专题13 主谓一致-【赢在高中起跑线】英语初高中教材衔接 知识回顾预习 专题特训（2025年）

参考答案 l2.was invited主语后带有as well as连接的成分时，谓语 1.to take 2.dining 3.conducted 4.born 5.saving 动词应和主语保持人称和数的一致，故谓语动词应与 6.to help 7.to offer 8.to pack 9.to create 10.reaching the famous musician在数上保持一致，故用第三人称单 0 效形式：且musician与invite之间为被动关系，再根据句 1.to test 2.placed 3.keeping 4.to get 5.carrying 中标志词at the opening ceremony of the2o12 Taipei 6.trying 7.pushing 8.lying 9.saying 10.to improve Flower Expe0可知，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故 IV.1.living 2.to see 3.to buy 4.the 5.to be produced 填was invited, 6.taking 7.breathing 8.to mix 9.to be 10.is believed 13.is句意：一般来说，学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高 专题十一 情态动词 期望对他们的发展是重要的。由wth连接的两个成分 作主语，即A with B,谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持 轻松训练 一致，所以本句谓语动词应该和students'inner motiva 1.B从第二个分句“他太矮了”可以推知说话者持否定态 tion保持一致，用单数。本句说的是一般情况，所以用一 度，needn't意思是“没有必要”，与语境不符。 般现在时态。 2.C根据句意“我已经告诉她怎样到那儿，但是或许我应 14.ar心句意：这所大学估计留学生一年的生活费用大约是 该给地写下来”可知，说话者含有“后悔、遗感”的意味，应 8450美元，这对于他们中的一些人来说是个负担。因为 使用“情态动词十完成式”形式，“must十完成式”表示对 宾语从句的主语是living expenses,是复效，所以谓语动 过去的肯定推测，“should-十完成式”才表示虚拟意义。 词要用复数形式are 3C根据第二分句“否则的话他就会给我打电话了”可知 15,is句意：所有的科学证据都表明，化学制品在农业上使 “Jack肯定还没到”，“can't十完成式”意思是“根本不可 用得越来越多，而这正在危害我们的健康。that引导的 能” 从句为宾语从句，且从句的主语是us,为不可数名词， 4.A从第二分句可知，这是妇女和儿童专用候车室，因此 故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；本句说的是客观事 你“不准”坐在这儿。mustn't表示“禁止，不准”。 实，故时态应用一般现在时。 5.Bcan在此表示许可。 6.D从后一句“他喜欢开车”可知说话者把握不大。must 16.maks句意：我现在记不起地的脸了，但是回顾那次事 件让我很高兴。动名词短语recalling the incident作主 not不表示推测，can not的语气太绝对，意思是“根本不 语，谓语动词用单数。 可能”。 17.s句意：省钱是你开始行动之前几个月需要开始的。 7.D shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、 警告、允诺、成胁等意思。 动名词短语saving money作主语，谓语动词用单数。 18.w5句意：我每小时被支付九美元，这比学校邮局支付 8.C should在此表示惊讶的感情色彩，意思是“竟然”。 9.B对祈使句的肯定回答用1wil:否定回答用Iwon't。 我们的要多三美元。作定语从句主语的关系代词which 指代nine dollars;表示钱数的名词复数形式作主语，谓 10.D根据句意“我今天上午在会议室没见到地”，所以“她 语动词用单数：根据主句时态判断此空填ws。 根本不可能在会上发言”。表示“根本不可能”用can't/ couldn't have done形式。 l9.threats句意：但是熊们对威胁到它们所知的唯一的家 的危险没有任何准备。作定语从句主语的关系代词tat 专题十二 语气 指的是先行词danger,.故从句谓语动词用单数：由主语 轻松训练 时态判断填一般现在时单数第三人称形式。 I.1.be taken 2.be found 20.s句意：当有人发现澳大利亚无尾雕的时候我们变得 Il.1.would have accomplished 2.can 3.could/might 兴奋起来，它是澳太铁路的象征。在非限制性定语从句 4.had caught 5.had 6.can 7.needn't 8.wouldn't 中作主语的关系代词which指代eagle,谓语动词用单 have been 9.Were 10.needn't 11.had told 12.couldn't 数：从句所讲的内容是事实，句子应该用一殷现在时，故 13.had not been/hadn't been 14.had 15.had been 填is。 16.would have 17.danced 18.must 19.be split 专题十四 句子的成分及结构 20.be considered 21.would have had 22.would want 轻松训练 专题十三主谓一致 I,1.主语2.宾语3.表语4.谓语5.宾语补足语 轻松训练 6.宾语7.状语8.主语补足语9.定语 1. II.1.SV 2.SVO 3.SVOC 4.SP 5.SP 6.SVOA 1.gives 2.are 3.is 4.is are 5.were 6.am 7.SV008.存现句 7.has caused 8.wears lll.1.The leaves have turned yellow.(SP) 9.means考查时态和主谓一致。根据直接引语中的ex 2.All of us considered him honest.(SVOC) cites可判断用一般现在时；主语是it,故谓语动词用第三 3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?(SVOO) 人称单数形式。 4.They have carried out the plan successfully.(SVOA) 10.is考查时态和主谓一致。主语是a small part,谓语动 5.The red sun rises in the east.(SVA) 词用单数：此处说明事实，故用一般现在时的第三人称 6.The boys must look after their things.(SVO) 单数形式。 7.The English class begins at eight o'clock.(SVA) 11,s句意：阳朔很漂亮…。根据后文的时态可知这里 8.The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.