内容正文:
练案[22] Unit 6 Space and beyond
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Listen,please. You (may not / might not ) may
not speak during this exam.
2. They (cant / may not) cant still be out!
3. You (couldnt / might not) couldnt smoke on
the bus.
4. With luck,tomorrow (can / could) could be a
cooler day.
5. You (can / might) might be right but Im
going back to check the times.
6. Youve been working all day. You (could / must)
must be very tired.
7. I wonder who it is. It (cant / mustnt) cant
be Lisa. Shes still in the library now.
8. My fathers birthday is coming. What (shall / may)
shall I give him?
9. Its a long time since we met last time. You
(might / should) should see us more often.
10. Why dont you try on this dress?It (will / can)
will look nice on you.
Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词填空
1. Can you help me?I can never understand
this.
2. Could / Can you tell me what time it is,
please?
3. Henry could walk when he was one year old.
4. We are going for a walk. Would you like to
join us?
5. Tom,you mustnt leave your clothes on the
floor like this.
6. The road is wet. It must have rained last
night.
7. He has waited outside for half an hour. Shall
he come in?
8. These flowers have died. You should have
watered them.
9. Will she be ten years old next month?
10. I may have hurt your feelings,but it was not
my intention.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.这个公园是如此之美,每天吸引着许多游客。
So beautiful is the park that it attracts many
visitors every day.
2.我学习意大利语以便能读懂但丁的原著。
I studied Italian so that I would be able to
read Dante in the original.
3.他对此事做了彻底的调查,怪不得他了解得那
么多。
He had made a thorough investigation. No
wonder he knew so much about it.
4.从我家走到学校需要20分钟。
It takes me twenty minutes to walk from my
home to the school.
5.经过多年的努力,他长大后成了科学家。
After many years of hard work,he grew up to
become a scientist.
6.祝你在新的一年里好运连连!
May you be lucky in the following year!
7.他为什么偏偏中午弹钢琴呢?
Why must he play the piano at noon?
8.如果弗雷德直到5点钟才走的话,他现在一定
还没到家。
If Fred didnt leave till five oclock,he cant arrive
home
now.
Ⅳ.语法填空
The first creature to orbit our planet was just three years old,saved from the streets of Moscow only more
than a week 1. her historic travel. Her name was Laika. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space
exploration at the time 2. scientists didnt know if spaceflight was deadly for living creatures.
Man is a born explorer. Since before the dawn of civilization,weve been trying 3. (go)over
the horizon to find food or more space,or just to see whats beyond those trees or mountains or oceans. Our
4. (able) to explore has reached new heights in the last hundred years. Airplanes could
—312—
5. (simple)our travel,shorten distances and show us Earth from a new angle. By the middle of
the last century,we aimed even 6. (high).
Laika 7. (follow)into orbit three years later by the first human,Soviet cosmonaut Yuri
Gagarin. It was our first step into space. Then we turned our sights to the moon and the solar system. Manned
space stations began shining brightly in the sky.
Space travel is 8. like that in the movies. Getting from planet to planet (or moon)across the
solar system requires complex calculations 9. (involve) inertia and gravity—literally,rocket
science. Space is also 10. (safe). More than 20 astronauts have died,doing their job. However,that
hasnt stopped people from signing up and going into space.
Ⅴ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)
In April last year,I saw a post on the PNP
(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in
Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they
were on a very tight 1. B . They could not
afford to pay for 2. D for their dog,Tiffy,and
3. A wanted to take her with them.
It just 4. C that I was planning another
PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,who 5. B
to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I
was to do was fly to Topeka to 6. D Tiffy.
When I met Tiffys owners,they seemed
very 7. B . George,the husband,was trying to
be calm,but I could tell this was 8. A for him,
having to leave his dog to a 9. C and trust that
everything would 10. B .
After some goodbyes,I asked George and his
wife to help me 11. D Tiffy into the plane. I
promised to take care of Tiffy and 12. A them
as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was 13. D ,and Tiffy was a
great passenger. The next day,she 14. C
with Karen and made it back to George in
Virginia within a few days. He was so 15. A
and sent me a nice email with pictures. It felt
great to know that I had helped bring this family
together again.
