内容正文:
练案[14] Unit 4 Everyday economics
Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,
for example,formed the core collection of the
British Museum which / that opened in 1759.
2. Please tell me anything that you know about
the author of the book.
3. The best part of the process is that theres enough
room for improvement, which means youll
just keep getting better and better.
4. Wind power is an ancient source of energy to
which we may return in the near future.
5. Because the moons body blocks direct radio
communication with a probe,China first had to put
a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot
where it could send signals to the spacecraft and
to Earth.
6. I went to a restaurant whose boss is my old
friend.
7. The community is home to nearly 1,000 people,
many of whom left their village homes for a
better life in the city.
8. I made a table,the surface of which is quite
smooth.
9. They went to London, where they lived for six
months.
10. As is often the case with children,Amy had
been better by the time the doctor arrived.
Ⅱ.用定语从句完成下面句子
1.一些大学生发起了一项运动,在这期间一整天
不用手机。
Some university students carried out a campaign
where they spent their whole day without cell
phones .
2.你能告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗?
Can you tell me the reason ?
3.我们生活在一个比以前任何时候都容易获得更
多信息的时代。
We live in an age when more information is
available with greater ease than ever before.
4.感谢你的来信,它真的让我很开心。
Thank you for your letter, which really made me
happy .
5.他用英语给我们讲了一个故事,我不能完全理
解它的意思。
He told us a story in English, the meaning of
which / whose meaning I couldnt understand
completely.
6.任何人都明白,计算机能做许多人所能做的事。
As anybody can see ,a computer can do many
things people can.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1. The house has been pulled down. He lived in the
house 10 years ago.
→The house where he lived 10 years ago has
been pulled down.
2. The school lies in the east of the town. He once
studied in the school.
→The school where he once studied lies in
the east of the town.
3. Do you remember the days?On those days we
played together.
→Do you remember the days when we played
together?
4. We went through a period. During that time
communications were very difficult in the rural
areas.
→ We went through a period when
communications were very difficult in the rural
areas.
5. After graduation he returned to the small town
which
he grew up in.
—291—
Ⅳ.语法填空
Few places are developing towards a cashless future as quickly as Sweden,which is now enjoying the
1. (convenient)of electronic payment. This year,only about 20% of all consumer payment in Sweden
2. (make)in cash,compared with an average of 75% in 3. rest of the world. And many
of the countrys banks no longer accept or offer cash.
Not everyone is 4. (joy). Some people say Swedens electronic payment might result in more
Internet crimes. Also,elderly people in Sweden who use cash may be 5. (easy)ignored. And young
people using apps to pay for everything or taking out loans via mobile phones risk 6. (fall)into
debt.
However,advocates like Mr. Tim refer to personal safety 7. a reason that countries should go
cashless. His sons apartment was broken into twice several years ago. “If this was a cashless society,the
thieves couldnt sell 8. they stole,”said Mr. Tim.
Certainly cash isnt dead. The Swedish central bank predicts itll decline fast 9. still be
working in 20 years. Anyway,for more and more consumers,cash is no longer 10. (they)habit.
Ⅴ.完形填空
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few years ago,I went to Hamburg to see my
colleague.
When I arrived,my colleague arranged a welcome party
for me in a 1. D . We noticed a few customers including
several old ladies,were having their meal. When a dish is
2. C ,the waiter would distribute the food for them,and
they would 3. C every bit of the food on their plates.
As I was hungry,my local colleague 4. B much food
for me. Since there were other things to do,we did not
5. D much time dining. When we planned to leave,there
was still about one third of 6. A food left. When we were
leaving the restaurant,we 7. B someone calling us. When
the old ladies spoke to us in English,we understood that
they were 8. A about us wasting so much food.
“We 9. B for our food;it is none of your 10. C
no matter how much food we left behind,”my colleague told
the old ladies. They got angry,and one of them immediately
made a call to someone. After a while,an officer in 11. C
arrived. Upon finding what had happened,he issued us a
50euro fine. The officer told us in a stern (严厉的)voice:
“Order what you can consume. Money is yours,12. D the
resources belong to the society. You have no 13. D for
wasting them.”Our face turned red.
