专题10 非谓语动词-【赢在高中起跑线】英语初高中教材衔接 知识回顾预习 专题特训（2025年）

衔接必刷题 专题十非谓语动词 课程要求 初中要求 高中要求 掌握非谓语动词的作用和形式。主要掌握作宾语时用不定式还是动 初中学到的非谓语动词，通常充当 名词：作宾语、状语、补语时用不定式还是分词：它们作某一成分时的 的是宾语或者宾语补足语的成分 特殊情况及特殊结构。在形式方面，主要考查用一般式还是用完成 因此更多的是记忆一些固定搭配。 式、主动式还是被动式、现在分词还是过去分词。 知识清单 《【初中啡谓语动词考点柴焦 4.The boy standing (stand)in the teacher's office was found smoking yesterday. 考点1动词不定式的用法 5.I must stop smoking (smoke). 1.I hope to find (find)a good job in a foreign com- 6.A month later I went to Spain.A Spanish teacher pany after I graduate from high school. called(call)Paula came and began the test. 2.He found it hard to catch up with (catch up with)his classmates. 7.The manager of the store says the environment 3.Father asks me not to play (not play)computer can help people learn to do“soul(灵魂)reading'” games before finishing my homework. by providing(provide)a private experience with 4.All the children like Mr.White very much each book that draws one's attention. because he often makes them laugh (laugh). 8.He spent over 10 years travelling/touring/trip- 5.Let him have (have)a rest.I think he must be ping(旅行)widely in China and trying to under tired after the long walk. stand its people. 6.We have two rooms to live (live)in,but I can't 9.For Japanese,eating out was their favourite decide which one to choose (choose). activity in their free time.And they also like 7.I was surprised by the amazing views and opened the window to take (take)photos. driving/to drive(驾驶)around.. 8.Then I had to go to the country and do some 10.I dropped some bread and soon it began to eat. “tests'”to see(see)if I could“survive(挺过来)” eating(吃). in different situations. 高中非谓语动词考点聚焦 考点2分词的用法 1.-Bob speaks Chinese quite well. 主语 动词不定式 主动形式 -So he does.He practices speaking speak) 宾语 被动形式 宾语补足语 分类。 动词-img形式 主动形式 表语 功能一 Chinese every day. 被动形式 状话 词 2.Before 2024 we will finish building (build)the 定语 过去分词 school. 过去 3.She said she didn't feel like going (go)out 动缤关系 关系如何判定 时问现在 将来 with you. 士谓关系 38H 衔接点二初升高知识衔接 [考纲解读] Not knowing what to do,I had to wait here. Given more attention,the children could have 近几年高考主要考查非谓语动词的作用和形 grown better. 式。在作用方面，主要考查作宾语时用不定式还是 Absorbed in reading,we all didn't hear the sound. 动名词：作宾语、状语、补语时用不定式还是分词： *Having driven all day,we were rather tired. 它们作某一成分时的特殊情况及特殊结构。在形 [名师点津]①把握分词与句子主语之间的 式方面，主要考查用一般式还是用完成式、主动式 逻辑关系，区别现在分词与过去分词：②不定 还是被动式、现在分词还是过去分词。 式作结果状语为主观上意想不到的结果，现在 [考点清单] 分词作结果状语为客观上顺其自然而产生的 结果：③准确理解形容词化的过去分词作状语 考点1非谓语动词作状语 的用法：④动词-ing形式的完成式having done 1.不定式作状语 表示分词的动作和句子主语之间是主动关系， (1)原因状语多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的 同时分词动作先于句子谓语动词发生。 形容词后。 3.有些分词或不定式短语作状语，构成独立结构， (2)目的状语可与so as to/in order to替换，但so 其形式的选择不受上下文的影响。常见的有： asto一般不可置于句首。 generally speaking一般来说；frankly speaking (3)结果状语常表示意想不到的结果，常用only 坦白地说；judging from/by.,根据…来判断； to do. considering..考虑到…；taking..into con ￥I was satisfied to hear the news.(原因状语) sideration考虑到…；to tell you the truth说实 ￥To catch the first bus,he got up very early.(目 话；compared to./with与…相比较；to begin 的状语) with首先；seeing.,.鉴于f由于…supposing *I rushed to school only to find nobody was 假设，如果；assuming假使；given考虑到，鉴于； there.(结果状语) provided/.providing(that.,)如果；concerning关于 [名师点津]熟记不定式表结果的固定结构 4.独立主格结构 only/just...to...too...to...so/such...as (1)独立主格结构的特点：①独立主格结构的逻 to.enough(for sb.)to. 辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在；②独立 2.分词作状语 主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的 (1)u.ing形式：作状语，用来表时间、条件、让 分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑 步、原因、伴随、结果等。