UNIT 7 Careers 培优提能练(一)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（北师大版2019）

训练4　培优提能练(一)　[分值：77.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm near Firth，Idaho.She soon saw firsthand how challenging it was for her parents，who lacked any college education，to properly manage the unpredictable earnings of farming.This started a lifelong passion for finance，and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had. Yet，such ambitions ran in obvious contrast to everything familiar to her.“I didn’t have any advisors，” Larson says.“I didn’t have anyone to look up to for a professional example.All the women I associated with were stay-at-home moms.” Despite having parents who couldn’t fully understand her ambitions，Larson went to the BYU Marriott School，where she earned a business degree and focused much of her coursework on international finance. Larson worked for seven years as a financial representative with Northwestern Mutual，advising clients on important financial decisions.Larson returned to BYU Marriott in 2008 to earn an MBA，and accepted a position in the school as an assistant professor following her graduation.For more than a decade，Larson has taught finance classes to undergraduate and MBA students.While she teaches finance，Larson tries to help her students see how mastering finance principles can also impact their personal lives. Constantly balancing motherhood and work，Larson makes adjustments to the way she teaches.She gave birth to her first three children in three years while teaching at BYU Marriott，wondering at times if labor might start while in front of a class full of students.Larson taught online classes from her dining room table while taking care of a newborn and other young children at home. As a female instructor in the often male-dominated finance industry，Larson works to inspire other women who seek a similar path to hers.Larson became the role model that she never had—the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find.Now，Larson’s children and students will always have that example. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。珍·拉尔森14岁时接管簿记工作的经历让她有了学习金融专业的想法，但是她没有人可以寻求专业的相关建议。她努力奋斗，成了自己的榜样。 1．What motivated Larson to major in finance? A．Her experience of managing accounts. B．Her strong desire for college education. C．The high expectations from her parents. D．The challenging labor on her dairy farm. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据首段“Jenn Larson was just 14 years old when she took over the bookkeeping for her family’s dairy farm...This started a lifelong passion for finance...”可知，拉尔森接管簿记工作的经历让她有了学习金融专业的想法。故选A。 2．What problem did Larson face when she decided to study finance? A．She had no one to ask for advice. B．She was unsure about the coursework. C．She was misunderstood by her neighbours. D．She was unfamiliar with everything at school. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘I didn’t have any advisors，’ Larson says.‘I didn’t have anyone to look up to for a professional example...’”可知，拉尔森决定学习金融专业时，她面临着没有人可以寻求专业的相关建议的问题。故选A。 3．Which of the following can best describe Larson? A．Brave and considerate. B．Determined and caring. C．Ambitious and gifted. D．Passionate and hard-working. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“This started a lifelong passion for finance，and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had.”可知，拉尔森热衷于金融。根据倒数第二段的“Constantly balancing motherhood and work，Larson makes adjustments to the way she teaches.”可知，拉尔森工作很努力。故选D项。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Seeking Your Interest B．Balancing Work and Family C．Becoming Your Own Role Model D．Seeking a Way to Become a Role Model 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容，尤其根据首段末句“This started a lifelong passion for finance，and it led her down an unexpected path to becoming a role model she never had.”以及末段最后两句“Larson became the role model that she never had—the example that a 14-year-old girl staring at a farming expense sheet couldn’t find.Now，Larson’s children and students will always have that example.”可知，拉尔森成了自己的榜样。