(SVA) 使用一般现在时，又因为Yangshuo是单数名词，所以这 9.He asked her to take the boy out of school.(SVOC) 里用is。 l0.There is a restaurant around the corner.(存现句) 105一衔接点二初升高知识衔接 12.It was really annoying:I get access to 18.-Can't you stay a little longer? the data bank you had recommended. -It's getting late.I really go now. 13.If it (be)for his invitation the other My daughter is home alone. day.I should not be here now. 19.The Economist can split)into two 14.It might have saved me some trouble parts:World Politics and Current Affairs. known the schedule. 20.It has great potential to improve population 15.I wish I (be)at my sister's wedding health and should (consider)for last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in large-scale use in China,according to the New York then. study. 16.It is lucky we booked a room,or we 21.What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or (have)nowhere to stay now. we (have)a good time together. 17.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I 22.If I were in that situation,I (want) (dance)as well as her. someone to try to find me,"she said. 专题十三主谓一致 课程要求 初中要求 高中要求 初中阶段接触到的主谓一致，主语大都是 高中阶段我们将要学习到不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、 名词、代词、数词，谓语需要根据它们的数 特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。 来确定自己的形式。 知识清单 《初谓致考点聚想 2.The Chinese badminton team is (be)playing magnificently. 考点1语法一致原则 3.The police are (be)looking for the murderer. 1.Everyone except Tom and John was (be)there 4.His Selected Poems was (be)first published when the meeting began. in1965. 5.I think physics is (be)much more useful than 2.Neither of the two brothers lives live)with maths. their parents. 考点3就近原则 3.Playing baseball is (be)Dale's favourite sport. 1.Not only students but also their teacher objects 考点2意义一致原则 (object)to the plan. 用所给词的适当形式填空 2.There are (be)some Chinese and three Ameri- 1.The whole class were (be)greatly moved by his cans in the travelling team. words. 3.Here is (be)a letter and two books for you. 51 衔接必刷题 《高谓致考点聚焦 与最近的 or,either...or...,nei- 主语在单 [考纲解读] ther...nor...,not only...but 就近 复数上保 (also)..等连接 主谓一致是历年高考试题中的主要测试点之 一致 持一致 一，考题主要测试语法一致的原则，意义一致的原 原则 和最邻近 则，就近一致的原则，同时还涉及动词时态、语态和 由there,here引起的主语不止 的主语 修饰等。由于汉语中没有主谓一致现象，所以有时 个时 一致 很难把握这一语法现象。在注意掌握主谓一致的 基本原则的同时，要特别注意语言内容上一致的原 由连词and连接的并列成分指 则。分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、主语从句等用作 的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹 主语的主谓一致问题仍会是今后高考命题的热点。 配出现 [考点清单] no/each every/many a+单数 主谓一致 名词+and(+no/each every 原则 主语 谓语 many a)十单数名词 单数 单数 one:every one/each either/the 复数 复数 number of/the variety of+ 数名词 由and连接的两个并列成分表 示两个不同的概念 clothing,furniture,traffic,jewel- people,police,cattle等有生命 lery,baggage,equipment,luggage 的集体名词 意义 等无生命的集体名词 复数 一致 单数 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式 原则 的名词，如goods,stairs,ams等 以s结尾的表示学科、国家、机 山脉、群岛、瀑布等以s结尾的 构、书籍、报刊等名称的词 专有名词 集体名词class,family,army, 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金 语法team,club,company,popula- 钱、体积等复数名词表达一个 一致tion,minority,enemy,party, 整体概念 原则 crowd,crew,audience,com mittee,government,majority, 由every-,any,some-,no和 group等强调整体时谓语用单 one,-thing,-body等构成的不 数，指个体成员时谓语用复数 定代词 单复数同形的名词，如means, 单复数视 deer,fish,sheep等 动词-ing形式、动词不定式和 情况而定 名词性从句 all,none,some,any等不定 代词 [名师点津](1)在定语从句中，关系代词作 主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但 half/most/enough part/the “one of-十复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动 rest/the last/,lots/plenty/分数 词用复数，而在“the(only/very)one of十复数 ‘百分数十of十名词”作主语， 谓语要和of之后的名词单复 名词”后面所接的定语从句中，谓语动词却用 数保持一致 单数。 