Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．urban adj.城市的，城镇的 2．ancestor n．祖宗，祖先；原种 3．sample vt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验 n．样本，样品；取样 4．suburb n．郊区，城外 5．niece n．侄女，外甥女 6．welfare n．幸福，福祉；福利 7．manner n．方式，方法；举止；(pl.)礼貌 8．item n．一件商品(或物品)；项目 9．statue n．雕像，雕塑 10．furniture n．家具 11．grain n．细粒，颗粒；谷物 12．contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 13．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 14．border n．国界，边界 vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 15．brick n．砖块；积木 16．bunch n．串，束；大量 17．fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 18．awesome adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 19．liquid adj.液体的，液态的 n．液体 20．polar adj.极地的；完全相反的 21．apart from除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是 22．off the beaten track不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远 23．come as no surprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪 24．come down to可归结为，可归纳为 25．make one’s way to去，前往 26．beat down(阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．blooming adj.盛开的，开花的→bloom n．花 vi.开花；变得健康(或快活、自信) 2．unfold vi.& vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现→fold vt.折叠；折起来 n．褶痕→folding adj.可折叠的 3．ethnically adv.种族地→ethnic adj.种族的；民族的 n．少数民族的人 4．distinct adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的→distinction n．区别；差别→distinctly adv.明显地；显然地；清楚地 5．mighty adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的→might n．强大力量；威力 6．minority n．少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人→minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的 7．depth n．最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚→deep adj.深的 adv.在深处→deeply adv.深深地；强烈地→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深 8．botanical adj.植物学的→botanist n．植物学家→botany n．植物学 9．accommodation n．住处→accommodate vt.提供住处；容纳 10．surrounding adj.周围的，附近的→surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→surround vt.围绕；环绕；包围 11．harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的 12．sustain vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的 13．consumption n．消耗，消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户 14．elegant adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的→elegance n．优雅；优美→elegantly adv.优雅地 15．resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决→resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念 16．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿→starvation n．挨饿；饿死 17．departure n．离开，起程→depart vi.离开；启程；出发 18．mud n．泥，淤泥→muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的 19．parking n．停车；停车位→park vt.& vi.停放(车辆) n．公园 20．possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→possess vt.拥有；占有；具有 21．intently adv.热切地，专注地→intent adj.热切的；专注的 22.hike n．远足，徒步旅行 vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行→hiker n．徒步旅行者；远足者 23．delicacy n．佳肴；谨慎；敏感；脆弱→delicate adj.易碎的；脆弱的；精致的；需小心处理的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．Our brave ancestors set out for the battlefield and spared no effort to protect our territory from being attacked by enemies.领土 2．A milky mist filling the valley，we wandered，feeling as if we were in a fairyland.山谷 3．Written Chinese dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.雕刻 4．Much to the scientists’ astonishment，a liquid layer forms at the base of the glacier.冰川 5．Finally，we obtained a splendid opportunity to visit the splendid mountain—Mount Huang，and as a result，we made our way to it excitedly.极佳的　雄伟的 6．The closer we approached the splendid strait，the more excited we became.海峡 7．No one can deny the fact that Sichuan cuisine is famous both at home and abroad.菜肴 8．By contrast，it is important for us to have an enthusiastic and dynamic personality. 充满活力的 9．The terrible flood destroyed all his possessions，including his furniture and his newly-bought fiddle.小提琴 10．There are many souvenirs to choose from，such as blankets and vases.纪念品　毛毯　花瓶 11．Congratulations on your being chosen as the captain of the hockey team at our school.曲棍球 12．Being high school students，we must obey various codes，such as dress codes. 行为规范　着装规定 13．There are different categories of antiques in the museum，but I know nothing about the antique stuff.古董　古老的 14．The trees form a natural protection from the sun’s rays.光线 15．We intended to have had a barbecue but the heavy rain ruined that idea.户外烧烤 16．A minority of poor villagers still live in huts and there is an urgent need to improve their living environment.棚屋 17．It came as no surprise that her new dress which was dotted with flowers caught our eye.点缀 18．I have to slice ham，lamb and sausage into thin slices and then slice a piece of pork. 