Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Leaming About Language(学案)-【成才之路】2024-2025学年高中新课程英语选择性必修第四册同步学习指导(人教版2019)

suggested that Claire 8. invite some declaring that he didn't want to leave her and 10 guests to the house the night before he was to leave and he felt more than just the desire to please her. Larry was to return.Then they prepared for it.At last, 夯基提能作业 the night of the party arrived.Just before the guests 请同学们认真完成练案[1] arrived,Tony took Claire in his 9. (arm). Section II Learning About Language 自主预习 1.词汇记忆 4. 意识到 1. n.谣言：传闻 被起诉；被控告 2. n.车费：船费：飞机票价 增加 3 n.女主席：女董事长：女委员长 1 作为奖赏 4. (NAmE gram)n,克（重量单位） 8.distinguish between reality and science fiction 5. .面粉，（谷物磨成的）粉 语 6. n.活动场地（如音乐厅、会场等）】 9.when it comes to 7. n.推销员：售货员 10.a major threat to humans 8. n.外星人（生物）：外国人ad 11.handle tasks 择性必修 陌生的：外星的：外国的 12.be admitted to Ⅱ，词汇拓展 13.set up 第四册 1. 以.&.假定：假设→ 14.get caught up n.推测，设想：放肆，傲慢 W.句型感知 2 n.星期，周→ 1....AI researchers say that ad.每周的.周刊 Al can win at almost everything. 011 3 t.计算：核算：预测→ …人工智能研究人员表示，用不了多久，人工智 .计算器→ n.计算 能就能在几乎所有事情中获胜。 Ⅲ.词块识记 2. 根据：以…的方式（基准） this international Al conference. 2 安排做某事 我很荣幸被邀请在这次国际人工智能大会上发表 3 把…切成碎片 演讲。 要点探究 重点单词 1.rumour n.谣言；传闻 ①教材原句 ①典型例句 Rumours are like sharp knives,cutting one's self- Rumours panicked many investors into selling their respect into pieces.(P4) shares. 谣言就像锋利的刀子，把人的自尊割成碎片。 谣言使许多投资者感到恐慌而出售股份。 ①联想拓展 (rumour）. spread rumours about sb..散布关于某人的谣言 g3③I heard a rumour they are getting the rumour about关于…的传闻 married. the source of rumours谣言的来源 完成句子 ①即学即用 ④这位歌手把这个故事当作谣言而不予考虑。 单句语法填空 The singer DOver the weekend,a rumour further returning cast member was confirmed. ⑤这些说法很多都是道听途说。 2We're interested in the source of these fictitious Many of the stories 2.presume vt.&i.假定；假设 ①教材原句 assumption n.假定，假设；承担：获得 Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed consume.使用：消费；消耗 innocent until proven otherwise.(P4) consumption n.使用：消耗 无论谁被指控犯罪，在证明无罪之前都应假定无罪。 resume r.重新开始：回到 ①典型例句 resumption n.重新开始；恢复 Most of us are reluctant to start these conversations ①即学即用 012 because we presume the opposite. 单句语法填空 我们大多数人都不愿意开始这样的对话，因为我们①Everyone is entitled to the 成 的设想正好相反。 presume)of innocence until they are proved to be 才之路 ①联想拓展 guilty. (1)I presume so..我想是的。 ②I presume your speech that you are 高 It is presumed that.,据推测 a foreigner. 新 presume from从…中推测 ③lt presume)that the economy will 程 (2)presumption n.推测，设想：放肆，做慢；[法律】 continue to improve. 习 推定 翻译句子 导 ①名师点拨 ④我们估计这是在夜间发生的。 类似构词法： assume假定，假设：承担：就职：取得：呈现 3.fare.车费；船费；飞机票价 ①教材原句 车票价/飞机票价 He regularly charges passengers more than the normal round trip fare往返票价 fare and pockets the difference.(P4) half-fare半票 他经常多收乘客票钱，把差额塞进自己的腰包。 ①名师点拨 ①典型例句 fare车费：船费：（交通工具）票价 It is unlikely that the marine industry will fare any fee(付给专业人员，如医生、律师的)酬金 better in September. tip小费；赏钱 海运业不大可能在9月份有所好转。 expense开支；费用 ①联想拓展 income“收入”，不强调途径，只要是得到的钱都可以 bus/Iaxi/rain/air fares公共汽车费/出租汽车费/火 称为收入。 payment是个通用词，可取代salary与wage。 salary指专业人员和办公室工作人员，从事脑力劳动②You pay income tax on all your 的人按月领取的薪水 not just your salary. bonus奖金，不是工资，指奖金、提成、红利等。 3Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers saving储蓄金，存款 may ride for half the regular wage表示“时薪”或“周薪”，一般是体力劳动者工 4Did you remember to give a to the 资，现金支付的工资。 waiter? earning表示工作所得的报酬，包括存款利息等非劳 5The architect charged us a of seven 动所得，也就是表示通过工作挣取的所有报酬。 