精品解析：江苏省苏州市2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

高一期中调研试卷 英语 2025.04 注意事项： 1．本卷满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2．答卷前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、调研序列号等相关信息填写在答题卡上规定的地方。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在调研卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which color do the speakers probably prefer? A．Yellow. B．Brown. C．Black. 2．Why is the woman asking about the Wi-Fi? A．She is unable to download things. B．She wants to know the password. C．She fails to connect to it. 3．What does the man mean? A．He prefers tea drinks. B．He wants a hot coffee. C．He finds the coffee too sweet. 4．Who will the woman probably meet this week? A．Her Chinese teacher. B．Her working partners. C．Her sister. 5．What is the woman doing now? A．Taking a driving lesson. B．Asking for directions. C．Attending an exam. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。 6．How does Julie sound when hearing about Earth Day at first? A．Uninterested. B．Confused. C．Excited. 7．What will the speakers most likely start doing? A．Using plastic-free bags. B．Changing house lights. C．Recycling plastic bottles. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．An exercise plan for memberships. B．An announcement of gym rules. C．A promotion for a new gym. 9．When will the speakers’ new plan be declared? A．One month later. B．Two weeks later. C．Tomorrow. 10．What will the man do next? A．Make a phone call. B．Speak to a trainer. C．Make a meal. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11．What is the man? A．A student. B．A math teacher. C．A course advisor. 12．What’s Jenny’s favorite subject? A．Art. B．Math. C．Literature. 13．What does the man suggest Jenny do? A．Challenge herself with advanced math. B．Take a variety of classes. C．Develop a new hobby. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。 14．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a data center. B．In a computer lab. C．In a meeting room. 15．Which of ChatGPT’s abilities is the woman most interested in? A．Text translation. B．Content creation. C．Customer service. 16．What does Jason’s daily job probably include? A．Developing software. B．Fixing the screen. C．Giving speeches. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。 17．Who is the speaker talking to now? A．His classmates. B．His parents. C．His history teacher. 18．Where was Gagarin from? A．France. B．Russia. C．America. 19．What happened in 1961? A．Gagarin was selected for a space program. B．Gagarin retired from his job. C．Gagarin entered space. 20．What quality does the speaker want to learn from Gagarin? A．Bravery. B．Confidence. C．Determination. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A The Renaissance (文艺复兴) was one of the most lively periods in the history of European art and culture, producing remarkable developments in painting, music, philosophy, science and so on. Want to better understand this period and its lasting influence? We have designed a specialized course for you. In this course, we examine the meaning of the term “Renaissance”, and learn about the influence of humanism, and the rise of the individual. Jo Walton, an art historian and lecturer specializing in the art of the Italian Renaissance and in aspects of British art of the 20th century, will be your tutor (导师). Arrangements Each session (一场) lasts for 2 hours from 5:30 to 7:30 pm, and includes a lecture delivered by the lecturer followed by a short break and further discussion. Time will be allowed for questions and discussions via (通过) Q&A．Handouts will be available via your National Gallery account on Tuesday mornings. Can’t make Wednesday evenings? No problem. Each session is recorded and made available to you for the duration of the course, up until 2 weeks after the final session. A video of the week’s lecture will be uploaded and available for you to watch via your National Gallery account on Friday afternoons. Booking information This is an online ticketed course hosted on Zoom. Please book a ticket to access the course. Only one ticket can be booked per account. You will be emailed an E-ticket with instructions on how to access the course via your National Gallery account. Price Standard: £90 Concessions (优惠): £75 Concessions are for students, job-seekers, and disabled adults. 1. What do we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Individualism promotes the rise of Renaissance. B. The course covers humanism’s impact. C. Renaissance mainly develops in Italy. D. Walton specializes in Italian art. 2. What can people do if they succeed in accessing the course? A. Get online handouts beforehand. B. Ask the lecturer questions offline. C. Deliver a lecture and have a further discussion. D. Watch a recorded video every Friday afternoon. 3. How much would a jobless father and his 12-year-old son pay for the course? A. £165. B. £180. C. £150. D. £145. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了一个关于“文艺复兴”的在线课程，介绍了课程安排、预订信息和价格等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In this course, we examine the meaning of the term “Renaissance”, and learn about the influence of humanism, and the rise of the individual.(在本课程中，我们将探讨“文艺复兴”一词的含义，并了解人文主义的影响，以及个人的崛起)”可知，课程内容涵盖人文主义的影响。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Arrangements部分“A video of the week’s lecture will be uploaded and available for you to watch via your National Gallery account on Friday afternoons.(每周讲座的视频将于周五下午上传，您可以通过您的国家美术馆账户观看)”可知，如果人们成功进入课程，他们可以在每周五下午观看录制的视频，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Price部分“Standard: £90；Concessions (优惠): £75；Concessions are for students, job-seekers, and disabled adults. (标准£90；优惠£75；学生、求职者和残疾成人可享受优惠)”可知，一个失业的父亲和他12岁的儿子要为这个课程支付75+75=150英镑。故选C。 B On the blue ocean surrounding Weizhou Island in Guangxi, a group of volunteers are preparing to dive into the water. Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the island, diving into the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs. As a professor at the School of Marine (海洋的) Sciences at Guangxi University, Huang developed a strong interest in coral reefs during his diving trips in Malaysia, where he discovered a lively underwater world that looked like a magical aquarium (水族馆) filled with colorful coral. Those trips left a lasting impression on him. “I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change. Huang said that not only do coral reefs play an important part in keeping the balance of underwater ecosystem, but they also act as a protective barrier for natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. “Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90%of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang. Since the 1950s, global coral reef degradation has become increasingly severe, endangering their survival and leading to the marine life’s dying out. Under Huang’s guidance, the team has successfully grown more than 10 coral species and over 50,000 individual corals, marking great progress in their restoration efforts. Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life. “I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs. Once our experience on Weizhou Island matures, we plan to expand it to the South China Sea and even overseas.” 4. What drove Huang Wen to volunteer to protect coral reefs? A. His disappointment with the low coral coverage. B. His concerns for the island protection. C. His curiosity about the Marine life. D. His interest in coral reefs. 5. Why are coral reefs important according to the text? A. They can prevent natural disasters. B. They can restore the seabed. C. They can beautify the coastal rocks. D. They can block most wave impacts. 6. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Grow slowly. B. Live peacefully. C. Develop well. D. Survive narrowly. 7. What is the best title of this passage? A. Guardian of the Reef B. Underwater “Great Wall” C. Volunteer of Weizhou Island D. Endangered Underwater World 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了广西大学教授黄文及其团队多年来致力于涠洲岛珊瑚礁修复工作，取得显著成果，他希望更多人加入保护珊瑚礁的事业。