C项“成为自己的榜样”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 B I recently had a conversation with a friend who was feeling very upset about work.Why? He thought his manager didn’t like him.He rarely heard much from his manager，and when his manager said something，it was about correcting some aspects of his work or giving him some constructive advice. Not surprisingly，given my friend’s understandably anxious view of these workplace dynamics(动态)，he was afraid of his annual performance evaluation.He was worried that his boss might even tell him that he wasn’t needed anymore.Accordingly，he considered looking around for another job—not because he really wanted to，as he liked the kind of work he was doing，but because he suffered from the kind of management. The evaluation day came，and to his great surprise，rather than being harshly critical，his manager told him that he was doing a fine job and gave him a promotion. The sad truth is，this kind of phenomenon is by no means unusual in the workplace.One recent survey showed that nearly half of the employees have considered leaving a job “due to lack of recognition”．Another similar study found 46 percent of the employees left a job “because they felt unappreciated”． The good news is that，in this case，the damage was repaired before it was too late—before my friend was out the door and his company began the expensive and time-consuming process of hiring a new employee.But as the research noted above shows，workplace problems related to recognition and appreciation are as common as the office air we breathe. This conforms with my personal experience; during my decades of corporate management，I saw similar appreciation issues all the time.When a job isn’t done well，nobody deserves anything，of course.But when a job is done well，if you’re an employee，it’s entirely natural to expect at least a bit of appreciation.So if you’re a manager，it’s a good idea to show some.It’s that simple. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。作者通过一个朋友的故事指出：与认可和欣赏有关的工作问题是很常见的离职原因，而作为管理者，最好在该向员工表示认可和欣赏的时候就表示一下。 5．What phenomenon does the author want to describe through his friend’s case? A．Unclear rewards and punishments. B．Unfair promotion in the workplace. C．Employee-management misunderstanding. D．Fierce competition among new employees. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。通读前三段，尤其是第一段中的“He thought his manager didn’t like him.”和第三段中的“to his great surprise，rather than being harshly critical，his manager told him that he was doing a fine job and gave him a promotion”可知，作者通过朋友的事情想要讲述的是员工管理误解这种现象。故选C。 6．What happened to the author’s friend in the end? A．His company hired a new employee. B．He continued to work for the company. C．His company simplified the evaluation process. D．He repaired the relationship with his colleagues. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中“The good news is that，in this case，the damage was repaired before it was too late—before my friend was out the door and his company began the expensive and time-consuming process of hiring a new employee.”可知，作者的朋友继续在这家公司工作。故选B。 7．What does the underlined phrase “conforms with” in the last paragraph mean? A．Agrees with. B．Separates from. C．Results from. D．Contrasts with. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“But as the research noted above shows，workplace problems related to recognition and appreciation are as common as the office air we breathe.”和下文“during my decades of corporate management，I saw similar appreciation issues all the time”可知，作者在自己数十年的企业管理生涯中见到过类似的问题，而This指代的是上文中“与认可和欣赏有关的工作问题很常见”这件事。由此可推测出，这里是说这种与认可和欣赏有关的工作问题很常见，这符合作者的个人经历，conform with意为“与……相符”，与agree with意思相近。故选A。 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．Defend Employees’ Rights B．A friend’s Unforgettable Experience C．Acknowledge Employees’ Work D．Misunderstanding Between Employees 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者通过一个朋友的事情引入话题，建议管理者向员工的工作表达一些欣赏和认可。由此可知，C项“认可员工的工作”符合题意。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) There is fierce debate about the best city and the most desirable county to settle down in Texas.No doubt Montgomery County is one of the state’s top competitors. 1 There are several thriving(蓬勃发展的) industries.Employment opportunities matter and Montgomery County has some thriving industries that are always looking for some new employees. 2 Besides，Prist Aerospace is one of the area’s biggest employers.You can also work in the aerospace industry. 3 Many point to the Cozy Grape Wine Bar and Bistro as being one of the best places to try some local dishes.The Walden Yacht Club has its admirers，but perhaps The Big Sombrero is the best-loved restaurant in the entire county. You’ll find nearby wildlife.You’re close to the Highlands，where you can see animal species. 4 You can visit John Burge Park at Shadow Lake.You’ll find towering，shady trees，pleasant hiking trails and picnic areas. It has the feel of a small town.When you move to Montgomery County，you’re very close to Houston.You can go shopping there or catch a Rockets or Astros game any time you like.At the same time，there’s a decidedly small-town feel to the place. 5 So your kids can get lots of individual attention. A．There’s absolutely amazing food. B．Conditions vary from school to school. C．You may get into the healthcare industries. D．There’s a new restaurant opening up in the county. E．The community is close-knit，and there are small-sized classes. F．The following are several reasons why it is such a pleasant place. G．You’re also surrounded by incredible natural beauty in Montgomery County. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是蒙哥马利县在得克萨斯州最好的城市和最宜居的县的争论中，成为最具竞争者的原因。 1．答案　F 解析　根据空前内容可知，蒙哥马利县是最具竞争力的县，而下文“There are several thriving(蓬勃发展的) industries.”介绍了蒙哥马利县的优势，此空处应承上启下，F选项“The following are several reasons why it is such a pleasant place.”中的it指的是空前的蒙哥马利县，同时引出下文中蒙哥马利县成为最具竞争力的县的原因。故选F项。 2．答案　C 解析　根据空前内容可知，蒙哥马利县有很多的就业机会，由空后内容可知，你也可以在航空航天工业工作，下文中的Besides以及also为关键信息，C选项“You may get into the healthcare industries.”与空后的内容一致，且与本段的主题吻合。故选C项。 3．答案　A 解析　分析语篇可知，此空应为本段的主题句，根据空后内容可知，本段讲述的内容与饮食相关，A选项“There’s absolutely amazing food.”概括了本段的内容，符合本段主题。故选A项。 4．答案　G 解析　根据空前的主题句以及空后可知，本段讲述的内容与自然风景相关，G选项“You’re also surrounded by incredible natural beauty in Montgomery County.”与本段主题一致，其中的also与空前内容衔接。故选G项。 5．答案　E 解析　根据空后内容可知，此空处与空后的内容为因果关系，E选项“The community is close-knit，and there are small-sized classes.”与空后的内容构成因果关系，逻辑合理。故选E项。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) Social media has made it very easy to change your appearance using filters(滤镜)．They may come in 1 when you desperately need to record a video but not in a good state.But there has been a lot of talk around the 2 of filters and unrealistic expectations 3 on women. One woman has taken the responsibility to 4 the filters to prove that，while she is beautiful，her face doesn’t 5 look the way it does with the filter on.Katia starts off the 20-second video clip using the infamous Bold Glamour filter.It’s the filter that has people questioning their 6 of their own faces because the contrast is so 7 .But Katia doesn’t 8 with one filter.She puts on another and makes sure she emphasizes the use of a ring light.After turning the ring light and the filters off，the woman 9 her make-up，revealing an inflamed and imperfect face. People flocked to the 10 to thank her for exposing the truth behind filters.“You’re beautiful and this message is so important.Thanks for the 11 ，” one person wrote.“In real life，we all have 12 .As a mature woman，I appreciate your 13 ，” another said. Social media can really do harm to people’s self-esteem，especially when they’re 14 themselves to something that’s not real.Messages like the one Katia shared can help pull back the 15 on the reality of social media. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。社交媒体滤镜让改变外貌变得轻而易举，但也带来了负面影响。 1．A.needy B．handy C．fashionable D．surprising 答案　B 解析　needy贫困的；handy有用的，方便的。根据上文“Social media has made it very easy to change your appearance using filters”可知，当你迫切需要录制视频却状态不佳时，可以轻易改变你的外表的滤镜就能派上用场；come in handy“派上用场”。故选B项。 2．A.use B．fix C．production D．appearance 答案　A 解析　use使用；fix解决方法；production生产；appearance外观。上文提到人们用滤镜来改变外貌的现象，所以有很多关于滤镜“使用”的讨论。故选A项。 3．A.placed B．forced C．showed D．looked 答案　A 解析　place以某种态度对待(或看待)。根据下文“It’s the filter that has people questioning their of their own faces because the contrast is so .”可知，滤镜能令人质疑自己，可推知此处指会让人们对女性的容貌产生不切实际的期望。故选A项。 4．A.pull off B．put off C．peel off D．come off 答案　C 解析　pull off靠边停车；put off推迟；peel off剥去，揭掉；come off脱落。根据下文“After turning the ring light and the filters off，the woman her make-up，revealing an inflamed and imperfect face.”可知，她关掉了滤镜，揭下滤镜带来的光环，展示了真实的自己，虽然她很美，但她的脸实际上不是滤镜下的样子。故选C项。 5．A.sharply B．sincerely C．eventually D．actually 答案　D 解析　根据下文“After turning the ring light and the filters off，the woman her make-up，revealing an inflamed and imperfect face.”可知，她关掉了滤镜，揭下滤镜带来的光环，展示了真实的自己，虽然她很美，但她的脸实际上不是滤镜下的样子。故选D项。 6．A.perception B．attention C．recognition D．attraction 答案　A 解析　perception感知；attention注意；recognition识别；attraction吸引。去掉滤镜后的脸与真实的脸不一样了，所以会让人们怀疑对自己脸的感知。故选A项。 7．A.unknown B．unfamiliar C．uncertain D．unpleasant 答案　D 解析　去掉滤镜后的脸与真实的脸不一样了，产生的对比会令人不快。故选D。 8．A.experiment B．continue C．agree D．stop 答案　D 解析　根据下文“She puts on another”可知，Katia还用了其他滤镜做演示，并没有止于一种。故选D项。 9．A.wears B．applies C．removes D．