hundred and fifty dollars. allowance指收人中的补贴部分 完成句子 ①即学即用 ⑥我不建议你付555美元乘坐普通的单程经济舱。 选词填空(tip/onus/fee/fare/earning) DThe workers expected to share out a year-end of$555 4.weekly adj.每周的h.周刊 ①教材原句 monthly adj.每月的n.月刊 Money paid for work or services,typically on a daily or yearly ad山.每年的 蕃 weekly basis (P4) ①即学即用 为工作或服务支付的钱，通常按天或按周计算 单句语法填空 ①典型例句 ①You can be paid in cash week)or 择性 Each course comprises 10-12 informal weekly by cheque monthly:those are the two alternatives. meetings. ②)(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)The innovative design requires 四 每门课程包括10至12次每周1次的非正式见 little effort to achieve a reliable 面会。 week)supply of fresh greens. R ①联想拓展 完成句子 a weekly magazine周刊 ③补助金按平均周收人计算。 weekly meetings周会 Benefit is calculated 013 a news weekly新闻周f刊 daily adj.每日的n.日报 5.calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 ①教材原句 ①联想拓属 They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating (I)calculate that...算出，推算出 and driving for us,we will have more time for creating, calculate on/upon依靠；期待：指望：计算 thinking,and“being human”.(P4) be caleulated to do sth.故意做/打算做/可能做某 他们认为，如果人工智能可以为我们处理计算和驾 事 驶等任务，我们将有更多的时间来创造、思考和“做 tis/was calculated that...据估算… 人”。 (2)caleulator n.计算器 ①典型例句 calculation n.计算 You'll need to calculate how much time the assignment ①即学即用 will take. 单句语法填空 你需要算一算要花多少时间才能完成分配的任务。①They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same 完成句子 (calculate). ④据计算，去年至少丧失了47,000个工作。 2Mothers'devotion to children can hardly 47.000 (calculate). jobs were lost last year. 3You can't bring anything into the test,even a ⑤你应该能够相信你的家人会支持你。 caleulate ) You should be able to 重点短语 ona(n)..basis根据；以…的方式（基准） ①教材原句 base.,on..以…为根据/基础 Money paid for work or services,typically on a daily or be based on/upon以…为基础/依据 weekly basis.(P4) (3)basically adr.基本上，大体上 为工作或服务支付的钱，通常按天或按周计算。 ①即学即用 ①典型例句 单句语法填空 The charity is run on a purely voluntary basis. DThe publishers planned to produce the journal 这个慈善团体的工作人员完全是自愿性质的。 a weekly basis. 014 ①联想拓展 2I have organized the cleaning on day-to- (I)basis n.方式；准则；基础 day basis,until our usual cleaner returns on a regular basis定期 翻译句子 才之路 on a consistent basis始终如一地：连续地 ③设备定期进行检查 on the basis of根据；在…的基础上；基于 高 (2)base tt..以…为根据n.基部，基地，基础 新 里元语法精析 被动语态 导 was/were was/were 英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 过去 had been done done being done 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示 主语是动作的承受者。汉语中常用“被”“给”“由” shall /will be shall/will have been 将来 无 “受”等词来表示被动，而英语中由“be+及物动词 done done 的过去分词”构成。 过去 should/would should/would have 无 一、各种时态的被动结构 将来be done been done 一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进 (2023·全国甲卷)As grizzly bears expand their 行时、现在完成时和过去完成时的被动结构是考查 range into places where they haven't been seen in a 重点。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现 century or more,they're increasingly being sighted by 在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的完全 humans. 样。以do为例： 随着灰熊的活动范围扩大到一个多世纪以来从 般时态 进行时态 完成时态 未出现过的地方，人类越来越多地看到了它们。 am/is/are am/is/are Everyone's pay will be increased next year by 5%. 现在 has/have been done done being done 明年每人的工资将增加五个百分点。 It was the first time that I had been criticized in 2.动词短语视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词 public. 不能省去。 那是我第一次在公众场合挨批。 