UNIT 7 Careers 培优提能练(二)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第三册教师用书（北师大版2019）

训练8　培优提能练(二)　[分值：87.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A I worked as a waitress at a bar inside an upscale health-food grocery store(it’s a real thing，I promise)． Most of our customers were well-off retirees.Generally a nice group of customers，but definitely rich uptight people.Forgetting to bring salt to some might be a huge offense but automatically bringing it causes others to give you a lecture about sodium(钠) intake. It was St.Patrick’s Day.Needless to say，it was a crazy evening with me rushing around serving corned beef and cabbage pouring Guinness.For some reason，the bar supervisor always liked to have food specials on display for people to see.While I got the concept，it generally just caused us to get mean looks when we told people they probably shouldn’t eat it. As the night was beginning to slow down，I had an older couple sit at the only open seats—next to our food displays.I was clearing tables and leaned over to let them know I’d be right with them when a plate slid off the mountain of dishes I was carrying，dropping right into the food display.The 12-hour-old gravy and potatoes somehow still had some fluidity to them and flew up，then dropped—right into the man’s lap. I was horrified and apologizing profusely(不停地) while trying to set down the mountain of dishes. The man looked up at me and said，“I just have one thing to tell you.” He slowly leaned in—at which point I was thinking he was about to spit in my face—and he said，“I don’t have to hiccup(打嗝) anymore.You scared it away.” It was the laugh I needed that night and he wouldn’t even let me give him a free beer as an apology. 1．What’s the purpose of writing paragraph 2? A．To tell senior citizens prefer food low in salt. B．To show the service was a hard balancing act. C．To complain the customers are difficult to deal with. D．To prove the rich retirees are particular about food. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Forgetting to bring salt to some might be a huge offense but automatically bringing it causes others to give you a lecture about sodium(钠) intake.”可知，作者的客户要求很高以至于作者很难拿捏服务的轻重。故作者写第二段是为了表明服务是一种难以平衡的行为。故选B。 2．What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A．Customers might want to eat the food on show. B．The author was not working busily on that day. C．The author approved of laying out the food specials. D．Waiters and waitresses were often looked down on. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“While I got the concept，it generally just caused us to get mean looks when we told people they probably shouldn’t eat it.”可推断，顾客可能会想吃陈列的食物。故选A。 3．Why did the author apologize? A．For her tolerance. B．For her ignorance. C．For her carelessness. D．For her misunderstanding. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，作者道歉是因为她的粗心大意。故选C。 4．What idea does the author mainly convey by sharing her experience? A．You should compromise sometimes. B．Conflicts are well-resolved by laugh. C．You should apologize when necessary. D．Forgiveness can bring pleasure in life. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“It was the laugh I needed that night and he wouldn’t even let me give him a free beer as an apology.”可知，顾客的玩笑化解了作者尴尬的局面。因此，作者通过分享她的经历是为了表明宽恕能给生活带来快乐。故选D。 B People have been curious for centuries about a future without work.Some imagine that the coining work-free world will be defined by inequality：A few people will own all the wealth，and the masses will struggle in a wasteland.A different prediction holds that without jobs to give their lives meaning，people will simply become lazy and depressed.But it doesn’t necessarily follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with dissatisfaction.Such visions(想象) are based on the downsides of being unemployed in a society built on the downsides of employment.In the absence of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could provide strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. These days，spare time is relatively rare for most workers.“When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel tired，” says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby with the enthusiasm usually reserved for professional matters. Daniel Everett，an anthropologist(人类学家) at Bentley University，studied a group of hunter-gatherers in the Amazon called the Piraha(毗拉哈人) for years.According to Everett，while some might consider hunting and gathering work，hunter-gatherers don’t.“They think of it as fun，” he says.“They don’t have a concept of work the way we do.” Everett described a typical day for the Piraha：A man might get up，spend a few hours fishing，have a barbecue，and play until the evening. Does this relaxing life lead to the depression and purposelessness seen among so many of today’s unemployed? “I’ve never seen anything like depression there，except people who are physically ill，” Everett says.While many may consider work a staple(主要部分) of human life，work as it exists today is a relatively new invention in the course of thousands of years of human culture.