1. A. turn B. budget
C. schedule D. connection
2. A. food B. shelter
C. medicine D. transportation
3. A. desperately B. temporarily
C. secretly D. originally
4. A. appeared B. proved
C. happened D. showed
5. A. waited B. offered
C. hurried D. failed
6. A. see off B. look for
C. hand over D. pick up
7. A. confused B. nervous
C. annoyed D. curious
8. A. hard B. fine
C. common D. lucky
9. A. coworker B. passenger
C. stranger D. neighbor
10. A. speed up B. work out
C. come back D. take off
11. A. feed B. follow
C. change D. load
12. A. call B. join
C. leave D. serve
13. A. unnecessary B. unexpected
C. unavoidable D. uneventful
14. A. returned B. fought
C. flew D. agreed
15. A. thankful B. generous
C. proud D. sympathetic
—412—
正确。
8. D 标题归纳题。文章的第一句是主题句,根据主题句
可知,文章主要介绍了嫦娥四号成功降落在月球背面
这个事件,由此可知D项可概括全文的内容。
Ⅱ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了骑
自行车的益处。
1. F 根据上文“当我搬到一个新城市时,我做的第一件
事就是租一辆自行车。为什么?”,再根据空格下句“你
旅行的速度比步行快得多,你会注意到这比你在公共
汽车或一辆汽车里会注意到更多周围的环境”可知,骑
自行车看城市是安顿下来以后了解你周围环境的理想
方法。故答案为F项。
2. E 根据上文“骑自行车上班要花我步行一半的时间”
可知此空也应该是在说骑自行车的好处,E项“Riding a
bike also means youre not restricted by bus timetables.(骑
自行车也意味着你不受公交时刻表的限制。)”可与之
相匹配。also对做出正确判断起着很大的作用。
3. C 根据下文“尽管汽车污染环境,但是自行车是碳中
性的”可知,重要的是,骑车也有助于减少你的碳足迹。
4. A 根据下文“一定要戴上头盔,注意其他的交通,不要
忘记晚上(打开自行车)的灯光”可知,骑自行车时要
小心。
5. D 根据上句“有些城市比其他城市更适合骑自行车”,
再根据空格下句“幸运的是,我现在住的地方很容易骑
自行车,因为有很多自行车道,没有太多的山!”可知,
有时城市道路对骑自行车的人来说是困难的或者不愉
快的。下文的Luckily,起着上下文连接的作用。
练案[22]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ. 1. may not 2. cant 3. couldnt 4. could 5. might
6. must 7. cant 8. shall 9. should 10. will
Ⅱ. 1. can 2. Could / Can 3. could 4. Would 5. mustnt
6. must 7. Shall 8. should 9. Will 10. may
Ⅲ. 1. So beautiful is 2. so that 3. No wonder 4. It takes
me 5. to become 6. May;be lucky 7. must he play the
piano 8. cant arrive home
Ⅳ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。简要介绍了人
类的太空探索历史。
1. before 考查介词。此处表示“在进行历史性的太空之
旅的一周多前,她才被人从莫斯科的大街上解救”,因
此用before表示“在……之前”。
2. when 考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰前面
的先行词the time,空格处在从句中作时间状语,故用
when引导该定语从句。
3. to go 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth.试图/努力做
某事。
4. ability 考查名词。根据空前的Our和空后的to explore
以及谓语has reached可知,空格处要填名词作主语。
故填ability。
5. simplify 考查动词。空前是情态动词,空后是名词our
travel,因此本空应填动词原形。simplify“简化,使简
易”。
6. higher 考查比较级。前面提到“. . . has reached new
heights in the last hundred years.”,此处提到“到上世纪
中期,我们以更高的高度为目标”,因此空格处应该用
high的比较级higher。空前的even也是暗示。
7. was followed 考查动词的时态和语态。此处描述了一
个过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时;且根据语境可
知,此处应该用被动语态。故填was followed。
8. nothing / not 考查否定词。此处表示太空旅行不像电
影里的那样,它需要复杂的计算。nothing like“完全不
像”,此处也可以用not表示否定意义。
9. involving 考查非谓语动词。空格处是非谓语动词作
后置定语,修饰calculations,被修饰词与involve(包含)
之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。
10. unsafe 考查词形转换。根据后一句“More than 20
astronauts have died,doing their job.”可知,此处表示太
空旅行也很危险,即太空旅行不安全,故此处应该用
safe的反义词unsafe。
Ⅴ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作
者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗
接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成
了这次任务,最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。
1. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们不得不搬到弗吉尼
亚,但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点;B. budget
预算;C. schedule时间表;D. connection联系。根据下文
“They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog,
Tiffy”可知,这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
2. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们付不起他们的狗
Tiffy的交通费,又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物;B.
