内容正文:
英语
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新考法&任务型阅读技巧点拨
二、任务型阅读技巧点拨
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考情概览
分析安徽近10年中考真题可知:
1.话题:教育引导(10年4考)、寓言故事(10年3考)、事物介绍
(10年2考)、人物经历(2024)。
2.文体:除2016、2019年为说明文,其余均为记叙文。
3.词数:180~240
4.题数:3小题,各小题答案均限定词数(要求不超过5、10或15词)
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5.考查方式:涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、开放性试题。2015~2022年,以
细节理解题为主,答案可从文章中直接找到相应内容;2023年第75题改为开
放性设问,要求学生用自己的话概括文章的主旨大意;2024年第75题改为推
理判断题,要求学生根据题干中所给的关键词,揣摩作者的写作意图及文章
传达的思想感情,学生需在理解文章思想情感的基础上,结合文章细节进行
归纳总结。由上可知,任务型阅读的设题角度逐渐多元化,难度也逐渐提升,
更加考查学生对文章的综合理解及对语言综合运用方面的能力。
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解题技巧突破
考法1 细节理解题(必考:每年1~3道)
考法解读
细节理解题是针对文章中某事物的具体叙述发问。此类试题通常可在
原文中直接找到答案,常用以who,what,where,when等疑问词引导的
特殊疑问句提问。分析安徽近10年真题可知,该考法共有两种类型:
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类型1 直接信息题(每年2~3道)
考法解读
直接信息题通常针对文中的某个句子,从人物动作、思想感情、事件
的起因、发展、过程和结果等方面来命题,并且通常题目顺序和文章的段
落顺序是一致的。
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典例剖析(2023安徽阅读F)
When I was in Grade Three, I watched a video about the
findings of ancient ruins(遗迹). It interested me so much that from
that moment I knew what I wanted to do with my life.
Today, I’m very lucky to work as an archaeologist(考古学家).
It’s exciting work. Holding a piece of history is really fantastic.
…
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73.What made the writer want to be an archaeologist?(不超过10个词)
A video about the findings of ancient ruins.
【剖析】本题的题眼为“an archaeologist”。根据文章中的“I watched a
video about the findings of ancient ruins(遗迹).”和“It interested me
so much that from that moment I knew what I wanted to do with
my life.”可知,作者因为一个关于历史遗迹的视频对考古学家这一职业产
生了兴趣。故答案为A video about the findings of ancient ruins.
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解题技巧
1.阅读小题题干,从题干中找出题眼;
2.回到文章,利用跳读查找法,在原文中寻找相关的语句;
3.将题干与文章内容进行对照,找出正确答案;
4.将答案带回原文中,从词数、时态等方面进行检查。
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类型2 主旨大意题(10年6考)
考法解读
主旨大意题通常针对文章的主旨大意设问,答案一般为短文末段中对
文章中心思想进行概括的总结性句子。常见的提问方式为:What can we
learn from the story?(10年2考)/What does the story tell us?(2017.90)
/What did the writer realize at the end of the story?(2018.90) /…考生
在解答此类试题时,应重点关注文章最后一段,找到揭示文章主旨大意的
关键句,再综合考虑词数、人称和时态等因素,确定最终答案。
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典例剖析(2017安徽阅读E)
There was once an old and deep well. People got water by dropping
a bucket(木桶) tied to a rope. The rope passed over a wheel just
above the well. On the other side of the rope was another bucket.
…
Boys and girls sometimes talk like these two buckets. You may hear
one of them say, “Just as we are having a good game, we are made
to stop and go to work again.” “Yes,” the other will reply, “but as
soon as work is over, we always get to go out and have fun again.”
There are two ways of looking at things. If you want to be happy,
look at the bright side.
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90.What does the story tell us?(不超过15个词)
If we want to be happy, we should look at the bright side
of things.
【剖析】通读文章内容可知,文章是一篇通过讲述两个木桶看待问题
心态的不同,告诉我们要积极看待问题的故事。根据最后一段中的“If
you want to be happy, look at the bright side.”可知,本文的主旨是:
要看到事物积极的一面。故答案为If we want to be happy, we should
look at the bright side of things.
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考法2 推理判断题(2024.75)
推理判断题为2024年新增考查角度,要求考生在理解文章内容的基础
上,根据文章中的细节信息,通过逻辑推理,得到需要的答案。
考法解读
此类试题要求考生在短文中找到题干中的关键细节,并且通过归纳整
理得出答案。考生在解答此类问题时,首先要理解全文,在文中找到相应
的信息;再对这些信息进行梳理,得出答案。
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典例剖析(2024安徽阅读F)
…We would wait for more family members to come before eating
together at the table, my grandma’s dinner table.
…Every time I sit at the dinner table,my grandma’s dinner
table,. .I look around and find so many people who truly love me…
…It’s not about the dinners or activities. It’s about family, a group
of people who care about each other. All the memories(记忆)
around my grandma’s dinner table will last forever.
…
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75.Why is “my grandma’s dinner table” mentioned several times in the
text?(不超过10个词)
Because it is the place of family love.
【剖析】题眼为“my grandma’s dinner table”。通读文章可知,该短语
在第一至三段中均出现。根据第二段中的“I look around and find so
many people who truly love me”和第三段中的“It’s about family, a
group of people who care about each other.”可知,本文通过作者对在
奶奶家聚餐的态度变化,体会到家人之间的感情,可推知多次出现这个短
语是为了表现家人之间的爱。故答案为Because it is the place of family
love.
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解题技巧
1.阅读各小题题干,从题干中找出“题眼”;
2.在文章中寻找“题眼”对应的内容,进行标记;
3.根据标记的内容,梳理归纳题目的答案;
4.将答案带回原文中进行检验。
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考法3 开放性设问(2023.75)
考法解读
开放性设问为2023年的新增考查角度。此类试题要求学生在理解文章
内容的基础上,归纳文章的主旨大意,并用自己的话归纳。在解答该类题
目时,学生应整体阅读文章,把握文章的主旨大意;在此基础上,根据空
处与前文的关系,填写恰当的答案;在写出答案后,需要从词数、语法等
角度,对答案进行检查。
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典例剖析(2023安徽阅读F)
…
…All these words really got me down, but I chose to follow my
heart and move on.
…
As you can see, so many noes didn’t beat me. Instead, they
made me stronger and helped me grow. For anyone thinking of a dream
job, I would say: ______________________
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75.What would the writer say at the end of the text?(不超过10个词)
Just listen to your heart./You can do what you really want./…
【剖析】根据上文中的“I chose to follow my heart and move on”和
“they made me stronger and helped me grow”可知,空处应填与“坚持
自己想法”相关的句子。故答案为Just listen to your heart./You can do
what you really want./…
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