专题12 语气-【赢在高中起跑线】英语初高中教材衔接 知识回顾预习 专题特训（2025年）

衔接必刷题 7.It has been announced that candidates 9.-Don't forget to come to my birthday party remain in their seats until all the papers have tomorrow. been collected. A.I don't B.I won't A.can B.will C.I can't D.I haven't C.may D.shall 10.I didn't see her in the meeting-room this morn- 8.You can't imagine that a well-behaved gentle- ing.She at the meeting. A.mustn't have spoken man be so rude to a lady. B.shouldn't have spoken A.might B.need C.needn't have spoken C.should D.would D.couldn't have spoken 专题十二语气 课程要求 初中要求 高中要求 初中学习的是陈述语气和祈使语气。这在高中，我们要学习虚拟语气。虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形 两种语气，都是表示真实的描述、推测或 式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况， 者命令等。 而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的假设。 知识清单 《:初小代词点聚焦 《高代词考点聚想 考点1陈述语气 情态动词+动词原形 肯定形 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符 对现在情况虚拟 对过去情况墟拟 合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 从石 情态动词+not+动词原形 否定形 对将来情况虚拟 法 从行 There a basketball match in our school tomorrow. (B) can/could will/would A.will have B.will be shall/should may/might 对现在情况推测 C.are D.is going to be dare 对过去情况推测 must 考点2祈使语气 ught to 祈使语气表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命 [考纲解读] 令等。 your umbrella,or you'll catch a cold 高考中主要考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句、名 on such a rainy day. (A) 词性从句中的使用，还考查了在语境中用“情态动 A.Take B.To take 词十完成时”表达虚拟语气，同时考生还应掌握虚 C.Taking D.Takes 拟语气在其他固定句式中的使用。 48H 衔接点二初升高知识衔接 [考点清单] (2)错综时间虚拟句：当条件状语从句所表示的 行为和主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致 考点1状语从句中虚拟语气的用法 时，这种虚拟条件句称为错综时间虚拟句。动词 1.非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法 的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 If you had taken the doctor's advice,you would f条件 从句 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 be better now. (3)含蓄虚拟条件句：有时假设的情况并不以条 should/would/ 动词过去式(be的 件句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，如通过介 表示现 could/might+动 过去式用were) 词（短语）with,without,but for等来表示。 在情况 词原形 We would have put John's name on the race If I had time,I would go there. list yesterday but for his recent injury. should/would/ [经典例题] had+过去分词 could/might+have 单项选择 表示过 十过去分词 I didn't see your sister at the meeting.If she 去情况 If you had come earlier,you couldn't/ she would have met my brother. wouldn't have missed the bus. A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come should-十动词原形 should/would/ 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我没有在会上见 动词过去式 could/might+动 到你妹妹。如果她来了，她会遇见我哥哥的。「 表示将 词原形 引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反的假设。主 were to十动词原形 来情况 句谓语动词形式would/could/might/should If it should rain.rained./were to rain to- have done,条件从句的谓语动词形式had done。. morrow,the sports meeting would be 故D选项正确。 put off. 【答案】D 2.目的状语从句中虚拟语气的用法 考点2其他从句中虚拟语气的用法 for fear that.'in case十从句：从句谓语用should 1,主语从句中的虚拟语气 十动词原形，意为“以防，万一”。 It is desired/suggested/proposed necessary/im- We got up early for fear that we should miss portant/strange/natural/essential/a pity +that the early bus. 从句，从句中的谓语动词用“(should十)动词 3.方式状语从句中虚拟语气的用法 原形”。 asif/as though十从句： It's strange that she (should)make so much (1)与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时。 trouble. (2)与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。 2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 (3)与将来事实相反，从句谓语用would/.could 表示“坚持，建议，命令，要求”等意义时，宾语从 might十动词原形。 句用“(should-+)动词原形”。 She speaks English as if/as though she were a ①坚持：动词insist;②命令：动词order,com- native of New York. mand:③建议：动词advise,suggest,propose, 4.一些特殊结构的虚拟语气 recommend;④要求：动词request,require,de (1)在条件句中的省略：如果虚拟条件句中含有 mand,desire. were,should,had三个词，可将if省略，把这三个 Teachers recommend parents not allow their 词前置于主语之前，形成部分倒装。 children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for Were I in your position,I would do the same. safety. 49 衔接必刷题 [名师点津](1)①suggest意为“表明，暗示” [经典例题] 时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。 ②insist意为“坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟 用所给词的适当形式填空 语气。 Mary's description of the party was so vivid that (2)I wish(that)十宾语从句（虚拟语气）。 I felt as if I (be)there. ①表示愿望与“现在事实相反”，从句用一般过 【解析】根据语境可知，此处asif后为对过去 去时。 情况的虚拟，因此用过去完成时。 *How he wishes that he were a bird! 【答案】had been ②表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完 [轻松训练] 成时。 We wish that we had visited the Great Wall I,单句填空 last year. l.Should naps(小睡)actually (take)dur- ③表示将来愿望实现的可能性很小，从句常用 ing the day? could/would+动词原形. 2.There are two drivers.One has a destination in We wish we would live on the moon one day. mind which can (find)on a map. (3)would rather/,prefer+that从句（从句用虚 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 拟语气)。 1.The workers were not better organized,otherwise ①表示愿望与“现在事实或将来事实相反”，从 they (accomplish)the task in half the time. 句用一般过去时。 2.In today's information age,the loss of data I would rather you were not here with me now. cause serious problems for a company. ②表示愿望与“过去事实相反”，从句用过去完成时。 3.I can't find my purse.I have left it in I would rather you hadn't done that. the supermarket yesterday,but I'm not sure. 3.表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 4.If we (catch)the flight yesterday,we (1)suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,re- would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now. quest,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中 5.There is a good social life in the village,and I 要用虚拟语气。其构成是“(soud十)动词原形”。 wish I (have)a second chance to be- He gave orders that the guests(should)be hos- come more involved. pitably entertained. 6.Samuel,the tallest boy in our class, (2)asif,as though引导的表语从句常用虚拟语 easily reach the books on the top shelf. 气，与现在事实相反用一般过去时：与过去事实 7.My room is a mess,but I clean it be- 相反用过去完成时。 fore I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning. It looks as if he were 10 years younger today. 8.-Do you have Betty's phone number? 4.定语从句中的虚拟语气 -Yes.Otherwise,I (be)able to reach It's(about./high/very)time+that从句（从句用 her yesterday. 虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时或should十动词 9 (be)it not for the support of the teachers, 原形，should不能省略)，意为“某人该做某事了”。 the student could not overcome her difficulty. It's time that we should go went home. 10.I love the weekend,because I get up 5.if only从句中的虚拟语气 early on Saturdays and Sundays. if only引导的感叹句，其虚拟语气的结构与wish 11.Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last 后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气的结构相同。 week?If you (tell)me,I could have If only the driver hadn't driven so fast then! helped. 50 一衔接点二初升高知识衔接 12.It was really annoying:I get access to 18.-Can't you stay a little longer? the data bank you had recommended. -It's getting late.I really go now. 13.If it (be)for his invitation the other My daughter is home alone. day.I should not be here now. 19.The Economist can split)into two 14.It might have saved me some trouble parts:World Politics and Current Affairs. known the schedule. 20.It has great potential to improve population 15.I wish I (be)at my sister's wedding health and should (consider)for last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in large-scale use in China,according to the New York then. study. 16.It is lucky we booked a room,or we 21.What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or (have)nowhere to stay now. we (have)a good time together. 17.Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I 22.If I were in that situation,I (want) (dance)as well as her. someone to try to find me,"she said. 专题十三主谓一致 课程要求 初中要求 高中要求 初中阶段接触到的主谓一致，主语大都是 高中阶段我们将要学习到不定代词作主语、并列结构作主语、 名词、代词、数词，谓语需要根据它们的数 特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。 来确定自己的形式。 知识清单 《初谓致考点聚想 2.The Chinese badminton team is (be)playing magnificently. 考点1语法一致原则 3.The police are (be)looking for the murderer. 1.Everyone except Tom and John was (be)there 4.His Selected Poems was (be)first published when the meeting began. in1965. 