Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes 语法Grammar 不定代词和感叹句-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元语法精讲精练（译林版2024）

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Unit 6 Beautiful landscapes

不定代词和感叹句

（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）

一、不定代词（Indefinite Pronouns）

1. 定义与分类

不定代词用于指代不特定的人、事物或数量，常见分类如下：

类型	常见不定代词	例句
泛指人/物	someone, anyone, no one, everyone, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody	Someone is knocking at the door.
泛指事物	something, anything, nothing, everything	There is nothing interesting in the box.
复合不定代词	someone, anyone, everyone + -thing/-body/-one	Everyone wants to be happy.

 

2. 用法规则

肯定句：多用 some-系列（someone, something）或泛指代词。 

  例：Someone left a message for you. 

否定句/疑问句：多用 any-系列（anyone, anything）或否定代词（no one, nothing）。 

  例：Did anyone call me? / There is nothing wrong. 

主谓一致： 

  单数不定代词（如 everyone, nothing）接单数动词。 

    ❌ 错误：Everyone are here. 

    ✅ 正确：Everyone is here. 

  复数不定代词（如 both, few）接复数动词。 

    ✅ 正确：Both are correct. 

3. 特殊用法

复合不定代词的修饰语：修饰语需后置，用形容词或介词短语。 

  例：I need something useful. / Is there anyone in the room? 

二、感叹句（Exclamatory Sentences）

1. 定义与功能

感叹句用于表达强烈的情感（惊讶、喜悦、愤怒等），句末用感叹号（!）。

2. 结构类型

结构	公式	例句
What + 名词短语	What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主谓)!	What a beautiful day (it is)!
How + 形容词/副词	How + 形容词/副词 + 主谓!	How fast he runs!
省略主谓的感叹句	What/How + 核心成分!	What a mess! / How amazing!

 

3. 使用规则

What 型： 

  修饰可数名词单数：What a lovely song! 

  修饰不可数名词/复数名词：What beautiful weather! / What kind people! 

How 型： 

  直接修饰形容词/副词：How brave she is! / How quickly time flies! 

口语变体：可省略主谓，保留核心成分。 

  例：What a surprise! → What a surprise (this is)! 

4. 常见错误

混淆 what 和 how： 

  ❌ 错误：How a beautiful girl! 

  ✅ 正确：What a beautiful girl! 

主谓顺序错误： 

  ❌ 错误：How she is clever! 

  ✅ 正确：How clever she is! 

中文直译错误： 

  ❌ 错误：So beautiful the flower is! 

  ✅ 正确：How beautiful the flower is! 

不定代词习题训练

1．（23-24七年级下·江苏常州·期末）The teacher began her lesson after ________ came in. She was happy to see them all.

A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody

2．（23-24七年级下·江苏南京·期末）I heard ______ outside. Let’s go and have a look.

A．something strange B．strange something C．anything strange D．strange anything

3．（23-24七年级下·江苏无锡·期末）Don’t worry too much. ________ will be fine. Just take it easy.

A．Something B．Anything C．Nothing D．Everything

4．（23-24七年级下·江苏徐州·期末）A smile costs ________, but it gives so much. Learn to smile!

A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything

5．（23-24七年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Can you hear the noise?

—Yes, it’s from the washing machine. There’s ________ wrong with it. It’s just making usual sounds.

A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything

6．（23-24七年级下·江苏盐城·期末）Boys and girls, believe in yourselves and never let ______ take away your dreams.

A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody

7．（23-24七年级下·江苏南通·期末）—Charles, don’t be late tomorrow morning. The plane waits for ________.

—All right. I’ll arrive at the airport on time.

A．anything B．anybody C．nothing D．nobody

8．（23-24七年级下·江苏南京·期末）—Hey, David. _________ is waiting for you at the school gate.

—It must be Andy, my brother.

A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody

9．（23-24七年级下·江苏徐州·期末）It’s time for class, but ________ is in the classroom. How strange!

A．nobody B．somebody C．anybody D．everybody

10．（22-23七年级下·江苏连云港·期末）May I have ________? I am thirsty to death.

A．something to eat B．anything to eat

C．anything to drink D．something to drink

11．（23-24七年级下·江苏连云港·期末）—Listen! __________ is singing next door. Is it Sonny?

—No, it can’t be her. She flew to Canada for holiday yesterday.

A．Anybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Everybody

12．（23-24七年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Nowadays, many people like to post life photos on WeChat Moments.

—That is true. But not ________ likes this. Some people don’t like to share daily life with others.

A．nobody B．anybody C．somebody D．everybody

13．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期末）People in the street heard a loud noise and rushed into the room, but they