Unit1-unit4语法复习课件2024-2025学年沪教牛津版八年级英语下册

u1 动词不定式 choose hope offer want decide learn plan wish + to do sth 用法1：不定式作宾语 补充词： forget / need / try / like / agree / help / begin / start / ask / expect / promise等 } 例：I don't know what to do .(做什么) how to do it. (怎么做) (去哪里) (何时离开) (选择哪个) We can use question words + to + infinitives after decide, know, learn and remember. Do you know how to help disabled children? Things to remember 疑问词+to do sth Where to go When to leave Which one to choose Annie taught Tim to sing beautiful songs. We want them to be happy. 用法2：不定式作宾语补足语 v + 宾语 +to do sth 常见词： tell / ask / want / allow / wish / invite / encourage等 + 宾语+to do sth 有些动词后用不带to的不定式, 例如 let 和make. Mum made me go to bed early. I will let him go with us. Things to remember “使，让”——let， make， have “看”——watch, see “听”——hear, listen to “感”——feel +宾语+do sth } Cindy used a brush to paints a picture of a park. They went to the hospital to help the sick children. 用法3：不定式作目的状语 v +to do sth 翻译为“为了” 动词不定式作主语 用法4 动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 当不定式较长，用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。 To learn English is important. To walk to school takes me 20 minutes. To do sth is... = It is adj. to do sth. u2 动名词 Gerunds 动名词 一、定义： 动名词是非谓语动词的一种，即在动词后加上-ing。 动名词相当于名词，表示动作或者活动。 基本形式: 动词+ing 否定形式: not doing 二、动名词的构成 1. 直接加ing 2. 以元辅结尾：双写末尾辅音，加ing 3. 以不发音的e结尾：去e, 加-ing 4. 以ie结尾：去e为y, 加-ing hold-holding begin-beginninging dance-dancing lie-lying，die-dying 动名词通常不可数，前面无a/an. 动名词可以有自己的宾语。 例句：Debbie loves reading poems. 1. 动名词做主语 Smiling shows that you are happy. Ballet training usually starts at an early age. Dancing is her favourite hobby. 动名词做主语，谓语动词为单数。 三、 2. 动名词作宾语 例句. Debbie enjoys smiling and always looks friendly. enjoy imagine practise finish mind（介意） 补充词：give up, keep, miss, like/love 注：介词后+ing. Debbie is good at communicating with people. I am looking forward to going to Beijing. Things to remember 补充： look forward to doing instead of doing succeed in doing have fun (in) doing feel like doing想要做 be busy (in) doing忙于做 spend..(in) doing have difficulty (in) doing be interested (in) doing think of doing考虑做 u3 被动语态（一） Presentation 2. 被动语态：主语被怎么了...（“被”字句） The door was opened (by me). 1. 主动语态：主语怎么了...（“把”字句） 动词语态 I opened the door. 被动语态基本结构：be + done. 被动语态的变化口诀 主变宾，宾变主， 谓变be done时不变， 数格必须随着变。 S+am/is/are (not)+done. S+was/were (not)+done. S+will be (not)+done. S+am/is/are going to be(not)+done. 一般现在时的被动语态： 一般过去时的被动语态： 一般将来时的被动语态： 强调主语“被谁”怎么了，在句末+by某人 被动语态 知识点复习 u4 被动语态（二） 一、含有情态动词的被动语态 U4语法 (not)+be done S+ 含有情态动词的被动语态 (肯定句和否定句) 应该被... 可以被... 必须被... 可以/可能被... 可以被... 含有情态动词的被动语态 (疑问句) 情态动词+S+be done? Yes,S+情./No,S+情+not. 特殊疑问词+情态动词+S+be+done？ 含有must的特殊情况 Must+S+be done? Yes, S+must. No, S+need’t. No, S+don’t/doesn’t have to. 主要情态动词：can, may, must, should, could, would U4语法 二、现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的标志词：already, yet, ever, never, since+时间, for+时间段, just, so far, several times 现在完成时被动语态-句型结构 S+have/has been done. Have/Has+S+been done? Yes,S+have/has. No,S+have/has+not. 特殊疑问词+have/has+S+been+done？ $$