Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ Vocabulary Lessons in life Unit2 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1. adj.广泛流传的 2. n.成语，习语；警句 3. n.工作酬金，服务费 4. v.挤满 5. adj.荒唐的，愚蠢的 6. v.倚，靠 7. n.绝望 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 widespread phrase fee cram absurd lean despair 8. (使)重聚 9. 大学学费 10. 导致，造成 11. 被……分心 12. 突然……起来 13. 由……决定；多达；直到(某个时刻或日 期)；胜任；正在做，忙于 14. 由……组成 15. (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过；用 完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期) be reunited with university fees result in be/get distracted by burst out... up to be composed of get through 16. 与……失去联系 17. 寻找 18. 远非；绝不 19. 每次 lose touch with search for far from every time 1.weaken v.(使)虚弱；削弱 → adj.虚弱的 →weakness n.弱点；虚弱 2. adj.悲观的，悲观主义的 →pessimistically adv.悲观地 →pessimism n.悲观；悲观情绪；悲观主义 →pessimist n.悲观主义者 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 weak pessimistic 3. v.预期，预料 →anticipation n.预期，预料；期待 4.possession n.财物，财产 → vt.拥有；具有；支配 5.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的 → adj.正常的 →normally adv.正常地，通常 6.recognition n.认出；认可；承认 → vt.辨认出；承认；意识到 anticipate possess normal recognise/recognize 7. v.合作，协作 →cooperation n.合作；协作 →cooperative adj.合作的 8. adj.纯的，纯净的，洁净的 →purely adv.仅仅；完全 →purify v.净化；使纯净 →purity n.纯洁 cooperate pure 9.instinctively adv.本能地 →instinctive adj.本能的；天生的 → n.本能；直觉 10. n.奢华，奢侈 →luxurious adj.奢侈的；十分舒适的 instinct luxury 1.The little boy ran towards his mother with arms outstretched. 2.Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies in the same way that light passes through a window. 3.Thinking of others’ gossiping behind her back，she got vexed and upset. Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 adj.张开的，伸开的 adj.透明的 adj.恼火的 4.Madame Curie was a famous woman scientist in the world. 5.Carla，curled up on the sofa，was stroking her cat. n.夫人 v.轻抚，抚摸 返 回 词汇突破 核心 13 • be weak in...在……方面弱；不善于…… • strengths and weaknesses优缺点 v.(使)虚弱(weak adj.虚弱的weakness n.虚弱；弱点) 1 weaken (1)In his boyhood，he was weak mathematics，but good at English. (2)Once she has made up her mind to do something，nothing will ______ (weak) her determination. in weaken (3)合格的教练应该很清楚地知道每个球员的长处和短处。 A qualified coach should well know ________________________ of each player. 写作佳句 the strengths and weaknesses • take possession of 占有；拥有 be in possession of拥有…… be in the possession of＝be in one’s possession(某物)被(某人)拥有 • be possessed of具有；拥有 n.拥有；持有；(尤作复数)财产；所有物(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配) 2 possession 16 (1)He possesses much money，but unfortunately he is never possessed __ good health. (2)You can’t legally take (possess) of the property until the contract is signed. (3)The company is in possession of my uncle，who will cooperate with another firm to strengthen its further development. of possession the (4)(读后续写之升华句)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but ________ . 写作佳句 enjoying what we possess/are in possession of/take possession of • beyond recognition认不出来；面目全非 • recogniz(s)e sb/sth as/to be...认为……是…… It is recogniz(s)ed that...人们公认…… n.承认，认可[recognise/recognize vt.认识；认出；分辨出；(正式)承认；认识到；明白 recognisable/recognizable adj.易于识别的，容易认出的] recognition 3 (1)It is anticipated that our city will change beyond (recognise) in the next decade. (2)Online learning has been recognized (be) an important way to study recently. recognition to be (3)(应用文写作之人物介绍)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦被公认为20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。 ①Albert Einstein one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. ② Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. 写作佳句 is recogniz(s)ed as/to be It is recogniz(s)ed that in despair绝望地，失望地 fall into despair陷入绝望 be the despair of sb令某人绝望 n.绝望 despair 4 (1)When he heard he was sentenced to death，the prisoner cried ______ despair. in (2)残酷的现实令他绝望，他只能听天由命。 The cruel reality ，so he couldn’t help but resign himself to his fate. (3)独自一人在伦敦，既没有朋友，也没有工作，更没有钱，汤姆陷入了绝望。 Alone in London，without friends，work，or money，Tom ___ . was the despair of him 写作佳句 fell into despair get down to doing sth 开始着手做某事 get used to (doing) sth 习惯于做某事 get along (well/badly) with和……相处(得好/坏)；进展(得好/坏) get over克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get across (使)被理解；把……讲清楚 (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过(考试等)；用完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期) get through 5 (应用文写作之建议信)Learning that you have difficulty (1)________ your new school life，I am writing with the aim of offering you some tips.Firstly，why not (2) taking part in some interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interest? In addition，you can turn to the school adviser，who can enable you (3)____________ your hardships.Last but not least，if you communicate with your classmates sincerely，you will be capable of (4) your meaning .In brief，follow the above suggestions，and thus you will find it easy to (5) your classmates as soon as possible. getting used to get down to to get over/get through getting across get along well with • search sth/sb (for...) 