火腿　羊羔肉　香肠 apart from除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是 apart from 既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except或except for的含义 besides “除了……之外(还有……)”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于in addition to/as well as except “除了……之外(别无)”，指从同类的人或物中排除 except for 表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况 [用apart from/besides/except/except for填空] (1)Apart from/Besides the beautiful valley，the cuisine also attracts many tourists. (2)The girl benefited a lot from her space training besides/apart from getting a license. (3)The suit fits me well except/apart from that the colour is too bright. (4)Everything was perfect for the picnic in this suburb except for/apart from the muddy road. [写作佳句] (5)除了强身健体之外，经常锻炼身体还可以预防疾病。(话题写作之健康的生活) Apart from/In addition to/Besides/As well as strengthening the body，taking regular exercise can keep the illness away. minority n．少数民族；少数，少数人 (minor adj.较小的；次要的 major adj.主要的 n．专业；主修学生 v．主修 majority n．多数) •a/the minority of少数的 be in the/a minority占少数 •major in主修 •a/the majority of多数的 be in the/a majority占多数 (1)Only a minority of the witnesses were willing to unfold the truth of the accident to the police. (2)He majored in biology and after graduation he returned home and worked for his father’s botanical research center. [写作佳句] (3)女性在会议上占少数并不足为奇。 It comes as no surprise that women are in the/a minority at the meeting. (4)占12%的少数学生喜欢浏览英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙·书面表达) A/The minority of students，accounting for 12%，enjoy/enjoys surfing English learning websites. depth n．最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 [deep adj.深的；深奥的 adv.在深处 deeply adv.深刻地，强烈地；非常 deepen vt.加深，(使)变深] in depth全面；深入；详细 at a depth of在……深处 (1)I found it hard to understand the depth(deep) of her love for her children. (2)At a depth of 10 metres in the valley，we found blooming wild flowers. (3)The new policy deeply(deep) changed the market structure and price trends. [写作佳句] (4)这真是一个可以加深我们对不同文化理解的好机会，不容错过。(话题写作之文化交流) It is really a good opportunity that can’t be missed to deepen our understanding of different cultures. surrounding adj.周围的，附近的(surround vt.围绕；环绕 surroundings n．环境) surround sb/sth (with sb/sth)(用某人/某物)包围某人/某物 be surrounded by/with sb/sth被某人/某物包围 (1)My family often walk around the square which is surrounded by/with blooming flowers in spring. (2)Learning is a process in which we adapt ourselves to our surroundings(surrounding)． [写作佳句] (3)这个地区四面环绕着高山和峡谷，每年都吸引许多游客。(话题写作之景点介绍) Surrounded by/with mighty mountains and valleys，this territory attracts many tourists every year. harmony n．协调；融洽；和谐(harmonious adj.和谐的；协调的；和睦的) in harmony with sb/sth与……协调；与……相配 out of harmony with sb/sth与……不协调 live/work in harmony生活/工作得融洽 (1)Social harmony is very important to us.Only if people live in harmony with each other can we have a harmonious society.(harmony) [写作佳句] (2)越来越多的人意识到，我们学会与自然和谐相处是至关重要的。(话题写作之自然与环境) More and more people are aware that it is vital that we (should) learn to live in harmony with nature. manner n．方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 in a(n)...manner以……方式 It is good/bad manners to do sth.做某事是有/没有礼貌的。 table manners餐桌礼仪 (1)I can’t have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately. (2)It is bad manners(manner) to talk with your mouth full. [写作佳句] (3)当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带一份礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。吃饭时，你也应该注意你的餐桌礼仪。(话题写作之中国礼仪) It’s good manners to bring a gift，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner，you should also pay attention to your table manners. make one’s way (to)前往；到……地方去；在事业上有所起步 fight one’s way奋力前进 lose one’s way迷路 feel one’s way摸索着前进 push one’s way挤过去，强行前进 wind one’s way蜿蜒前进 find one’s way out找到出路 (1)用way短语的正确形式填空 ①In spite of the fact that it rained cats and dogs，he still made his way to the appointed place. ②The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon. ③They lost their way in the forest and what made matters worse was that it began to rain.They were desperate to find their way out. [写作佳句] (2)只要你奋力前进，你一定会取得成功。(应用文写作之建议信) As/So long as you fight your way，you are bound to succeed. starve vi.&vt.(使)挨饿，(使)饿死(starvation n．饥饿，饿死) starve to death饿死 be starving饿极了 starve for渴望 be starved of/for sth缺乏某物，急需某物 (1)His anxiety came down to the fact that he was starved of/for accommodation in this new place. (2)There was a time when our ancestors would starve to death for lack of food. (3)Millions of people will face starvation(starve) next year as a result of the drought，so they plan to make their way to other areas. [写作佳句] (4)不管我们离家多远或多忙，我们都渴望春节幸福的团圆。