She will take good care of the children. The work will have been finished by the end of 她将会好好照顾孩子们 next month. -The children will be taken good care of by her. 到下月底前这项工作将会完成。 孩子们将由她来好好照顾。 The house is quite old.It was built in 1950. 3.复合宾语通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而 这座房子很古老了。它是1950年建造的。 宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略o的不 ①即学即用 定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号和必须补上。 单句语法填空 Someone saw him swim in the lake yesterday. DHe hurried home,never once looking back to see if 昨天有人看见他在湖里游泳。 he follow ) -He was seen to swim in the lake yesterday. 2They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals 昨天他被看见在湖里游泳。 install)by 2022 for the 4.特殊疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：一 Beijing Winter Olympics. 般用“By+疑问词”开头。 3Amy,as well as her brothers, Who has broken the cup? 语 (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village 谁打碎了杯子？ last week. By whom has the cup been broken? 二、被动语态常用于以下两种情况： 杯子被谁打碎了？ 择性必修 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指 ①即学即用 出谁是动作的执行者。 完成句子 册 Rice is grown in the south of China. ①我的英文名是Walter,它是我上大学时我的英语 R 中国南方种植水稻。 教授取的。 2.强调动作的承受者。 My English name is Walter.It The tree was broken by that boy. when I was at the 015 这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。 university. 三、将主动语态变为被动语态应注意的几种 ②他曾11次当选全国体育记者。 情况 (2024·新高考I卷)He 1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两 National Sportswriter of the Year 11 times. 种方法： ③我被这部感人的电影弄哭了。 (1)间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变： by the moving (2)直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词o或 movie. for引导。 四、被动语态和过去分词作表语 He told us a story. 1.意义差别：被动语态强调动作：过去分词作表 他给我们讲故事。 语描写人或事物的特征及状态。 We were told a story by him. The window is broken. 我们听（他讲）故事。 窗子破了。 A story was told to us by him. The window is broken by him. 故事由他给我们讲。 窗子被他打破了。 2.用法差别：过去分词作表语时接近形容词的 4.need,want,require,deserve,be worth后面接 特征，可以被so,vey,too等程度副词修饰，而被动 动词的-ing形式，主动表被动。 语态则不能用so,very,too修饰，而需用much,very The novel is worth reading. much,so much,too much修饰。 这本小说值得一读。 He was very interested in science. The old house requires repairing. 他对科学有极大的兴趣。（系表结构） 这所旧房子需要修理。 I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't ①即学即用 know what to do. 单句语法填空 我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。（被动 ①This kind of knife cut)well. 语态) 2Your writing is really difficult ①即学即用 (read). 单句语法填空 ③That (sound)great.Deal me in! ①I was pleased (hear）you've been 4All the old carpets need promoted. (replace). ②He was pleased his teacher's 六、有些及物动词或短语不用于被动语态。 praise. 如：fl,have,marry,wish,cost,notice,.watch, ③I was quite surprised the agree with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed 016 significance of the findings. in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into, 4Everyone was surprised the speed belong to等。 with which the dispute was settled. 才之路 ①即学即用 五、常见主动表被动的情况 完成句子 1.有些动词(cut,sell,read,write,fll,cook, ①直言不讳的人才是真正诚实的人。 高 lock,wash,drive,keep等)常用主动形式表被动。 新 A person who is truly honest This pen writes smoothly. straight arrow. 这支钢笔写起来很流畅。 ②他们将问你许多奇怪的问题。 This car sells well. 指 You a lot of strange questions 这车很畅销。 2.在某些形容词(hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit, by them. ③到去年十二月他们已建造了三艘船。 good,comfortable,convenient,impossible,cheap, expensive等)后的不定式用主动形式表被动。 