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change.(“我记得2015年我第一次在涠洲岛潜水。发现珊瑚覆盖率很低，我非常失望，”黄回忆道，解释了他为什么加入大学团队来做出改变)可知，黄文对珊瑚低覆盖率的失望促使他志愿保护珊瑚礁。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90% of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang.(“珊瑚礁是海底的‘长城’，能够抵御70%到90%的海浪冲击。没有它们，沙质海岸岩石很容易被冲走，”黄解释道)可知，珊瑚礁重要是因为它们能阻挡大部分海浪冲击。故选D项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中“Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life.(他们的努力使北部恢复区的珊瑚存活率超过80%，珊瑚群落thrive，吸引了各种海洋生物)”中“resulted in a survival rate of over 80%”和“attract diverse marine life”可知，珊瑚珊瑚存活率越来越高，情况越来越好，由此可推知划线词“thrive”的意思是“发展良好”，与C项“Develop well”同义。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the island, diving the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs.(黄文和他的团队多年来一直在岛上种植、监测和勘测珊瑚礁，作为修复珊瑚礁工作的一部分，他们潜水超过500次)”和最后一段“I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs.(“我希望更多的人能加入我们保护珊瑚礁的事业，”黄说，“未来，我们的团队将继续完善我们的技术，修复更多受损的珊瑚礁)”可知，文章主要讲述了黄文及其团队保护和修复涠洲岛珊瑚礁的事迹，他们就像珊瑚礁的守护者。A项“Guardian of the Reef(珊瑚礁的守护者)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选A项。 C A few years back, you started a vacation with friends, creating treasured memories of beach walks, ocean swims, and amazing sunsets. However, the trip had its share of challenges: long drives, food concerns, and unpredictable weather. Over time, you find yourself recalling the pleasant moments while the inconveniences disappear gradually. This is known as rosy retrospection (回忆), a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where we remember past events more positively than they actually were. This phenomenon results from how our brains work to form memories. When recalling events, our brains tend to focus more on the positive aspects and put less emphasis on the negative ones. This selective memory helps maintain emotional well-being by allowing us to remove discomfort from past experiences. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role by awakening feelings of warmth and belonging, leading to a more positive view of the past. Furthermore, our current emotional state and self-advancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable. For instance, if we are feeling down, we might recall happier times to better our mood. While rosy retrospection can uplift our moods, increase life satisfaction, and aid in coping with difficult situations by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity, it can also create an unrealistic view of the past, leading to decisions based on idealized memories rather than reality. This is one reason why we might repeatedly return to unhealthy relationships. The longer time passes since an event, the more likely we are to let the good memories outweigh the bad, and perhaps even forgive unforgivable behavior. Realizing and understanding this cognitive bias is important for making right and beneficial decisions. This awareness can help us avoid falling into the trap of idealizing the past so that we can learn from our experiences without being misled by the overly positive lens (透镜) of rosy retrospection. 8. How do people with rosy retrospection typically behave? A. They share challenges of trips happily. B They view previous experiences positively. C. They recall the pleasant moments with bias. D. They create treasured vacation memories with ease. 9. How many factors contribute to the phenomenon of rosy retrospection? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The potential risks of rosy retrospection. B. The positive effects of rosy retrospection. C. The necessity of focusing on positive experiences. D. The benefits of returning to unhealthy relationships. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward rosy retrospection? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Unconcerned. D. Balanced. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了玫瑰色回忆这一认知偏见，阐述其形成原因、利弊，并强调认识该偏见对做正确决策的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This is known as rosy retrospection (回忆), a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where we remember past events more positively than they actually were.(这就是所谓的玫瑰色回忆，一种认知偏见，即我们对过去事件的记忆比实际情况更积极)”可知，有玫瑰色回忆的人通常会积极看待以前的经历。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This phenomenon results from how our brains work to form memories. When recalling events, our brains tend to focus more on the positive aspects and put less emphasis on the negative ones.(这种现象源于我们大脑形成记忆的方式。当回忆事件时，我们的大脑倾向于更多地关注积极方面，而较少关注消极方面)”、“Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role by awakening feelings of warmth and belonging, leading to a more positive view of the past.(怀旧也起着重要作用，它唤起温暖和归属感，让我们对过去有更积极的看法)”和“Furthermore, our current emotional state and self-advancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable.(此外，我们当前的情绪状态和自我提升偏见会影响我们对过去事件的记忆，使它们看起来更美好)”可知，“大脑形成记忆的方式”、“怀旧”和“当前情绪状态与自我提升偏见”这三个因素导致了玫瑰色回忆现象。故选C项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“While rosy retrospection can uplift our moods, increase life satisfaction, and aid in coping with difficult situations by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity, it can also create an unrealistic view of the past, leading to decisions based on idealized memories rather than reality.(虽然玫瑰色回忆可以提升我们的情绪，提高生活满意度，并通过提供一种连续性和积极的自我认同感来帮助我们应对困难局面，但它也会对过去形成不切实际的看法，导致我们基于理想化的记忆而不是现实来做决策)”可知，该段主要讲述了玫瑰色回忆的潜在风险。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“While rosy retrospection can uplift our moods, increase life satisfaction, and aid in coping with difficult situations by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity, it can also create an unrealistic view of the past, leading to decisions based on idealized memories rather than reality.(虽然玫瑰色回忆可以提升我们的情绪，提高生活满意度，并通过提供一种连续性和积极的自我认同感来帮助我们应对困难局面，但它也会对过去形成不切实际的看法，导致我们基于理想化的记忆而不是现实来做决策)”和最后一段“Realizing and understanding this cognitive bias is important for making right and beneficial decisions. This awareness can help us avoid falling into the trap of idealizing the past so that we can learn from our experiences without being misled by the overly positive lens (透镜) of rosy retrospection.(认识和理解这种认知偏见对于做出正确和有益的决定非常重要。这种意识可以帮助我们避免陷入理想化过去的陷阱，这样我们就可以从我们的经验中学习，而不会被过于积极的玫瑰色回顾所误导)”可知，作者在文中既提到了玫瑰色回忆的积极影响，也提到了其消极影响，并给出了中肯的建议，由此可知，作者对玫瑰色回忆的态度是客观的，是平衡的。故选D项。 D There’s a cat-and-mouse game between those using generative (生成的) AI chatbots to produce text undiscovered and those trying to catch them. Many believe the telltale signs do exist, but they don’t know exactly what the differences are. Researchers at four U. S. universities, however, have taken a better approach, identifying linguistic (语言学的) fingerprints that reveal which large language model (LLM) produced a given text. “All these chatbots are coming out every day, and we interact with them, but we don’t really understand the differences between them,” says Mingjie Sun, a researcher at Carnegie Mellon University and lead author of the study. “By training a machine learning classifier (分类器) to do this task, and by looking at the performance of that classifier, we can then tell the difference between different LLMs.” Sun and his colleagues developed a machine learning model that analyzed the outputs of five popular LLMs, and was able to tell them apart with 97.1% accuracy(精确性). Their machine learning model uncovered distinct speech patterns unique to each LLM. ChatGPT’s GPT — 4 model, for instance, tends to use “utilize” more than other models. DeepSeek is partial to saying “certainly”. Google’s Gemini often begins its conclusions with the word “essentially”, while Anthropic’s Claude overuses phrases like “according to” and “according to the text” when referring to its sources. xAI’s Grok stands out as more talkative, often reminding users to “remember” key points while guiding them through arguments with “not only” and “but also”. “The writing and the word choices are different,” says Yida Yin, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and a coauthor of the paper. These findings can assist users in selecting the best model for specific writing tasks — or aid those trying to catch AI-generated text pretending to be human work. So, remember: according to this study, if a model uses certain words, it’s certainly possible to identify it. 12. What is the purpose of the study? A. To improve different LLMs. B. To produce undiscovered AI texts. C. To tell different LLMs apart. D. To identify which LLM is better. 