所表示的动作与句子主 上的主动或被动关系：③独立主格结构一般有逗 语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。 号与句子分开。 (2)u.ed形式： (2)独立主格结构的构成： a.作状语，用来表时间、条件、让步、原因、伴随 名词/代词十不定式/现在分词过去分词/形容 等。所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上 词/副词介词短语。 的被动关系。 Much work to do (Because he has much b.源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句 work to do),he can't go to the cinema now. 子主语所处的一种状态。不表示被动关系，其前 *Weather permitting(=If weather permits), 不用being,常见的有：seated(坐着的)，hidden the party will be held in the garden. (隐藏的)，devoted(专注的)，surprised/fright *All the work finished(=Since all the work was ened/puzzled at/by(惊奇于害怕于/困惑于)， finished),he went back home happily. lost.absorbed in(沉溺于)，born in(出身于)， He sat in the front row,his mouth half open. dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)，faced with(面 The lamp on,he fell asleep. 临)等。 The teacher came in,book in hand. 39 衔接必刷题 [经典例题] That can be a lot more efficient than pages ex- plaining the data. 用所给词的适当形式填空 The problem discussed at last meeting was of (enjoy)the convenience of digital payment, great importance. many senior citizens started to use smart phones. The matter being discussed now is of great im- 【解析】根据语境可知此处是目的状语，应用动 portance. 词不定式。 The problem to be discussed at the next meet- 【答案】To enjoy ing is of great importance. [名师点津]①准确判定非谓语动词与其逻 [轻松训练] 辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系：②准确 用所给词的适当形式填空 判定非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间，即是 (study)volcanoes for many years,I am 正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。 still amazed at their beauty as well as their po- [经典例题] tential to cause great damage. 2.Nervously (face)challenges,I know I 用所给词的适当形式填空 will whisper to myself the two simple words"Be When we got a call (say)she was yourself". short-listed,we thought it was a joke. 3.A city is the product of the human hand and 【解析】根据语境可知，此处为后置定语，解释 mind, (reflect)man's intelligence and 名词cal的内容，call与say是主动关系，应用现 creativity. 在分词形式。 4.During the Mid-Autumn Festival,family mem- 【答案】 saying bers often gather together (share)a [轻松训练] meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. 用所给词的适当形式填空 (give)the right kind of training,these 1.Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem teenage soccer players may one day grow into in- (call)caffeinism. ternational stars. 2.Do you have the ability (read)and 6.All of us were surprised (see)a stran- write in English? ger walk in. 3.Earth Day, (mark)on 22 April,is an 考点2 非谓语动词作定语 annual event aiming to raise public awareness 结构形式 功能 about environmental protection. 4.Most colleges now offer first-year students a 表示动作是主动进行的行 般式doing course specially (design)to help them 动词 为或者正在进行当中 succeed academically and personally. -ing 一般式的 5.What will you do if the people (sit)at the 形式 表示动作是被动行为且正 被动结构 在进行当中 back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech? being done 考点3非谓语动词作补足语 表示动作是被动完成的行 1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语(see, 过去分词done 为或者单纯表示已经完成 watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to, feel等)后面的宾语补足语常见的有三种非谓语 动词不定式todo 表示将要发生的动作 动词形式(do doing/done)。do表主动和完成 动词不定式一般式的 表示将要被做的动作 (被动句中to还原)，doing表主动或正在进行， 被动结构to be done done表被动或完成。 40 衔接点二初升高知识衔接 The missing boy was last seen playing near the 考点4非谓语动词作宾语 river. 非谓语动词中能作宾语的有动名词和不定式 2.热点动词let,make,have,get,leave,keep,find 1.