精品解析：2021年上海高考英语试卷（秋考）（网络收集版）

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷2021年6月听力部分现在开始。One listening comprehension section a directions. In section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said, the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation in a question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. One seems like i'm running a fever. Don't worry, i'll give you a blood test. First question. what is most probably the woman's job? Two, are you checking out some colleges? East lake college is a pretty neat school. but they don't offer many majors . questioning, what does the man imply? Three, I was fired. I thought my work had been valued by the company. Sorry to hear that, but it's not the end of the world. Cheer up. Question, what is the woman trying to do? For do you happen to know the title of this oil painting? No idea. Maybe an early eighteen century work. You can look IT . up in the catalogue. What are the speakers mainly talking about? Five, oh, IT looks like the traffic is really bad. Still another hour to get to your office. OK, then I will go by subway. Please stop at the next crossroads, and I will get out there. Question, what can we learn about the woman from the conversation? Six, what's the assignment for today as Taylor? Well read chapter nine in your textbook and get prepared to discuss what you've read next monday. Question, what will the man be required to do next monday? Seven, would you please email me tomorrow? Let's fix the date for our next conference. My computer is broken. Can I call you . questioning? What does the man imply? Eight, mom, where are my blue shoes? I'll be late for school. I washed them this morning. Last night, you told me you'd have a day off school today. Question, what does the woman mean? Nine, I ve gained weight since I started to work at pizz kitchen. I know they often employees free pizz for meals, but you could pack your own healthy lunch. Question, what does the man suggest the woman do? Ten, have you booked a twin room in west hotel for a holiday? Not yet. The line is busy. I will link later, but that hotel is never full in march. I what does the man imply? Section b directions in section b, you will hear two passengers and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you'll be asked several questions. The passengers and the conversation will be red twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. It's a daily struggle known to office workers the world over a productive morning, rewarded with a decent lunch. And then at about three P. M, there comes the irresistible sleepiness. A short nap can promote alertness and improve performance, which are important when you are at work. Now, many companies with a strong commitment to employee wellness have realized the benefits of on sight napping. U. U. Corporation, a consulting company, as a flexible approach, employees can take a nap for thirty minutes, at most any time between one PM and four P. M. Another company, tim and Jerry, which already offers employees personal trainers, now supplies a room with a bed and pillows that employees can use as needed. One of its representative says, if people need to catch a little nap during the day, we are behind IT. In IT. Firm, new link allows its employees to take a twenty minute power nap at their desk. Introduced two years ago, the policy has proved a huge hit, mister lean, in account, a new link, told a local newspaper, if I use a calculator when I am sleepy, I have to double check my work for fear of making mistakes, so IT takes longer. Thanks to the policy, my work performance has improved. Now listen again. It's a daily struggle known to office workers the world over a productive morning rewarded with a decent lunch. Then about three pm, that comes the resistible sleepiness. A short nap can promote alertness and improve performance, which you're important when you at work. Now, many companies with a strong commitment to employee wildness have realized the benefits of onside nothing U. U. CoOperation. A consulting company has a flexible approach. Employees can take a nap for thirty minutes, at most any time between one P, M and four P. M. Another company, tim and Jerry, which already offers, employs personal trainers, now supplies a room with a bed and pillows s that employees can use as needed. One of its representatives says, if people need to catch a little nap during the day we are behind IT IT. Firm new link allows its employees to take a twenty minute power nap at their desks. Introduced two years ago, the policy has proved a huge hit, mr. Lyn and account, a new link, told the local newspaper. If I use a calculator when i'm sleepy, I have to double check my work for fear of making mistakes, so IT takes longer. Thanks to the policy, my work . performance has improved. And what is the speaker mainly talking about? Twelve, which is the following. Can the employees of U, U. CoOperation do at work? Thirteen, what can be learned about mister lean? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. Search engines have completely changed how we access information and who we get IT from. They fast, easy and great, but there are so many questions you can look up online. Some are too complex because they have two or more parts, and others are impossible to because you can't remember a name or exact. Yeah, so you get too many results to make your search useful. Or maybe you just on near a computer or wifi. That's when AP, L can make a difference with AP, L. You can put questions to an information specialist at the poll library. For over forty years, AP. L has been answering people's questions by looking things up in a variety of texts, recordings and other resources. And these people are expert researchers so they know where to look for information, which is key in providing a really good quality answer. Sometimes accuracy is more important than getting millions of results in a second. Then how can you access AP, L? You can call two, one, five, one, eight between nine am and six PM. Monday through saturday, one of the ten information specialists will answer your question. Even if the question has musical parts and even if you're missing some key information, that's the benefit of a human over a computer. Plus, if you need some recommended reading, they've got that covered too. Now listen again, search engines . have completely changed how we access information and who we get IT from. They are fast, easy and great, but there are so many questions you can look up online. Some are too complex because they have two or more parts, and others are impossible to search because you can't remember a name or an exact year. So you get too many results to make your search useful. Or maybe you just aren't near a computer or wifi. That's when AP, L can make a difference with AP, L, you can put questions to an information specialist at the perl library. For over forty years, AP. L has been answering people's questions by looking things up in a variety of text recordings and other resources. And these people are expert researchers so they know where to look for information, which is key in providing a really good quality answer. Sometimes accuracy is more important, then getting millions of results in a second. Then how can you access AP, L? You can call two, one, five, one, eight between nine A, M and six P, M. Monday through saturday. One of the ten information specialist s will answer your question even if the question has multiple parts and even if you're missing some key information, that's the benefit of a human over a computer. Plus if you need some recommended reading, they've got that covered too. Questions fourteen, what is the speaker mainly talking about? Fifteen, what will a search engine do if you type in a much too complicated question? Sixteen, which the following is true of APL. Questions seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. What are you going to do this summer? see? Well, I can work full time at my uncle's restaurant if I want to. The money is pretty good, but i'm thinking of getting some experience in my field. I'm graduating next year. Maybe you should try different on a job. IT would mean a pay cut, but would be worth IT. Not only do you get experience, you make all kinds of contacts. but I just have no idea how to find a suitable one. Why not go to the summer job fair? Hang on, i've got the leaflet in my bag. great. It's next week on the sixteen th at the student center from nine am to three pm. That's wonderful. Should I dress as if i'm going to an interview? IT doesn't mention how you should dress. Shall I bring my resume? It's not required, but it's a good idea. Okay, does that say what kinds of summer jobs are available? You know, I want to be a teacher. You can try to get harder to summer camp. Several are listed on . the excEllent, I will try. You wanna have any trouble? You're at the top of your class. Thanks for the vote of confidence. Now listen again. What are you going to do this summer? see? Well, I can work full time at my uncle's restaurant if I want to. The money is pretty good, but i'm thinking of getting some experience in my field. I'm graduating next year. Maybe you should try a different summer job. IT would mean a pay cut, but would be worth IT. Not only do you get experience, you make all kinds of contacts. but I just have no idea how to find a suitable one. Why not go to the summer job fair? Hang on, i've got the leaflet in my bag. great. It's next week on the sixteen th at the student center for nine AM to three P. M. That's wonderful. Should I dress as if i'm going to an interview? IT doesn't mention how you should dress. Shall I bring my resume? It's not required, but it's a good idea. Okay, does that say what kinds of summer jobs are available? You know, I want to be a teacher. You can try to get harder to summer camp. Several are listed . on the excEllent, I will try. You wanna have any trouble? You're at the top of your club. Thanks for the vote of confidence. Questions seventeen, what are the speakers mainly talking about? Eighteen, according to the man, why should the woman find a different summer job? Nineteen, what can be learned about the summer job fair? Twenty, why does the man recommend the woman to work at a summer camp? 