hates 答案　C 解析　wear穿着；apply应用；remove移除；hate讨厌。根据下文“her make-up”和“revealing an inflamed and imperfect face”可知，Katia卸妆，露出真实的脸。故选C项。 10．A.flats B．comments C．spots D．faces 答案　B 解析　flat公寓；comment评论；spot地点。下文都是人们的评论。故选B项。 11．A.article B．reminder C．costume D．poster 答案　B 解析　article文章；reminder提醒人的事物；costume服装；poster海报。根据上文“this message is so important”可知，评论者认为Katia传递了重要信息，让自己看到真相，是一种提醒。故选B项。 12．A.beauties B．imperfections C．questions D．suggestions 答案　B 解析　beauty优点；imperfection不完美；question问题；suggestion建议。根据上文“After turning the ring light and the filters off，the woman her make-up，revealing an inflamed and imperfect face.”可知，Katia展示了真实世界中的不完美。故选B项。 13．A.effort B．interest C．skill D．honesty 答案　D 解析　上文提到Katia关滤镜、卸妆，展示了不完美的自己，这是一种诚实。故选D项。 14．A.comparing B．addicting C．putting D．throwing 答案　A 解析　compare比较；addict使上瘾；put放置；throw扔。根据上文“do harm to people’s self-esteem”和下文“to something that’s not real”可推知，把自己和滤镜后不真实的形象进行比较，会让人感到自卑，伤害自尊。故选A项。 15．A.wall B．board C．curtain D．floor 答案　C 解析　curtain帷幕，遮蔽物。根据上文可知，Katia通过勇敢展示真实的自己，揭开了社交媒体的帷幕，让人们看清了现实；pull back the curtain指拉开窗帘或帷幕，揭示事物真相或被隐藏的部分。故选C项。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) Each city has its own unique cultural symbol，a mark 1. (break) the similarity of cities.The 2. (significance) cultural symbols such as Hangzhou’s West Lake and Suzhou’s gardens have helped form strong cultural confidence. Qinhuangdao is focusing on fashion tourism.A first-class international tourist city needs world tourist attractions，and Qinhuangdao seems 3. (have) some.The Great Wall is world-class，and so 4. (be) the Beidaihe wetlands. Qinhuangdao has successfully transferred the world’s unique cultural symbol，The Classic of Mountains and Seas，into the city’s cultural 5. (develop)．Qinhuangdao is the only city in China 6. (name) after an emperor’s imperial name.The West Port of Qinhuangdao is near the legendary place where Qin Shi Huang 7. (seek) immortality(永生) into the sea.At the West Port cruise terminal，the 350-meter-long giant mural The Illustrations of Mountains and Seas reaches far away by the waves of the Bohai Sea.It is presenting the ancient wonder of the book which is rich 8. myths and legends to foreign visitors and sending Eastern culture and philosophical thoughts to a wider stage. A distinctive and unique city cultural symbol can improve recognition and identity,9. will help to enhance the city’s attractiveness.With a cultural symbol，there is cultural confidence，and it is 10. deepest power a city has. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。城市文化符号增强文化自信，本文主要介绍了秦皇岛怎样增强文化自信。 1．答案　breaking 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是现在分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句which breaks the similarity of cities，修饰mark，mark与break之间是逻辑上的主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填breaking。 2．答案　significant 解析　考查形容词。 此处表示“重要的文化符号”，需要形容词significant作定语修饰后面的名词symbols。故填significant。 3．答案　to have 解析　考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth为固定短语，表示“似乎做某事”。故填to have。 4．答案　are 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是“so＋系动词＋主语”的结构，主语是the Beidaihe wetlands，表示复数概念，根据前面的谓语动词needs，seems，is可知，此处用一般现在时。故填are。 5．答案　development 解析　考查名词。根据空前面的名词所有格city’s及形容词cultural可知，此处需要名词。故填development。 6．答案　named 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词city，city与name之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，需填name的过去分词形式。故填named。 7．答案　sought 解析　考查动词时态。“秦始皇求仙入海”是描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时。seek的过去式是sought。故填sought。 8．答案　in 解析　考查介词。be rich in...为固定短语，表示“富含……”。故填in。 9．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。形容词最高级前面应加定冠词the。故填the。 Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分) 假设你是李华，即将高中毕业，对如何选择大学专业比较困惑，请给曾经做过职业生涯规划师的前外教 Mr Joyce 写封信，介绍你本人在学习、个性等方面的长处以及你的职业愿景，并请他为你在选择大学专业方面提出一些建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Mr Joyce， I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 参考范文 Dear Mr Joyce， I am Li Hua.I will graduate from high school soon，yet I am quite confused about what I should choose to major in the university.Since you once worked as a career planner，I am writing to consult you，hoping to get some valuable advice with regard to major application. I am good at mathematics and physics.Besides，my interest also goes to music，and I have been active in the school’s orchestra.As for my job in the future，I want to be a scientist who will help make the world a better place. I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$