52 衔接点二初升高知识衔接 (2)当主语后有介词（短语）with,together/,a 7.Listening to loud music and rock concerts long with,including,like,but,except,other cause)hearing loss in some teenagers than,rather than和as well as等时，谓语动词 so far. 应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 8.Barbara is easy to recognize as she is the only (3)a quantity of quantities of后既可接可数 one of the women who (wear)evening 名词，也可接不可数名词，其谓语动词一般视 dress. quantity的单复数形式而定。 9."This really excites scientists,"Carle Pieters,a (4)a(large)number of后接可数名词复数，其 scientist at Brown University,says,"because it 作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；a great/good (mean)we have the chance to obtain deal of后接不可数名词，其作主语时，谓语动 information about how the moon is constructed." 词常用单数形式。 10.Often,only a small part of a museum's collec- (5)many a,more than one后加可数名词的单 tion (be)on display.Most of it is 数形式，谓语动词常用单数。 stored away or used for research. (6)从句、不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词 11.Yangshuo (be)really beautiful.A study 通常用单数形式。但what引导的主语从句 of travelers conducted by the website TripAd- 中，谓语动词的形式要根据主语从句表示的意 义是单数概念还是复数概念而定。 visor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 des- tinations in the world. [经典例题] 12.The famous musician,as well as his students, (invite)to perform at the opening cer- 用所给词的适当形式填空 emony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. The musician along with his band members 13.Generally,students'inner motivation with high (give)ten performances in the last three expectations from others (be)essen- months. tial to their development. 【解析】根据时间状语“in the last three months'”可知，时态应为现在完成时：根据along 14.The university estimates that living expenses for international students (be)around with his band members可知本句主语为the mu- sician,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 $8,450 a year,which is a burden for some of 【答案】has given them. 15.All the scientific evidence shows that increas- [轻松训练] ing use of chemicals in farming (be) I,单句语法填空 damaging our health. 1.The teacher and poet often (give) 16.I can't remember her face now but recalling the lectures around the city. incident (make)me happy. 2.Two-thirds of the books (be)about 17.Saving money (be)what you need to science. start several months before you move out. 3.Nobody but Jim and Mike (be)on the 18.I was paid nine dollars an hour,which playground now. (be)three dollars more than the school post 4.As far as I know,his family not very large office paid us. but the family all music lovers.(be) 19.But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger 5.The poor (be)looked down upon in that (threat)the only home they know. the old days. 20.We all got excited when someone spotted an 6.Neither his parents nor I (be)able to Australian tailed eagle,which (be)the persuade him to change his mind. symbol of the Australian-Pacific railway. 53