(话题写作之节日介绍) No matter how far away from home or how busy we are，we all starve for a happy reunion in the Spring Festival. possession n．私人物品；所有物；财产；具有，拥有[possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(不用于进行时)] •in possession of占有；拥有；持有 in the possession of为某人所有 take possession of占有；拥有；支配 •be possessed of具有(某种品质、能力等) (1)It’s said that those people have lost their homes and possessions(possess) due to the terrible flood. (2)The artist is possessed(possess) of great self-confidence. (3)直到所有文件都被签了字你才能拥有这所房子。 ①You can’t possess the house until all the papers have been signed.(possess) ②You can’t be in/take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.(possession) ③The house can’t be in the possession of you until all the papers have been signed.(possession) [写作佳句] (4)俗话说：“真正的朋友是最宝贵的财富。”(主旨升华句) As the saying goes，“A true friend is the best possession.” 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．方式；方法　B．举止；行为方式　C．礼貌；礼仪 1．His manner was polite but cool. B 2．The manner in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable. A 3．It is suggested that you should know about some table manners. C A．项目；条目　B．一件商品/物品　C．一条/一则(新闻) 4．We have many items to discuss in our meeting. A 5．I’m curious to know what the first news item is mainly about. C 6．Can I pay for each item separately? B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. vt.品尝；尝试 2．Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground. vt.以厚层覆盖 3．As the story unfolds，we learn more about Max’s childhood. vi.展示，逐渐展现 4．She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world. vt.奋斗取得 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：72.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．Bunches of blooming roses were sent to the welfare centre. 2．The weather in China is quite distinct from that in America. 3．He quickly unfolded the blanket and spread it on the bed. 4．In many African countries，people have to walk a few miles to fetch water. 5．The statue carved out of a single piece of stone is very splendid. 6．Contrasting(对比) the two vases，I wanted to choose the latter. 7．With the weak ray(光线) in the hut，the boy hid himself under the bed. 8．What kind of accommodation(住处) do you usually stay in when you go on holiday? 9．He made a resolution to leave for the dynamic(充满活力的) city to visit his friend. 10．To our surprise，the three species evolved from a single ancestor(祖先)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．It is bad manners(manner) to stare at people for a long time. 2．The government has confidence to solve the problem of starvation(starve) once and for all. 3．He decided to go into the jungle and went off the beaten track. 4．Of course，we discuss these issues and many others in depth(deep) in the book. 5．Our proposal tries to accommodate the special needs of minority(minor) groups. 6．It is more splendid with the blooming(bloom) flowers and green fields around in spring. 7．People should be careful about their possessions(possess) and not leave them lying around. 8．Apart from its cultural meaning，tea is also a medicine，used from ancient times to modern days. 9．Small towns in South India serve as economic and cultural centres for the surrounding(surround) villages. 10．The color of the curtain is out of harmony with the sitting room. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A For us，one of the many cultural shocks we experienced was during our time in Bolivia.We spent five months traveling around South America but Bolivia surprised us most.Tourism and the approach to service in Bolivia are，to some extent，underdeveloped，which is not necessarily bad.However，you might get the feeling that the locals don’t like your presence.At times we didn’t feel welcome at all. Bolivians will stare at you，give angry looks，and often won’t even say hi when you come to their stores and restaurants.After some conversations with locals，we were told that the negative attitude had nothing to do with us.Bolivians are just not used to foreigners and don’t really know how to handle tourists.But we can’t even blame them.After a long and hard time as a Spanish colony，people are still very suspicious of foreigners. What we loved most and surprised us is how Bolivians keep their traditions alive，which is truly amazing.We often saw locals wearing their traditional clothes and marketing their self-made medicine.These and other efforts to preserve their customs deserve respect.You just can’t see that in many countries in the world. I loved their clothes so much that I borrowed a traditional Bolivian dress to try to overcome the “tourist vs local barrier” and show the locals on the island that we truly love their culture and appreciate it.The experience was absolutely wonderful.We walked to the sunset point and locals were smiling and waving at us，cheering and we felt like we had a “connecting moment”． Even though we had this cultural shock and despite the negative feelings at the beginning of our travels in Bolivia，we have to say that we will never forget how special Bolivia was to us. 