只能跟动词ing形式作宾语的动词和短语：sug 等后接非谓语动词形式作补足语。 gest,imagine,include,mind,admit,practice,allow, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their advise,risk,keep,keep on,avoid,escape,enjoy,con- fear and dislike of books,and to get them to read sider,excuse,finish,miss,insist on,look forward to. oftener. feel like,get down to,object to等。 3.固定短语，如advise allow/encourage/request I admit breaking the window. warn sb..to do sth.等. It's quite hot today.Do you feel like going for Our English teacher advises us to practise a swim? speaking more after class. 2.只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和短语：wish,hope, 4.with复合结构常用形式 decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,plan, John received an invitation to dinner,and with fail,choose,would like等。 his work finished,he gladly accepted it. If I fail to appear by 7 o'clock,I will not be *With a lot of difficult problems to settle,the coming at all. newly elected president is having a hard time. 3.既可跟动词-ing形式又可跟不定式的动词和短 With the little boy leading the way,we had no remember,forget,regret,stop,go on,need, difficulty finding the village. start,begin,try等。 Remember to turn off the lights before you go [经典例题] to bed. I remember reading about the earthquake in 用所给词的适当形式填空 China's image is improving steadily,with more the newspaper. 4.t作形式宾语，代替真正作宾语的动词不定式或 countries recognize)its role in inter- 动名词。 national affairs. I think it important to learn English well. 【解析】根据语境可知，此处为“with十名词十 补语”结构，且more countries和recognize之间 [经典例题] 是主动关系，应用现在分词作补语。 用所给词的适当形式填空 【答案】 recognizing But some students didn't want (wear) [轻松训练] the uniform. 【解析】根据语境可知，此处为“want to do 用所给词的适当形式填空 sth.”结构，应用不定式作want的宾语。 1.I need a new passport so I will have to have my 【答案】to wear photograph (take). 2.With the homework (do),the students [轻松训练] can go to have a picnic. 用所给动词的适当形式填空 3.In the dream Peter saw himself 1.A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The (chase)by a fierce wolf,and he woke suddenly Year”for (be)Britain's oldest full-time with a start. employee-still working 40 hours a week. 4.The entrance examination is drawing near,mak- 2.Once his message was delivered,he allowed me ing us (trap)in plenty of exercises. (stay)and watch. 5.In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet 3.I still remember (visit)a friend who'd (point)at another person. lived here for five years. 41 衔接必刷题 考点5非谓语动词作主语、表语或其他 [经典例题] 1.非谓语动词中能作主语的有动词-ig形式和不 定式。 用所给词的适当形式填空 (1)动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或 (learn)to think critically is an important 习惯性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性 skill today's children will need for the future. 的或尚未做的动作。 【解析】根据句子结构可知，本句缺少主语成 (2)t作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定 分，故用动名词作主语。 式或动名词。常见句型有： 【答案】 Learning It is/was no use/good+doing sth. [轻松训练] It is/was not any use/good+doing sth. It is/was of little use good+doing sth.: I,用所给动词的适当形式填空 It is/was useless doing sth. 1.On our way to the house,it was raining so hard It's a waste of time doing sth. that we couldn't help wondering how long it It is important/necessary/impossible to do sth. would take (get)there. 2.Now my dream is (open)a cafe. [名师点津]在语篇中，注意所填空前是否有 3 (travel)along the old Silk Road is an t,并进一步判定是不是形式主语或形式宾语 interesting and rewarding experience. it,从而快速判定所填空是否要用todo或do ing的相应形式。 Ⅱ.单句语法填空 (dress)in a white uniform,he looks 2.