关注微信公众号，上海初高中英语教学，海量名校名师资源助您升学一臂之力。 2021年上海市高考英语试卷 Listening Comprehension Section A 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is a policewoman. B. She is a shop assistant. C. She is a teacher. D. She is a doctor. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: Seems like I’m running a fever. W: Don’t worry. I’ll give you a blood test first. Q: What is most probably the woman’s job? 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He lives near the East Lake. B. He is not interested in that school. C. He has not decided what major to choose. D. He wants to apply to East Lake College. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you checking out some colleges? East Lake College is a pretty neat school. M: But they don’t offer many majors. Q: What does the man imply? 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Comfort the man. B. Find the man a job. C. Keep the man company. D. Evaluate the man’s work. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M:I was fired.I thought my work can be valued by the company. W: Sorry to hear that. But it’s not the end of the world. Cheer up! Q: What is the woman trying to do? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The title of a painter. B. A catalogue. C. The history of the 18th century. D. A work of art. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you happen to know the title of this oil painting? M: No idea. Maybe an early 18th century work. You can look it up in the catalogue. Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She will go to work on foot. B. She will get off at her office. C. She will take another means of transport. D. She will wait for the man at the next crossroads. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Oh, it looks like the traffic is really bad. Still another hour to get to your office. W: OK, then I will go by subway. Please stop at the next crossroads and I will get out there. Q: What can we learn about the woman from the conversation? 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Prepare for the test on Chapter 9. B. Read aloud Chapter 9. C. Explain the assignment of Chapter 9. D. Talk about Chapter 9. 【答案】D 【解析】 【原文】M: What’s the assignment for today, Mrs Taylor? W: Well, read Chapter 9 in your textbook, and get prepared to discuss what you’ve read next Monday. Q: What will the man be required to do next Monday? 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He will call off the next conference. B. He can’t contact the woman by email. C. He will have his computer fixed tomorrow. D. He can’t decide on the date for the conference. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Will you please email me tomorrow? Let’s fix the date for our next conference. M: My computer is broken. Can I call you? Q: What does the man imply? 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She has put away the boy’s shoes. B. She will wash the boy’s shoes. C. The boy needn’t go to school today. D. The boy can’t get to school on time. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Mom, where are my blue shoes? I will be late for school. W: I washed them this morning. Last night you told me you’d have a day off school today. Q: What does the woman mean? 9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Pack the free pizzas. B. Prepare lunch by herself. C. Work at Pizza Kitchen. D. Go to a health club to lose weight. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I have gained weight since I started to work at a pizza kitchen. M: 1 know they offer employees free pizzas for meals. But you could pack your own healthy lunch. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He will get the reservation done. B. No twin room is available in March. C. He will call the woman at a later time. D. The woman should change her schedule. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you booked a twin room in West hotel for a holiday? M: Not yet. The line was busy. I will ring later. But that hotel is never full in large. Q: What does the man imply? Section B 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Workers explore flexible approaches to fighting sleepiness at work. B. Companies need more facilities for their workers’ on-site napping. C. Companies encourage their workers to nap on the job. D. Workers demand more care about their sleep quality. 12. A. Go home for a 20-minute nap. B. Take a 10-minute nap at 3 p.m. C. Do sports with personal trainers. D. Sleep in a room with a bed and pillows. 13. A. Taking a nap improves his work efficiency. B. Using a calculator prevents him making mistakes. C. He works longer than any other employee in the firm. D. He works as an account ant in a consulting company. 