语篇解读　本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了作者在玻利维亚旅行时，感受到了文化冲击，当地对外国人的冷漠态度源于殖民历史。尽管如此，玻利维亚人对传统的坚守令人印象深刻，作者通过穿传统服饰与当地人建立了联系，体验了难忘的文化融合时刻。 1．How might newcomers feel about Bolivians? A．They are cold. B．They are gentle. C．They are clever. D．They are generous. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Bolivians will stare at you，give angry looks，and often won’t even say hi when you come to their stores and restaurants.”可知，玻利维亚人对外地人的态度很冷漠。故选A项。 2．What shaped Bolivians’ attitude to foreigners? A．Foreigners’ rude manners. B．The location of the country. C．The unpleasant history of the country. D．Local people’s lack of knowledge. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“After a long and hard time as a Spanish colony，people are still very suspicious of foreigners.”可知，玻利维亚人对外国人的负面态度是由于他们作为西班牙殖民地的不愉快历史所塑造的。故选C项。 3．What’s the author’s favorite about Bolivians? A．They seldom blame foreigners. B．They are good at doing business. C．They have many self-made items. D．They preserve their traditions well. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“What we loved most and surprised us is how Bolivians keep their traditions alive，which is truly amazing.”可知，作者最喜欢玻利维亚人的一点是他们很好地保留了自己的传统。故选D项。 4．Which of the following best describes the author’s trip to Bolivia? A．Comforted. B．Fruitless. C．Eye-opening. D．Embarrassed. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even though we had this cultural shock...we have to say that we will never forget how special Bolivia was to us.”可知，尽管一开始有文化冲击和负面感受，但作者的玻利维亚之旅最终是开阔眼界的，因为他们对玻利维亚的特殊性留下了深刻的印象。故选C项。 B Alaska’s Mendenhall glacier(冰川) is about 20 minutes by car from Juneau，the state capital.It is one of the area’s most popular sites for tourists.But climate change has caused the ice to melt and the glacier to retreat(消退)．That means it is losing more snow and ice than it gains.Researchers say the Mendenhall glacier retreated about 800 metres between 2007 and 2021. Mendenhall pours down from rocky land between mountains and into a lake filled with icebergs.Special signs mark the glacier’s retreat，showing where the ice once stood.Experts estimate that by 2050，people will not be able to see the Mendenhall glacier from the visitor centre that was built for it.That is already the case at some other glacier visitor centres in Alaska. The melting glacier leads to questions for the Alaskan tourism industry.How can tourism leaders help protect the glaciers for visitors to enjoy? And should there be limits on the number of tourists to the area? Tourism is an important part of Juneau’s economy.About 1.6 million cruise ship(游轮) passengers are expected to stop in Juneau.On especially busy days,20,000 people arrive each day to a city that has only 30,000 full-time residents. Manoj Pillai is a cruise ship worker from India.He recently got off his ship and went to see the Mendenhall glacier.“The glacier is so beautiful now，” he said.But he wondered what it must have looked like 10 or 20 years ago and what it would look like in the following days. People have many reasons to want to visit Alaska，and all the visitors help the state’s economy.But in Juneau，tourism officials are questioning whether the city and surrounding areas can deal with so many visitors each year.City leaders and major cruise lines have agreed to a daily five-ship limit for next year.But critics worry that may not do much to reduce tourist numbers because the ships themselves keep getting bigger.Some Juneau residents say they would like one day a week without ships. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿拉斯加的门登霍尔冰川是当地最受游客欢迎的景点之一。但气候变化导致冰川融化，这给当地旅游带来新的挑战。 5．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The Mendenhall glacier. B．The special sign. C．The glacier’s retreat. D．The tourism industry. 答案　A 解析　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句句意可知，游客中心是因门登霍尔冰川而建的，所以it指的是the Mendenhall glacier。故选A项。 6．What is Manoj Pillai’s attitude towards the future of the Mendenhall glacier? A．Confident. B．Annoyed. C．Concerned. D．Uninterested. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据第五段“Manoj Pillai is a cruise ship worker from India.He recently got off his ship and went to see the Mendenhall glacier...But he wondered...and what it would look like in the following days.”可知，Manoj Pillai对于门登霍尔冰川未来会怎么样表示担忧。故选C项。 7．