13. What tool did the researchers use to conduct the study? A. A machine learning classifier. B. Linguistic fingerprints. C. Five popular LLMs. D. AI chatbots. 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Potential application of the research findings. B. Further explanation of the research methods. C. Detailed description of the research process. D. Supportive examples of the research results. 15. In what aspect might users benefit from these findings? A. Model selection. B. Text production. C. Model building. D. Text writing. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国四所大学的研究人员针对生成式人工智能聊天机器人展开的一项研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers at four U. S. universities, however, have taken a better approach, identifying linguistic (语言学的) fingerprints that reveal which large language model (LLM) produced a given text.(然而，美国四所大学的研究人员采用了更好的方法，通过识别语言指纹来揭示哪个大型语言模型（LLM）产生了给定的文本)”以及第二段“By training a machine learning classifier (分类器) to do this task, and by looking at the performance of that classifier, we can then tell the difference between different LLMs.(通过训练机器学习分类器来完成这项任务，并通过观察分类器的性能，我们可以区分不同大型语言模型之间的区别)”可知，研究的目的是改进不同的大型语言模型。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“By training a machine learning classifier (分类器) to do this task, and by looking at the performance of that classifier, we can then tell the difference between different LLMs.(通过训练机器学习分类器来完成这项任务，并通过观察分类器的性能，我们可以区分不同大型语言模型之间的区别)”可知，研究人员使用机器学习分类器来进行这项研究。故选A。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“ChatGPT’s GPT — 4 model, for instance, tends to use “utilize” more than other models. DeepSeek is partial to saying “certainly”. Google’s Gemini often begins its conclusions with the word “essentially”, while Anthropic’s Claude overuses phrases like “according to” and “according to the text” when referring to its sources. xAI’s Grok stands out as more talkative, often reminding users to “remember” key points while guiding them through arguments with “not only” and “but also”. “The writing and the word choices are different,” says Yida Yin, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and a coauthor of the paper.(例如，ChatGPT的GPT-4模型比其他模型更倾向于使用“利用”。DeepSeek偏向于说“当然”。谷歌的Gemini经常以“本质上”这个词开始它的结论，而《人类学》的克劳德在提到它的来源时过度使用“根据”和“根据文本”这样的短语。xAI的Grok更健谈，经常提醒用户“记住”关键点，同时用“不仅”和“而且”来引导他们进行争论。加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员、该论文的合著者Yida Yin说：“写作和用词都不一样。”)”可知，第四段的主要内容是研究结果的支持性例子。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“These findings can assist users in selecting the best model for specific writing tasks — or aid those trying to catch AI-generated text pretending to be human work.(这些发现可以帮助用户为特定的写作任务选择最佳模型，或者帮助那些试图捕捉人工智能生成的假装是人类工作的文本的人)”可知，用户在模型选择方面可以从这些发现中受益。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As deadly wildfires continue to sweep through California, it now seems important to understand how wildfires work. ____16____ Though the exact source of wildfires is unclear, authorities have claimed that 95% of fires in California are started by people. Experts aren’t yet able to forecast wildfire outbreaks. ____17____ Firefighters refer to it as the fire triangle: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. Four fifths of wildfires are started by people, but drought and strong winds can create the perfect conditions for a disaster. Worldwide, wildfire smoke causes 339,000 deaths per year, according to estimates. ____18____ Potentially deadly airborne, microscopic particles (微粒) can thicken the blood. Smoke also contains carbon monoxide, causing long-lasting damage to the heart. ____19____ In northern forests, which store more carbon than any other terrestrial (陆地的) ecosystem, climate change is causing wildfires to occur more frequently, further speeding up the emission of carbon and worsening global warming. However, wildlife tends to have a very different relationship with fire. ____20____ For example, some birds will fly in to feed on bark beetles (树皮甲虫) in dead trees. That’s not to say, all wild animals call fire a friend — there are some who can’t escape the quickly spreading flames. Slow-moving animals such as koalas, whose nature is to hide into a tree, may end up trapped. In this case, wildlife falls victim to climate change tragically. A. And it is more important to know how to prevent wildfires. B. Besides health problems, forest fires actually have the ability to heat up the entire planet. C. Some have evolved to live with it, and some even grow better after fires. D. Wildfires have damaging effects on the habitats of wildlife. E. However, there are three conditions that must be present in order for a wildfire to burn. F. Sharp increases in asthma (哮喘) attacks have been reported when smoke blankets the places where people live. G. Of equal importance is to realize the long-term effects of wildfires on our health and the environment. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加州野火的起因、燃烧条件、对人类健康和环境的影响，还提到了野火与野生动物的关系。 【16题详解】 上文“As deadly wildfires continue to sweep through California, it now seems important to understand how wildfires work.(随着致命的野火继续席卷加州，现在似乎有必要了解野火是如何形成的)”提出要了解野火如何形成，G选项“Of equal importance is to realize the long term effects of wildfires on our health and the environment.(同样重要的是要认识到野火对我们的健康和环境的长期影响)”进一步指出还要认识野火的长期影响，与上文衔接紧密，从不同方面强调对野火的认识。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Experts aren’t yet able to forecast wildfire outbreaks.(专家们还无法预测野火的爆发)”说明野火爆发难以预测，E选项“However, there are three conditions that must be present in order for a wildfire to burn.(然而，野火燃烧必须具备三个条件)”转折引出野火燃烧的条件，后文“Firefighters refer to it as the fire triangle: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source.(消防员称之为火三角：燃料、氧气和热源)”对这三个条件进行解释，上下文逻辑连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“Worldwide, wildfire smoke causes 339,000 deaths per year, according to estimates.(据估计，在全球范围内，野火烟雾每年导致33.9万人死亡)”提及野火烟雾导致死亡，F选项“Sharp increases in asthma (哮喘) attacks have been reported when smoke blankets the places where people live.(当烟雾笼罩人们居住的地方时，哮喘发作的病例急剧增加)”进一步举例说明野火烟雾对人类健康的影响，与上文都围绕野火烟雾对健康的危害展开。故选F项。 【19题详解】 下文“In northern forests, which store more carbon than any other terrestrial (陆地的) ecosystem, climate change is causing wildfires to occur more frequently, further speeding up the emission of carbon and worsening global warming.(在北方森林，它比任何其他陆地生态系统储存更多的碳，气候变化导致野火更频繁地发生，进一步加速了碳排放，加剧了全球变暖)”说明野火对全球变暖的影响，B选项“Besides health problems, forest fires actually have the ability to heat up the entire planet. (除了健康问题，森林火灾实际上有能力使整个地球升温)”引出野火对地球升温的影响，与下文内容相符。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“However, wildlife tends to have a very different relationship with fire.(然而，野生动物与火的关系往往截然不同)”指出野生动物与火关系不同，C选项“Some have evolved to live with it, and some even grow better after fires.(一些动物已经进化到与火共存，有些甚至在火灾后生长得更好)”具体说明野生动物与火的不同关系，下文“For example, some birds will fly in to feed on bark beetles (树皮甲虫) in dead trees.(例如，一些鸟类会飞来吃死树上的树皮甲虫)”是对该选项的举例说明。故选C项。