非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ig形式、动词 more like a cook than a doctor. ed形式和不定式。注意动词-ing形式作表语意 2.He glanced over at her, (note)that 为“令人感到…的”，而动词-ed形式作表语意 though she was tiny,she seemed very well put 为“本身感到…的”。 together. The news was exciting and we were excited 3.The manager, (make)it clear to us that the whole night. he didn't agree with us,left the meeting room. 3.固定句式do have其他动词+sth.+but(to)do 4.He got well-prepared for the job interview,for sth.中的不定式用法。此结构要遵循前有实义 he couldn't risk (lose)the good oppor- 动词do,but后则无to,反之则有to的原则。 tunity. *He did nothing but save the child without hesitation. 5.You should understand the traffic rule by now. *She had no choice but to cry in face of the difficulty. You've had it (explain)often enough. 4.非谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义 6.We have been away for a long time,as you (I)在need,want,require,deserve,bear等动词 know,so our room needs (clean). 以及worth等形容词的后面，动词-ing形式主动 7.There are hundreds of visitors (wait) 形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的 in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van 被动形式。 Gogh's paintings. The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 8.It is difficult to imagine his (accept) 这房子需要修理。 the decision without any consideration. (2)在某些“主语（人物）十be+形容词十不定 9.When (compare)different cultures,we 式”中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些 often pay attention only to the differences with- 形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,impor- out noticing the many similarities. tant,impossible,.pleasant,interesting等。 10.Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year The problem is difficult to work out. old boy,saying that he was not the one 这道题很难计算出。 (blame). 42 衔接点二初升高知识衔接 ll.Five people won the“China's Green Figure” people,we told them to type their answers into our award,a title (give)to ordinary people for smart computer and it came up with an account of their contributions to environmental protection. their early childhood experiences."Some accounts Ⅲ.语法填空 included one key additional detail.6. A (tell)that they had got sick after 7. (eat) 1. (keep)a diary in English is one of strawberry ice-cream,the researchers then changed the effective ways to improve our English writing this detail into a manufactured(人为促成的)mem ability. ory through 8. (lead)questions-Who 2. compare)with other forms of were you with?How did you feel?By the end of writing,it is shorter and takes less time.It can help the study,up to 41%of those 9. (give)a us 3. (develop)the habit of thinking in false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once English.4. we persist in this practice, made them sick,and many said they'd avoid gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in 10. (eat)it. English.In keeping a diary in English,we certainly C run up against many 5. (difficult).In the Nowadays,more and more Chinese are aware first place,it often happens that we have trouble of food waste issues.Even young people tend 6. (find)appropriate words and phrases 1. take )home their leftovers when to give expression to our mind.Secondly,there are 2. (dine)out,most of whom would pack many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. the dish in a doggie bag if the leftovers are still in And it is extremely hard for us 7. (put) good shape and there are also a lot left,according them into English properly. to the survey 3. conduct)by