shelter庇护;C. medicine药;D. transportation交通。根据
上文“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very
tight 1 .”及下文可知,这个家庭的预算非常紧
张,所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。
3. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:他们付不起他们的狗
Tiffy的交通费,又非常想带她一起走。A. desperately非
常,拼命地;B. temporarily暂时地;C. secretly秘密地;D.
originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them”可
知,这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。
4. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员
Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现;B. proved
证明;C. happened碰巧;D. showed展示。根据“I was
planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen”可
知,碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP
飞行。故选C。
5. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:碰巧我和另一名飞行员
Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行,他主动提出要把Tiffy
从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待;B. offered提
供,主动提出;C. hurried匆忙;D. failed失败。根据“to
take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”可知,Karen主动
提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故
选B。
6. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:我要做的就是飞到托皮
卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行;B. look for寻找;C.
hand over移交;D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do
was fly to Topeka”和常识可知,作者需要飞到托皮卡去
接Tiffy。故选D。
7. B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我见到Tiffy的主人
时,他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的;B. nervous
紧张的;C. annoyed恼怒的;D. curious好奇的。根据下
文“George,the husband,was trying to be calm,but I
could tell this was 8 for him,having to leave his
dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 .”
可知,这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。
8. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:丈夫George试着冷静
下来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗
留给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会解决的。A. hard困
难的;B. fine好的;C. common常见的;D. lucky幸运的。
根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to
leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would
10 ”可推知,此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人
来说很难。故选A。
9. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:丈夫George试着冷静下
来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗留
给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会解决的。A. coworker合
作者;B. passenger乘客;C. stranger陌生人;D. neighbor
邻居。根据“George,the husband,was trying to be calm
,
—052—
but I could tell this was 8 for him”可知,要把狗留
给一个陌生人。故选C。
10. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:丈夫George试着冷静
下来,但我看得出来,这对他来说很难,他不得不把狗
留给一个陌生人,并相信一切都会解决的。A. speed
up加速;B. work out解决;C. come back回来;D. take off
起飞。根据“George,the husband,was trying to be
calm,but I could tell this was 8 for him”可知,让
狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好,对
他来说很难。故选B。
11. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:道别之后,我让George
和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养;B.
follow跟随;C. change改变;D. load装载。load into装
入。根据“Tiffy into the plane”可知,作者让George和
他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。
12. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我答应会照顾好Tiffy,
一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话;B. join
加入;C. leave离开;D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we
got to Kansas City”可知,作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给
他们打电话。故选A。
13. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这次飞行平安无事,
Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的;B.
unexpected意想不到的;C. unavoidable不可避免的;D.
uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great
passenger”可知,这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。
14. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天,她和Karen一
起坐飞机,几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那
里。A. returned 返回;B. fought 打仗;C. flew飞;D.
agreed同意。根据上文“It just 4 that I was
planning another PNP flight with another pilot,Karen,
who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”
可知,Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。
15. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他非常感激,给我发
了一封很漂亮的电子邮件,并附上了照片。A. thankful
感激的;B. generous 慷慨的;C. proud 骄傲的;D.