“We think it’s bad to just sit around with nothing to do，” says Everett.“For the Piraha，it’s quite a desirable state.” 语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章设想了一种没有工作的世界，有人对它是消极的看法，有人认为这是一种舒服的状态。 5．What does the underlined word “downsides” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Risks. B．Reasons. C．Challenges. D．Disadvantages. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“But it doesn’t necessarily follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with dissatisfaction.”可知，这种观点是基于建立在就业不利方面的社会中失业的缺点。故画线词“downsides”意为“缺点”。故选D。 6．What might John Danaher agree with? A．Work is the most important thing in life. B．People don’t know how to balance work and life. C．People may live an easy life in the work-free future. D．Higher unemployment makes life tougher for workers. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”可知，John Danaher会同意“在没有工作的未来，人们可能过着安逸的生活”这个说法。故选C。 7．Why is Daniel Everett’s study mentioned? A．To prove John Danaher’s opinion. B．To show a future life without work. C．To compare different opinions on work. D．To introduce a special group in the Amazon. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第三段内容可推知，提到Daniel的研究就是为了佐证John的看法。故选A。 8．What can we infer from the text? A．In a work-free world，inequality may no longer exist. B．Unemployment is the main reason for people’s depression. C．The Piraha in the Amazon take interest in hunting and gathering. D．Only professional people can have a chance to lead a work-free life. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“According to Everett，while some might consider hunting and gathering work，hunter-gatherers don’t.‘They think of it as fun，’ he says.”可知，亚马孙地区的毗拉哈人对狩猎和采集很感兴趣。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·河北邢台高二上期末) Starting a new job can be stressful，and doing so when you work fully from home can bring added challenges. 1 . Get to know your colleagues Not sitting beside your colleagues can feel like a barrier to connect remotely.Attend any online training or other meetings that your team holds，even if they are optional. 2 .And it will also help you build trust and your own reputation.You may well find you click with certain colleagues. Communicate with confidence “ 3 ，” says confidence coach Gemma Holmes.“I always encourage my clients to talk into their webcam(网络摄像头) as if the camera is the eyes of their audience.” It’s best not to stare down the camera lens(镜头) constantly，as this can feel uncomfortable or unnatural.Gemma suggests using sentence patterns like “I am competent in my new role” to boost your confidence. Understand your workplace Working remotely can mean it takes a little longer to know about how people like to work.See if your organization provides things like diagrams that show the team’s structure.You can start and maintain conversations with your line manager and other team members. 4 .For example，you will be less likely to interrupt them if they keep 12 pm to 2 pm as a time to go through emails. 　5　 Introduce simple techniques like going for a walk，listening to music to achieve this，and making time to meet with friends after work can all help，too.When you’re in a better mindset overall，you’ll be in the best position to settle into your new venture. A．Keep in a good mood B．Eye contact is still relevant C．Pay attention to their immediate responses D．This will surely help you get to know others E．This will definitely contribute to your better mindset F．You can adjust yourself to settling into a remote role，though G．Understanding how they like to work will help not just you but them 1．答案　F 解析　根据上文“Starting a new job can be stressful，and doing so when you work fully from home can bring added challenges.”并结合下文主要介绍了一些开展远程工作的方法，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出可以适应。故F选项“不过，你可以调整自己，适应一个远程的角色”符合语境，故选F。 2．答案　D 解析　根据标题“Get to know your colleagues”和上文“Not sitting beside your colleagues can feel like a barrier to connect remotely.Attend any online training or other meetings that your team holds，even if they are optional.”可知，本句应承接上文，说明参加在线培训或会议的好处，故D选项“这无疑会帮助你了解别人”符合语境，故选D。 3．答案　B 解析　下文“I always encourage my clients to talk into their webcam(网络摄像头) as if the camera is the eyes of their audience.”提到把网络摄像头当作眼睛，这说明强调眼神交流的重要性，故B选项“目光接触仍然很重要”符合语境，故选B。 4．答案　G 解析　根据下文可知，下文的例子表明了解别人的工作方式可以避免打扰到别人，对他人也有好处。故G选项“了解他们喜欢的工作方式不仅对你有帮助，对他们也有帮助”符合语境，故选G。 5．答案　A 解析　下文“Introduce simple techniques like going for a walk，listening to music to achieve this，and making time to meet with friends after work can all help，too.”