China As far as I 8. (concern),my sugges- Youth Daily.The people 4. (bear)in the tion is that we should always have a notebook and 1980s or 1990s believe that 5. (save)food a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. is a virtue. Whenever something beats us,we can first put it Young people also gave their opinions on how down in our notebook and then consult our diction- 6. (help)reduce food waste.Some advised ary.We can also turn to our English teacher for restaurants 7. (offer)the serving chop- help if necessary.In short,I believe that it is sticks,which would be helpful for customers 9 great use to keep a diary in English for 8. pack)the leftovers.Others said it 10. development of our writing skills. might be useful to promote smaller or half-portion B dishes.Another good suggestion is that catering A study 1. (publish)in September businesses give away coupons(优惠券)to custom suggests there is a 2. (surprise)way to ers who clear their plates at dinner. get people 3. (avoid)unhealthy foods: China launched a campaign against food waste change their memories.Scientist Elizabeth Loftus in 2013 and renewed the call early this year 9. of the University of California at Irvine asked vol- create)an increasingly prosperous society. unteers 4. answer)some questions on We can all play a part in 10. (reach)the their personalities and food experiences."One national food waste reduction goal-to reduce food week later”L,oftus says,“5. feed)the waste by 50%in the next 10 years. 43 衔接必刷题 D W,用所给词的适当形式填空 The story happened in ancient times.A king Whether they're playing on TV screens or was so clever that he thought of a good way printed in newspapers,adverts are everywhere. (test)whether his men were reliable. Actually,it is quite normal for the average person One day,he had a huge rock 2. 1. (live)in a city 2. see)thou- (place)on a roadway at night.Then he hid himself sands of ads every single day.However,ads are not nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone just a tool for getting people 3. (buy) would remove the big rock.Some wealthy busi- things:they also serve as a window into cultures, nessmen and high officials came by,but they sim- societies and history. ply walked around it.Many of them even loudly Modern adverts began to appear in 4. blamed the king for not 3. 18th and 19th centuries,since advances in printing (keep)the techniques allowed more detailed images 5. roads clear,but none of them would bother 4. (produce)in newspapers and magazines. (get)the big stone out of the way. Looking at some of these early ads is like Then a villager came along 5. (carry)a 6. (take)a step back in time to another load of vegetables.On approaching the big rock,he world.For example,an 1881 advert for French stopped and laid down his burden,6. cigarettes promised that its product would"give (try)hard to move the stone to the side of the immediate relief"to a list of medical conditions, road.After 7. push)many times,he including 7. (breathe)problems.And a finally succeeded.As the villager picked up his load 1955 US ad advised mothers 8. (mix)the of vegetables,he noticed a purse 8. (lie)in sugary soft drink 7-Up with their baby's milk. the road where the rock had been.The purse con- Nowadays,of course,the harmful effects of tained many gold coins and a note from the king, both smoking and sugary drinks have been well 9 (say)that the gold was for the person known.Although these adverts seem unusual to us who removed the huge rock from the road. now,perhaps future generations may consider The villager learned a valuable lesson that some of today's ads 9. be)just as many others would never understand:Every obsta- strange.It 10. believe)that advertising cle presents an opportunity 10. (improve) can often be an indicator for what society considers one's condition. to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time. 