What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph? A．New cruise ship routes will be added in the future. B．The large number of tourists has brought negative impacts. C．The local government attaches great importance to tourism safety. D．Alaska’s tourism has lost its appeal to tourists. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But in Juneau，tourism officials are questioning whether the city and surrounding areas can deal with so many visitors each year.”可知，旅游部门的官员们质疑这座城市和周边区域是否能够每年接待这么多游客。故可推断，游客太多带来了负面影响。故选B项。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Climate Change Creates Questions for Alaska’s Tourist Economy B．Residents in Juneau Are Anxiously Awaiting a Decision C．The Best Way to Visit Amazing Alaska Is by Taking a Cruise Ship D．The Glaciers Are Disappearing，Changing the Face of Alaska 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容，尤其根据第一段前三句、第二段最后两句以及第三段可知，本文主要讲了气候气化导致阿拉斯加的门登霍尔冰川融化，这给阿拉斯加的旅游业带来了挑战。故选A项。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) More than 40 percent of Antarctica’s ice shelves have reduced in the past 25 years，potentially accelerating sea level rise by allowing more land ice to flow into the ocean. 1 They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica.When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退)，ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise. Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time.An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving，which is when its front breaks off into the ocean. 2 But the large portion of steadily shrinking ice shelves shows this natural cycle is off. In West Antarctica，the Getz Ice Shelf experienced some of the biggest ice losses，shedding 1.9 trillion tons of ice over the study period.Most ice shelves in East Antarctica，however，increased in volume or stayed the same. 3 The region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast，which helps keep nearby warm water at bay.Even so，the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves，and researchers are still investigating the reasons. 4 The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet，but it would be a remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. 5 But we don’t need to hit it before seeing an effect on the planet. A．Then it can gain ice from the land and grow again. B．Ice shelves are massive floating sections of ice extending from glaciers on land. C．The east is not as exposed to the warm water like the other side of the continent. D．The thinning of the ice shelves has shown up in the surrounding environment，too. E．Ice shelves are not just the big ones steadily losing mass over time with no sign of recovery. F．One theory is that the warmer water on the western side could be slowly coming in the region. G．Additionally，climate models predict ice shelves will steadily shrink in a warming world as observed，eventually hitting a tipping point for ice sheet collapse. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的25年里，南极洲40%以上的冰架已经减少，这可能会使更多的陆地冰流入海洋，从而加速海平面上升。文章还介绍了这一现象的原因可能和气候变化有关。 1．答案　B 解析　下文“They play a critical role...accelerate sea level rise.”说明了南极冰架的作用。空处引出下文，介绍什么是南极冰架。B项中的“Ice shelves”是下文They所指代的对象，B项“冰架是从陆地上的冰川延伸出来的巨大浮冰”符合语境。故选B。 2．答案　A 解析　上文“Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time.An ice shelf is continuously...”说明冰架可以自然消退和增长并具体讲了冰架是如何消退的。空处承接上文，表明冰架如何再次增长。A项中的“gain ice from the land and grow again”和上文“grow over time”相呼应。故A项“然后它可以从陆地获取冰并再次增长”符合语境。故选A。 3．答案　C 解析　上文“Most ice shelves in East Antarctica，however，increased in volume or stayed the same.”以及下文“The region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast，which helps keep nearby warm water at bay.”说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变是因为附近的温水没有进入。空处承接上文，说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变的原因。C项符合语境。故选C。 4．答案　F 解析　上文“Even so，the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves，and researchers are still investigating the reasons.”说明研究人员在调查该区域冰架缩小的原因。空处承接上文，F项“有一种理论认为，西区温暖的海水可能正在缓慢地涌入该地区”符合语境，F项中的“One theory”和上文的“investigating the reasons”相呼应。故选F。 5．答案　G 解析　上文“The current ice shelf data set...if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger.”说明虽然数据还不足以明确地将冰架减少和气候变化联系起来，但是因为冰架的变化非常大，所以还是推测和气候变化有关。空处进一步表明这一观点。G项中的Additionally和上文是递进关系，G项“此外，气候模型预测，正如所观察到的那样，在全球变暖的情况下，冰架将不断缩小，最终达到冰盖崩塌的临界点”符合语境。故选G。 Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·安徽黄山高二下期末) Counted among the “Ten Great Chinese Paintings”，the famous historical scroll painting Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy(使团) created by renowned painter Yan Liben (601-673) 1. (make) an appearance in an exhibition at the Palace Museum in Beijing on April 29,2023.This painting 2. (faithful) displays a scene in the year 641 when Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty received the Tibetan team，3. came for Tang Princess Wencheng. In the 4. (seven)century，Songtsen Gampo，the headman of the Tibetan Tubo Kingdom，sent an envoy to Chang’an to propose a marriage.Emperor Taizong agreed to give Princess Wencheng in marriage to him.In the spring of 641，the envoy sent by Songtsen Gampo arrived at the court 5. (guard) the princess back to Tubo. Princess Wencheng brought not only Tang Dynasty customs and practices，but also a large group of 6. (craftsman)，which had a stimulating effect 7. the Tubo tribal economy and culture.As a result，the Tang Empire and Tubo maintained a good relationship for a considerable period. In addition to well-known artworks such as this painting，the exhibition also featured a large number of cultural relics 8. (display)to the public for the first time. The exhibition showcased 9. total of 108 cultural relics，including 13 items from 10. (variety) units of the Cultural Heritage Bureau of the Xizang Autonomous Region，as well as 95 items from the Palace Museum. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了著名画家阎立本创作的著名历史卷轴《步辇图》在北京故宫博物院展出。 1．答案　made 解析　考查时态。空处作谓语动词，根据时间状语“on April 29,2023”可知，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填made。 2．答案　faithfully 解析　考查副词。修饰动词display用副词作状语。故填faithfully。 3．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the Tibetan team”，在从句中担当主语，用which。故填which。 4．答案　seventh/7th 解析　考查序数词。根据句意可知，事情发生在公元第7世纪，用序数词。故填seventh/7th。 5．答案　to guard 解析　考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词的不定式形式。故填to guard。 6．答案　craftsmen 解析　考查名词复数。根据空前的“a large group of”可判断，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填craftsmen。 7．答案　on/upon 解析　考查介词。固定搭配have an effect on/upon，意为“对……有影响”。故填on/upon。 8．答案　displayed 解析　考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“cultural relics”之间为被动关系，用动词的过去分词形式。故填displayed。 9．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。短语a total of，意为“总计”。故填a。 10．答案　various 解析　考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，空处用形容词作定语，修饰其后的名词units。故填various。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅰ Wish you were here Unit 1 Vocabulary Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. adj.城市的，城镇的 2. n.祖宗，祖先；原种 3. vt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验 n.样本，样品；取样 4. n.郊区，城外 5. n.侄女，外甥女 6. n.幸福，福祉；福利 7. n.方式，方法；举止； (pl.)礼貌 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 urban ancestor sample suburb niece welfare manner 8. n.一件商品(或物品)；项目 9. n.雕像，雕塑 10. n.家具 11. n.细粒，颗粒；谷物 12. vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n.差异，差别；对照物 13. vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 14. n.国界，边界 vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 item statue furniture grain contrast chew border 15. n.砖块；积木 16. n.串，束；大量 17. vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 18. adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 19. adj.液体的，液态的 n.液体 20. adj.极地的；完全相反的 21. 除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是 brick bunch fetch awesome liquid polar apart from 22. 不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远 23. 不足为奇，毫不奇怪 24. 可归结为，可归纳为 25. 去，前往 26. (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 off the beaten track come as no surprise come down to make one’s way to beat down 1.blooming adj.盛开的，开花的 → n.花 vi.开花；变得健康(或快活、自信) 2.unfold vi.& vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现 → vt.折叠；折起来 n.褶痕 →folding adj.可折叠的 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 bloom fold 3.ethnically adv.种族地 → adj.种族的；民族的 n.少数民族的人 4. adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的； 清楚的，清晰的 →distinction n.区别；差别 →distinctly adv.明显地；显然地；清楚地 5.mighty adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的 → n.强大力量；威力 ethnic distinct might 6.minority n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人 → adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的 7.depth n.最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 → adj.深的 adv.在深处 →deeply adv.深深地；强烈地 →deepen vt.加深；(使)变深 8.botanical adj.植物学的 →botanist n.植物学家 → n.植物学 minor deep botany 9.accommodation n.住处 → vt.提供住处；容纳 10.surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 →surroundings n.[pl.]环境；周围的事物 → vt.围绕；环绕；包围 11. n.融洽，和睦；和谐 →harmonious adj.和谐的 12. vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持 →sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的 accommodate surround harmony sustain 13.consumption n.消耗，消耗量；消费 → vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝 →consumer n.消费者；用户；客户 14. adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的 →elegance n.