Un1 Festivals and Celebrations（知识清单）-【百汇大课堂·高中学习测试卷】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Section 1 Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking [基础知识必备 1. congratulationn.祝贺;恭喜 · congratulationsonsth.对某事的祝贺 ·congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺 congratulates.onsth.因某事祝贺某人 We're glad to get together to offer our congratulations on your success in the competition. 我们很高兴能聚在一起祝贺你在比赛中获胜。 2.rangen.一系列;范围、界限vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化 ·awiderangeof 大范围的;各种各样的 beyond/out of one's range/the range of sb.超出某人的范围 within in the range of 在......范围之内 · range from.. to...包括从......到......之间;从.....到......之间变化 range between... and..从.....到.....之间变化 ①With the stadium set up,a wide range of sporting events can be held here. 随着体育场的建成,各类体育赛事都可以在此举行。 ②There were 120 students whose ages ranged from 10 to 18. 有120名学生,年龄在10至18岁之间。 3. figuren.人物;数字;身材vt.认为;认定 ·akey/leading figure一个关键/主要人物 have a good figure身材好 keepone's figure保持身材 ·figure(that)...认为;以为...... figureout弄懂;弄明白;算出 ①Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure. 只有通过均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼,你才能保持身材。 ②It was pouring,so I figured you couldn't come to my party. 外面下着倾贫大雨,所以我想你不能来参加我的聚会了。 4.gratefuladj.感激的;表示感谢的 ·be grateful(to sb.) for sth.因某事感激(某人) begratefulto dosth.因为做某事而感激 .gratefullyadv.感激地 .gratituden.感激(之情) I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help. 我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。 5. featurevt.以......为特色n.特色;特征;特点 · feature insth.在.....中起主要作用 ·amainkey significant feature一个主要/重要/显著特征 The festival features hundreds of ice sculptures and snow statues. attracting tourists from across the country. 该节日以数以百计的冰雕和雪雕为特色,吸引了来自全国各地的游客。 6. decoratevt.装饰:装漾 ·decoratesth.with...用......来装饰美化某物 ·decorationn. [U]装饰 [C]装饰物;装饰品 He decorated his room with pictures of his favourite sports figures. 他用他最喜爱的运动员的照片装饰了自己的房间。 7.significantadi.有重大意义的:重要的;显著的 · be(very) significant (to sb./for sth.)-be of (great) significance (to sb./forsth.)(对某人/某物来说)很重要 play a significant role/part in...在......中起重要作用 ·significancen.[C,U]重要性;意义;含义 attachsignificance to...重视.....;认为......重要 ·significantlyadv.有重大意义地;显著地;明显地 Ocean plays a significant role in our world, which not only offers us sufficient food,but also maintains the balance of nature. 海洋在我们的世界中起重要作用,它不仅为我们提供充足的食物,还保持 着自然的平衡。 8.tvpicaladi.典型的;有代表性的;平常的 · It istypical ofsb.todosth.做某事是某人的一贯特点。 betypicalofsb./sth.是某人/某物的典型/独有的特征 ·typicallyadv.典型地;具有代表性地;通常;一般 It is typical of our English teacher to be very patient with us. 我们的英语老师一贯对我们非常有耐心。 9. inspite of 不管;尽管 · inspite of-despite不管;尽管 · although/though=in spite of the fact that 虽然;尽管 In spite of/Despite the fact that he had suffered a lot,he always kept positive. 尽管他受了很多苦,但他一直保持乐观。 10. advantagen.优势:长处 ·takeadvantageof利用;欺骗;占......的便宜 toone'sadvantage对某人有利 have an advantage over...比......有优势 ·disadvantagen.缺点;劣势 We can take advantage of the Internet to learn foreign languages. 我们可以利用网络来学习外语 11.reflecty,显示:反映:反射 ·reflecton思考;反省 be reflected in被反映在......上 ·reflectionn.反射;反映;沉思;倒影;影像 onreflection经过深思 You should take advantage of this chance to reflect on your work. 你应该利用这次机会反思你的工作 12. However,no matter how different they may seem,all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love,or peace is common in all festivals. 然而,无论节日多么迥异,在世界各地,分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精 神存在于所有节日之中。 ·“nomatter十特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句时,相当于“特殊疑问词 十-ever”。 ·whatever/whoeverwhichever既可以引导让步状语从句又可以引l导 名词性从句,nomatterwhat/who/which/when.where/how只能弓l 导让步状语从句。 ①However/ No matter how much we work out, however. no matter how well we eat, we can't be in top physical shape unless we get plenty of sleep 无论我们锻炼多少,无论我们吃得多好,如果没有充足的睡眠,我们就不 会有健康的身体。 ②Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 触犯法律的人都会受到惩罚。 13. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the publie to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. 购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们为至亲至爱花更多钱 购买礼物。 ·句型公式:it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语。 ·在接复合宾语(即“宾语士宾语补足语”)的动词(如think,make consider等)后,常用it作形式宾语,放在宾语的位置上,再接宾语补 足语,而把真正的宾语置于句尾。真正的宾语常由不定式(短语)、动 名词(短语)或宾语从句充当。 ①It was the culture,rather than the language,that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. 是文化使他难以适应国外的新环境,而不是语言。 ②He makes it a rule to do some manual labour every week though he is old. 尽管他老了,但他给自已定下了规矩:每周参加一些体力劳动。 Section2 Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking [基础知识必备] 1.pleasedadi.高兴的;满意的 ·be pleasedto dosth.高兴/乐于做某事 be pleasedat/about with对......满意 ·pleasingadi.使人愉快的;惬意的 · pleasuren.[U]快乐 [C]乐事 .4 ①The children were rather pleased to see the toys their parents bought for them. 孩子们看到父母为他们买的玩具很高兴 ②I'm very pleased at/about/with your success. 我对你的成功感到很高兴 2.g0off爆炸;走火;离开;(警报器)发出声响;(电灯)熄灭:停止运转;变质 goagainst sb.对某人不利;反对某人 goafter追逐;设法得到 goover重复;仔细检查 gothrough经历;检查;完成;通过 goout外出;熄灭 goup上涨,上升;被兴建 godown(指船)沉没;落下;下降 To be frank, he went off in such a great hurry that we were worried something terrible might have happened. 坦率地说,他如此匆匆地离开,我们担心糟糕的事情可能要发生了。 3. except for除......之外 ·exceptprep.除.....之外conj.除了;只是 except that...除了.....(that引导宾语从句) ·exceptionaladi,罕见的;不寻常的;杰出的 .exceptionn.例外 withtheexceptionof...除......之外;不包括......在内 withoutexception一律;无一例外 Except for her illnesses, she had a particularly happy childhood. 除了体弱多病外,她的童年特别幸福。 [同步语法精讲] 动词-ing形式作定语和表语 一、动词-ing形式作定语 动名词和现在分词都可以作定语,但有所区别。 1.动名词作定语表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途,相当于for引导的介词 短语。 ·5· He stood beside the swimming pool,preparing to dive in. -He stood beside the pool for swimming,preparing to dive in. 他站在游泳池旁,准备跳进去。 2.现在分词作定语时,它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系,表示所修饿 词进行的动作,相当于一个定语从句 The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother. -The boy that who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother. 在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟 3.现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别:现在分词表示正在进行 或习惯性的动作;过去分词表示被动或完成意义;不定式表示动作尚未 发生。 You should adapt to the changing situation. 你应该适应不断变化的形势 The ground is covered with fallen leaves. 地上满是落叶。 I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做 二、动词-ing形式作表语 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。 1.现在分词作表语往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。作表 语的现在分词,许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来 的。常见的有:moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring. boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等。这类分词有“令人 ....的”含义,常修饰物。 The argument is very convincing. 这个论点很令人信服。 He remained standing beside the table. 他依然站在桌旁。 温馨提示:不定式和动词-ed形式也可作表语,但不定式通常强调一次性 的、具体的、将要发生的动作,而动词-ed形式则表示被动、完成含义。 2.动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容,即 主语等同于表语,两者可互换。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. -Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job. 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持于净。 Section 3 Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress [基础知识必备] 1.representvt.象征;代表;相当于;反映;(向人)说明 ·representsb./sth.代表某人;描绘/表现某物 represent sb./sth.as/tobe...宣称某人为......;把某事叙述为..... ·representationn.表现;描述,描绘 ·representativen.代表adj.典型的,有代表性的 (1)They represented their concerns to the authorities. 他们向当局陈述了他们关心的问题。 (2)She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world. 她把她的妈妈说成是世界上最宽容的母亲。 2.setoff出发;动身;启程:使(炸弹等)爆炸:拉响(警报等);引发;触发;激起 setaside留出,省出(钱或时间);把......放到一旁 setdown写下;记下 setup建立,创立(公司、机构等);安装 setout出发;阐明 set out(for)一setoff(for)出发(前往);动身(前往) set out to do sth. -set about doing sth.开始做某事 set sail启航 set foot on/upon踏上 asetof一套;一组 ①The children were setting off the fireworks at that time. 当时孩子们正在放烟花 ②She sets aside some money every month for future use. 她每个月存点钱以备将来使用。 3.fancyadj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的vt.喜欢;想要;倾慕;自认为是n.喜 爱;想要 ·fancydoingsth.想要做某事;喜欢做某事 fancy sb. as/tobe...想象某人是...... fancy oneself as...自认为是....;自命为..... ·have afancy for热衷于某事物 ①The book was put in a fancy plastic case. 这本书装在一个别致的塑料盒子里。 ②I don't fancy going out in this cold weather. 我不想在这么冷的天出门。 ③I can't fancy him as/to be an English teacher. 我无法想象他当英语老师是什么样子。 ④ Jack has a fancy for travelling and he has visited many places of interest. 杰克热衷于旅行,他游览过很多名胜古迹。 4. respectn.&vt.尊敬,敬重 ·respect sb./sth.(forsth.)(因某事而)尊重某人/某物 ·have/showrespect for sb./sth.尊重/敬重某人/某物 treat sb.with respect 尊敬某人 out of respect(for...)出于(对.....的)敬意 with respect to关于.....;就....而言 ①You should respect the views of others, and at the same time insist on what you think is right. 你应该尊重别人的观点,同时也要坚持你认为正确的想法。 ②The man put out his cigarette to show his respect for the lady. 那个男人熄灭了香烟以表示他对该女士的尊重。 5. Naadam means "games" in Mongolian, and it is represented by three events: horse racing, wrestling, and archery,which are all so exciting to watch! “那达慕”在蒙古语中是“游戏”的意思,以赛马、摔政和射箭三个项目为代 表,每个都是激动人心的观赏项目! ·在“主语+be十adi.十todo”结构中,不定式所表示的动作与句子主语 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,但用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。此 结构中的形容词经常是表示性质的词,如nice,good,funny,exciting easy,difficult,heavy,dangerous,comfortable,delicious 等 ·在该句型中,当不定式中的动词是不及物动词时,其后通常加上相应的 介词。但当该句型的主语是time,place,way时,不及物动词后习惯省 略介词。 ①The dish is delicious to eat 这盘菜很好吃。 ② The works of Shakespeare are difficult to understand. 莎士比亚的作品很难理解。 ③The chair is hard to sit on. 这把椅子坐起来很硬 6. After singing some songs,the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles. 几首歌唱毕,选手们开始在草地上翩翩起舞,他们挥动着双臂,宛如雄鹰。 asif引导从句用法 表语从句 接在look,seem动词之后 类型 状语从句 接在常见的实义动词之后 从句 陈述语气 所述的事是真实的或极有可能发生的 语气 虚拟语气 所述的事不真实或有极小可能发生 与现在事实相反 过去时(be动词用were) 从句 与过去事实相反 过去完成时(haddone) 时态 与将来事实相反 过去将来时(would/could/mightdo) ①He talks as if he knew where she was. 他说话的样子,好像他知道她在哪里似的。 ②Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain. 看看天上的云彩!看起来要下雨。 [单元写作素材] 介绍节日 本单元写作任务是介绍节日,在应用文写作中常结合书信、投稿文章等 写作形式进行考查,需要考生具备一定的传统文化知识,并能够结合自身的 生活经历进行表达。在选用时态时需要注意:介绍节日通常用一般现在时 介绍自己与节日相关的经历时,常用过去时态。 一、亮点词汇 1. have a wide range of origins 有多种多样的由来 2. have different customs and unique charms 有不同的习俗和独特的魅力 3. people celebrate to show 人们庆祝来展示...... 4. play a significant role in 在.....当中起重要作用 5. set off fireworks 放烟花 6. exchange gifts 交换礼物 7. allow sb. to relax and enjoy life 让某人放松和享受生活 8. show respect to seniors 向老年人表示敬意 9. visit relatives and friends 走亲访友 10. in memory of ancestors or famous figures 纪念祖先或著名人物 11. admire the shinning moon 赏明月 12. enjoy delicious moon cakes 品尝美味月饼 13. enjoy delicious dishes 品尝美味佳肴 14. have a family reunion dinner 吃团圆饭 二、高级句式 1. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar calendar. 中秋节在农历八月十五日。 2. At midnight,they set off firecrackers to welcome the new year. 在午夜,他们放鞭炮来迎接新年。 3. Festivals make us reunite,making all in high spirits. 节日让我们团聚在一起,使大家兴高采烈。 4. The Dragon Boat Festival,also called the Duanwu Festival,is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. 龙舟节,也叫端午节,在农历五月初五庆祝 5. Chinese Spring Festival has a long history,which is about 4,00o )years old. 中国的春节历史悠久,有大约4000年的历史。 ·10·