By last December three ships (2023·全国乙卷)What's more,indoor plants by them. are easy to look after and are not very expensive. ④我有一些衣服要洗。 更重要的是，室内植物很容易照顾，也不是 I have some clothes 很贵。 ⑤你的想法证实是错的。 The box is heavy to carry. Your idea wrong. 这箱子重得搬不动： ⑥书销售得快。 3.“半系动词+形容词”结构，look,smell,taste, The book quickly. sound,feel,prove,turn out等。 ⑦需要更多的煤气吗？ The food in this restaurant tastes good. Will more gas 这家餐馆的饭菜味道很好。 ⑧这音乐不好听。 The news tured out (to be)true. The music isn't pleasant 这消息原来是真的。 语法专题练习 1,单句语法填空 4,Did you buy this bike from the shop?(改为被动语 1.They are going send)to work 态) in Tibet for two years. from 2.-Do you have any problems if you the shop? (offer）this job? 5.(2024·全国甲卷)Readers are often carried away -Well,I'm thinking about the salary. by characters.(改为主动语态) 3.Though we don't know what was being discussed,yet we can feel the topic (change). 6.We should speak to old men politely.(改为被动语 4.Much progress make)in 态) China with the help of the people's hard work. Old men should politely. 5.Nowadays,more new technologies 7,My watch needs repairing.(改为同义句) (apply)in the field of IT. My watch needs 6.(2024·全国甲卷)Parents 8.A local advertising company has offered Maria a good (invite)to watch the event,but are asked to stand jb.(改为被动语态)】 either in front of the office,near the flagpole,or in A good job Maria the grassy courtyard. by a local advertising company. 7.You are not allowed to go into the meeting room.A Ⅲ.语法主题应用 择性必修 secret plan 请用被动语态介绍你喜欢的一部科幻小说。 discuss)there. L.《弗兰肯斯坦》(Frankenstein)是玛丽·雪莱 册 8.The surface of this table feels so smooth.I think it is (Marry Shelley)写的一篇科幻小说： R well worth (buy ) 2.这本小说被认为是英国文学史上最早的科幻小说 9.The manager was happy to learn that four-fifths of the 之一 tickets (book). 3.这本小说出版后，受到广泛关注； 017 10.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday 4.小说的故事基于科学、想象和自身经历： decide). 5.这本小说已被翻译成多种语言。 Ⅱ.句型转换 1.(2024·新高考I卷)Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much..(改为被动语态) Her dog's suffering farber's treatments so much. 2.(2022·全国乙卷改编)People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.(改为被动语态) Their memory of what they've read how far into the book it was or where it was on the 夯基提能作亚 page by people. 请同学们认真完成练案[2] 3.This makes me feel thirsty.(改为被动语态】 feel thirsty by this.学案及练案部分 参考答案 [学案部分] UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 重点句型 1. ①As they grow up ②as she pointed ③as instructed ④Poor 话题导读 as he was 1.D 推理判断题。由第一段的内容并结合第二段的首句”This 2.①more than ②more thana newspaper ③no more than imaginative tale is at the heart of the science-fiction movie The 3. ①it ②that ③that WanderingEarth.”可知,第一段简单介绍了《流浪地球》的内 4.①enjoyable ②waiting ③ to understand ④ made him 容,目的是引出本文的话题。故选D。 a superstar 2.C 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“It means domestic movie 5.①eame ②lies ③lie production teams have matured enough to develop new ideas... 随堂达标验收 the film results in the best possible performance."可知,国内电 1. 1. fiction 2. ladder 3. bonuses 4. ridiculous 5. integrity 影制作团队已经足够成熟,在科幻作家的创作基础上不断创 6. dignity 7. salary 8. suspended 9. ahsurd 新,由此可知,作者对国内科幻电影的发展持积极态度,故 10. appointment 选C。 II.1.(1)开除;解雇(2)不予考虑;消除(3)使(某人)离开; Section I Reading and Thinking 解散 2.