优雅；优美 →elegantly adv.优雅地 15.resolution n.决心，决定；决议；解决 → vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚定的信念 consume elegant resolve 16. vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 →starvation n.挨饿；饿死 17.departure n.离开，起程 → vi.离开；启程；出发 18. n.泥，淤泥 →muddy adj.泥泞的，多泥的 19.parking n.停车；停车位 → vt.& vi.停放(车辆) n.公园 starve depart mud park 20.possession n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 → vt.拥有；占有；具有 21.intently adv.热切地，专注地 → adj.热切的；专注的 22. n.远足，徒步旅行 vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行 →hiker n.徒步旅行者；远足者 23.delicacy n.佳肴；谨慎；敏感；脆弱 → adj.易碎的；脆弱的；精致的；需小心处理的 possess intent hike delicate 1.Our brave ancestors set out for the battlefield and spared no effort to protect our territory from being attacked by enemies. 2.A milky mist filling the valley，we wandered，feeling as if we were in a fairyland. 3.Written Chinese dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 4.Much to the scientists’ astonishment，a liquid layer forms at the base of the glacier. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 ______ ______ ______ ______ 领土 山谷 雕刻 冰川 5.Finally，we obtained a splendid opportunity to visit the splendid mountain—Mount Huang，and as a result，we made our way to it excitedly. 6.The closer we approached the splendid strait，the more excited we became. 7.No one can deny the fact that Sichuan cuisine is famous both at home and abroad. 8.By contrast，it is important for us to have an enthusiastic and dynamic personality. ________　________ ______ ______ ____________ 极佳的 海峡 菜肴 充满活力的 雄伟的 9.The terrible flood destroyed all his possessions，including his furniture and his newly-bought fiddle. 10.There are many souvenirs to choose from，such as blankets and vases. 11.Congratulations on your being chosen as the captain of the hockey team at our school. 12.Being high school students，we must obey various codes，such as dress codes. 13.There are different categories of antiques in the museum，but I know nothing about the antique stuff. ________ ________　______　______ ________ __________　 __________ ______　________ 小提琴 曲棍球 行为规范 古董 纪念品 毛毯 花瓶 着装规定 古老的 14.The trees form a natural protection from the sun’s rays. 15.We intended to have had a barbecue but the heavy rain ruined that idea. 16.A minority of poor villagers still live in huts and there is an urgent need to improve their living environment. 17.It came as no surprise that her new dress which was dotted with flowers caught our eye. 18.I have to slice ham，lamb and sausage into thin slices and then slice a piece of pork. 返 回 _______ ___________ _______ _______ ______　________　 ______ 光线 棚屋 火腿 户外烧烤 点缀 羊羔肉 香肠 词汇突破 核心 19 除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)， 要不是 1 apart from apart from 既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except或except for的含义 besides “除了……之外(还有……)”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于in addition to/as well as except “除了……之外(别无)”，指从同类的人或物中排除 except for 表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况 [用apart from/besides/except/except for填空] (1)　　　　　　　　　 the beautiful valley，the cuisine also attracts many tourists. (2)The girl benefited a lot from her space training ____________________ getting a license. (3)The suit fits me well that the colour is too bright. (4)Everything was perfect for the picnic in this suburb ________________ the muddy road. Apart from/Besides besides/apart from except/apart from except for/apart from (5)除了强身健体之外，经常锻炼身体还可以预防疾病。(话题写作之健康的生活) ______________________________________________________________，taking regular exercise can keep the illness away. Apart from/In addition to/Besides/As well as strengthening the body 写作佳句 n.少数民族；少数，少数人 (minor adj.较小的；次要的 major adj.主要的 n.专业；主修学生 v.主修 majority n.多数) 2 minority • a/the minority of少数的 be in the/a minority占少数 • major in主修 • a/the majority of多数的 be in the/a majority占多数 (1)Only a minority the witnesses were willing to unfold the truth of the accident to the police. (2)He majored biology and after graduation he returned home and worked for his father’s botanical research center. of in (3)女性在会议上占少数并不足为奇。 It comes as no surprise that _______________________________ ________. (4)占12%的少数学生喜欢浏览英语学习网站。(2022·全国乙·书面表达) ，accounting for 12%，enjoy/enjoys surfing English learning websites. women are in the/a minority at the meeting 写作佳句 A/The minority of students in depth全面；深入；详细 at a depth of在……深处 (1)I found it hard to understand the (deep) of her love for her children. (2) a depth of 10 metres in the valley，we found blooming wild flowers. (3)The new policy (deep) changed the market structure and price trends. n.最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 [deep adj.