【答案】11 C 12. B 13. A 【解析】 【原文】It’s a daily struggle known to office workers the world over: a productive morning rewarded with a decent lunch. And then at about 3 pm there comes the irresistible sleepiness. A short nap can promote alertness, and improve performance which are important when you are at work. Now many companies with the strong commitment to employee wellness have realized the benefits of on-site snapping. U-U Corporation — a consulting company has a flexible approach. Employees can take a nap for 30 minutes at most anytime between 1 pm and 4 pm. Another company Tim and Jerry’s, which already offers employees personal trainers, now supplies a room with a bed and pillows that employees can use as needed. One of its representatives says, “If people need to catch a little nap during the day, we’re behind it”. An IT firm New Link allows its employees to take a 20-minute power nap at desks. Introduced two years ago, the policy has proved a huge hit. Mr Lin, an accountant in New Link, told a local newspaper: “If I use a calculator when I am sleepy, I have to double check my work for fear of making mistakes. So it takes longer. Thanks to the policy, my work performance has improved.” 11. What’s the speaker mainly talking about? 12 Which of the following can the employees of U-U Corporation do? 13. What can be learned about Mr. Lin? 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. A search engine developed by a library. B. An introduction to the Pearl Library. C. A person-to-person information service. D. Changes that search engines bring to us. 15. A. It may give you a large number of results. B. It may cause your computer to break down. C. It will provide unreliable information. D. It will take a long time to show the answers. 16. A. It recommends what to read when you miss key information. B. It offers a satisfactory answer even to a vague question. C. It teaches you how to look for information. D. It is accessible for 9 hours 7 days a week. 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】Search engines have completely changed how we access information and who we get it from. They are fast, easy and great. But there are so many questions you can’t look up online. Some are too complex because they have two or more parts, and others are impossible to search because you can’t remember a name or an exact year, so you get too many results to make your search useful. Or maybe you just aren’t near a computer or wifi. That’s when APL can make a difference. With APL, you can put questions to an information specialist at the Pearl Library. For over forty years, APL has been answering people’s questions by looking things up in a variety of texts, recordings, and other resources. And these people are expert researchers so they know where to look for information, which is key in providing a really good quality answer. Sometimes accuracy is more important than getting millions of results in a second. Then how can you access APL? You can call 21518 between 9 AM and 6 PM, Monday through Saturday. One of the ten information specialists will answer your question even if the question has multiple parts, and even if you’re missing some key information. That’s the benefit of a human over a computer. Plus, if you need some recommended reading. they’ve got that covered, too. Questions: 14.What’s the speaker mainly talking about? 15.What will a search engine do if you type in a much too complicated question? 16.Which of the following is TRUE of APL? 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. What benefits summer jobs have. B. How the woman can find a summer job. C. Which summer camp suits the woman. D. How they can succeed in an interview. 18. A. It will give her useful experience. B. It will be a better-paid job. C. It will enable her to keep in contact with him. D. It will secure a full-time job for her. 19. A. It is held every week. B. It opens for 9 hours. C. Participants shouldn’t dress casually. D. Participants needn’t carry their resumes. 20. A. She is going to be a teacher. B. She wants to be a top student. C. She is confident of her future. D. She takes interest in camp life. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【原文】M: What are you going to do this summer, Sue? W: Well, I can work full-time at my uncle’s restaurant if I want to. The money is pretty good, but I am thinking of getting some experience in my field. I’m graduating next year. M: Maybe you should try a different summer job. It would mean a pay cut. But it’ll be worth it. Not only do you get experience, you make all kinds of contacts. W: But I just have no idea how to find a suitable one. M: Why not go to the summer job fair? Hang on. I’ve got a leaflet in my bag. W: Great M: It’s next week on the 16th at the students’ center from 9 am to 3 p.m. W: That’s wonderful! Should I dress as if I’m going to an interview? M: It doesn’t mention how you should dress. W: Shall I bring my résumé? M: It’s not required. But it’s a good idea. W: Okay. Does it say what kinds of summer jobs are available? You know. I want to be a teacher. M: You can try to get hired at a summer camp. Several are listed on there. W: Excellent. I will try. M: You won’t have any trouble. You are the top of your class. W: Thanks for the vote of confidence. Questions 17.What are the speakers mainly talking about? 