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As I turned into the parking lot at the high school the other day, I pulled my hoodie (连帽衫) over my face and ____21____ down in the driver’s seat to avoid my tennis team. They had been ____22____ me for weeks to join the team. I had my wrist (手腕) injured and had to learn to serve (发球) with my other ____23____. It could take years for a former leftie to develop a quite good right-handed serve. I ____24____ out of the car. “Hey!” Coach Johnson called out from the court. “Are you going to play in the match next week?” I ____25____ past, trying to ignore him. “Hey, come back here!” I felt ____26____ embarrassed. I needed more time to recover and wasn’t ____27____ to face the pressure. Just then, I saw Alex, my tennis role model and former doubles ____28____, on the other side of the court. I thought he would speak ____29____ me, but he surprised me by asking, “Hey, are you ever going to play again?” I protested, “I don’t think I can do this. I’m ____30____ of losing.” Alex replied, “You don’t need a hard serve to ____31____. Just get the ball over the net. The winner is usually the one with ____32____ unforced mistakes.” His words impressed me. I realized the biggest ____33____ is not trying at all. With newfound ____34____, I walked back towards Coach Johnson. I raised my hand to ____35____ my readiness. “Glad to have you back,” he said, smiling and the team erupted into cheers. 21. A. lowered B. rolled C. straightened D. sat 22. A. promising B. permitting C. pressuring D. preferring 23. A. wrist B. hand C. finger D. knee 24. A. looked B. slid C. pulled D. knocked 25. A. drove B. rode C. went D. shot 26. A. specifically B. particularly C. eventually D. occasionally 27. A. intended B. interested C. prepared D. qualified 28. A. partner B. coach C. classmate D. colleague 29. A. in favor of B. in defence of C. in honor of D. in charge of 30. A. scared B. ignorant C. incapable D. aware 31. A. defeat B. survive C. win D. recover 32. A. major B. various C. fewer D. odd 33. A. image B. performance C. comment D. mistake 34. A. determination B. devotion C. curiosity D. attempt 35. A. request B. represent C. declare D. signal 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者手腕受伤后逃避网球比赛，在网球偶像Alex的鼓励下，意识到不应害怕失败，最终决定重返赛场的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天，当我把车开进高中的停车场时，我把连帽衫拉到脸上，在驾驶座上低下身子，以避开我的网球队队员。A. lowered降低，使……低下；B. rolled滚动；C. straightened挺直；D. sat坐。根据前文“I pulled my hoodie (连帽衫) over my face”和后文“to avoid my tennis team”可知，作者不想被队员看到，所以会把连帽衫拉到脸上并低下身子。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期以来，他们一直给我施压，让我加入球队。A. promising承诺；B. permitting允许；C. pressuring施压；D. preferring更喜欢。从前文作者“pulled my hoodie (连帽衫) over my face and ____ down in the driver’s seat to avoid my tennis team”这种躲避球队的行为可推知，作者感受到了来自队员的压力，所以想逃避。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的手腕受伤了，不得不学会用另一只手发球。A. wrist手腕；B. hand手；C. finger手指；D. knee膝盖。根据前文“I had my wrist (手腕) injured and had to learn to serve (发球) with my other”和后文“It could take years for a former leftie to develop a quite good right-handed serve.”可知，作者手腕受伤，只能学习用另一只手，即右手发球。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从车里滑了出来。A. looked看；B. slid滑动，滑出；C. pulled拉；D. knocked敲。前文提到作者在驾驶座上低下身子躲避队员，结合这种不想引人注意的状态，动词“slid”能形象地体现出作者从车里悄无声息地出来的样子。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我快速走过，试图不理他。A. drove驾驶；B. rode骑；C. went去；D. shot快速移动。前文“Coach Johnson called out from the court”表明教练叫住作者，而后文“trying to ignore him”说明作者不想理会教练，所以会快速走过。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我特别尴尬。A. specifically明确地；B. particularly特别，尤其；C. eventually最终；D. occasionally偶尔。前文作者试图躲避教练，而教练却又把作者叫住，这种场景会让作者感到特别尴尬。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要更多时间来恢复，还没有准备好面对压力。A. intended有意的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. prepared准备好的；D. qualified有资格的。根据前文“It could take years for a former leftie to develop a quite good right-handed serve.”和“I needed more time to recover”可知，作者手腕受伤，需要重新练习右手发球，觉得还需要更多时间，所以自认为还没准备好面对比赛压力。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我看到了亚历克斯，我的网球偶像和前双打搭档，在球场的另一边。A. partner搭档；B. coach教练；C. classmate同学；D. colleague同事。从后文的语境可知作者和Alex一起在网球方面有一定交集，而“doubles(双打)”明确表明Alex是作者之前的双打搭档。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我以为他会为我说话，但他问我：“嘿，你还打算再打球吗？”这让我很惊讶。A. in favor of支持；B. in defence of为……辩护；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in charge of负责。前文作者一直逃避比赛，在这种情况下，作者以为Alex会站在自己这边，为自己不打球的事情说话，与下文“but he surprised me by asking, ‘Hey, are you ever going to play again?’”构成转折关系。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抗议道：“我觉得我做不到。我害怕输。”A. scared害怕的；B. ignorant无知的；C. incapable无能力的；D. aware意识到的。从前文作者手腕受伤后逃避比赛，以及前文“I don’t think I can do this”可以看出作者对比赛有恐惧心理，害怕输。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯回答说：“你不需要强有力的发球来获胜。只要把球打过网就行。”A. defeat打败；B. survive生存；C. win获胜；D. recover恢复。后文“The winner is usually the one...”明确提到了获胜者的情况，所以这里说的是不需要强力发球也能获胜。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：获胜者通常是失误较少的人。A. major主要的；B. various各种各样的；C. fewer更少的；D. odd奇怪的。根据常识，结合后文描述获胜者的情况，可知失误少的人更容易获胜。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到最大的错误就是根本不去尝试。A. image形象；B. performance表现；C. comment评论；D. mistake错误。前文作者因为害怕失败而逃避比赛，听了Alex的话后，意识到不尝试才是最大的错误。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着新的决心，我朝约翰逊教练走去。A. determination决心；B. devotion奉献；C. curiosity好奇心；D. attempt尝试。根据前文Alex的话“Just get the ball over the net. The winner is usually the one with ____ unforced mistakes.”和“His words impressed me.”可知，Alex的话让作者有所感悟，意识到不应害怕失败，所以有了重新回到赛场的决心。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我举起手示意我准备好了。A. request请求；B. represent代表；C. declare宣布；D. signal示意。前文提到作者带着决心走向教练，结合“I raised my hand”可推知，此时举起手是为了示意自己准备好参加比赛了。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Wang Jibing, known as the food delivery poet, received an invitation to participate in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala as a representative of ordinary yet remarkable ____36____ (individual), he was overjoyed. Born in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, Wang ____37____ (quit) school at 14 and has tried a variety of jobs over the past decades. In 2018, he began working as a deliveryman in Kunshan, Jiangsu. Despite the ____38____ (favorable) living conditions, he has never given up writing poems. In 2022, one of Wang’s friends posted his poem Man in a Hurry online, which became ____39____ instant hit and was viewed over 20 million times. So far, Wang has written over 4,000 poems, many of which, ____40____ Man in a Hurry, Forgive, and New temple, are obviously impacted by his working experiences as a deliveryman. Wang finds much of his ____41____ (inspire) on the road. He enjoys his job as a deliveryman, ____42____, he believes, fuels his creativity. These days, the food delivery poet hardly has time to take any orders. His days ____43____ (fill) with book signings, appearances in the media and various activities across the country. However, Wang still goes out to deliver food whenever he returns to Kunshan. Today, ____44____ (weave) through the streets and alleys (小巷) of the city brings him much enjoyment ____45____ inspires extraordinary art in him. 【答案】36. individuals 37 quit##quitted 38. unfavorable 39. an 40. like 41. inspiration 42. which 43. are filled 44. weaving 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是被称为“外卖诗人”的王计兵，他在艰苦的生活条件下坚持写诗，并因诗歌在网络上走红后受邀参加央视春晚的经历。 【36题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：当被称为外卖诗人的王计兵收到作为普通而杰出个人代表参加中央电视台春节联欢晚会的邀请时，他非常高兴。individual为可数名词，作宾语，空前无限定词，所以此处需用复数形式表示泛指。故填individuals。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：王计兵出生于江苏省徐州市，14岁辍学，在过去的几十年里尝试过各种工作。根据时间状语at 14可知，此处用一般过去时，谓语动词为动词过去式，quit的过去式可以是quit或quitted。故填quit/quitted。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管生活条件不佳，他从未放弃写诗。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词短语living conditions，根据句意和逻辑关系，应使用favorable的反义词unfavorable。故填unfavorable。 39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：2022年，王计兵的一个朋友在网上发布了他的《赶时间的人》这首诗，该诗立即成为热门话题，浏览量超过2000万次。hit意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一个热门话题”为泛指意义，且instant以元音音素开头，前面需用不定冠词an。故填an。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：到目前为止，王计兵已经写了超过4000首诗，其中许多像《赶时间的人》、《请原谅》和《新寺庙》，明显受到了他作为外卖员的工作经历的影响。空后为名词，所以此处使用介词，结合句意，此处列举的是一些事例，所以此处使用介词like意为“像，如同……”符合句意。故填like。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：王计兵在道路上找到了很多灵感。此处为名词作宾语，inspire的名词为inspiration意为“灵感”符合句意，且为不可数名词。故填inspiration。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他喜欢自己的外卖员工作，他认为这激发了他的创造力。