Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle（知识清单）-【百汇大课堂·高中学习测试卷】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2019）

三、写作典例 假如你是李华，是某个美术俱乐部的负责人，请你用英语写一则通知， 告知俱乐部成员要去参观一个中国画画展的事情。通知的内容需包含以下 信息： 1.展览的时间、地点； 2.展览的内容： 3.观看展览时的注意事项。 注意：词数80左右。 [范文赏析] An Art Exhibiton Announcement Attention,please!I have an announcement to make. We will go to see a Chinese painting exhibition next Sunday.The highlight of the exhibition is one painting created by Tang Yin,who is recognised as one of the greatest artists China has ever known.We will enjoy some other painters'works,which are also very interesting.No photos or food and drink are allowed in the exhibition. Please wait at the school gate at 7:00 a.m.No one will be admitted to enter the exhibition after 8:30 a.m.Please be on time!I hope you'll learn much and have a good time. UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE Section 1 Reading and Thinking [基础知识必备] L.dominate vt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势 ·be dominated by被…控制 ·domination n.控制；支配 DEventually I got annoyed because he always wanted to dominate everything in my life. 最后我生气了，因为他总是想主宰我生活中的一切。 ·12· 2It is natural that some companies are fighting for the domination of the market. 一些公司争取控制市场，这很正常。 2.in response to回答；答复 ·in response 作为答复 emergency response应急响应 ·respond to sb. 答复某人 respond to sth. 对某事做出回应 DI'm writing to have a brief introduction to Beijing Opera in response to your request. 为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。 2I do believe that we students will definitely respond to the appeal to use shared bikes properly. 我的确相信我们学生一定会响应正确使用共享单车的号召。 3.reward n.回报：奖励：报酬vt.奖励；奖赏：给以报酬 ·in reward for为奖赏/答谢 as a reward for作为对…的奖赏 reward sb.with sth.for (doing)sth. 为（做）某事用某物奖赏酬谢 某人 ·rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的 DI'd like to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous help during my stay in Britain.(reward n. =I'd like to show you around Beijing to reward you for your generous help during my stay in Britain.(reward vt. 我想带你逛逛北京，以报答我在英国期间你对我的慷慨帮助。 2The old Silk Road is worthy of a visit,which will be an interesting and rewarding experience. 古老的丝绸之路值得一游，这将是一次有趣且有益的经历。 4.rely vi.依赖：依靠；信赖 ·rely on依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on sb.to do sth.信赖某人做某事 rely on(one's)doing sth..指望（某人）做某事 rely on it that..指望… ·reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的 DMy father and I had no choice but to rely on ourselves to find a way out of the thick forest. 父亲和我别无选择，只能指望我们自己找到一条走出这片茂密森林的路了。 ·13· 2I guarantee that you can rely on it that he can help you out of the present difficulty. 我保证你可以相信他会帮助你摆脱目前的困难。 Not only is he reliable but he is also considerate and selfless,so I think he is quite qualified for the position. 他不仅可靠，而且体贴无私，所以我认为他很适合这个职位。 5.straight away立即；马上 立刻，马上”的其他表达：right away;right now;at once;in no time等 DI caught a bad cold,so I should go and see a doctor straight away. 我患了重感冒，所以我应该马上去看医生。 2Sensing that I was quite embarrassed,my younger brother came to my assistance straight away/right away/right now at once in no time. 意识到我相当尴尬，我弟弟立即来帮我。 6.pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 ·be pessimistic about对…悲观 ·optimistic adj.乐观的 be optimistic about对……乐观 DHaving known that I was pessimistic about my school performance,my headteacher spared no effort to make me optimistic about my future. 得知我对我的学业成绩悲观，我的班主任竭尽全力使我对未来乐观。 2Being optimistic rather than pessimistic,the sculptor can handle various hardships in his routine life. 这位雕刻家乐观而不悲观，能够处理日常生活中各种各样的困难。 7.after all毕竟，终究 all in all总而言之 in all总共；共计 at all 根本；全然（常用于否定句、疑问句、条件句中加强语气） above all首先；最重要的是 first of all首先 After all,it is normal for many Senior Three students to feel more stressed before important exams.So you don't need to worry at all.First of all,it will be a good idea if you share your feelings with your friends or teachers.Furthermore,keep an optimistic attitude towards life and study.All in all,follow the above proposals and you will get rid of your trouble soon. ·14· 毕竟，对于许多高三学生来说，重要考试前感到更焦虑是正常的。因此你 一点也不用担心。首先，如果你和你的朋友或老师分享你的感受，这会是 一个好主意。另外，对生活和学习保持乐观的态度。总而言之，听从以上 建议，你将很快摆脱你的困境。 8.decide on 决定；选定 ·decide to do sth. 决定做某事 ·decision n.决定 make a decision 做出决定 arrive at come to reach a decision 做出决定 DWe finally decided on holding a class meeting to make a plan for the activity. 我们最后决定召开一次班会来制订活动计划。 2To protect the Chinese cultural heritage,our school has decided/has made a decision to invite some famous artists to put on performances in the school auditorium from 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm next Friday. 为了保护中国文化遗产，我们学校已经决定邀请一些著名的艺术家于下 周五下午4点到6点在学校礼堂演出。 9.These bad habits,if left unchecked,could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. 如果不加以控制，这些不良习惯在他们成年以后会导致更加严重的问题 (出现)。 ·句中的if left unchecked是状语从句的省略，补充完整为：if they are left unchecked。 ·状语从句省略的条件： a.从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句的谓语中含有be动词时，可 以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 b.如果状语从句中出现了itis/was时，可以把itis/was一起省略。 DIf left untreated,the disease will become worse,and even threaten one's life. 如果得不到治疗，这种病会变得更加严重，甚至威胁性命。 2Whenever helping people in trouble,I will be rewarded with their heartfelt gratitude. 每当帮助有困难的人，我都会得到他们由衷的感谢。 3Although declined repeatedly,I still insisted on my own opinion. 虽然多次被拒绝，但我仍坚持自己的观点。 15· 10.In fact,the most successful way to change is not suddenly,but over a period of time. 实际上，最成功的改变方法不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。 本句中含有not..but..结构，意为“不是…而是…” ·not..,but...连接两个主语时，谓语的数要遵循“就近原则”： ·not only...but also.,.不但…而且…，连接两个主语时，谓语的 数也要遵循“就近原则”。 DMy classmate did not help me out,but said something that let me down. 我的同学没有帮我一把，而是说了些让我失望的话。 2Not only the girl but also her parents are fond of the film. 女孩和父母都喜欢这部电影。 Section 2 Learning About Language [基础知识必备] 1.make up one's mind 下定决心 keep one's mind on 专心于 bear.keep in mind记住，牢记 change one's mind改变主意 come to one's mind忽然想起 Once he has made up his mind,nothing can change his mind.He will keep his mind on what he is doing until he achieves his goal. 一旦他下定决心，什么都不能改变他的主意。他将全神贯注于他正在做 的事情直到实现目标。 2.compose vt..&vi.组成；作曲；撰写 ·be composed of由…组成（或构成）的 =be made up of由…组成 =consist of由…组成 ·composition n.组成：构成；创作；作品 ·composer n.作曲家 A Chinese Classics Reciting contest which is composed of/is made up of. consists of reciting Chinese classics individually or in a group and talent shows is popular with all the students. 由个人或集体朗诵和才艺表演组成的中国古典文学朗诵比赛受到所有学 生的欢迎。 ·16· 3.disturb vt.打扰：搅乱；使烦恼 disturbed adj.心神不安的；心烦意乱的；烦恼的 disturbing ad)j,令人不安的；烦扰的 undisturbed ad).j.不受干扰的；未被打搅的 We can't focus on our homework because of the disturbing noise. 因为噪音太吵，我们无法专心做作业。 4.Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier. 每天做一些小的改变，你的生活方式会变得更健康。 ·祈使句十and十陈述句=If..,十主句 祈使句十or'otherwise/or else十陈述句=If..not+主句 ·名词词组十and十陈述句 DForm good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency. =If you form good habits of learning,you will improve your learning efficiency. 养成良好的学习习惯，就能提高学习效率。 2Work hard orotherwise you will fall behind other students. 努力学习，否则你会落在其他学生后面。 [同步语法精讲] 动词不定式（短语）作主语 动词不定式作主语通常表示个别的、具体的、一次性的或者具有将来含 义的动作，并且句子谓语动词采用第三人称单数形式。常见的不定式作主 语的情况主要有三类： 一、不定式直接作主语 不定式具有名词的特征，可在句子中充当主语。 To know something about English is one thing;to know English is quite another. 懂一点英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can get. 爱与被爱是一个人能获得的最大幸福。 To look after these naughty boys is really difficult. 照看这些淘气的男孩真的很难。 [名师指津]不定式和动名词作主语的区别： (1)不定式：表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来的动作 To teach you the uses of the infinitive is my job today.(表具体行为) 教你们不定式的用法是我今天的工作。 ·17· (2)动词-ig形式：表示比较抽象的、经常性的、一般性动作 Teaching is my job.(表抽象行为) 教学是我的工作。 二、t作形式主语 l.Itis+形容词(+for/of sb.)+to do sth. It is necessary for us to master a foreign language. 我们有必要掌握一门外语。 It is very kind of you to help us. 你帮助我们真是太好了。 [名师指津]区别for与of (1)for sb.的句型常用来表示事物的特征，其前常用表示客观的形容词， 如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等。 It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门语言是很难的。 (2)o「sb.的句型一般用于表示人物的性格、品质，其前常用表示主观感 情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等。 It's very nice of you to help me. 你（来）帮助我真是太好了。 2.Itis+a an one's+名词（如a pity/a shame a pleasure;one's duty/an honor...)to do sth. It's a great honor to be invited to your birthday party. 很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。 3.It takes/costs/requires sb./sth.to do sth. It took me two hours to finish the work. 我完成那项工作用了两个小时。 [名师指津]在Itis+no use/no good/useless/.fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a pleasure,.,句型中，常用动名 词形式作真正的主语。 It is no use waiting here doing nothing. 无所事事地等待是没有用的。 三、“疑问词十动词不定式（短语）”结构 动词不定式（短语）可与疑间词when,where,how,what,which,who等 组合，在句中作主语。 Where to hold the meeting is still unknown. 会议地点还未知。 How to solve the problem has not been decided yet. 如何解决这个问题还未确定。 ·18· Section 3 Using Language Assessing Your Progress [基础知识必备] 1.stimulate vt.激发：促进：刺激 be stimulated by被…激励 stimulate sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事 In teaching,teachers can create situations to stimulate feelings. 在教学中，教师可以从创设情境中激发情感。 2Whenever I am stressed out and worn out,my warm-hearted friend always stimulates me to insist on my initial goal. 每当我感到压力和疲惫的时候，我热心的朋友总是激励我坚持我最初的 目标。 2.stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁 ·stress vt..强调；施压于；使紧张n.压力；重音；强调 stress the importance of sth.强调某事的重要性 under stress 在压力之下 under the stress of在…压力下；为…所迫 lay/put stress on 强调：把重点放在…上 ·stressful adj.压力大的；紧张的 stressed ad.焦虑不安的 DI'm always feeling stressed out because my efforts don't seem to pay off. 我经常感到焦虑不安，因为我的努力似乎得不到回报。 2There is no denying that all the Senior 3 students are under great stress.So neither the teachers nor the parents should put more stress on them.To ease the unbearable stress,I must stress/lay stress on the importance of a balance between study and relaxation. 毫无疑问，所有高三学生都处在巨大压力之下。因此，老师和父母都不应 该让他们承受更多压力了。为了缓解难以承受的压力，我必须强调学习 和放松之间平衡性的重要性。 3.worn out筋疲力尽的：疲惫的：破烂不堪的：废旧的 ·wear sb.out 使某人筋疲力尽 ·worn adj.用坏的：疲惫的 ·19· DFaced with such a stressful challenge,I felt worn out physically and mentally. 面对这样一个充满压力的挑战，我感到身心俱疲。 2Walking around a museum all day really wears you out. 一整天在博物馆里走来走去，真的让人筋疲力尽。 4.take control of控制 in control of 控制：支配 in the control of 由…控制 take control of控制（表动作） lose control of 对…失去控制 beyond one's control某人无法控制 out of control 不受控制 under the control of受…控制 The influential but humble manager took control of the tobacco company five years ago. =The influential but humble manager has been in control of the tobacco company for five years. =The tobacco company has been in the control of the influential but humble manager for five years. =The tobacco company has been under the control of the influential but humble manager for five years. 这位有影响力但谦逊的经理五年前控制了这家烟草公司。 5.try out试用；测试；试验 try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try on试穿 try out for参加…选拔 DJack,a dynamic and kind-hearted boy,was trying out his new way to help Bernard out of his present difficulty. 杰克，一个精力充沛的、热心肠的男孩，正在尝试他的新方法来帮助伯纳 德摆脱目前的困境。 2I tried to persuade him to be absorbed in his study,but in vain. 我尽力说服他全神贯注于学习，但是白费功夫。 3I stimulated all the students in the class to try out for the basketball team. 我激励班里所有学生都参加篮球队选拔。 ·20· 6.absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收 absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意 absorb...from... 从…中吸收… ·absorbed adj.全神贯注的 be absorbed in全神贯注于 Tom was absorbed in his work,so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting. =Absorbing himself in his work,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting..(现在分词作状语) =Absorbed in his work,Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(过去分词作状语) 汤姆专心于他的工作，所以他忘了告诉我开会的时间。 7.I get refreshed through climbing,spend more time with my dad,and get to meet new friends. 攀岩让我精神焕发，有更多时间和父亲在一起，还认识了新朋友。 ·本句中的get refreshed是get done结构。 ·常见的get done结构： get broken打破了 get punished受到惩罚 get hurt 受到伤害 get married结婚 get annoyed生气 get excited激动 get separated被分开 DAfter participating in the summer camp,my confidence got enhanced. 参加夏令营之后，我的信心增强了。 2Tom got punished on account of his sharp words. 由于他刻薄的话，汤姆受到了惩罚。 [单元写作素材] 一、写作指导 本单元的写作任务是用英语给编辑写一封有关摒弃不良生活方式、培 养良好生活习惯的信，要求考生能够就“健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度” 表达自己的想法。 ·21·