We all agreed with him in our 14. C . My colleague
took out a 50euro note and repeatedly 15. D to the
officer.
My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to
each of us as a souvenir. We all keep it to remind us that we
should never be wasteful.
1. A. bank B. company
C. family D. restaurant
2. A. cooked B. gathered
C. served D. missed
3. A. desert B. refuse
C. finish D. oppose
4. A. kept B. ordered
C. sold D. made
5. A. save B. find
C. divide D. spend
6. A. unconsumed B. undeveloped
C. undiscovered D. undetermined
7. A. appointed B. heard
C. realized D. knew
8. A. unhappy B. curious
C. nervous D. optimistic
9. A. asked B. paid
C. applied D. accounted
10. A. matter B. mind
C. business D. question
11. A. rags B. fashion
C. uniform D. dream
12. A. so B. and
C. or D. but
13. A. ability B. problem
C. power D. reason
14. A. words B. faces
C. hearts D. ears
15. A. approved B. accused
C. admitted D. apologised
—391—
练案[13]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ. 1. forehead 2. blank 3. dizzy 4. bonuses 5. potential
6. obstacle 7. purchase 8. input
Ⅱ. 1. to 2. take 3. purchases 4. smoking 5. that
6. fixed 7. distribution 8. surrounding
Ⅲ. 1. are fond of 2. surrounded by 3. as to 4. was willing
to 5. dreamed of 6. access to 7. Most of all 8. contribute to
Ⅳ. 1. overlooking the sports ground 2. Criticized for many
times 3. It was only after he had told me that 4. take a step
back 5. which made us all angry
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ. A
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在
阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式,价
格等细节。
1. B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest
bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot
brake (刹车),bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡),
bikes with child seats,and childrens bikes. (我们提供种
类繁多的最新自行车,包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手
刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自
行车)”可推知,MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自
行车。故选B。
2. C 细节理解题。根据定价表可知,租一辆带手刹和三
档的自行车一天需要14. 75欧元,额外增加天数每天8
欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要
14. 75 + 8 = 22. 75欧元。故选C。
3. D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs
from Dam Square every hour on the hour,starting at 100
pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发,每天下
午1点开始。)”可知,导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。
故选D。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了多米尼
克·约翰逊·希尔在中国和海外销售罐装北京空气,人
们对此看法不一,但作者认为无论如何,这可能是唤起公
众保护环境意识的一种独特方式。
4. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,努力把生意
推向另一个方向使多米尼克产生了制作和销售劣质空
气的想法。故D项正确。
5. B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“you can just imagine
someones face when they unwrap (打开)it for Christmas”
可知,圣诞礼物一般都是美好的,而一个人收到北京罐
装空气作为圣诞礼物一定会感到很吃惊。故B项
正确。
6. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“a unique mix of
nitrogen,oxygen”可知,锡罐里的北京空气中含有氮、氧
和一些其他物质,由此可知画线词词义为“物质”。故B
项正确。
7. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anyway,it is probably
a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the
environment.”可知,这可能是唤起公众保护环境意识的
一种独特方式,由此可知,人们应该努力保护环境。故
C项正确。
Ⅱ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍
了到国外留学所面临的三个不利的情况——文化障碍、
独自一人及高昂的费用。
1. B 前面提到“沟通的效率至关重要”,下文提到“了解
期望你的沟通流利的程度是重要的”,由此可知,此处
谈论的是语言方面的障碍。所以选B项。
2. E 根据“所有的一切,从食物、宗教到交通和穿着的样
式都与你自己的国家不同”可知,这里介绍的是文化冲
击。所以选E项。
3. G 本部分说明的是“Youre On Your Own”,G项中的