专题十一 情态动词 课程要求 初中要求 高中要求 初中阶段，我们主要学习了情态动词的基 高中阶段，情态动词的学习更加深入，我们将学到情态动词表 本用法以及它们之间的区别。 示推测或判断的用法以及在虚拟语气中的用法等。 44衔接必刷题 6.listeners考查词性转换和名词单复数。句意：但是我的 听众们还在耐心地等我，没有催促我的迹象。形容词性 专题十 非谓语动词 物主代词后要加名词，故用名词listener,意为“听众”：又 考点1 由后面的谓语动词were可知此处应填复数形式，故填 轻松训练 listeners.。 1.Having studied 2.facing 3.reflecting 4.to share 5.Given 7.it考查固定短语。句意：…我成功了！make it意为 6.to see “获得成功；准时到达”，为固定短语。 考点2 8.disappeared考查词形转换和动词的时态。句意：从那 轻松训练 时起，我当众演讲的恐惧消失了。根据上下文可知作者 1.called 2.to read 3.marked 4.designed 5.sitting 在第一次演讲中克服了恐惧，故填appear的反义词dis 考点3 appear,意为“消失”；因为该动作发生在过去，故填disap- 轻松训练 peared。 1.taken 2.done 3.chased 4.trapped 5.pointing 9.difficulty考查词性转换。由形容词最高级greatest可 考点4 知应当用difficult的名词形式，形容词修饰名词。且在从 轻松训练 句中作主语。 1.being 2.to stay 3.visiting 10.and考查连词。句意：克服了它，我们就能实现我们的 考点5 目标。这里运用了“祈使句十and十陈述句”的句型，新 轻松训练 使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，故填and。 I.1.to get 2.to open 3.Traveling 专题八动词时态 II.1.Dressed 2.noting 3.making 4.losing 5.explained 6.cleaning/to be cleaned 7.waiting 8.accepting 考点1 9.comparing 10.to blame 11.given 轻松训练 Ⅲ I.1.recommended 2.comes 3.has/will have A II.1.fell in love with 2.will spring up 3.help the school 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了用荚语写日 look 4.are still expensive 5.I took part in 记是一种提高英语写作能力的有效方法，也可以帮助我们 考点2 养成用英语思考的习惯。另外谈及了可能会通到的困难及 轻松训练 其应对办法。 1.are discussing 2.were forbidding L.Keeping考查非谓语动词。从句子结构可以看出，此处 考点3 应用v.ing形式作主语表示泛指的动作。句意：写英语 轻松训练 日记是提高我们英语写作水平的有效途径之一。 1.have made 2.haven't had 3.had hoped 2.Compared考查非谓语动词。Compare与其逻辑主语it 4.will have been installed 之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。句意：跟其他写作形式 相比，日记更短，并且花费的时间更少。 考点4 3.(to)develop考查非谓语动词。help sb..(to)do sth.结构 轻松训练 中t0可省略。句意：写日记还可以帮助我们培养用英语 I.1.has been offering 2.would touch 3.would be 思考的习惯。 Il.1.both 2.are surrounded 3.are 4.have changed 4.H考查状语从句的连接词。根据句式结构可知，此处填 5.see/have seen 6.with 7.wants 8.like 9.invented 连词，结合句意可知填f。句意：如果我们坚持写日记，渐 10.more important 渐地我们就会学会如何用英语表达我们的意思。 专题九动词语态 5.difficulties考查词性转换（名词复数）。根据空前面的 many可知，答案为名词的复数。句意：在用英语写日记 轻松训练 时，我们一定会遇到许多困难。 I.1.has been considered 2.are constructed 6.finding考查非谓语动词。have trouble(in)doing sth. 3.was awarded 4.have been discussed “做…有困难”。句意：首先，经常发生的事是，我们很 Ⅱ. 难找到恰如其分的词或短语来表达我们的思想。 A 7.to put考查非谓语动词。it为形式主语，真正主语为to 1.is divided 2.were created 3.declines 4.be felt 5.was d0sth.。句意：我们很难正确地把它们译成英语。 6.says 7.be used 8.tastes 9.the 10.fishermen 8.am concerned考查图定句式。as far as sb.be concerned B “就某人而言”。句意：就我而言，我的建议是我们手边应 1.months 2.was considered 3.screamed 4.important 该总是要有一本笔记本和一本汉英词典。 5.with 6.was seated 7.are 8.explained 9.was set 9.of考查介词。“of十n.”相当于名词对应的形容词。 10.would be 10.the考查冠词的特指。在名词前的空格处通常填限定 词，结合语境可知填the。句意：总之，我认为用英语写 1.an 2.to 3.have taken 4.is 5.is recognised 6.has 日记对于我们写作能力的培养是非常有用的。 