18.According to the man. why should the woman find a different summer job? 19.What can be learned about the summer job fair? 20.Why does the man recommend the woman to work at the summer camp? Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Spread of Disease Traveling from one city to another can lead to the spread of disease.When people arrive in a new place, they may bring in bacteria that ___21___ present in the past. The people there have no natural protection ___22___ these new bacteria, so they catch the disease more easily. ___23___ it is unfamiliar, health workers may not identify it or stop it from spreading. People with the disease may continue to have contact with others. In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population. This was ___24___happened, for example, when soldiers travelled back home at the end of the First World War. These soldiers brought with them the Spanish flu, and ___25___ cost millions of lives. Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease. Take old air conditioners in windows as an example. They tend to collect dirt and water, which makes it easy for bacteria ___26___ (grow). Then when the air conditioner ___27___ (turn) on, the bacteria will be blown into the home or office and make people sick. Bacteria grow fast in the water of the cooling towers.They are then sent throughout the building with the air conditioning and can affect anyone in the building. Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976, by ___28___ time 221 people had become seriously ill. Pollution of the oceans can also be a factor in spreading disease. The pollution may be caused by fertilizers that wash into rivers and then into the ocean, or by human waste ___29___ (dump) directly into the ocean with no processing. These pollutants result in the increased growth of tiny plants that are called algae. They can form a thick mass in the water, ___30___ (provide) a perfect environment for cholera, a fatal disease. 【答案】21. weren’t 22. against 23. Because##Since##As 24. what 25. it##that 26. to grow 27. is turned 28. which 29. dumped 30. providing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了疾病传播的几种途径。 【21题详解】 考查时态。句意：当人们到达一个新地方时，他们可能会带来过去不存在的细菌。本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，定语从句修饰先行词bacteria，从句描述过去的情况，时态用一般过去时，that代替bacteria作主语，be动词用were，否定形式为weren’t 。故填weren’t。 【22题详解】 考查介词。句意：那里的人对这些新细菌没有天然的保护，所以他们更容易感染疾病。protection against意为“对……的保护”，为固定搭配。故填against。 【23题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：因为它是陌生的，卫生工作者可能无法识别它或阻止它传播。本空引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，应用because或since或as，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Because/Since/As。 【24题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：例如，这就是第一次世界大战结束时士兵们回家时发生的事情。本空引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故应用what引导从句。故填what。 【25题详解】 考查代词。句意：这些士兵带来了西班牙流感，夺走了数百万人的生命。这里指代前面提到的 the Spanish flu，在句子中作主语，用it或that指代前文提到的同一事物。故填it/that。 【26题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们容易收集灰尘和水，这使得细菌容易生长。make it+adj.+for sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“使某人/某物做某事是……的”，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式，本空用grow“生长”的不定式形式。的故填to grow。 【27题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：然后，当空调打开时，细菌会被吹进家里或办公室，让人生病。句子陈述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且句子主语air conditioner与turn on“打开”之间为被动关系，故句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is turned。 【28题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1976年7月，科学家们首次认识到这个问题，当时已有221人病重。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为July 1976，关系词代替先行词在从句中作by的宾语，故应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【29题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：污染可能是由流入河流然后流入海洋的化肥，或由未经处理直接排入海洋的人类废物造成的。句中有谓语动词may be caused，故空格处应用非谓语动词，human waste与dump“倾倒”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填dumped。 【30题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们可以在水中形成一团厚厚的物质，为致命的霍乱提供一个完美的环境。句中有谓语动词can form，故空格处应用非谓语动词，They与provide“提供”之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填providing。 Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A.allow B.bothering C.gap D.inaccessible E.inefficient F.jumped G.personalized H.place I.purchase J.skipping K.strategies Grocery shopping in person or online: Which is better? Karen Spade knows how to collect coupons (优惠券) and price match. She runs her own savings website to teach others to shop and save as she does. Yet when a nearby grocery store started offering online shopping about month ago, Spade ___31___ at the chance to try it. She didn’t even care there was a delivery fee and the store did not ___32___ paper coupons or price matching for online orders. Why would a power shopper be willing to give up some of her favorite savings ___33___ to shop online? “For shoppers ___34___ to collect coupons and price match, shopping in-store will bring bigger savings,” Spade explained.