此处为关系词引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，该句中的he believes为插入语，先行词his job as a deliveryman指的是事物，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：他的日子被签名售书、媒体露面和全国各地的各种活动所填满。此处为谓语动词，根据上文的谓语动词has可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语His days与fill之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，强调个体，所以谓语动词为复数形式。故填are filled。 【44题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：如今，穿梭于昆山市的大街小巷给他带来了许多快乐，并且激励了他创作出非凡的艺术作品。此处为非谓语动词作主语，表示经常性发生的动作，所以使用动名词形式weaving作主语。故填weaving。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，穿梭于昆山市的大街小巷给他带来了许多快乐，并且激励了他创作出非凡的艺术作品。此处为连词连接两个并列谓语动词brings和inspires，所以此处使用并列连词and。故填and。 第三节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列各句，根据汉语或首字母，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 46. Sadly, many species have become e______ and many are in danger of dying out. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】extinct##xtinct 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：可悲的是，许多物种已经灭绝，而且许多物种正面临灭绝的危险。根据首字母e可知，此处表示“灭绝的”，应用形容词extinct，作表语。故填extinct。 47. She was over the age limit and, as a c______, her application was rejected. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】consequence##onsequence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她超过了年龄限制，因此，她的申请被拒绝了。“申请被拒绝”是“超过了年龄限制”的结果，结合首字母提示，用名词consequence(结果，后果)构成固定短语as a consequence，作状语，意为“因此，结果”，符合语境。故填consequence。 48 The workers all breathed a sigh of r______ when the mean boss left their workshop. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】relief##elief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当刻薄的老板离开他们的车间时，工人们都如释重负地松了一口气。根据语境，结合首字母提示，用名词relief构成短语“a sigh of relief”，意为“如释重负”。故填relief。 49. Saving our planet, lifting people out of p______, and advancing economic growth are one and the same fight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】poverty##overty 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：拯救我们的地球、让人们摆脱贫困以及推动经济增长是一场相同的战斗。根据语境，“lifting people out of…”表示“让人们摆脱……”，结合首字母提示，用不可数名词poverty作宾语，意为“贫困”，符合题意。故填poverty。 50. I would a______ it if you could give me an early reply. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】appreciate##ppreciate 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果您能尽早给我答复，我将不胜感激。根据单词首字母可知用动词appreciate，为句型I would appreciate it if 表示“如果……我将非常感谢”可知，该空应填动词原形。故填appreciate。 51. The works of Shakespeare have achieved a high degree of ______ (永久性) in literature. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanence 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：莎士比亚的作品在文学上具有高度的永久性。根据汉语提示可知用名词permanence，作宾语，故填permanence。 52. After losing the case, the company decided to ______(发起) an appeal to the high court. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】file 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：败诉后，该公司决定向高等法院提起上诉。file an appeal是固定搭配，表示“正式提出上诉”。decide to do sth决定做某事。故填file。 53. A typhoon is a ______ (具有破坏性的) storm that occurs in the north-east Pacific Ocean. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destructive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：台风是发生在东北太平洋的一种破坏性风暴。根据汉语提示“具有破坏性的”可知，此处应填形容词destructive，修饰名词storm，作前置定语。故填destructive。 54. She found a delicious ______ (食谱) for chocolate cake in a cooking magazine and couldn’t wait to try it out. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recipe 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她在一本烹饪杂志上发现了一份美味的巧克力蛋糕食谱，迫不及待地想试试。“食谱”作宾语，用名词recipe，结合冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填recipe。 55. Baidu recently ______ (发布) a statement denying that the “doxing” information originated from its database. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】released##issued##delivered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：百度最近发布了一份声明，否认“人肉搜索”信息源自其数据库。“发布”作主句谓语，用动词release/issue/deliver，与主语Baidu之间是主动关系，结合句意和从句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填released或issued或delivered 。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.学习活动状况描述；2.简单评论；3.你的建议。 写作要求：1.词数80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Learning English Beyond the Classroom ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Learning English Beyond the Classroom Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are learning English beyond the classroom in various ways. It can easily be seen from the chart that the percentage of students who prefer listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing to read English books and visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. As far as I’m concerned, it is a disturbing trend. For students, what benefits their study most is reading English books. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. It’s urgent for students themselves to discipline themselves, and it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题写一篇短文投稿，就图表中呈现的不同课外英语学习方式的占比进行描述和评论，并提出建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 流行：popularity → prevalence 分别地：respectively → separately 担忧的：disturbing → worrying 自律：self-discipline → self-control 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are learning English beyond the classroom in various ways. 拓展句：Nowadays, as smartphones and computers are growing more and more popular, an increasing number of students are learning English beyond the classroom in various ways.. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It can easily be seen from the chart that the percentage of students who prefer listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，且从句中包含who引导的定语从句 ） 【高分句型2】For students, what benefits their study most is reading English books.（运用了what引导的主语从句 ） 第二节 读后续写(满分15分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kevin got up early that morning. The thought of going camping with his friends filled him with excitement. As he was leaving, Jason, his dad, grabbed him by the hand and said, “Before you go, just tell me where you are going to stay.” “But dad! We are 18 now,” Kevin complained. “No buts!” Jason added. “Fine,” Kevin told him the directions and left. The three friends, Kevin, Jay and Nathan, had been planning this two-day adventure for weeks, packing their stuff — tents, snacks, and a map into their car. Excitement ran through the three young men as they headed for their campsite. “This trip must be wonderful,” Nathan excitedly yelled as they set off. But little did they know that nature had a surprise for them. The first day at the campsite was going great, setting up tents, collecting firewood, and sharing stories. Yet towards night, as the dark clouds gathered overhead, the atmosphere changed, and a sudden storm erupted with unforgiving anger. Rain poured down from the heaven like waterfall, turning the peaceful campsites into a muddy battlefield. Worse still, a huge tree was uprooted and crashed down on their only means of escape — their car. Kevin’s eyes widened in horror as he spotted the damaged car beneath the fallen giant. “We are stuck,” he screamed, his voice a mixture of disbelief and despair (绝望). The once quiet campsite now stood as a deserted battlefield, the fallen tree serving as a painful reminder of the unpredictable (无法预料的) nature of the world around them. With time passing by, more challenges appeared — limited water and food, dead phones, frightful night filled with wilderness sounds, and uncertainty of survival. A total silence fell around them. 注意： 1．续写词数应为100词左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their nerves were on the edge of breaking down when a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Their nerves were on the edge of breaking down when a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness. It was a group of local villagers who came to their rescue, guided by the faint signals from Kevin’s broken phone, which he had unknowingly activated in his pocket. The villagers explained that they had heard about the storm and decided to check on campers in the area, fearing that someone might be in trouble. What they saw was a scene of destruction, but they immediately set to work, using ropes and tools to clear the tree and assess the damage. Kevin realized that, although they had faced unexpected danger, it was the kindness of strangers that would help them get through this ordeal, which was a lesson he would never forget. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。Kevin和朋友们计划已久的露营之旅遭遇意外，暴风雨摧毁了他们的营地，大树砸坏了汽车，他们被困在荒野中，面临食物和水短缺、手机无信号等生存挑战，陷入绝望。 【详解】1.段落续写： 由句首内容“当远处传来发动机的声音打破了这可怕的寂静时，他们的神经已经濒临崩溃。”可知，本段可以描写救援队伍到来后，Kevin和他的朋友们从绝望到希望的心理转变，以及他们如何与救援者互动，最终安全脱险并对此次经历有所感悟。 2.续写线索：听到引擎声，感到希望——看到救援者，情绪稳定——了解救援过程，心生感激——跟随救援者离开，回顾经历——感悟人生，珍惜善意。 3.词汇激活 行为类： ① 前来救援他们：come to their rescue/rush to save them ② 清理树木：clear the tree/remove the fallen tree ③ 评估损失：assess the damage/evaluate the damage 情绪类： ① 害怕：fear/be scared ②意外危险：unexpected danger/surprise danger 【点睛】【高分句型1】It was a group of local villagers who came to their rescue, guided by the faint signals from Kevin’s broken phone, which he had unknowingly activated in his pocket. (运用了who引导的限制性定从句、which引导的非限制性定从句) 【高分句型2】What they saw was a scene of destruction, but they immediately set to work, using ropes and tools to clear the tree and assess the damage. (运用了What引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一期中调研试卷 英语 2025.04 注意事项： 1．本卷满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2．答卷前，学生务必将自己的学校、姓名、调研序列号等相关信息填写在答题卡上规定的地方。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本卷上无效。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在调研卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which color do the speakers probably prefer? A．Yellow. B．Brown. C．Black. 2．Why is the woman asking about the Wi-Fi? A．She is unable to download things B．She wants to know the password. C．She fails to connect to it. 3．What does the man mean? A．He prefers tea drinks. B．He wants a hot coffee. C．He finds the coffee too sweet. 4．Who will the woman probably meet this week? A．Her Chinese teacher. B．Her working partners. C．Her sister. 5．What is the woman doing now? A．Taking a driving lesson. B．Asking for directions. C．Attending an exam. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7小题。 6．How does Julie sound when hearing about Earth Day at first? A．Uninterested. B．Confused. C．Excited. 7．What will the speakers most likely start doing? A．Using plastic-free bags. B．Changing house lights. C．Recycling plastic bottles. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10小题。 8．What are the speakers talking about? A．An exercise plan for memberships. B．An announcement of gym rules. C．A promotion for a new gym. 9．When will the speakers’ new plan be declared? A．One month later. B．Two weeks later. C．Tomorrow. 10．What will the man do next? A．Make a phone call. B．Speak to a trainer. C．Make a meal. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13小题。 11．What is the man? A．A student. B．A math teacher. C．A course advisor. 12．What’s Jenny’s favorite subject? A．Art. B．Math. C．Literature. 13．What does the man suggest Jenny do? A．Challenge herself with advanced math. B．Take a variety of classes. C．Develop a new hobby. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16小题。 14．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a data center. B．In a computer lab. C．In a meeting room. 15．Which of ChatGPT’s abilities is the woman most interested in? A．Text translation. B．Content creation. C．Customer service. 16．What does Jason’s daily job probably include? A．Developing software. B．Fixing the screen. C．Giving speeches. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。 17．Who is the speaker talking to now? A．His classmates. B．His parents. C．His history teacher. 18．Where was Gagarin from? A．France. B．Russia. C．America. 19．What happened in 1961? A．Gagarin was selected for a space program. B．Gagarin retired from his job C．Gagarin entered space. 20．What quality does the speaker want to learn from Gagarin? A．Bravery. B．Confidence. C．Determination. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A The Renaissance (文艺复兴) was one of the most lively periods in the history of European art and culture, producing remarkable developments in painting, music, philosophy, science and so on. Want to better understand this period and its lasting influence? We have designed a specialized course for you. In this course, we examine the meaning of the term “Renaissance”, and learn about the influence of humanism, and the rise of the individual. Jo Walton, an art historian and lecturer specializing in the art of the Italian Renaissance and in aspects of British art of the 20th century, will be your tutor (导师). Arrangements Each session (一场) lasts for 2 hours from 5:30 to 7:30 pm, and includes a lecture delivered by the lecturer followed by a short break and further discussion. Time will be allowed for questions and discussions via (通过) Q&A．Handouts will be available via your National Gallery account on Tuesday mornings. Can’t make Wednesday evenings? No problem. Each session is recorded and made available to you for the duration of the course, up until 2 weeks after the final session. A video of the week’s lecture will be uploaded and available for you to watch via your National Gallery account on Friday afternoons. Booking information This is an online ticketed course hosted on Zoom. Please book a ticket to access the course. Only one ticket can be booked per account. You will be emailed an E-ticket with instructions on how to access the course via your National Gallery account. Price Standard: £90 Concessions (优惠): £75 Concessions are for students, job-seekers, and disabled adults. 1. What do we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Individualism promotes the rise of Renaissance. B. The course covers humanism’s impact. C. Renaissance mainly develops in Italy. D. Walton specializes in Italian art. 2. What can people do if they succeed in accessing the course? A. Get online handouts beforehand. B. Ask the lecturer questions offline. C. Deliver a lecture and have a further discussion. D. Watch a recorded video every Friday afternoon. 3. How much would a jobless father and his 12-year-old son pay for the course? A. £165. B. £180. C. £150. D. £145. B On the blue ocean surrounding Weizhou Island in Guangxi, a group of volunteers are preparing to dive into the water. Huang Wen and his team have spent years planting, monitoring and surveying coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the island, diving into the waters more than 500 times as part of efforts to restore its coral reefs. As a professor at the School of Marine (海洋的) Sciences at Guangxi University, Huang developed a strong interest in coral reefs during his diving trips in Malaysia, where he discovered a lively underwater world that looked like a magical aquarium (水族馆) filled with colorful coral. Those trips left a lasting impression on him. “I remember my first dive underwater at Weizhou Island in 2015. I was so disappointed to find low coral coverage,” recalled Huang, explaining why he joined the university’s team to make a change. Huang said that not only do coral reefs play an important part in keeping the balance of underwater ecosystem, but they also act as a protective barrier for natural disasters such as storms and tsunamis. “Coral reefs are the ‘Great Wall’ of the seabed, capable of keeping out 70% to 90%of wave impacts. Without them, the sandy coastal rocks are easily washed away,” explained Huang. Since the 1950s, global coral reef degradation has become increasingly severe, endangering their survival and leading to the marine life’s dying out. Under Huang’s guidance, the team has successfully grown more than 10 coral species and over 50,000 individual corals, marking great progress in their restoration efforts. Their hard work has resulted in a survival rate of over 80% for coral in the northern restoration zone, making coral communities thrive and attract diverse marine life. “I hope more people will join our cause to protect coral reefs,” Huang said, “In the future, our team will continue to perfect our technology and restore more damaged coral reefs. Once our experience on Weizhou Island matures, we plan to expand it to the South China Sea and even overseas.” 