搜查某物/搜身(寻找……) • in one’s search for某人寻找 in search of寻找 寻找 search for 6 (1)We are searching an experienced and qualified teaching assistant. →We are an experienced and qualified teaching assistant. for in search of (2)当简在寻找东西吃的时候，搜救队正在为了寻找她而搜山。 As Jane ，the rescue team . (3)成千上万的人为了寻找工作被迫从农村涌进城市。 Thousands of people were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas . 写作佳句 was searching for something to eat were searching the mountain for her in search of work burst out laughing/crying突然笑/哭起来 burst into laughter/tears突然笑/哭起来 burst into...突然爆发……；突然闯入…… burst in闯进；破门而入 突然……起来 burst out... 7 (1)Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst . (2)Hearing the news that he wasn’t admitted into a key university，he burst crying. →Hearing the news that he wasn’t admitted into a key university，he . in out burst into tears (3)(应用文写作之演讲稿)演讲一结束，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。 The audience as soon as the speech was over. burst into thunderous applause 写作佳句 • compose oneself使自己镇定下来 •其他表示“由……组成”的短语：be made up of，consist of，be comprised of 由……组成[compose v.组成；作曲；创作(音乐)；使镇静 composer n.作曲家 composition n.成分；作品；作曲] be composed of 8 (1)The classical music ， by a master，is ________ of three parts.(compose) composition composed composed (2)面对这种进退两难的局面，他起初感到烦恼和焦虑，但很快就镇定下来了。 Faced with the dilemma，he was firstly vexed and anxious，___ . (3)作为我的秘书，你的职责包括整理文件和接听电话。 As my secretary，your duty ______________________________ sorting out the papers and answering the calls. but 写作佳句 soon composed himself 返 回 is composed of/is made up of/is comprised of/consists of 热点微练 高考 33 1.The children are very quiet.I wonder what they’re up to. 2.John was dismissed because he wasn’t up to his job as a detective. 3.You should make up your mind.It is up to you how to achieve your ambition. 4.Our school can display up to 1,000 students’ paintings at a time in the school hall. Ⅰ.一词多义 A.忙于　B.胜任　C.达到；至多有　D.由……决定 ____ ____ ____ ____ A B D C 5.She put out a hand and stroked the cat softly. 6.He finished the painting with a few strokes of the brush. 7.People who are overweight run a risk of a heart attack or stroke. 8.She took a few more strokes to reach the bank. A.v.轻抚，抚摸　B.n.中风　C.n.一挥，笔画　D.n.划桨动作 ____ ____ ____ ____ A C B D 1.We eagerly anticipated the day when we would get reunited. 2.What upset her was that she gained only a little recognition for her work. 3.He thought he could fool people with transparent tricks. Ⅱ.熟词生义 ___________ _____ ___________ 期望，盼望 返 回 赞誉 显而易见的 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．widespread adj.广泛流传的 2．phrase n．成语，习语；警句 3．fee n．工作酬金，服务费 4．cram v．挤满 5．absurd adj.荒唐的，愚蠢的 6．lean v．倚，靠 7．despair n．绝望 8．be reunited with (使)重聚 9．university fees大学学费 10．result in 导致，造成 11．be/get distracted by被……分心 12．burst out...突然……起来 13．up to由……决定；多达；直到(某个时刻或日期)；胜任；正在做，忙于 14．be composed of 由……组成 15．get through (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过；用完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期) 16．lose touch with 与……失去联系 17．search for 寻找 18．far from远非；绝不 19．every time每次 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．weaken v．(使)虚弱；削弱→weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n．弱点；虚弱 2．pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的→pessimistically adv.悲观地→pessimism n．悲观；悲观情绪；悲观主义→pessimist n．悲观主义者 3．anticipate v．预期，预料→anticipation n．预期，预料；期待 4．possession n．财物，财产→possess vt.拥有；具有；支配 5．abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的→normal adj.正常的→normally adv.正常地，通常 6．recognition n．认出；认可；承认→recognise/recognize vt.辨认出；承认；意识到 7．cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperation n．合作；协作→cooperative adj.合作的 8．pure adj.纯的，纯净的，洁净的→purely adv.仅仅；完全→purify v．净化；使纯净→purity n．纯洁 9．instinctively adv.本能地→instinctive adj.本能的；天生的→instinct n．本能；直觉 10．luxury n．奢华，奢侈→luxurious adj.奢侈的；十分舒适的 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．The little boy ran towards his mother with arms outstretched.adj.张开的，伸开的 2．Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies in the same way that light passes through a window.adj.透明的 3．Thinking of others’ gossiping behind her back，she got vexed and upset.adj.恼火的 4．Madame Curie was a famous woman scientist in the world.n.夫人 5．Carla，curled up on the sofa，was stroking her cat.v.轻抚，抚摸 weaken v．(使)虚弱(weak adj.虚弱的weakness n．虚弱；弱点) •be weak in...在……方面弱；不善于…… •strengths and weaknesses优缺点 (1)In his boyhood，he was weak in mathematics，but good at English. (2)Once she has made up her mind to do something，nothing will weaken(weak) her determination. [写作佳句] (3)合格的教练应该很清楚地知道每个球员的长处和短处。 A qualified coach should well know the strengths and weaknesses of each player. possession n．拥有；持有；(尤作复数)财产；所有物(possess vt.拥有；具有；支配) •take possession of 占有；拥有 be in possession of拥有…… be in the possession of＝be in one’s possession(某物)被(某人)拥有 •be possessed of具有；拥有 (1)He possesses much money，but unfortunately he is never possessed of good health. (2)You can’t legally take possession(possess) of the property until the contract is signed. (3)The company is in the possession of my uncle，who will cooperate with another firm to strengthen its further development. [写作佳句] (4)(读后续写之升华句)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we possess/are in possession of/take possession of. recognition n．承认，认可[recognise/recognize vt.认识；认出；分辨出；(正式)承认；认识到；明白 recognisable/recognizable adj.易于识别的，容易认出的] •beyond recognition认不出来；面目全非 •recogniz(s)e sb/sth as/to be...认为……是…… It is recogniz(s)ed that...人们公认…… (1)It is anticipated that our city will change beyond recognition(recognise) in the next decade. (2)Online learning has been recognized to be(be) an important way to study recently. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之人物介绍)阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦被公认为20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。 ①Albert Einstein is recogniz(s)ed as/to be one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. ②It is recogniz(s)ed that Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century. despair n．绝望 in despair绝望地，失望地 fall into despair陷入绝望 be the despair of sb令某人绝望 (1)When he heard he was sentenced to death，the prisoner cried in despair. [写作佳句] (2)残酷的现实令他绝望，他只能听天由命。 The cruel reality was the despair of him，so he couldn’t help but resign himself to his fate. (3)独自一人在伦敦，既没有朋友，也没有工作，更没有钱，汤姆陷入了绝望。 Alone in London，without friends，work，or money，Tom fell into despair. get through (设法)处理；完成；打通(电话)；通过(考试等)；用完；耗尽；熬过(困难时期) get down to doing sth 开始着手做某事 get used to (doing) sth 习惯于做某事 get along (well/badly) with和……相处(得好/坏)；进展(得好/坏) get over克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get across (使)被理解；把……讲清楚 (应用文写作之建议信)Learning that you have difficulty (1)getting used to your new school life，I am writing with the aim of offering you some tips.Firstly，why not (2)get down to taking part in some interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interest? In addition，you can turn to the school adviser，who can enable you (3) to get over/get through your hardships.Last but not least，if you communicate with your classmates sincerely，you will be capable of (4)getting your meaning across.In brief，follow the above suggestions，and thus you will find it easy to (5)get along well with your classmates as soon as possible. search for 寻找 •search sth/sb (for...) 搜查某物/搜身(寻找……) •in one’s search for某人寻找 in search of寻找 (1)We are searching for an experienced and qualified teaching assistant. →We are in search of an experienced and qualified teaching assistant. [写作佳句] (2)当简在寻找东西吃的时候，搜救队正在为了寻找她而搜山。 As Jane was searching for something to eat，the rescue team were searching the mountain for her. (3)成千上万的人为了寻找工作被迫从农村涌进城市。 Thousands of people were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of work. burst out... 突然……起来 burst out laughing/crying突然笑/哭起来 burst into laughter/tears突然笑/哭起来 burst into...突然爆发……；突然闯入…… burst in闯进；破门而入 (1)Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in. (2)Hearing the news that he wasn’t admitted into a key university，he burst out crying. →Hearing the news that he wasn’t admitted into a key university，he burst into tears. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之演讲稿)演讲一结束，观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。 The audience burst into thunderous applause as soon as the speech was over. be composed of 由……组成[compose v．组成；作曲；创作(音乐)；使镇静 composer n．作曲家 composition n．成分；作品；作曲] •compose oneself使自己镇定下来 •其他表示“由……组成”的短语：be made up of，consist of，be comprised of (1)The classical music composition，composed by a master，is composed of three parts.(compose) [写作佳句] (2)面对这种进退两难的局面，他起初感到烦恼和焦虑，但很快就镇定下来了。 Faced with the dilemma，he was firstly vexed and anxious，but soon composed himself. (3)作为我的秘书，你的职责包括整理文件和接听电话。 As my secretary，your duty is composed of/is made up of/is comprised of/consists of sorting out the papers and answering the calls. 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．忙于　B．胜任　C．达到；至多有　D．由……决定 1．The children are very quiet.I wonder what they’re up to. A 2．John was dismissed because he wasn’t up to his job as a detective. B 3．You should make up your mind.It is up to you how to achieve your ambition. D 4．Our school can display up to 1,000 students’ paintings at a time in the school hall. C A．v.轻抚，抚摸　B．n.中风　C．n.一挥，笔画　D．n.划桨动作 5．She put out a hand and stroked the cat softly. A 6．He finished the painting with a few strokes of the brush. C 7．People who are overweight run a risk of a heart attack or stroke. B 8．She took a few more strokes to reach the bank. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．We eagerly anticipated the day when we would get reunited.期望，盼望 2．What upset her was that she gained only a little recognition for her work.赞誉 3．He thought he could fool people with transparent tricks.显而易见的 训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：70分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．Don’t worry about the grammar；just learn this as a set phrase. 2．The moment he caught sight of her，he ran towards her with arms outstretched(张开的)． 3．Jack can’t talk to me now，for his mouth is crammed(挤满) with food. 4．The book describes his spiritual journey from despair(绝望) to happiness. 5．We are surprised to find that the insect’s wings are almost transparent(透明的)． 6．It is ridiculously absurd(荒唐的) to predict that the sun would not rise tomorrow. 7．He has no alternative but to do a part-time job to earn money and cover his school fee. 8．There is widespread concern that more and more teenagers are addicted to mobile phones. 9．Jim leaned/leant against the door for a moment and then made up his mind to try his fortune. 10．The small town has changed beyond recognition with the rapid development of rural tourism. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．This is a charity which is run on a purely(pure) voluntary basis. 2．His abnormal(normal) behaviour indicated that he was telling a lie. 3.Weigh up the job and write down your strengths and weaknesses(weak)． 4．The new play is composed of four parts，each of which is very fascinating. 5．Facing the severe circumstance，I’m rather pessimistic about everything. 6．This is a luxurious(luxury) car equipped with air conditioning and telephone. 7．She has even decorated the spare room in anticipation(anticipate) of your visit. 8．After about ten years，he was reunited with his sister，whom he had had no news of. 9．Suddenly he began to laugh，leaning(lean) against the wall with a glass in his hand. 10．On behalf of our company，I’m here to sincerely show appreciation for your cooperation(cooperate)． Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Want to feel more satisfied with life? We picked out these 5 books that will promote your life in 2024. Finding Your Element by Ken Robinson Everyone has a passion.If you don’t know what yours is，it just means you haven’t discovered it yet.Or perhaps you have，but it was dismissed early in life.Find out how you can break daily routine and find your calling in life. Emotional Intelligence by Daniel Goleman Did you know if your pulse rate rises above 100 bpm，you’re likely too emotional to think calmly? You probably let feelings cloud your judgment more often than you know.Goleman explains how you can avoid letting your emotions rule you and make better decisions in life. How Will You Measure Your Life? by Clayton M．Christensen，James Allworth and Karen Dillon Are you making the right balance in life? While career achievements can be satisfying，neglecting your family and friends can be harmful in the long run—in ways you can’t even imagine. How to Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale Carnegie Ever wondered why you can’t stop worrying about something? No matter how hard you try，are you focused on the same issue? By defining the source of your stress，you can get over it once and for all.Carnegie came up with a timeless formula(公式) that helps you tackle any overthinking situation. Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do by Amy Morin Do you spare no effort to get over your failures? Or concentrate on things out of your control? Getting over these obstacles can have a significant influence on your everyday life.Morin shares how her most successful therapy patients overcame these difficulties. 1．In which aspect do all the five books benefit their readers? A．Offering them medical treatments. B．Teaching them how to survive longer. C．Giving them appropriate life guidance. D．Helping them solve any life challenge. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，这五本书对读者有益的方面是给他们恰当的生活指导。故选C。 2．When are you most likely to make a wise decision? A．When you ignore your friends. B．When you control your emotion. C．When you break daily routine. D．When you overthink the same issue. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，当一个人太情绪化的时候，可能会无法冷静思考，被情绪影响判断。由此可推知，人在能控制自己的情绪的时候，是最有可能做出明智决定的。故选B。 3．Which book is most helpful for people struggling against failures? A．Finding Your Element. B．How Will You Measure Your Life? C．How to Stop Worrying and Start Living. D．Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，对正在与失败作斗争的人最有帮助的书是Thirteen Things Mentally Strong People Don’t Do。故选D。 B I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World.It was full of ideas that were new to me，so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学)． That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college.Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault，Baudrillard，or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them. Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express：In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy.It is not an explanation，but an invitation to think and experience philosophy. Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates，see like Thoreau，listen like Schopenhauer，and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This，more than a book about understanding philosophy，is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life. He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences，and he does so with plenty of humor.Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history，and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation. The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire，loneliness and aging.The invitation is clear：Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book.I encourage you to take his offer.It’s worth your time，even if time is something we don’t have a lot of. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后The Socrates Express这本书重新唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章重点介绍The Socrates Express，鼓励读者花时间去读这本书。 4．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author? A．Foucault. B．Eric Weiner. C．Jostein Gaarder. D．A college teacher. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三句可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。 5．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4? A．To compare Weiner with them. B．To give examples of great works. C．To praise their writing skills. D．To help readers understand Weiner’s book. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段前两句可知，作者在第四段开头介绍了The Socrates Express的写作特点，接着作者通过列举几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiner的书。故选D。 6．What does the author like about The Socrates Express? A．Its views on history are well-presented. B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life. C．It includes comments from readers. D．It leaves an open ending. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句和第五段首句可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。 7．What does the author think of Weiner’s book? A．Objective and plain. B．Daring and ambitious. C．Serious and hard to follow. D．Humorous and straightforward. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段第一句以及最后一段第一句可知，作者认为Weiner的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。 Ⅳ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Life as a student means that you have to face and handle different types of challenges.Many young people place high demands on themselves and their academic performance，which can lead to feeling stressed. 1 A study has shown that positive stress strengthens the immune system，enhances memory，and improves decision-making skills.In the short term，stress is an effective and positive reaction in the body. 2 For this reason，it’s important to find a balance between studying and resting. When stressed，it’s easy to opt out of physical activities to save on study time，but it’s precisely during stressful periods that it’s essential to take care of your body and move as much as possible.Try walking or cycling to school，or getting off the bus some distance from the school and walking the last bit. 3 Trying to catch up with more of your studies by sleeping less is not a good idea.The consequence is that you quickly lose in efficiency and energy，and then the studies take longer instead. 4 Sleep is needed for the body and brain to rest，recover and process new knowledge. 5 Since the brain is unable to maintain full focus for long periods，it’s good to take micro-breaks every hour，stand up and stretch for a few minutes.We often want to complete our assignments as soon as possible，perhaps with the idea of rewarding ourselves with rest later，but we need to turn this around. If，as a student，you begin to notice symptoms(症状) of stress，find ways to manage it. A．Stress is a natural reaction in the body. B．School plays an important role in a student’s life. C．As students，we need to get between 7－9 hours of sleep per night. D．Another thing that helps is moments of rest during the school day. E．But if it continues to exist for a long period，it can be directly harmful. F．Being physically active will significantly increase your stress resistance. G．Learning different techniques to relax can have a positive effect on your health. 1．答案　A 解析　下文“A study has shown that positive stress strengthens the immune system，enhances memory，and improves decision-making skills.”介绍了压力的积极作用，由此可知，空处应提到压力，选项A“压力是身体的自然反应”符合语境。故选A项。 2．答案　E 解析　上文“In the short term，stress is an effective and positive reaction in the body.”介绍从短期来看，压力有积极作用，选项E“但是如果它持续存在很长一段时间，它可能是直接有害的”承接上文，转折语义，说明压力也会有不良影响，引出下文“For this reason，it’s important to find a balance between studying and resting.”。故选E项。 3．答案　F 解析　上文说明体育活动有助于减轻压力，并给出具体锻炼方法，选项F“积极锻炼身体会显著提高你的抗压能力”承接上文，总结体育锻炼的作用。故选F项。 4．答案　C 解析　上文“Trying to catch up with more of your studies by sleeping less is not a good idea.”说明睡眠不足是不利的，选项C“作为学生，我们每晚需要睡7－9个小时”承接上文，具体说明学生每天需要睡眠的时间，同时引出下文对充足的睡眠的强调。故选C项。 5．答案　D 解析　下文“Since the brain is unable to maintain full focus for long periods，it’s good to take micro-breaks every hour，stand up and stretch for a few minutes.”建议每小时休息一下，选项D“另一件有帮助的事情是在上学期间休息片刻”概括本段主题。故选D项。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Su Shi，a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty，was 1. (high) thought of in poetry，prose and painting. At the age of 21，his fresh prose style earned him the 2. (recognize) of Ouyang Xiu.He 3. (say) that Su Shi’s writings were outstanding.This made Su Shi instantly famous.However,4. his political dream was realized，he had to leave his position and return home. His dreams cut short，Su Shi turned his focus toward nature.In the spring of 1082，he took an outing with his friends.When 5. sudden shower of rain made his companions rush for shelter(遮蔽物)，Su Shi burst into laughter as if completely unaware of the rain. Along both sides of the path were growing trees,6. leaves made soft sounds as the rain-drops fell.With wet clothes，he walked along while 7. (sing) a happy song.Then it hit him: “I shall go through this life in a 8. (peace) mind，if only wearing a straw rain cape(蓑衣)．” Su Shi’s optimistic and open-minded attitude 9. life ensured his advancement despite political ups and downs.Expressed in his poetry and essays，which have been passed down through generations，such an attitude has truly inspired us 10. (keep) a broad mind and persist in our struggle against all difficulties. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宋代著名文人苏轼——他的文学成就和对待生活的态度等。 1．答案　highly 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处应该填入副词形式作状语，修饰谓语be thought of。故填highly。 2．答案　recognition 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空格处应该填入名词形式作动词earn的宾语。故填recognition。 3．答案　said 解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空格处是作主句的谓语，根据语境以及后面从句的时态是一般过去时可知，主句也应该用一般过去时。故填said。 4．答案　before 解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，空格处引导状语从句；根据主句内容以及后文“His dreams cut short”可知，这里指的是在他的政治梦想实现之前，他不得不离职返乡。故填before。 5．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词shower可知，空格处表泛指，应填入不定冠词，因为空格后的sudden发音以辅音音素开头，所以应该用不定冠词a。 6．答案　whose 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句主语leaves与先行词trees有所属关系，所以空格处作定语，修饰leaves。故填whose。 7．答案　singing 解析　考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知，while后面本应该是一个完整的状语从句(while he was singing a happy song)，该状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。故填singing。 8．答案　peaceful 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词形式作定语，修饰后面的mind。故填peaceful。 9．答案　to/towards 解析　考查介词。此处是固定搭配attitude to/towards(对……的态度)。故填to或towards。 10．答案　to keep 解析　考查非谓语动词。inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事。故填to keep。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$