提到了要让整体心态更好，即本段的主旨是保持好心情，故A选项“保持好心情”符合语境，故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分) Caring 17-year-old，Lauren Schroeder，was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.When she was just 14，she volunteered at a local 1 to help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food.She felt something was missing：fresh vegetables.“I thought it would be great to 2 that，” Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and 3 homegrown produce. This 4 teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm.Initially，while proud of her daughter’s 5 ，Lauren’s mother，Katie，admitted to some 6 ，wondering how much work this would mean. Coming from a farming family，Lauren had some 7 with agriculture，but she had never tried growing 8 at scale(规模)．She 9 plants online，checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop.She then secured a 10 from the National FFA Organization，which supports 11 education，to cover seeds(种子) and gardening supplies. And importantly，Lauren didn’t 12 from hard work.During Iowa’s hot and dry summers，she had to 13 her crops for around three hours daily.She also 14 checked for harmful insects，and bent down to pick her green bean crop，the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion. With assistance from her family，Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.She has also won the 15 of her community. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个17岁的女孩Lauren Schroeder如何受到启发，决定帮助她所在社区的需要帮助的家庭获得健康食品的故事。 1．A.factory B．school C．shelter D．shop 答案　C 解析　根据上文的“she volunteered”以及空后的“help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food”可推测，Lauren是在当地收容所做志愿者。故选C。 2．A.examine B．tolerate C．discover D．change 答案　D 解析　根据上文“She felt something was missing：fresh vegetables.”可知，Lauren觉得食品中缺少新鲜的蔬菜。而根据段首句“Caring 17-year-old，Lauren Schroeder，was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”可知，她想改变这一状况。故选D。 3．A.donate B．promote C．purchase D．process 答案　A 解析　根据最后一段中“With assistance from her family，Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”可知，Lauren种植蔬菜是为了捐赠给当地有需要的人家。故选A。 4．A.honey-mouthed B．kind-hearted C．good-mannered D．open-minded 答案　B 解析　根据上文“Caring 17-year-old，Lauren Schroeder，was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”以及“Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and homegrown produce.”可知，Lauren是个热心肠的女孩。故选B。 5．A.reputation B．hobby C．vision D．agenda 答案　C 解析　根据上文“This teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm.”可知，Lauren将自己的想法告知了父母，由此可知，她的妈妈是为自己女儿的想法感到骄傲。故选C。 6．A.mistakes B．truths C．regrets D．concerns 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“wondering how much work this would mean”可知，Katie对女儿的想法也感到担心，因为她不知道这意味着要做多少工作。故选D。 7．A.familiarity B．difficulty C．doubt D．patience 答案　A 解析　根据空前的“Coming from a farming family”可知，Lauren来自农民家庭，由此可知，她对农业还是有点熟悉的。故选A。 8．A.fruits B．vegetables C．grains D．trees 答案　B 解析　根据上文的fresh vegetables可判断，Lauren并未大规模种植过蔬菜。故选B。 9．A.mentioned B．shared C．ranked D．researched 答案　D 解析　根据空后的“checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop”可推测，她是在网上研究如何种植农作物。故选D。 10．A.title B．place C．fund D．plan 答案　C 解析　根据下文的“to cover seeds(种子) and gardening supplies”可知，她从该组织获得资金，用来购买种子和园艺用品。故选C。 11．A.agricultural B．cultural C．environmental D．special 答案　A 解析　根据上文的“the National FFA Organization”以及空后的“to cover seeds(种子) and gardening supplies”可判断，该组织支持农业教育。故选A。 12．A.fall off B．set apart C．shy away D．go back 答案　C 解析　根据下文内容“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers...the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.”可知，Lauren凡事都亲力亲为，由此可知，她从未回避艰苦的工作。故选C。 13．A.gather B．water C．observe D．plant 答案　B 解析　根据空前的“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers”以及常识可知，在炎热干燥的夏季，她需要给庄稼浇水。故选B。 14．A.frequently B．impatiently C．occasionally D．leisurely 答案　A 解析　根据下文“the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion”可知，这项工作最具有挑战性，由此可知，她需要频繁地检查有害昆虫，采摘绿豆作物。故选A。 15．A.interest B．admiration C．welfare D．competition 答案　B 解析　根据空前的“With assistance from her family，Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”以及全文内容可知，她的善举赢得了社区人们的钦佩。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5 分，满分 15 分) Draw Inspiration from Passion For many people，the perfect career would be one 1. they do what they love to make a living.But in reality，not many have either the luck or the luxury to do so，given 2. (finance) concerns and other considerations.Cartoonist Lian Zongbo is fully aware 3. the pitfalls(困难)，but decided to chase his dream anyway. After six years of hard work in the industry，Lian was becoming tired of life.“I’d struggled for quite some time at my company.Most of my work was childish.Therefore，I planned to do something I was really into，” the 36-year-old says.In 2016，he had the idea of 4. (combine) his two interests of basketball and drawing.Lian started drawing 5. (illustrate) based on the NBA and shared them on social media platforms，but little feedback 6. (initial) dampened his enthusiasm.“I would tag many big sports accounts，and it seemed fruitless，which motivated me to try 7. (hard)，because I was too proud 8. (admit) failure，” he said，jokingly. In January 2017，about a year after he started，he 9. (receive) the message on his social media account that would change his life forever.Sent by Conscious Basketball,10. team of artists based in the United States that produces art related to the sport，the message invited Lian to display his work at art shows in the US. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了漫画家Lian Zongbo早年在现实的压力下放弃了自己的梦想，后来重拾梦想，从自己喜爱的篮球和绘画中汲取灵感，将这两大兴趣结合起来，开始以NBA为基础绘制漫画，经过努力获得成功。 1．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“ they do what they love to make a living”为限制性定语从句修饰先行词one(one指代句中的career)；设空处引导定语从句，先行词one在从句中作地点状语，从句用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．答案　financial 解析　考查形容词。由句子结构和句意可知，设空处作定语，修饰名词复数concerns，表示“财务的”，应用形容词financial。故填financial。 3．答案　of 解析　考查介词。固定短语be aware of“知道；意识到”符合句意，故填of。 4．答案　combining 解析　考查动名词。“ (combine) his two interests of basketball and drawing”作介词of的宾语，设空处应填动词combine的动名词combining。故填combining。 5．答案　illustrations 解析　考查名词及其复数。设空处作draw的宾语，名词illustration“插图”符合句意，且illustration为可数名词，由下文的them可知，设空处表复数概念，故填illustrations。 6．答案　initially 解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词dampen，作状语，应用副词initially，表示“起初”。故填initially。 7．答案　harder 解析　考查比较级。根据上文“I would tag many big sports accounts，and it seemed fruitless”以及空前的“motivated me to try”可知，此处表示“似乎没有结果让我更加努力”，设空处应填副词hard的比较级。故填harder。 8．答案　to admit 解析　考查不定式。根据句意“太骄傲了，不愿承认失败”可知此处为too...to...结构，意为“太……而不……”，设空处应填不定式to admit。故填to admit。 9．答案　received 解析　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据时间状语“about a year after he started”可知此句陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态，设空处填动词receive的过去式received。故填received。 10．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。team为可数名词，句中表达“一个艺术家团队”，表泛指，设空处填不定冠词，空后team的发音以辅音音素开头，设空处应填不定冠词a。故填a。 Ⅴ.读后续写微练(满分25分) Jenny，a ten-year-old girl，lived with her poor single mother，Annika，who worked as a cleaner.One day，her mom came home and said her arthritis(关节炎) was getting worse.“It has been getting harder for me to clean the streets the whole day，sweetheart，” her mom said. “Do you need to go to the doctor，Mom？” Jenny asked.Annika shook her head and simply replied she couldn’t work as much as she used to.“I’ll make less money.We’ll need to save money，” Annika added. Jenny realized her mother needed her help.She thought about going to work with her mom so they could sweep the same number of streets as before，or even more.Jenny also thought，“Then，my mom will have enough money to go to the doctor.” She told Annika her idea.But Annika disagreed and explained，“You should study hard at school，Jenny.” Jenny agreed and continued with school. A few days later，however，Annika realized she couldn’t deal with her work on her own and allowed Jenny to help her after school every day.Jenny nodded right away and helped her mom sweep streets. To pass the time，Jenny would sing the songs of her favorite singer while sweeping.Jenny loved the singer，but didn’t know a lot about her.Actually，the singer was a very kind person.If she knew someone needed help，she’d give a helping hand. One afternoon，some of Jenny’s classmates saw her sweeping the street.They began making fun of her，with words like “Your mother is a cleaner，and you’re a cleaner，too！” Jenny paid no attention to them，and continued to sing her favorite song while sweeping. Her classmates then took photos and videos of Jenny and posted them online.“Our classmate is a street sweeper！” they wrote in their post.While they expected others to laugh at Jenny，they were surprised at what happened afterwards. 范文补全 Many people shared Jenny’s story，writing words of support and raising money for her.1.The story spread rapidly on the Internet (这个故事在网络上迅速传播开来) and Jenny’s favorite singer heard about it.2. Deeply touched，the singer secretly offered money to help cover Jenny’s mother’s treatment and their daily expenses(这位歌手深受感动，悄悄地捐钱帮助珍妮的妈妈的治疗和她们的日常开销)．While Annika was being treated，Jenny still helped sweep streets.However，some classmates didn’t stop laughing at her.One day，while Jenny was sweeping streets and some kids were joking，a pretty car stopped near them.A beautiful woman stepped out.It was that singer. Jenny was surprised when seeing her favorite singer walking to her.“Sweetheart，I’ve known your story，” the singer said.3.Having hugged Jenny，the singer praised her for her spirits and comforted her with words(拥抱了珍妮后，那名歌手称赞了她的高尚品质并安慰她说)，“I’ll continue supporting you and your mom.” Then，she gave Jenny some tickets and invited her to her future concerts.4.After this incident，Jenny’s classmates felt ashamed and realized their wrong behavior(这件事之后，珍妮的同学感到羞愧并意识到了他们的错误行为)．They never laughed at Jenny again.After a period of time，Annika recovered from her disease.5.Since then，Jenny and her mother have lived an easy life(从那之后，珍妮和妈妈过上了轻松的生活)． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$