5.I think physics is (be)much more useful than 2.Neither of the two brothers lives live)with maths. their parents. 考点3就近原则 3.Playing baseball is (be)Dale's favourite sport. 1.Not only students but also their teacher objects 考点2意义一致原则 (object)to the plan. 用所给词的适当形式填空 2.There are (be)some Chinese and three Ameri- 1.The whole class were (be)greatly moved by his cans in the travelling team. words. 3.Here is (be)a letter and two books for you. 51一参考答案 C 12.was invited 主语后带有aswellas连接的成分时,谓语 1. to take 2. dining 3. conducted 4. born 5. saving 动词应和主语保持人称和数的一致,故谓语动词应与 6. to help 7. to offer 8. to pack 9. to create 10. reaching the famousmusician在数上保持一致,故用第三人称单 D 数形式;且musician与invite之间为被动关系,再根据句 1. to test 2. placed 3. keeping 4. to get 5. carrying 中标志词 at the opening ceremony of the 2ol2 Taipei 6. trying 7. pushing 8. lying 9. saying 10. to improve FlowerExpo可知,应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故 IV. 1. living 2. to see 3. to buy 4. the 5. to be produced 填was invited。 6. taking 7. breathing 8. to mix 9. to be 10. is believed 13.is 句意:一般来说,学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高 专题十一 情态动词 期望对他们的发展是重要的。由with连接的两个成分 作主语,即AwithB,谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持 轻松训练 一致,所以本句谓语动词应该和students'innermotiva 1.B 从第二个分句“他太矮了”可以推知说话者持否定态 tion保持一致,用单数。本句说的是一般情况,所以用一 度,neednt意思是“没有必要”,与语境不符。 般现在时态。 2.C 根据句意“我已经告诉她怎样到那儿,但是或许我应 14.are 句意:这所大学估计留学生一年的生活费用大约是 该给她写下来”可知,说话者含有“后悔、遗憾”的意味,应 8450美元,这对于他们中的一些人来说是个负担。因为 使用“情态动词十完成式”形式,“must十完成式”表示对 宾语从句的主语是livingexpenses,是复数,所以谓语动 过去的肯定推测,“should十完成式”才表示虚拟意义。 词要用复数形式are。 3.C 根据第二分句“否则的话他就会给我打电话了”可知 15.is 句意:所有的科学证据都表明,化学制品在农业上使 “lack肯定还没到”,“can't十完成式”意思是“根本不可 用得越来越多,而这正在危害我们的健康。that引导的 能”。 从句为宾语从句,且从句的主语是use,为不可数名词 4.A 从第二分句可知,这是妇女和儿童专用候车室,因此 故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;本句说的是客观事 你“不准”坐在这儿。mustn't表示“禁止,不准”。 实,故时态应用一般现在时。 5.B can在此表示许可。 16.makes 句意:我现在记不起她的脸了,但是回顾那次事 6.D 从后一句“他喜欢开车”可知说话者把握不大。must 件让我很高兴。动名词短语recallingthe incident作主 not不表示推测,cannot的语气太绝对,意思是“根本不 语,谓语动词用单数。 可能” 7.D shall用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、 17.is 句意;省钱是你开始行动之前几个月需要开始的。 动名词短语savingmoney作主语,谓语动词用单数。 警告、允诺、威胁等意思。 8.C should在此表示惊讶的感情色彩,意思是“竟然” 18.was;句意:我每小时被支付九美元,这比学校邮局支付 我们的要多三美元。作定语从句主语的关系代词which 9.B 对析使句的肯定回答用Iwill;否定回答用Iwon't。 10.D 根据句意“我今天上午在会议室没见到她”,所以“她 指代ninedollars;表示钱数的名词复数形式作主语,谓 根本不可能在会上发言”。表示“根本不可能”用can!/ 语动词用单数;根据主句时态判断此空填was。 couldn't have done形式 19.threats 句意:但是熊们对威胁到它们所知的唯一的家 的危险没有任何准备。作定语从句主语的关系代词that 专题十二 语气 指的是先行词danger,故从句谓语动词用单数:由主语 轻松训练 时态判断填一般现在时单数第三人称形式。 I. 1. be taken 2. be found 20.is 句意:当有人发现澳大利亚无尾雕的时候我们变得 3. could/ might II. 1. would have accomplished 2. can 兴奋起来,它是澳太铁路的象征。在非限制性定语从句 4. had caught 5. had 6. can 7. needn't 8. wouldn't 中作主语的关系代词which指代eagle,谓语动词用单 have been 9. Were 10. needn't 11. had told 12. couldn't 数;从句所讲的内容是事实,句子应该用一般现在时,故 13. had not been/hadn't been 14. had 15. had been 填is。 16. would have 17. danced 18. must 19. be split 专题十四 句子的成分及结构 20. be considered 21. would have had 22. would want 轻松训练 专题十三 主谓一致 I.1.主语 2.宾语 3.表语 4.谓语 5.宾语补足语 轻松训练 6.宾语 7.状语 8.主语补足语 9.定语 I. II.1. SV 2. sVO 3. sVOC 4. sP 5. SP 6. sVOA 1. gives 2. are 3. is 4. is are 5. were 6. am 7.SVOO 8.存现句 7. has caused 8. wears III.1. The leaves have turned yellow.(SP) 9.means 考查时态和主谓一致。根据直接引语中的ex 2. All of us considered him honest. (SvOC) cites可判断用一般现在时;主语是it,故谓语动词用第三 3. Would you please pass me the dictionary?(SVOO) 人称单数形式。 4. They have carried out the plan successfully. (SVOA 10.is 考查时态和主谓一致。主语是asmallpart,谓语动 5. The red sun rises in the east. (SVA) 词用单数;此处说明事实,故用一般现在时的第三人称 6. The boys must look after their things. (svO) 单数形式。 7. The English class begins at eight o'clock.(SVA 11.is 句意:阳朔很漂亮....。根据后文的时态可知这里 8. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. (SVA) 使用一般现在时,又因为Yangshuo是单数名词,所以这 9. He asked her to take the boy out of school.(svOC) 里用is。 10. There is a restaurant around the corner.(存现句) -105