“But many people are never going to do that and, for them online shopping is another way to save, because you can keep an eye on your running total as you shop to stick to your budget.” So Spade took the plunge and managed to ___35___ her first order. “I went to the store afterwards to test out what the price ___36___would have been” she said, “and I found everything ordered was the same price at the store.” So if this is the case，then it’s all about whether you can make back the delivery fee. Stores charge between $7.95 and $12.95 to deliver your groceries, depending on the size of your ___37___. You offset (抵消) little of that money right away because you do not have to pay for gas, but the biggest benefit is the time saved by ___38___ the trip. Shopping online saves time in another way. Even on your very first online shopping trip, if you enter your loyalty card number, all the products you’ve bought before at the store should pop up as a(n) ___39___ shopping list. Just click the ones you’d like to buy again and you’re done. No ___40___ wandering in the store. 【答案】31. F 32. A 33. K 34. B 35. H 36. C 37. I 38. J 39. G 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过消费者Spade的经历说明了网购的好处。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，大约一个月前，当附近的一家杂货店开始提供网上购物时，Spade抓住了这个尝试的机会。根据空前Spade和空后at the chance to try it可知，主句中缺少谓语，应用动词jump，构成短语jump at the chance“抓住机会”，根据空前started可知，句子是在叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填jumped。故选F。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：她甚至不在乎有送货费，也不在乎商店不允许使用纸质优惠券或在线订单的价格匹配。根据句意和空前did not可知，后接动词原形，此处表“允许”，应用动词allow。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：为什么一个超级购物者会愿意放弃她最喜欢的一些节省策略去网上购物呢？根据句意和空前some of her favorite savings可知，此处应用名词作介词of的宾语，应用名词strategy“策略”，strategy为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，故填strategies。故选K。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：“对于那些不嫌麻烦去收集优惠券、比价的购物者来说，线下购物能省下更多钱，”Spade解释道，“但很多人绝不会这么做，对他们而言，网购是另一种省钱方式 —— 因为购物时能实时查看累计金额，从而严格遵守预算。”句中已有谓语动词“will bring”，故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，对于那些不嫌麻烦去收集优惠券、比价的购物者来说，线下购物能省下更多钱，bother to do sth表示“不嫌麻烦去做某事”，“shoppers”和“bother”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：于是Spade冒险成功下了第一个订单。根据句意及空前不定式符号to(manage to do)可知，此处应用动词原形place“下单”。故选H。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：她说：“之后我去了商店，测试了一下价格差距，我发现订购的所有东西的价格都和商店里的价格一样。”根据句意和空前the price可知，空处应用名词gap，构成短语price gap“价格差距”，故填gap。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：根据你购买的物品的大小，商店的运送费在7.95美元和12.95美元之间。根据句意和空前your可知，形容词性物主代词your后应用名词作介词of的宾语，应用名词purchase“购买的物品”，此处特指您购买的物品，应用其单数形式，故填purchase。故选I。 【38题详解】 考查动名词。句意：你可以立即抵消一点钱，因为你不必支付汽油费，但最大的好处是不跑这一趟节省的时间。根据句意和空前by可知，此处应用动名词作介词by的宾语，应用动名词skipping“不做、跳过”，故选J。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使是在你的第一次网上购物之旅中，如果你输入了你的积分卡，你以前在商店购买的所有产品都会出现成为一个个性化的购物清单。根据句意和空后shopping list可知，此处应用形容词personalized“个性化的”，修饰后文名词短语shopping list，作定语，故填personalized。故选G。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：不用在店里低效地闲逛了。根据前文“Just click the ones you’d like to buy again and you’re done.”可知，该句前文对比网购“点击下单”的便捷，此处强调实体店购物的缺点，空处需填形容词修饰“wandering”，“inefficient ”表示“无效的”，符合语境。故选E。 Reading Comprehension Section A People believe that having pets is overall a good thing for children. But does this belief hold up to ___41___? The new field of human﹣animal interaction aims to find out. Ten years ago, when psychologist Joan Smith reviewed the literature on child﹣animal relationships, she reported that interacting with animals led young children to better understand biology than pet﹣less children. Kindergarteners who had cared for goldfish were more___42___ when responding to questions like “does a goldfish have a heart?” They also more easily___43___biological information from one species to another, inferring that baby frogs get bigger just like goldfish do. She also reports that those kids who turned to their pets for emotional support were less___44___than these who didn’t. The past ten years have seen some advances, but literature on the topic is still rather___45___. A recent paper by researcher Meg Brown at Lakeside University___46___ some important information to the discussion. She turned to a dataset that includes information from 7, 000 kids, ranging in___47___from thirteen to nineteen years. For the study, both pet owning and other types of___48___ activities, like horseback riding, were considered as human﹣animal interaction experience. She found that adolescents with animal experience were more likely to see themselves as important ___49___to their communities, such as doing community service. She also found that the higher the level of____50____between a teenager and animals, the higher they scored on measurements of emotional connectedness in general. While causality(因果关系) cannot be determined, Brown says that it is at least ____51____ that children and adolescents can learn about healthy social relationships from their experiences of interacting with animals. “If a connection exists between the skills required for these relationships, then it might be useful to make use of animal relationships as a way to____52____ the development of social skills,” she says. Brown is aware of the limitations of her study. It can’t reach any conclusions about the causal role of animals in kids’ lives, and it’s limited to____53____ nationwide. Besides, the study was not designed to ____54____any potential negative effects of human﹣animal interaction experiences. Some other studies, for example, have shown that pet owners have higher levels of psychological____55____，like depression, than non﹣pet owners. 