7.started 8.first 9.rapidly 10.has changed B D 1.published 2.surprising 3.to avoid 4.to answer 1.is 2.kill 3.harms 4.a 5.are filled 6.causes 7.in 5.Having fed 6.Having been told 7.eating 8.leading 8.be poisoned 9.conclusion 10.challenging 9.given 10.eating 104 参考答案 c 12.was invited主语后带有as well as连接的成分时，谓语 1.to take 2.dining 3.conducted 4.born 5.saving 动词应和主语保持人称和数的一致，故谓语动词应与 6.to help 7.to offer 8.to pack 9.to create 10.reaching the famous musician在数上保持一致，故用第三人称单 0 效形式；且musician与invite之间为被动关系，再根据句 1.to test 2.placed 3.keeping 4.to get 5.carrying 中标志词at the opening ceremony of the2o12 Taipei 6.trying 7.pushing 8.lying 9.saying 10.to improve Flower Expo可知，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故 IV.1.living 2.to see 3.to buy 4.the 5.to be produced 填was invited。 6.taking 7.breathing 8.to mix 9.to be 10.is believed 13.is句意：一般来说，学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高 专题十一 情态动词 期望对他们的发展是重要的。由wth连接的两个成分 作主语，即A with B,谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持 轻松训练 一致，所以本句谓语动词应该和students'inner motiva 1.B从第二个分句“他太矮了”可以推知说话者持否定态 t0n保持一致，用单数。本句说的是一般情况，所以用一 度，needn't意思是“没有必要”，与语境不符。 般现在时态。 2.C根据句意“我已经告诉她怎样到那儿，但是或许我应 14.are句意：这所大学估计留学生一年的生活费用大约是 该给她写下来”可知，说话者含有“后悔、遗感”的意味，应 8450美元，这对于他们中的一些人来说是个负担。因为 使用“情态动词十完成式”形式，“must十完成式”表示对 宾语从句的主语是living expenses,是复数，所以谓语动 过去的肯定推测，“should-十完成式”才表示虚拟意义。 词要用复数形式are。 3.C根据第二分句“否则的话他就会给我打电话了”可知 15.is句意：所有的科学证据都表明，化学制品在农业上使 “Jack肯定还没到”，“can't十完成式”意思是“根本不可 用得越来越多，而这正在危害我们的健康。that引导的 能”。 从句为宾语从句，且从句的主语是use,为不可数名词， 4.A从第二分句可知，这是妇女和儿童专用候车室，因此 故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式：本句说的是客观事 你“不准”坐在这儿。mustn't表示“禁止，不准”。 实，故时态应用一般现在时。 5.Bcan在此表示许可。 16.makes句意：我现在记不起地的脸了，但是回顾那次事 6D从后一句“他喜欢开车”可知说话者把握不大。must 件让我很高兴。动名词短语recalling the incident作主 not不表示推测，can not的语气太绝对，意思是“根本不 语，谓语动词用单数。 可能”。 17.s句意：省钱是你开始行动之前几个月需要开始的。 7.D shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、 警告、允诺、威胁等意思。 动名词短语saving money作主语，谓语动词用单数。 18.was句意：我每小时被支付九美元，这比学校邮局支付 8.C should在此表示惊讶的感情色彩，意思是“竟然”， 9.B对祈使句的肯定回答用I will:否定回答用Iwon't。 我们的要多三美元。作定语从句主语的关系代词which 10.D根据句意“我今天上午在会议室没见到地”，所以“她 指代nine dollars:表示钱数的名词复数形式作主语，谓 语动词用单数：根据主句时态判断此空填was。 根本不可能在会上发言”。表示“根本不可能”用can't/ couldn't have done形式。 19.threats句意：但是熊们对成胁到它们所知的唯一的家 的危险没有任何准备。作定语从句主语的关系代调that 专题十二 语气 指的是先行词danger,故从句谓语动词用单数；由主语 轻松训练 时态判断填一般现在时单数第三人称形式。 I.1.be taken 2.be found 20.is句意：当有人发现澳大利亚无尾雕的时候我们变得 II.1.would have accomplished 2.can 3.could/might 兴奋起来，它是澳太铁路的象征。在非限制性定语从句 4.had caught 5.had 6.can 7.needn't 8.wouldn't 中作主语的关系代词which指代eagle,谓语动词用单 have been 9.Were 10.needn't 11.had told 12.couldn't 数：从句所讲的内容是事实，句子应该用一般现在时，故 13.had not been/hadn't been 14.had 15.had been 填is。 16.would have 17.danced 18.must 19.be split 专题十四 句子的成分及结构 20.be considered 21.would have had 22.would want 轻松训练 专题十三主谓一致 1,1.主语2.宾语3.表语4.谓语5.宾语补足语 轻松训练 6.宾语7.状语8.主语补足语9.定语 I. II.1.SV 2.SVO 3.SVOC 4.SP 5.SP 6.SVOA 1.gives 2.are 3.is 4.is are 5.were 6.am 7.SVO08.存现句 7.has caused 8.wears II.1.The leaves have turned yellow.(SP) 9.means考查时态和主谓一致。根据直接引语中的ex 2.All of us considered him honest.(SVOC) cites可判断用一般现在时；主语是it,故谓语动词用第三 3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?(SVOO) 人称单数形式。 4.They have carried out the plan successfully.(SVOA) 10.is考查时态和主谓一致。主语是a small part,谓语动 5.The red sun rises in the east.(SVA) 词用单数：此处说明事实，故用一般现在时的第三人称 6.The boys must look after their things.(SVO) 单数形式。 7.The English class begins at eight o'clock.(SVA) 11,8句意：阳朔很漂亮…。根据后文的时态可知这里 8.The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.(SVA) 使用一般现在时，又因为Yangshuo是单数名词，所以这 9.He asked her to take the boy out of school.(SVOC) 里用is。 l0.There is a restaurant around the corner.(存现句) 105