sympathetic同情的。通读全文,再根据“and sent me a
nice email with pictures”可推知,此处指对于作者的帮
忙,George非常感激。故选A。
练案[23]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ. 1. muscles 2. invisible 3. straightforward
4. selfdiscipline 5. fetch 6. sneeze
Ⅱ. 1. telescopes 2. angled 3. galaxies 4. cosmic
5. conceivably 6. subatomic 7. particles 8. invisibly
9. fetch 10. sneezing
Ⅲ. 1. in reality 2. enable;to 3. allow;to 4. is close to
5. work out 6. look back to 7. at the age of 8. is engaged
in 9. are invisible to 10. is composed of
Ⅳ. 1. Not knowing 2. many of whom 3. As is known 4. It
is believed that 5. made the greatest impression on
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ. A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国、
俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,“嫦娥四号”
将在2018年底降落在月球的Aitken Basin地区。据此
可知,中国的下一步太空计划是“嫦娥四号”登月,故C
项正确。
2. B 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知,由于俄罗斯
没能给印度提供着陆器,因此印度决定自己实施登月
计划。故B项正确。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,当前俄罗斯
正启动一项工程,其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极,
寻找矿物质和水冰等资源以供人类前哨站使用。故A
项正确。
4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知,如果一切
顺利,美国将于2023年发送载人太空舱登月。据此可
知,美国将在未来实施载人登月计划。故C项正确。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。NASA“新视野号”
探测器飞掠冥王星,使人类第一次看到了冥王星的清晰
照片。
5. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The International
Astronomical Union regarded Pluto as ‘a dwarf planet’in
2006 in a decision that remains controversial today,”可知,
A项正确。
6. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的最后两句可知,“新
视野号”探测器从冥王星附近飞过,这是第一次完成对
太阳系的探测考察,它给了我们一个关于人类应如何
融入宇宙的新想法。由此可推知,人们可能会寻找新
的方法以融入宇宙。故选D。
7. D 标题归纳题。NASA“新视野号”探测器飞掠冥王
星,这是历史上第一次近距离地观察冥王星,是人类历
史上的突破。故“近距离地接触冥王星”作标题最佳。
故选D。
Ⅱ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述
了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中,Melanie Bailey背
着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检
查的善行义举。
1. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:Melanie Bailey本应该更
早完成比赛。A. designed设计;B. followed跟随;C.
changed改变;D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried
her all the way to the finish line,then another 300 feet to
where Lenoue could get 8 attention”可知,Bailey在
比赛中背一名参赛者,所以完成比赛晚了,因此句子表
示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
2. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的延迟是因为她背着
一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. delay延误;B. chance机会;
C. trouble麻烦;D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie
Bailey should have 1 the course earlier than she
did”和上一题的解析可知,Melanie Bailey本应该更早完
成比赛,她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点
线。故选A。
3. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的延迟是因为她背着
一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判;B. volunteer志
愿者;C. classmate同学;D. competitor参赛者。根据第
一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a crosscountry
race”可知,她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
4. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:据当地一家报纸报道,
当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候,她前面的一名
选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛;B. school学校;C.
town城镇;D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of
runners competed in a crosscountry race”可知,此处是说
“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
5. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:她停下来帮助她的同伴
Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意;B. returned回来;C.
stopped停止;D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her
fellow runner”可知,她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle
Lenoue。故选C。
6. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Bailey扶着她的胳膊,看
看她能否在她的帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气;B. aid
帮助;C. patience 耐心;D. advice 建议。根据上文
“Bailey took her arm”可知,此处表示看她是否能在她的
帮助下向前走。故选B。
7. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:然后Bailey弯下腰,让
Lenoue爬到她的背上,一路背着她走到终点线,然后又
走了300英尺,到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went
away离开;B. stood up站起来;C. stepped aside让路;D.
bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her
back”可知,Bailey弯下腰,让勒诺爬到她的背上。故
选D
。
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