(1)A(2)B 自主预习 III. I. declaration 2. appointment 3. to go 4. guilty 5. out I. 1. bonus 2. integrity 3. dignity 4. salary 5. absurd 6. nail 6. out 7. (should) learn 8. smarter 9. declared 10. like 7. saleswoman 8. ladder 9. whereas IV. 1. more like a military officer than 2. It was considerate of you II.1. fiction fictitious 2. ridiculous ridiculously 3. appoint 3. makes our life easy and convenient to visit 4.There appointed appointment 4. guilt guilty 5. suspend appeared to be a man 5. As my mother sang those old songs suspended suspender 6. dismiss dismissal V. I. on 2. to be tested 3. alarmed 4. speaking 5. dressing 7. declare declaration 6. Gradually 7. giving 8.( should) invite 9. arms 10. that III.1. science fiction 2. test out 3. more like 3. on a... basis 5. or rather 6. turn around 7.毕竟;终究 8.从.....掉下来 Section I Learning About Language 9.及时;迟早 10.抱着某人11.不仅仅;不止 IV. 1. as her husband would be away on a business trip for 自主预习 three weeks I. 1. rumour 2. fare 3. chairwoman 4. gramme 5. flour 2. more like than 3. it 6. venue 7. salesman 8. alien 4. make herself more heautiful and her home more elegant II.1. presume presumption 2. week weekly 3. calculate 5. there stood Gladys Clafferm calculator calculation V.-1.C 2.D 3.A 4.E 5.B 6.I 7.H 8.F 9.C III.I. on a... basis 2. arrange to do sth. 3. cut... into pieces 二、1.A 2.D3.D 4.A 4. be aware of 5. be charged with 6. add to 7. as a reward 8.区分现实和科幻小说 9.当说到....时 要点探究 10.对人类的重 大感胁 重点单词 11.处理任务 12.被录取 13.建立;设立;安装 1. ①an ②appointment ③with ④appointed appointment 14.被卷入;陷人 appointment IV. 1. it will not be long before 2. It is a great honour for me to be 2. ①guiltily ②of ③about ④feel guilty about making mistakes invited to address I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often. 要点探究 3.①解雇 ②摒除 ③解散 ④不予考虑 dismissed 重点单词 ②rumours ③that 1.①ahout Dismissing The committee has decided to dismiss him ④ dismissed the story as a 4. ①announced ②declared ③was declared ④on/against rumour are based on rumour to be lt has been declared that another nature park will be 2. ①presumption ②from ③is presumed ④We presume this set up to protect wildlife must have happened during the night 重点短语 3. ①bonus ②earnings ③fare ④tip fee 1.①put to the test ②test on ③can't wait to test out ④take I won't advise you to pay the normal one-way economy class fare a test 4. ①weekly ②weekly ③on the basis of average weekly earnings 2. ①like ②more likely ③more and more often ④More often 5. ①calculation ②be calculated ③calculator ④lt is calculated than not more and more that at least ealculate on your family to support you -237- 重点短语 16. ①exploded ②explosion ③explosive explodes ①on ②a ③The equipment is checked on a regular basis ④On seeing his funny expression, we all exploded with laughter. 单元语法精析 重点短语 一、①was being followed ②will have been installed ③was given 1. ①in ②up ③away ④on over place 三.①was given by my English professor ②has been voted 2. ①between ②of ③with ④in conflicting in conflct with each other ③I was made to cry in conflict with her parents over her 四、①to hear ②by ③with ④by future carcer 五、①cuts ②to read ③sounds ④replacing/to be replaced 3. ①tumed up ②tumed out ③turn off ④turn up tumed in 六、①is called ②will be asked ③had been built ④to wash tum to turmed down ⑧turned around proved to be sells be needed ⑧to listen to 4. ①over ②away ③apart ④behind back 语法专题练习 重点句型 1. ①It ②that ③that ④not until his father came home I. 1. to be sent 2. are offered 3. has been changed 4. is being he made 5. are being applied 6. are invited 7. is being discussed went to bed When was it that 2. ①were ②had done ③were 8. buying 9. had been booked 10. has been decided ④had been 1②playing 3.