4. What drove Huang Wen to volunteer to protect coral reefs? A. His disappointment with the low coral coverage. B. His concerns for the island protection. C. His curiosity about the Marine life. D. His interest in coral reefs. 5 Why are coral reefs important according to the text? A. They can prevent natural disasters. B. They can restore the seabed. C. They can beautify the coastal rocks. D. They can block most wave impacts. 6. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Grow slowly. B. Live peacefully. C. Develop well. D. Survive narrowly. 7. What is the best title of this passage? A. Guardian of the Reef B. Underwater “Great Wall” C. Volunteer of Weizhou Island D. Endangered Underwater World C A few years back, you started a vacation with friends, creating treasured memories of beach walks, ocean swims, and amazing sunsets. However, the trip had its share of challenges: long drives, food concerns, and unpredictable weather. Over time, you find yourself recalling the pleasant moments while the inconveniences disappear gradually. This is known as rosy retrospection (回忆), a cognitive bias (认知偏见) where we remember past events more positively than they actually were. This phenomenon results from how our brains work to form memories. When recalling events, our brains tend to focus more on the positive aspects and put less emphasis on the negative ones. This selective memory helps maintain emotional well-being by allowing us to remove discomfort from past experiences. Nostalgia (怀旧) also plays a significant role by awakening feelings of warmth and belonging, leading to a more positive view of the past. Furthermore, our current emotional state and self-advancement bias can influence how we remember past events, making them seem more favorable. For instance, if we are feeling down, we might recall happier times to better our mood. While rosy retrospection can uplift our moods, increase life satisfaction, and aid in coping with difficult situations by providing a sense of continuity and positive self-identity, it can also create an unrealistic view of the past, leading to decisions based on idealized memories rather than reality. This is one reason why we might repeatedly return to unhealthy relationships. The longer time passes since an event, the more likely we are to let the good memories outweigh the bad, and perhaps even forgive unforgivable behavior. Realizing and understanding this cognitive bias is important for making right and beneficial decisions. This awareness can help us avoid falling into the trap of idealizing the past so that we can learn from our experiences without being misled by the overly positive lens (透镜) of rosy retrospection. 8. How do people with rosy retrospection typically behave? A. They share challenges of trips happily. B. They view previous experiences positively. C. They recall the pleasant moments with bias. D. They create treasured vacation memories with ease. 9. How many factors contribute to the phenomenon of rosy retrospection? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The potential risks of rosy retrospection. B. The positive effects of rosy retrospection. C. The necessity of focusing on positive experiences. D. The benefits of returning to unhealthy relationships. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward rosy retrospection? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Unconcerned. D. Balanced. D There’s a cat-and-mouse game between those using generative (生成的) AI chatbots to produce text undiscovered and those trying to catch them. Many believe the telltale signs do exist, but they don’t know exactly what the differences are. Researchers at four U. S. universities, however, have taken a better approach, identifying linguistic (语言学的) fingerprints that reveal which large language model (LLM) produced a given text. “All these chatbots are coming out every day, and we interact with them, but we don’t really understand the differences between them,” says Mingjie Sun, a researcher at Carnegie Mellon University and lead author of the study. “By training a machine learning classifier (分类器) to do this task, and by looking at the performance of that classifier, we can then tell the difference between different LLMs.” Sun and his colleagues developed a machine learning model that analyzed the outputs of five popular LLMs, and was able to tell them apart with 97.1% accuracy(精确性). Their machine learning model uncovered distinct speech patterns unique to each LLM. ChatGPT’s GPT — 4 model, for instance, tends to use “utilize” more than other models. DeepSeek is partial to saying “certainly”. Google’s Gemini often begins its conclusions with the word “essentially”, while Anthropic’s Claude overuses phrases like “according to” and “according to the text” when referring to its sources. xAI’s Grok stands out as more talkative, often reminding users to “remember” key points while guiding them through arguments with “not only” and “but also”. “The writing and the word choices are different,” says Yida Yin, a researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, and a coauthor of the paper. These findings can assist users in selecting the best model for specific writing tasks — or aid those trying to catch AI-generated text pretending to be human work. So, remember: according to this study, if a model uses certain words, it’s certainly possible to identify it. 12. What is the purpose of the study? A. To improve different LLMs. B. To produce undiscovered AI texts. C. To tell different LLMs apart. D. To identify which LLM is better. 13. What tool did the researchers use to conduct the study? A. A machine learning classifier. B. Linguistic fingerprints. C. Five popular LLMs. D. AI chatbots. 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Potential application of the research findings. B. Further explanation of the research methods. C. Detailed description of the research process. D. Supportive examples of the research results. 15. In what aspect might users benefit from these findings? A. Model selection. B. Text production. C. Model building. D. Text writing. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As deadly wildfires continue to sweep through California, it now seems important to understand how wildfires work. ____16____ Though the exact source of wildfires is unclear, authorities have claimed that 95% of fires in California are started by people. Experts aren’t yet able to forecast wildfire outbreaks. ____17____ Firefighters refer to it as the fire triangle: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. Four fifths of wildfires are started by people, but drought and strong winds can create the perfect conditions for a disaster. Worldwide, wildfire smoke causes 339,000 deaths per year, according to estimates. ____18____ Potentially deadly airborne, microscopic particles (微粒) can thicken the blood. Smoke also contains carbon monoxide, causing long-lasting damage to the heart. ____19____ In northern forests, which store more carbon than any other terrestrial (陆地的) ecosystem, climate change is causing wildfires to occur more frequently, further speeding up the emission of carbon and worsening global warming. However, wildlife tends to have a very different relationship with fire. ____20____ For example, some birds will fly in to feed on bark beetles (树皮甲虫) in dead trees. That’s not to say, all wild animals call fire a friend — there are some who can’t escape the quickly spreading flames. Slow-moving animals such as koalas, whose nature is to hide into a tree, may end up trapped. In this case, wildlife falls victim to climate change tragically. A. And it is more important to know how to prevent wildfires. B. Besides health problems, forest fires actually have the ability to heat up the entire planet. C. Some have evolved to live with it, and some even grow better after fires. D. Wildfires have damaging effects on the habitats of wildlife. E. However, there are three conditions that must be present in order for a wildfire to burn. F. Sharp increases in asthma (哮喘) attacks have been reported when smoke blankets the places where people live. G. Of equal importance is to realize the long-term effects of wildfires on our health and the environment. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As I turned into the parking lot at the high school the other day, I pulled my hoodie (连帽衫) over my face and ____21____ down in the driver’s seat to avoid my tennis team. They had been ____22____ me for weeks to join the team. I had my wrist (手腕) injured and had to learn to serve (发球) with my other ____23____. It could take years for a former leftie to develop a quite good right-handed serve. I ____24____ out of the car. “Hey!” Coach Johnson called out from the court. “Are you going to play in the match next week?” I ____25____ past, trying to ignore him. “Hey, come back here!” I felt ____26____ embarrassed. I needed more time to recover and wasn’t ____27____ to face the pressure. Just then, I saw Alex, my tennis role model and former doubles ____28____, on the other side of the court. I thought he would speak ____29____ me, but he surprised me by asking, “Hey, are you ever going to play again?” I protested, “I don’t think I can do this. I’m ____30____ of losing.” Alex replied, “You don’t need a hard serve to ____31____. Just get the ball over the net. The winner is usually the one with ____32____ unforced mistakes.” His words impressed me. I realized the biggest ____33____ is not trying at all. With newfound ____34____, I walked back towards Coach Johnson. I raised my hand to ____35____ my readiness. “Glad to have you back,” he said, smiling and the team erupted into cheers. 21. A. lowered B. rolled C. straightened D. sat 22. A. promising B. permitting C. pressuring D. preferring 23. A. wrist B. hand C. finger D. knee 24. A. looked B. slid C. pulled D. knocked 25. A. drove B. rode C. went D. shot 26. A. specifically B. particularly C. eventually D. occasionally 27. A. intended B. interested C. prepared D. qualified 28. A. partner B. coach C. classmate D. colleague 29. A. in favor of B. in defence of C. in honor of D. in charge of 30. A. scared B. ignorant C. incapable D. aware 31. A. defeat B. survive C. win D. recover 32. A. major B. various C. fewer D. odd 33. A. image B. performance C. comment D. mistake 34. A. determination B. devotion C. curiosity D. attempt 35. A. request B. represent C. declare D. signal 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Wang Jibing, known as the food delivery poet, received an invitation to participate in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala as a representative of ordinary yet remarkable ____36____ (individual), he was overjoyed. Born in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, Wang ____37____ (quit) school at 14 and has tried a variety of jobs over the past decades. In 2018, he began working as a deliveryman in Kunshan, Jiangsu. Despite the ____38____ (favorable) living conditions, he has never given up writing poems. In 2022, one of Wang’s friends posted his poem Man in a Hurry online, which became ____39____ instant hit and was viewed over 20 million times. So far, Wang has written over 4,000 poems, many of which, ____40____ Man in a Hurry, Forgive, and New temple, are obviously impacted by his working experiences as a deliveryman. Wang finds much of his ____41____ (inspire) on the road. He enjoys his job as a deliveryman, ____42____, he believes, fuels his creativity. These days, the food delivery poet hardly has time to take any orders. His days ____43____ (fill) with book signings, appearances in the media and various activities across the country. However Wang still goes out to deliver food whenever he returns to Kunshan. Today, ____44____ (weave) through the streets and alleys (小巷) of the city brings him much enjoyment ____45____ inspires extraordinary art in him. 第三节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列各句，根据汉语或首字母，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。 46. Sadly, many species have become e______ and many are in danger of dying out. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. She was over the age limit and, as a c______, her application was rejected. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The workers all breathed a sigh of r______ when the mean boss left their workshop. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. Saving our planet, lifting people out of p______, and advancing economic growth are one and the same fight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. I would a______ it if you could give me an early reply. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. The works of Shakespeare have achieved a high degree of ______ (永久性) in literature. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. After losing the case, the company decided to ______(发起) an appeal to the high court. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. A typhoon is a ______ (具有破坏性的) storm that occurs in the north-east Pacific Ocean. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. She found a delicious ______ (食谱) for chocolate cake in a cooking magazine and couldn’t wait to try it out. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Baidu recently ______ (发布) a statement denying that the “doxing” information originated from its database. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 56. 学校英文报正在开展以“Learning English Beyond the Classroom”为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.学习活动状况描述；2.简单评论；3.你的建议。 写作要求：1.词数80左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Learning English Beyond the Classroom ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分15分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kevin got up early that morning. The thought of going camping with his friends filled him with excitement. As he was leaving, Jason, his dad, grabbed him by the hand and said, “Before you go, just tell me where you are going to stay.” “But dad! We are 18 now,” Kevin complained. “No buts!” Jason added “Fine,” Kevin told him the directions and left. The three friends, Kevin, Jay and Nathan, had been planning this two-day adventure for weeks, packing their stuff — tents, snacks, and a map into their car. Excitement ran through the three young men as they headed for their campsite. “This trip must be wonderful,” Nathan excitedly yelled as they set off. But little did they know that nature had a surprise for them. The first day at the campsite was going great, setting up tents, collecting firewood, and sharing stories. Yet towards night, as the dark clouds gathered overhead, the atmosphere changed, and a sudden storm erupted with unforgiving anger. Rain poured down from the heaven like waterfall, turning the peaceful campsites into a muddy battlefield. Worse still, a huge tree was uprooted and crashed down on their only means of escape — their car. Kevin’s eyes widened in horror as he spotted the damaged car beneath the fallen giant. “We are stuck,” he screamed, his voice a mixture of disbelief and despair (绝望). The once quiet campsite now stood as a deserted battlefield, the fallen tree serving as a painful reminder of the unpredictable (无法预料的) nature of the world around them. With time passing by, more challenges appeared — limited water and food, dead phones, frightful night filled with wilderness sounds, and uncertainty of survival. A total silence fell around them. 注意： 1．续写词数应为100词左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Their nerves were on the edge of breaking down when a distant engine sound broke the terrible stillness. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $