Unit 3 Section Ⅴ Reading for Writing-（课件PPT+Word教案）【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（人教版2019）

Environmental protection Unit3 Section Ⅴ Reading for Writing Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　写作技法指导 整体理解 课文 3 Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握] 1.What can we know about Li River from paragraph 1? A.It is the most famous tourist destinations in China. B.Millions of visitors come to visit it from home and abroad every year. C.The water there is dirty all the time. D.There is no efficient solutions to the water pollution. √ 2.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A.People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River. B.Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River. C.The local authorities never inspect the Li River. D.Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River. √ 3.According to the passage，which is NOT the measures that have been taken to reduce the pollution of the river? A.Preserving new generations. B.The construction of waste water treatment facilities. C.Setting up strict regulations. D.Spreading environmental awareness. √ 4.What does the author think of the measures that have been taken? A.Effective. B.Harmless. C.Useless. D.Opposed. √ 5.What is the genre of this passage? A.Prose(散文). B.Narration. C.Argumentation. D.Report. √ Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构] 1.The passage mainly talks about the water pollution and measures taken to deal with it in the Li River. 2.The passage can be divided into three parts： water pollution the reasons some mea- sures and initiatives Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句] 1.读文章并找出陈述报道目的的句子。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)However，its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river’s water quality. (2)Previously，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. (3)Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. (4)The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly，as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. 2.读文章并找出体现因果关系的句子。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (5)Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. (6)In order to feed more people，more chemicals were used to increase crop production. (7)These chemicals led to severe water quality issues，causing a decrease in the number of fish species. 3.读文章并找出憧憬美好未来的句子。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (1)With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. (2)With such campaigns in effect，China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. 返 回 难句分析 长句 15 1.This report looks at the problem of water (pollute) and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.(P32 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是 句，that引导的是 从句，修饰先行词actions，不定式短语to deal with it作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 pollution 本报道就是着眼于水污染问题以及已采取的一些应对措施。 复合 定语 目的状语 2. (previous)，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an (increase) volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，many of whom...river是 从句，修饰先行词tourists。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 过去，游客数量的增加使漓江的水质严重恶化，许多游客常常将垃圾抛入江中。 Previously increasing 复合 非限制性定语 3. (kitchen) on board were using lots of oil，which was often thrown into the water.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，which引导的是 从句，修饰先行词oil。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ Kitchens 复合 非限制性定语 船上厨房使用过的大量食用油经常被倒入江中。 4.The (grow) in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly，as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，the local population rose rapidly...是省略了that的 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ growth 复合 宾语 旅游业的增长意味着当地人口和工商企业的数量迅速增加。 5.Local officials were concerned the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should (take) to restore the river’s original beauty.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是 句，and连接了两个 ，felt后面的that引导 从句，to restore...是不定式短语作 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ that 复合 be taken 地方官员担心水污染对自然环境的破坏，认为必须采取紧急措施以恢复漓江昔日的美丽。 并列谓语 宾语 目的状语 6.A comprehensive initiative (start)，with a number of measures that addressed the issues.(P32 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，that addressed the issues是 从句，修饰先行词measures。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 一个全面的治理方案启动，其中包括一系列应对该问题的措施。 was started 复合 定语 7.With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will (preserve) for generations (come).(P33 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是 句，it是 ，that引导的是 从句，作真正的主语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ 有了这些举措，相信漓江之美将得到保护并世代相传。 be preserved to come 复合 形式主语 主语 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 1　 with 复合结构 Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.(P32 Para.2) 越来越多的生活和商业垃圾最终流入江中，加重了水污染程度。 结构分析：此句是简单句，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river 是with复合结构，其中ending up in the river作宾补。 With such campaigns in effect，China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.(P33 Para.4) 随着这些运动的开展，中国的水路正在走向洁净、可持续的未来。 • with复合结构的构成是：with＋宾语＋宾补。此结构可作定语，也可 作状语，表示伴随、方式、条件、原因等。其具体构成如下： ①with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. ②with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示动作将要发生) ③with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) ④with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或动作已经完成) 结构分析：此句是简单句，With such campaigns in effect是with复合结构，其中介词短语in effect作宾补。 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我冲上前紧紧地抱住我的老师，眼睛里含着激动的泪水。 I rushed forward and hugged my teacher tightly，___________________ . (2)有太多的工作要做，我焦虑得在床上翻来覆去，无法入睡。(读后续写之焦虑心理描写) ，I was so anxious that I tossed and turned on the bed，unable to fall asleep. with tears of excitement in my eyes With too much work to do (3)我的提议得到了这么多人的支持，我眉飞色舞，精神高涨。(读后续写之喜悦心理描写) ____________________________________________________________________________________，my eyebrows danced and my spirits soared. (4)门开着，出于好奇，我蹑手蹑脚地走进房间，突然一个声音从我身后传来，吓得我魂飞魄散。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ，I tiptoed into the room out of curiosity and a sudden voice behind me frightened the pants off me. With my proposal supported by so many people/With so many people supporting my proposal With the door open 2　 现在分词短语作结果状语 These chemicals led to severe water quality issues，causing a decrease in the number of fish species.(P32 Para.2) 这些化学物质造成了严重的水质问题，导致鱼的种类减少。 结构分析：此句是简单句，causing a decrease in the number of fish species是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。 • 现在分词短语除了在句中作结果状语外，还可充当时间、条件、原因、 伴随、方式以及让步状语等。 • 动词不定式通常放在only之后作结果状语，表示一种意料之外的结果。 (1)Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry，only (inform) the game had been put off. (2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)小组学习室的课桌配备了现代化的电脑，使学生能够从互联网上获得有用的信息。 The desks in the Group Study Room are equipped with modern computers， . to be informed enabling students to gain useful information from the Internet (3)我和爸爸骑着马追逐一只可爱的兔子，完全不顾我们要去哪里。过了一会儿，我们抓住缰绳，让马停下来，却发现我们迷路了。觉察到我内心的焦虑，爸爸挤出一丝微笑，告诉我一切都会好起来的。(读后续写片段描写) ，my father and I chased a cute rabbit，_________ .After a while，we grabbed the reins and stopped our horses，_____________________________________________ ，my father forced a smile，____________________________ . Riding our horses completely 返 回 ignoring where we were going only to find that we were lost.Sensing my inner anxiety telling me that everything would be OK 技法指导 写作 31 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于环境问题的报道。报道正文通常包括问题描述、问题产生的原因分析、解决问题的具体措施以及成效等。 常用表达 一、引出问题常用句式 1.With...becoming more and more serious，some wild species will probably die out. 随着……变得越来越严重，一些野生物种可能会灭绝。 2.With the development of society，nowadays the issue of...is becoming increasingly severe. 随着社会的发展，现在……的问题变得越来越严重。 3.In fact，...is an incredibly severe problem the whole world is facing. 事实上，……是全世界都面临的一个非常严重的问题。 4....are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed. ……正在被污染，以至于动物生存的环境被破坏。 二、分析原因及结果的常用句式 1.The reason why the river is polluted is that factories send out waste water into it. 这条河被污染的原因是工厂把废水排放到河里。 2....are sent into the air，polluting the air we breathe. ……被排放到空气中，污染了我们呼吸的空气。 3.Besides，...causes/brings about/contributes to... 此外，……导致/带来/促成…… 三、措施及效果的常用句式 1.More trees and flowers have been planted to make the environment more beautiful. 为了使环境更美丽，人们种了更多的树和花。 2.It’s time to raise people’s awareness of...and appeal to more people to... 是时候提高人们对……的认识并呼吁更多的人…… 3.Some measures should be taken to deal with... 应该采取一些措施来处理…… 4.What...has done has improved the situation a lot. ……所做的已经大大改善了情况。 5....are forbidden to throw some rubbish into the river. ……被禁止往河里扔垃圾。 分步演练 东湖曾经是一处旅游胜地，但近年来受到严重的污染。当地政府采取了一些有效措施，使得污染情况有所减轻。假设你是李华，请根据以下要点写一篇报道并呼吁社会关注此事： 1.曾经的情景(景美、水清、鱼儿嬉戏、游客多)； 2.后来的状况(工厂废水污染、游客乱扔垃圾)； 3.当地政府已经采取措施来拯救东湖，情况有所好转。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 第二步　遣词造句 [核心词汇]　(含本单元词汇) 1.渴望…… 2.垃圾 3.许多；很多 4.发起运动 5.被罚款 6.要不是；如果没有 ______________________ ____________________ _________ ________________ ________ _______ be starving for/starve for garbage/waste/rubbish but for launch campaigns get fined dozens of 7.温和的政策 8.毫无疑问 9.容忍，忍受 ______________ __________________________ _______ moderate policy there is little/no doubt that... tolerate [连词成句]　(含本单元句型) 1.东湖过去是个美丽的地方，水很清澈，鱼儿在里面欢快地游来游去。 East Lake and the water was clean，in which fish swam happily. 2.来自全国的游客都渴望来参观这个湖，欣赏它的美。 Tourists from all over the nation ，appreciating its beauty. used to be a beautiful place are starving for a visit to the lake 3.随着数百万吨来自周围工厂的废水夜以继日地排入湖中，这个湖已经被污染得如此严重了。(with复合结构) _____________________________________________________________________________，the lake has been polluted so badly. 4.垃圾经常被游客扔进湖里，因此，它严重污染了湖泊。 Rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors and thus，it ____________ . With millions of tons of waste water from factories around poured into it day and night pollutes the lake badly 5.当地政府再也不能容忍这种糟糕的情况了，因此已经发起了各种各样的运动宣传环保的重要性。 The local government ，so it has launched various campaigns to publicize the importance of environmental protection. 6.毫无疑问，向湖里倾倒废水的工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。 the factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined. can’t tolerate the terrible situation any longer There is no doubt that 7.如果没有许多温和但有效的政策，这个湖不会变得越来越美丽。 If ，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. there hadn’t been dozens of moderate but effective policies 第三步　句式升级 1.用现在分词短语作结果状语改写句4。 Rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors， . 2.用but for引导的虚拟语气改写句7。 ，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. polluting the lake badly But for dozens of moderate but effective policies 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 East Lake used to be a beautiful place and the water was clean，in which fish swam happily.Tourists from all over the nation are starving for a visit to the lake，appreciating its beauty. Unfortunately，with millions of tons of waste water from factories around poured into it day and night，the lake has been polluted so badly.Moreover，rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors，polluting the lake badly. The local government can’t tolerate the terrible situation any longer，so it has launched various campaigns to publicize the importance of environmental protection.There is no doubt that the factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.But for dozens of moderate but effective policies，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. 返 回 本课结束 $$ Section Ⅴ　Reading for Writing Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握] 1．What can we know about Li River from paragraph 1? A．It is the most famous tourist destinations in China. B．Millions of visitors come to visit it from home and abroad every year. C．The water there is dirty all the time. D．There is no efficient solutions to the water pollution. 答案　B 2．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．People can do nothing to reduce water pollution in the Li River. B．Tourists are not allowed to visit the Li River. C．The local authorities never inspect the Li River. D．Some measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in the Li River. 答案　D 3．According to the passage，which is NOT the measures that have been taken to reduce the pollution of the river? A．Preserving new generations. B．The construction of waste water treatment facilities. C．Setting up strict regulations. D．Spreading environmental awareness. 答案　A 4．What does the author think of the measures that have been taken? A．Effective. B．Harmless. C．Useless. D．Opposed. 答案　A 5．What is the genre of this passage? A．Prose(散文). B．Narration. C．Argumentation. D．Report. 答案　D Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构] 1．The passage mainly talks about the water pollution and measures taken to deal with it in the Li River. 2．The passage can be divided into three parts： Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句] 1．读文章并找出陈述报道目的的句子。 答案　This report looks at the problem of water pollution and some actions that have been taken to deal with it. 2．读文章并找出体现因果关系的句子。 答案　(1)However，its reputation as a top destination has had negative effects on the river’s water quality. (2)Previously，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. (3)Many tour boats contributed to the problem too. (4)The growth in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly，as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises. (5)Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river. (6)In order to feed more people，more chemicals were used to increase crop production. (7)These chemicals led to severe water quality issues，causing a decrease in the number of fish species. 3．读文章并找出憧憬美好未来的句子。 答案　(1)With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. (2)With such campaigns in effect，China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．This report looks at the problem of water pollution(pollute) and some actions that have been taken to deal with it.(P32 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是复合句，that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词actions，不定式短语to deal with it作目的状语。 汉语翻译：本报道就是着眼于水污染问题以及已采取的一些应对措施。 2．Previously(previous)，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing(increase) volume of tourists，many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句，many of whom...river是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourists。 汉语翻译：过去，游客数量的增加使漓江的水质严重恶化，许多游客常常将垃圾抛入江中。 3．Kitchens(kitchen) on board were using lots of oil，which was often thrown into the water.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句，which引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词oil。 汉语翻译：船上厨房使用过的大量食用油经常被倒入江中。 4．The growth(grow) in tourism also meant the local population rose rapidly，as well as the number of commercial and industrial enterprises.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句，the local population rose rapidly...是省略了that的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：旅游业的增长意味着当地人口和工商企业的数量迅速增加。 5．Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken(take) to restore the river’s original beauty.(P32 Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句，and连接了两个并列谓语，felt后面的that引导宾语从句，to restore...是不定式短语作目的状语。 汉语翻译：地方官员担心水污染对自然环境的破坏，认为必须采取紧急措施以恢复漓江昔日的美丽。 6．A comprehensive initiative was started(start)，with a number of measures that addressed the issues.(P32 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是复合句，that addressed the issues是定语从句，修饰先行词measures。 汉语翻译：一个全面的治理方案启动，其中包括一系列应对该问题的措施。 7．With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved(preserve) for generations to come(come)．(P33 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是复合句，it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，作真正的主语。 汉语翻译：有了这些举措，相信漓江之美将得到保护并世代相传。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 with 复合结构 Water pollution levels increased，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.(P32 Para.2) 越来越多的生活和商业垃圾最终流入江中，加重了水污染程度。 结构分析：此句是简单句，with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river 是with复合结构，其中ending up in the river作宾补。 With such campaigns in effect，China’s waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.(P33 Para.4) 随着这些运动的开展，中国的水路正在走向洁净、可持续的未来。 结构分析：此句是简单句，With such campaigns in effect是with复合结构，其中介词短语in effect作宾补。 ·with复合结构的构成是：with＋宾语＋宾补。此结构可作定语，也可作状语，表示伴随、方式、条件、原因等。其具体构成如下： ①with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. ②with＋宾语＋动词不定式(表示动作将要发生) ③with＋宾语＋现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) ④with＋宾语＋过去分词(表示被动或动作已经完成) (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我冲上前紧紧地抱住我的老师，眼睛里含着激动的泪水。 I rushed forward and hugged my teacher tightly，with tears of excitement in my eyes. (2)有太多的工作要做，我焦虑得在床上翻来覆去，无法入睡。(读后续写之焦虑心理描写) With too much work to do，I was so anxious that I tossed and turned on the bed，unable to fall asleep. (3)我的提议得到了这么多人的支持，我眉飞色舞，精神高涨。(读后续写之喜悦心理描写) With my proposal supported by so many people/With so many people supporting my proposal，my eyebrows danced and my spirits soared. (4)门开着，出于好奇，我蹑手蹑脚地走进房间，突然一个声音从我身后传来，吓得我魂飞魄散。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) With the door open，I tiptoed into the room out of curiosity and a sudden voice behind me frightened the pants off me. 现在分词短语作结果状语 These chemicals led to severe water quality issues，causing a decrease in the number of fish species.(P32 Para.2) 这些化学物质造成了严重的水质问题，导致鱼的种类减少。 结构分析：此句是简单句，causing a decrease in the number of fish species是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。 ·现在分词短语除了在句中作结果状语外，还可充当时间、条件、原因、伴随、方式以及让步状语等。 ·动词不定式通常放在only之后作结果状语，表示一种意料之外的结果。 (1)Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry，only to be informed(inform) the game had been put off. (2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)小组学习室的课桌配备了现代化的电脑，使学生能够从互联网上获得有用的信息。 The desks in the Group Study Room are equipped with modern computers，enabling students to gain useful information from the Internet. (3)我和爸爸骑着马追逐一只可爱的兔子，完全不顾我们要去哪里。过了一会儿，我们抓住缰绳，让马停下来，却发现我们迷路了。觉察到我内心的焦虑，爸爸挤出一丝微笑，告诉我一切都会好起来的。(读后续写片段描写) Riding our horses，my father and I chased a cute rabbit，completely ignoring where we were going.After a while，we grabbed the reins and stopped our horses，only to find that we were lost.Sensing my inner anxiety，my father forced a smile，telling me that everything would be OK. 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于环境问题的报道。报道正文通常包括问题描述、问题产生的原因分析、解决问题的具体措施以及成效等。 一、引出问题常用句式 1．With...becoming more and more serious，some wild species will probably die out. 随着……变得越来越严重，一些野生物种可能会灭绝。 2．With the development of society，nowadays the issue of...is becoming increasingly severe. 随着社会的发展，现在……的问题变得越来越严重。 3．In fact，...is an incredibly severe problem the whole world is facing. 事实上，……是全世界都面临的一个非常严重的问题。 4．...are being polluted so that the environment in which animals live is destroyed. ……正在被污染，以至于动物生存的环境被破坏。 二、分析原因及结果的常用句式 1．The reason why the river is polluted is that factories send out waste water into it. 这条河被污染的原因是工厂把废水排放到河里。 2．...are sent into the air，polluting the air we breathe. ……被排放到空气中，污染了我们呼吸的空气。 3．Besides，...causes/brings about/contributes to... 此外，……导致/带来/促成…… 三、措施及效果的常用句式 1．More trees and flowers have been planted to make the environment more beautiful. 为了使环境更美丽，人们种了更多的树和花。 2．It’s time to raise people’s awareness of...and appeal to more people to... 是时候提高人们对……的认识并呼吁更多的人…… 3．Some measures should be taken to deal with... 应该采取一些措施来处理…… 4．What...has done has improved the situation a lot. ……所做的已经大大改善了情况。 5．...are forbidden to throw some rubbish into the river. ……被禁止往河里扔垃圾。 东湖曾经是一处旅游胜地，但近年来受到严重的污染。当地政府采取了一些有效措施，使得污染情况有所减轻。假设你是李华，请根据以下要点写一篇报道并呼吁社会关注此事： 1．曾经的情景(景美、水清、鱼儿嬉戏、游客多)； 2．后来的状况(工厂废水污染、游客乱扔垃圾)； 3．当地政府已经采取措施来拯救东湖，情况有所好转。 注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇　(含本单元词汇) 1．渴望……be starving for/starve for 2．垃圾garbage/waste/rubbish 3．许多；很多dozens of 4．发起运动launch campaigns 5．被罚款get fined 6．要不是；如果没有but for 7．温和的政策moderate policy 8．毫无疑问there is little/no doubt that... 9．容忍，忍受tolerate 连词成句　(含本单元句型) 1．东湖过去是个美丽的地方，水很清澈，鱼儿在里面欢快地游来游去。 East Lake used to be a beautiful place and the water was clean，in which fish swam happily. 2．来自全国的游客都渴望来参观这个湖，欣赏它的美。 Tourists from all over the nation are starving for a visit to the lake，appreciating its beauty. 3．随着数百万吨来自周围工厂的废水夜以继日地排入湖中，这个湖已经被污染得如此严重了。(with复合结构) With millions of tons of waste water from factories around poured into it day and night，the lake has been polluted so badly. 4．垃圾经常被游客扔进湖里，因此，它严重污染了湖泊。 Rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors and thus，it pollutes the lake badly. 5．当地政府再也不能容忍这种糟糕的情况了，因此已经发起了各种各样的运动宣传环保的重要性。 The local government can’t tolerate the terrible situation any longer，so it has launched various campaigns to publicize the importance of environmental protection. 6．毫无疑问，向湖里倾倒废水的工厂以及把垃圾扔进湖里的游客将被罚款。 There is no doubt that the factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined. 7．如果没有许多温和但有效的政策，这个湖不会变得越来越美丽。 If there hadn’t been dozens of moderate but effective policies，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. 第三步　句式升级 1．用现在分词短语作结果状语改写句4。 Rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors，polluting the lake badly. 2．用but for引导的虚拟语气改写句7。 But for dozens of moderate but effective policies，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 East Lake used to be a beautiful place and the water was clean，in which fish swam happily.Tourists from all over the nation are starving for a visit to the lake，appreciating its beauty. Unfortunately，with millions of tons of waste water from factories around poured into it day and night，the lake has been polluted so badly.Moreover，rubbish is often thrown into it by the visitors，polluting the lake badly. The local government can’t tolerate the terrible situation any longer，so it has launched various campaigns to publicize the importance of environmental protection.There is no doubt that the factories which pour waste water and the visitors who throw garbage into the lake will get fined.But for dozens of moderate but effective policies，the lake wouldn’t have become more and more beautiful. 训练4　Reading for Writing　[分值：52.5分] Ⅰ.完成句子(课文佳句仿写)(每小题4分，满分20分) (话题写作之环境保护) 1．随着时间的推移，环境污染是整个世界面临的一个严重问题。(with复合结构) With time going by/passing，environmental pollution is a serious problem that the whole world is faced with. 2．政府和人民一直在追求高速发展，却发现环境遭到了严重破坏。(动词不定式作结果状语) The government and people have been pursuing high-speed development，only to find that the environment has been destroyed severely. 3．例如，在过去几十年里我们一直在发展工业，造成了空气、水和土壤污染。(现在分词短语作结果状语) For example，we have been developing industry in the past decades，contributing to air，water and soil pollution. 4．毫无疑问，我们决不应该屈服于我们所面临的困难。(submit) There is no doubt that never should we submit ourselves to the difficulties we are faced with. 5．最重要的是，我们个人应该抓住每一个机会来保护环境免受进一步的污染。(seize) Most importantly，we individuals should seize every opportunity to protect the environment from being further polluted. Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分17.5分) A From finding vegetarian(素食的) dining options，to purchasing new clothing brands，to calculating your carbon footprint，these apps help you live more sustainably. Happy Cow A favorite restaurant resource for plant-based eaters，Happy Cow is the perfect way to find vegetarian dining options.Whether visiting a new place or looking for options in your own city，Happy Cow connects users with 180,000 restaurants，cafes and grocery stores that offer healthy and vegetarian eating.Users can report back on the app and let others know whether there have been recent changes to the menu. Good on You Wondering how sustainable Khloe Kardashian’s new clothing brand is? Good on You gives sustainability ratings to clothing brands for users to consult before making purchases.Their ratings are comprehensive and include three main aspects：people，planets and animals.If you don’t know where you want to shop，look through their directory to find sustainable brands based on prices and clothing items. Giki Zero This carbon-calculating app asks you a few basic questions，and then determines how many kilograms of carbon you use each year.Giki Zero will suggest steps that can lower your carbon footprint.See the impact that each step has on your carbon footprint.Keep yourself accountable to cutting your carbon footprint and completing new steps with the app’s “to-do list” function. Bikemap Navigate 11 million bike paths in 100 different countries with Bikemap.Look through bike routes to explore a new city by bike while traveling.The app has the capability of automatically rerouting when you’ve taken a wrong turn.You can pair with your smartwatch for convenient navigation. 1．Which app enables people to benefit from users’ feedback? A．Bikemap. B．Giki Zero. C．Happy Cow. D．Good on You. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Happy Cow部分的“Users can report back on the app and let others know whether there have been recent changes to the menu.”可知，Happy Cow能让人们从用户的反馈中获益，故选C。 2．What is the advantage of using Giki Zero? A．Asking you basic questions. B．Keeping track of your footprint. C．Accounting for your carbon use. D．Achieving your carbon-cutting goals. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Giki Zero部分的“Keep yourself accountable to cutting your carbon footprint and completing new steps with the app’s ‘to-do list’ function.”可知，使用Giki Zero的优点是逐步实现你的碳减排目标。故选D。 3．Who is the passage intended for? A．People preferring vegetables. B．People purchasing suitable clothes. C．People practising low-carbon travel. D．People enjoying a sustainable lifestyle. 答案　D 解析　读者对象题。根据第一段以及下文介绍的四个有助于可持续生活的应用程序的相关信息可知，本文是为享受可持续的生活方式的人写的，故选D。 B (2024·福建漳州高二下期末) Climate change and beer might be two things that rarely appear in the same sentence.But according to an article in the scientific journal Nature Plants，if the Earth gets warmer，your Friday-night drink might get pricier. The team behind the article modelled the effect of extreme events on production of barley，the main ingredient of beer.“Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production.Barley is irreplaceable in beer making，” said Xie Wei，first author of the article.“If barley production drops，beer production will also drop，and beer might get more expensive.” When global temperatures rise to their highest，global beer supply will drop 16 percent.Prices will also hike due to drop of supply.For instance，a 4.84-U.S. dollar price hike for a 500 ml bottle is projected in Ireland，almost doubling the previous price.Quality of that beer might also be affected.If barley cannot receive enough irrigation，quality of the protein and carbohydrate in its grain will drop. In fact，the effect of drought on beer production has been seen.Bloomberg reported that drought and heat caused a 30 to 40 percent drop in barley production in European barley producing regions during summer 2018，leading to a 35 percent price hike of barley in France. However，regional fluctuations(波动) in barley production are still manageable now.If production in one region fails，beer makers can make it up by importing more from other regions.But if climate change gets out of control，the impact will be global.Agriculture is incredibly vulnerable to climate change. Xie pointed out the impact of climate change is not only limited to staple crops.“We are only using barley and beer as an example of high-added-value agricultural products，” said Xie.“In countries like China，per person consumption of staple crops is dropping，but that of products such as dairy and beer is rising.” Beer，not essential for human survival，occupies a major part in culture around the world.That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过极端天气影响啤酒的价格这一例子说明气候变化对农业会产生很大的影响，并介绍了相关的研究。 4．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Extreme weather influences the price of beer. B．The more irrigation，the better quality of beer. C．It’s necessary to replace barley in beer making. D．Efforts should be made to promote beer production. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...if the Earth gets warmer，your Friday-night drink might get pricier.”以及第二段中的“Extreme weather conditions such as drought or heat will impact barley production.”及“If barley production drops，beer production will also drop，and beer might get more expensive.”可知，极端天气影响啤酒的价格。故选A。 5．Why is Bloomberg’s report mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To lead in a new topic. B．To make a comparison. C．To give a supporting example. D．To provide background information. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。第三段首句指出，干旱对啤酒生产的影响已经被看到了，彭博社的报告证明了这一点。所以后文提到彭博社的报告是为了给出一个支持的例子。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Important. B．Sensitive. C．Adaptable. D．Resistant. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“But if climate change gets out of control，the impact will be global.”以及后文“to climate change”可知，如果气候变化失去控制，其影响将是全球性的，说明农业对气候变化很敏感，牵一发而动全身。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。故选B。 7．What’s the author’s potential purpose to write the text? A．To popularize agricultural products. B．To show the importance of beer in culture. C．To draw people’s concern on climate change. D．To indicate the impact of temperature on staple crops. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That gives people yet one more reason to care more about climate change.”可推知，作者写这篇文章的潜在目的是引起人们对气候变化的关注。故选C。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) Filkin’s Drift，a band of two in the UK，has been highlighting sustainability(可持续性) in their latest tour along the coast of Wales.The tour 1 over 40 shows along the 870-mile path，which started in Flintshire on Sept.3 and 2 on Oct.31 in Chepstow. At one point，because of bad weather，the tour was 3 temporarily.When Filkin’s Drift was prepared to start touring again，they found too much of their time was spent in a car 4 in traffic jams，which wasn’t very good for the 5 ，or mental and physical health. So Bye and Roberts， 6 of the band，decided to walk their tour along the coast of Wales.They walked between stops for the rest of their tour，carrying the 7 and just enough clothing to walk and 8 each day.Along the way，they collected songs，stories，and tunes to make their performances 9 .Also，the band raised money for a charity to 10 this mission. They shared their experiences of the walking tour 11 in videos on their website blog，hoping to 12 other musicians and the music industry as a whole to approach touring in a more sustainable way.They have shown that a tour on foot is 13 ，discovering that the music industry，as well as others，could also learn to reduce the 14 for vehicles. Today，Filkin’s Drift 15 a growing number of artists and industry professionals working to spotlight sustainability and the environment in their work. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Filkin’s Drift乐队通过徒步巡演来鼓励音乐行业以及其他行业减少对车辆的需求。 1．A.completed B．planned C．canceled D．delayed 答案　A 解析　根据下文“over 40 shows”和“They shared their experiences of the walking tour”可知，这次巡演完成了40多场演出。故选A。 2．A.failed B．ended C．slowed D．closed 答案　B 解析　根据上文“started in Flintshire on Sept.3”和下文“on Oct.31 in Chepstow”可知，这次巡演于9月3日在弗林特郡开始，10月31日在切普斯托结束。故选B。 3．A.scheduled B．interrupted C．appreciated D．relocated 答案　B 解析　根据上文“because of bad weather”可知，由于天气恶劣，这次巡演暂时中断。故选B。 4．A.picked out B．taken up C．caught up D．set aside 答案　C 解析　根据下文“in traffic jams”可知，交通拥堵会困住车辆，be caught up in意为“被困在……中”。故选C。 5．A.security B．relaxation C．reputation D．environment 答案　D 解析　根据上文“too much of their time was spent in a car in traffic jams”可知，太多时间都花在堵车的汽车上对环境是不好的。故选D。 6．A.researchers B．followers C．musicians D．professors 答案　C 解析　根据下文“of the band”可知，Bye和Roberts是乐队的乐手，也就是音乐家。故选C。 7．A.instruments B．documents C．envelopes D．photographs 答案　A 解析　根据上文“Bye and Roberts， of the band”可知，Bye和Roberts是乐队的乐手，因此是带着乐器。故选A。 8．A.compete B．perform C．advertise D．conclude 答案　B 解析　根据下文“their performances”可知，他们每天都表演。故选B。 9．A.crucial B．profitable C．practical D．colorful 答案　D 解析　根据上文“they collected songs，stories，and tunes”可知，他们收集歌曲、故事和曲调来使他们的表演丰富多彩。故选D。 10．A.evaluate B．clear C．outline D．further 答案　D 解析　根据上文“the band raised money for a charity”和下文“this mission”可知，乐队给一个慈善机构筹钱是为了推进使命。故选D。 11．A.constantly B．secretly C．randomly D．differently 答案　A 解析　根据下文“hoping to other musicians and the music industry as a whole to approach touring in a more sustainable way”可知，他们不断地在他们的网站博客上用视频分享他们徒步巡演的经历。故选A。 12．A.inform B．request C．inspire D．permit 答案　C 解析　根据下文“other musicians and the music industry as a whole to approach touring in a more sustainable way”可知，他们是为了激励其他音乐家和整个音乐界以一种更可持续的方式进行巡演。故选C。 13．A.possible B．flexible C．typical D．private 答案　A 解析　根据上文“They walked between stops for the rest of their tour”可知，他们已经证明，徒步巡演是可能的。故选A。 14．A.limit B．creation C．upgrade D．need 答案　D 解析　根据上文“a tour on foot is ”可知，徒步巡演是可能的，所以可以减少对车辆的需求。故选D。 15．A.examines B．joins C．employs D．declines 答案　B 解析　根据下文“a growing number of artists and industry professionals”可知，Filkin’s Drift加入了越来越多的艺术家和行业专业人士的行列。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$