“Perhaps youve never lived on your own. . .”与此语意
相符。
4. A 根据“Travel expenses. . . add up quickly”可知,在国
外学习花费很大。所以选A项。
5. F 上文提到住在国外一切花费很快就堆积起来。F项
“根据你选择到国外什么地方学习,花费的差别也很
大”符合语境。
练案[14]
Ⅰ. 1. which / that 2. that 3. which 4. which 5. where
6. whose 7. whom 8. of 9. where 10. As
Ⅱ. 1. where they spent their whole day without cell phones
2. why / for which you are late again
3. when more information is available
4. which really made me happy
5. the meaning of which / whose meaning
6. As anybody can see
Ⅲ. 1. where 2. where 3. when 4. when 5. which
Ⅳ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了今年瑞
典只有约五分之一的消费付款使用现金支付,不同的人
对无现金支付持不同的意见。
1. convenience 考查名词。此处填名词作enjoying的
宾语。
2. is made / has been made 考查动词的时态和语态。20%
of all consumer payment与make之间是被动关系,且此
处讲述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时的被动语态;
也可以理解成过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成
时的被动语态。
3. the 考查冠词。the rest of意为“其余的”,为固定
搭配。
4. joyful 考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语。
5. easily 考查副词。修饰动词ignored用副词。
6. falling 考查非谓语动词。risk doing sth.表示“冒险做
某事”。
7. as 考查介词。 refer to. . . as. . . 意为“将……称
为……”。
8. what 考查宾语从词。所填词引导宾语从句,从句中的
stole缺少宾语,故填what。
9. but 考查连词。根据句意可知前后是转折关系,故
填but。
10. their 考查代词。修饰名词habit用形容词性物主代
词,故填their。
Ⅴ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是
作者跟同事在饭店吃饭的时候,因为浪费了食物而被罚
款的故事,从中认识到了食物是社会的共同资源,我们不
应当随意浪费。
1. D 根据后文的“We noticed a few customers including
several old ladies,were having their meal.”可知,有几个
客人在吃饭,所以是在饭店里。
2. C serve a dish为常用搭配,意为“上菜”。
3. C 根据every bit可知,此处意为他们吃掉(finish)盘子
里的每一点食物。
4. B order food为常用搭配,意为“点食物”,因为他们在
饭店,所以此处是我的同事帮我点了很多的食物。
5. D 根据dining可知,此处是spend time doing sth.,我们
吃饭没有花费很多时间。
6. A 结合上下文,我们吃饭是比较匆忙的,所以当我们
要离开的时候,还剩下三分之一的食物没吃完
(unconsumed)。
7. B 结合上下文,根据calling us 可知,此处是听到
(hear)别人在叫我们。
8. A 根据后面的“wasting so much food”可知,
她们叫住
—242—
我们是对我们浪费食物的行为感到不满意,不高兴
(unhappy)。
9. B 根据句意理解可知,此处意为“我们花钱(pay)买了
我们的食物,我们剩多少食物跟你没关系”。
10. C 这里none of your business“不关你的事”是固定搭
配,我们剩多少食物跟你没关系。
11. C 警察一般穿的都是制服,一个穿着制服(uniform)
的警官到了。
12. D 这里前后是逻辑上的转折关系;钱是你们的,但是
(but)资源是属于社会的,你们没有任何理由可以浪费
资源。
13. D have no reason for doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“没
有理由做……”。
14. C 根据句意理解可知,因为我们都没有说话,所以此
处意为我们在心里(hearts)都赞同他的话。
15. D 根据上文可知,我们心里赞同警官的话,所以我的
同事一直向他道歉(apologise)。
练案[15]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ. 1. toddler 2. sorrow 3. hired 4. thereby
5. supervision 6. expenses
Ⅱ. 1. Consult 2. frustrations 3. hiring 4. supervision
5. expenses 6. abused 7. thefts 8. purses 9. toddlers
10. sorrowing
Ⅲ. 1. is relevant to 2. takes on 3. interfere with 4. make
ends meet 5. go into debt 6. rent out 7. As is often the
case 8. taking off 9. at the expense of 10. are subject to
Ⅳ. 1. as is often the case 2. beneficial to 3. at the expense
of 4. relevant to 5. was set up;has taken on
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ. A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。调查发现,很多人
担心自己的钱会花光,被迫依靠社会保障作为主要收入
来源。但很少有人知道要存多少钱才能过上舒适的退休
生活,这个问题只能视情况而定。Jimmy Lee和Mitch Katz
就此分别发表了自己的看法。
1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知,很多人担心钱会花
光,不得不依靠社保作为主要收入来源,由此推断那些
依靠社会保障的人对于这一情况会感觉困窘和尴尬。
故选B。
2. A 细节理解题,根据第二段开头的“it would make
people save more”可知,担心退休问题可能会使人们储
存更多的钱。故选A。
3. D 推理判断题。根据第三段末句“In todays low
interest environment,it would make sense to carry a
mortgage if your mortgage rate is under 4 percent and you
can get an investment rate of 6 percent .”可知Jimmy Lee
