maybe even start over. But as he stood there, holding the ring, he thought about his grandfather, who had always brought him up to do the right thing, and knew he had to reconsider. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After a long and difficult internal struggle, Billy made up his mind. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The woman was touched by Billy’s act of honesty and decided to help him. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 After a long and difficult internal struggle, Billy made up his mind. Clenching the ring tightly in his hand, he returned to his usual spot, hoping the woman would come back. Days passed, and he kept the ring safe despite hunger and cold. Finally, one afternoon, he recognized her hurried footsteps. “Excuse me,” he called out, his voice trembling. “I think this belongs to you.” The woman stared at the ring in disbelief, tears welling in her eyes. “I can’t thank you enough,” she whispered, overwhelmed by his honesty in such hardship. The woman was touched by Billy’s act of honesty and decided to help him. She shared his story online, inspiring donations from strangers worldwide. With the funds, she helped Billy rent a small apartment and find a steady job. Years later, Billy no longer begged but worked as a shelter volunteer, guiding others toward hope. His grandfather’s lesson had not only restored a lost treasure but also rebuilt a life. The ring’s true value, he realized, lay not in its price but in the kindness it awakened. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了比利·雷·哈里斯是一个无家可归的人，他每天都在为生存而挣扎。某天一位女士在给他硬币的时候，钻石戒指不小心掉进了比利的杯子里。他本可以卖掉戒指换钱，改善生活，但是他选择了回去等待女人来找戒指。最后女人被他的诚实感动，帮助了他。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“经过漫长而艰难的内心斗争，比利下定了决心”可知，第一段可描写比利决定把戒指还给女人，以及女人找到了比利。 ②由第二段首句内容“这位妇女被比利的诚实行为所感动，决定帮助他”可知，第二段可描写女士是如何帮助比利的以及比利的感悟。 2续写线索：决定归还戒指——女人找到比利——女人感动——女人帮助比利——比利感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓住：clench/seize ②时间流逝：pass/go by ③看着：stare at/look at 情绪类 不敢相信：in disbelief/unbelievably 【点睛】[高分句型1] Clenching the ring tightly in his hand, he returned to his usual spot, hoping the woman would come back.（由现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] The woman stared at the ring in disbelief, tears welling in her eyes.（运用了独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$