深的；深奥的 adv.在深处 deeply adv.深刻地，强烈地；非常 deepen vt.加深，(使)变深] depth 3 depth At deeply (4)这真是一个可以加深我们对不同文化理解的好机会，不容错过。(话题写作之文化交流) It is really a good opportunity that can’t be missed ___________ ____________________________________. to deepen our understanding of different cultures 写作佳句 surround sb/sth (with sb/sth)(用某人/某物)包围某人/某物 be surrounded by/with sb/sth被某人/某物包围 (1)My family often walk around the square which is surrounded _________ blooming flowers in spring. (2)Learning is a process in which we adapt ourselves to our ____________ (surrounding). adj.周围的，附近的(surround vt.围绕；环绕 surroundings n.环境) surrounding 4 by/with surroundings (3)这个地区四面环绕着高山和峡谷，每年都吸引许多游客。(话题写作之景点介绍) ，this territory attracts many tourists every year. Surrounded by/with mighty mountains and valleys 写作佳句 in harmony with sb/sth与……协调；与……相配 out of harmony with sb/sth与……不协调 live/work in harmony生活/工作得融洽 (1)Social is very important to us.Only if people live _____ harmony with each other can we have a society.(harmony) n.协调；融洽；和谐(harmonious adj.和谐的；协调的；和睦的) harmony 5 harmony in harmonious (2)越来越多的人意识到，我们学会与自然和谐相处是至关重要的。(话题写作之自然与环境) More and more people are aware that it is vital that __________ ________________________________. 写作佳句 we (should) learn to live in harmony with nature in a(n)...manner以……方式 It is good/bad manners to do sth. 做某事是有/没有礼貌的。 table manners餐桌礼仪 (1)I can’t have you speaking to your mother a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately. (2)It is bad (manner) to talk with your mouth full. n.方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 manner 6 in manners (3)当你拜访一位中国朋友的时候，带一份礼物是有礼貌的，比如一束花。吃饭时，你也应该注意你的餐桌礼仪。(话题写作之中国礼仪) ，such as a bunch of flowers，when you visit a Chinese friend.At dinner，_________________ ____________________________. It’s good manners to bring a gift 写作佳句 you should also pay attention to your table manners fight one’s way奋力前进 lose one’s way迷路 feel one’s way摸索着前进 push one’s way挤过去，强行前进 wind one’s way蜿蜒前进 find one’s way out找到出路 前往；到……地方去；在事业上有所起步 make one’s way (to) 7 (1)用way短语的正确形式填空 ①In spite of the fact that it rained cats and dogs，he still _______________ the appointed place. ②The Great Wall across north China like a huge dragon. ③They in the forest and what made matters worse was that it began to rain.They were desperate to . made his way to winds its way lost their way find their way out (2)只要你奋力前进，你一定会取得成功。(应用文写作之建议信) ，you are bound to succeed. As/So long as you fight your way 写作佳句 starve to death饿死 be starving饿极了 starve for渴望 be starved of/for sth缺乏某物，急需某物 vi.&vt.(使)挨饿，(使)饿死(starvation n.饥饿，饿死) starve 8 (1)His anxiety came down to the fact that he was starved ____________ accommodation in this new place. (2)There was a time when our ancestors would starve death for lack of food. (3)Millions of people will face (starve) next year as a result of the drought，so they plan to make their way to other areas. of/for to starvation (4)不管我们离家多远或多忙，我们都渴望春节幸福的团圆。(话题写作之节日介绍) No matter how far away from home or how busy we are，we all in the Spring Festival. 写作佳句 starve for a happy reunion • in possession of占有；拥有；持有 in the possession of为某人所有 take possession of占有；拥有；支配 • be possessed of具有(某种品质、能力等) n.私人物品；所有物；财产；具有，拥有[possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(不用于进行时)] possession 9 (1)It’s said that those people have lost their homes and ___________(possess) due to the terrible flood. (2)The artist is (possess) of great self-confidence. (3)直到所有文件都被签了字你才能拥有这所房子。 ①You can’t until all the papers have been signed. (possess) ②You can’t until all the papers have been signed.(possession) ③The house can’t until all the papers have been signed.(possession) possessions possessed possess the house be in/take possession of the house be in the possession of you (4)俗话说：“真正的朋友是最宝贵的财富。”(主旨升华句) As the saying goes，“ .” A true friend is the best possession 写作佳句 返 回 热点微练 高考 43 A.方式；方法　B.举止；行为方式　C.礼貌；礼仪 1.His manner was polite but cool. 2.The manner in which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable. 3.It is suggested that you should know about some table manners. A.项目；条目　B.一件商品/物品　C.一条/一则(新闻) 4.We have many items to discuss in our meeting. 5.I’m curious to know what the first news item is mainly about. 6.Can I pay for each item separately? Ⅰ.一词多义 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ B A C A C B 1.I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 2.Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground. 3.As the story unfolds，we learn more about Max’s childhood. 4.She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world. Ⅱ.熟词生义 ______________ ______________ __________________ ____________ vt.品尝；尝试 vt.以厚层覆盖 vi.展示，逐渐展现 vt.奋斗取得 返 回 本课结束 $$