对那些抵押贷款的人的建议是平衡抵押贷款和投资回
报。故选D。
4. B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Its kind of an
emotional thing more than a financial thing”可知,Mitch
Katz的回答集中在精神负担上。故选B。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如
何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。
5. B 词句猜测题。根据画线部分前文“Chances are that
if youre looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle,not
everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更
可持续的生活方式,可能不是你周围的每个人都准备
好)”及第二段中的“Ive learned a few things along the
way though,which I hope youll find encouraging if youre
doing your best to figure out how you can make the change
in a notalwayssupportive household.(在这个过程中,我
学到了一些东西,我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你
的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变,你会感
到鼓舞。)”可知,如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方
式,可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。
由此推知,画线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you
in what youre doing. (加入你正在做的事情。)意思接
近。故选B。
6. A 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later,I
came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries,and
my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars
everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后,我
带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了,我父亲评论说,我到处
带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧。)”可推知,
作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。
7. D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of
reducing waste continued,I did what I could that was
within my own reach. (然而,随着减少浪费的几个月的
持续,我尽了自己力所能及的努力。)”及“Perhaps your
household wont entirely make the switch,but you may
have some control over your own personal spaces to make
the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变,但
你可以控制自己的个人空间,做出你想要的改变。)”可
推知,作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。
8. C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if
youre looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle,not
everyone around you will be ready to jump on that
bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式,可
能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。)”及
第二段中的“Ive learned a few things along the way
though,which I hope youll find encouraging if youre doing
your best to figure out how you can make the change in a
notalwayssupportive household.(在这个过程中,我学到
了一些东西,我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家
庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变,你会感到鼓
舞。)”可知,文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪
费的生活方式。故选C。
Ⅱ. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了面
对学校最糟糕的女子班级,作者没有选择放弃,也没有采
取常规教学法,而是引导她们谈论自己的人生故事,带她
们去看音乐剧,从而走进她们的内心并感动她们。
1. B 根据前两句可知,作者本想成为一名作家,却在教
室里教一群叛逆的女学生,没有实现作家梦,两句是转
折关系。故选B。
2. D 根据上文“I was standing in a class of”和下文中“the
worst class”可知,本句是指作者教学的努力毫无希望。
故选D。
3. A 句意为:下课铃终于响了,我冲进办公室,气得满脸
通红。rush冲;wander徘徊;slip滑;drop掉下。故选A。
4. C 句意为:其他老师并不感到惊讶。concerned担心
的;disappointed失望的;surprised惊讶的;frightened害
怕的。根据下文“这是学校最糟糕的班级”可知,老师
们对作者生气的反应并不感到吃惊。故选C。
5. C 句意为:我害怕我们的下一次会面,但我不能放弃,
我需要这份工作。pull up拔出,停车;cheer up欢呼,使
高兴;give up放弃;make up化妆,捏造,编写。故选C。
6. B 句意为:因此,我没有选择正式课程,而是带来了课
堂讨论的主题。in favor of支持,赞同;instead of代替,
而不是;on behalf of代表;by means of借助……手段。
作者放弃此前的课程,让学生们进行话题讨论。故
选B。
7. D interview面试;agreement 同意;discussion 讨论;
argument争吵。根据下文可知,学生分享自己家庭的经
济和其他大问题,可以推断出她们谈论的话题之一就
是与父母的争吵。故选D。
8. B 句意为:渐渐地,她们的文章成了我们之间(沟通
)
—342—