①carried ③reading II. 1. was eased by 2. is often linked to 3. am made to 4. Was 4. ①Looking ②causing this bike bought by you 5. Characters often carry away readers. ③conducting ④moving 6. be spoken to 7. to be repaired 8. has been offered to He approached me and patted me on the shoulder. whispering. III.参考范文: “Winners never quit." Frankenstein is a science fiction which was written by Marry 5. Provided/Providing As long as/So long as/On condition that Shelley. It is regarded as one of the earliest science fictions in Only if English literature. After the novel was published, it drew wide 随堂达标验收 attention. The story of the novel is based on science. imagination and I. I. superior 2. labour 3. leather 4. hazy 5. fetch personal experiences. The novel has been translated into many 6. handkerchief 7. urge 8. explode 9. maximum 10. random languages. II.1.(1)出现(2)暴露;露出真相(3)兴起 2.(1)A(2)B Section II Using Language III. 1I. to fetch 2. with 3. an 4. randomly 5. explosion 6. over 自主预习 7. with 8. to be 9. Hoping 10. So/As I.1. blurred 2. inaction 3. lever 4. panel 5. inch 6. grip IV.1. It was not until I came here that 2. as if nothing had 7. hazy 8. niece 9. fetch 10. handkerchief 11. lamp happened 3. So long as you try your best 4. pointing at the notice on the wall 5. saw him reading a science fiction 12. pace 13. puff 14. urge 15. jolt 16. flip 17. stun 18. mud 19. overstatement V. 1. Giving 2. a 3. went 4. seeing 5. faster 6. to explain 2. labour labourer 3. leather 7. that/which 8. times 9. was thrown 10. to II. 1. superior superiority leathern leathery 4. backwards forwards 5. division Section IV 单元写作 divide divisional 6. random randomly randomness 审题谋篇 7. maximum minimum 8. explode explosion explosive 第三步 II.1. pros and cons 2. take over 3. conflict with 4. 关掉;熄灭; 1. hesitate to do... 2. put... on 3. invisible 4. approach 在场;使朝外;结果是5.(逐渐)减少;消失 6.有强烈的欲 5. with the help of... 6. together with 望做某事 过第四步 IV.1. It was that 2. as if 3. saw huge buildings rise up I. didn't hesitate to put the ring on 2. disappeared was invisible to 4. melting and flowing 5. So long as V.一、1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 3. approached the castle 4. With the help of 5. together with 第五步 二、1.D 2.A 3.A 1. The young man didn't hesitate to put the ring on his finger. 要点探究 surprisingly discovering that he disappeared, invisible to other 重点单词 people. 1. ①to ②superiors ③superior to ④junior to me 2. On approaching the castle, he put on the ring, and entered the 2. ①brought ②Take ③fetched ④to fetch water to fetch castle. and carry 3. With the help of the ring, he found the magical stick in a golden 3. ①at ②pacing ③ paces ④ Pacing up and down keep box, and destroyed it successfully. thus removing the magic spell pace with put on the girl by the witch. 4. ①division ②divided ③between ④into 第六步 5. ①to do ②an ③urgent ④urgency 参考范文: I have a strong urge to travel around the world. Once upon a time, a young man was walking through a wood Environment experts urge people to recycle and reuse plastic when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground. He just stood hags. I wondering and then the ring said." Young man, a kind girl is -238-