41. A. common sense B. scientific evidence C. universal assumptions D. natural tendencies 42. A. enthusiastic B. curious C. accurate D. serious 43. A. transferred B. collected C. judged D. spread 44. A. cautious B. vigorous C. ambitious D. anxious 45. A. limited B. reliable C. varied D. fascinating 46. A. owes B. adds C. restricts D. adapts 47. A. status B. age C. height D. performance 48. A. animal﹣watching B. animal﹣led C. animal﹣friendly D. animal﹣related 49. A. donators B. delegates C. contributors D. witnesses 50. A. difference B. isolation C. attachment D. disapproval 51. A. possible B. questionable C. misleading D. uncertain 52. A. block B. stress C. involve D. promote 53. A. teenagers B. researchers C. pet﹣less children D. pet owners 54. A. do away with B. throw light on C. take advantage of D. make up for 55. A. needs B. tests C. explanations D. disorders 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，研究表明，建立良好的青少年和动物关系有利于孩子们的成长，养宠物对孩子有好处。 【41题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：但这种观点经得起科学证据检验吗？A. common sense常识；B. scientific evidence科学证据；C. universal assumptions普遍假设；D. natural tendencies自然趋势。根据下文“The new field of human-animal interaction aims to find out.”及第二段心理学家Joan Smith的研究结论“she reported that interacting with animals led young children to better understand biology than pet-less children.”可知，这里引出问题，询问“养宠物对孩子有好处”这个观点是否经得起科学证据的检验。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在回答“金鱼有心脏吗？”这样的问题时，照顾过金鱼的幼儿园孩子的回答更为准确。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. curious好奇的；C. accurate准确的；D. serious严肃的。根据前文“interacting with animals led young children to better understand biology than pet-less children”可知，与动物互动的小朋友会表示出对于生物更好的理解，因此，他们的回答也就更准确。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还更容易将生物信息从一个物种传递到另一个物种，推断出小青蛙会像金鱼一样变大。A. transferred转移；B. collected收集；C. judged判断；D. spread传播。根据下文“inferring that baby frogs get bigger just like goldfish do”可知，这些小朋友还能将生物信息在物种间类似性转移和传递。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她还报告说，那些向宠物寻求情感支持的孩子比那些不向宠物寻求情感支持的孩子更少焦虑。A. cautious谨慎的；B. vigorous精力充沛的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“those kids who turned to their pets for emotional support”可知，有宠物作情感支持的孩子会比没有宠物的孩子负面情绪更少，此处表示“更少焦虑”。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的十年中已经取得了一些进展，但关于这一主题的文献仍然相当有限。A. limited有限的；B. reliable可靠的；C. varied各种各样的；D. fascinating令人着迷的。根据上文“The past ten years have seen some advances”及“but”和“still”的转折以及下文“A recent paper by researcher Meg Brown at Lakeside University  ___6___  some important information to the discussion.”梅格·布朗的论文为这一讨论提供了一些重要信息可知，关于研究这一主题的文献是有限的。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：湖边大学研究员梅格·布朗最近发表的一篇论文为这一讨论提供了一些重要信息。A. owes亏欠；B. adds添加；C. restricts限制；D. adapts适应，调整。根据文章第五段“She found that adolescents with animal experience were more likely to see themselves as important  ___9___  to their communities, such as doing community service. She also found that the higher the level of  ___10___  between a teenager and animals, the higher they scored on measurements of emotional connectedness in general.”可知，此处表示梅格·布朗最近发表的一篇论文给这一讨论增加了新的信息。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她转向了一个数据集，其中包括7000名13岁到19岁的孩子的信息。A. status身份；B. age年龄；C. height身高；D. performance表演。根据下文“from thirteen to nineteen years”可知，此处指的是年龄。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这项研究中，养宠物和其他类型的动物相关活动，如骑马，都被认为是人类与动物的互动体验。A. animal-watching观赏动物的；B. animal-led动物主导的；C. animal-friendly动物友好的；D. animal-related动物相关的。根据下文“like horseback riding, were considered as human-animal interaction experience.”可知，这些举例活动都是与动物有关的活动。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她发现，有动物经历的青少年更有可能将自己视为社区的重要贡献者，比如做社区服务。A. donors捐赠者；B. delegates代表；C. contributors贡献者；D. witnesses目击者。根据下文“such as doing community service”可知，有动物经历的青少年更容易对社区做出贡献，成为贡献者。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还发现，青少年与动物之间的依恋程度越高，他们在情感联系方面的总体得分就越高。A. difference不同；B. isolation隔离；C. attachment依恋；D. disapproval不同意。根据下文“the higher they scored on measurements of emotional connectedness in general”可知，人和动物之间的依恋程度越高，情感联系方面的分值就越高。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然因果关系无法确定，但布朗说，儿童和青少年至少有可能从他们与动物互动的经历中学习到健康的社会关系。A. possible可能的；B. questionable可疑的；C. misleading误导的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据上文“While causality (因果关系) cannot be determined”以及下文“that children and adolescents can learn about healthy social relationships from their experiences of interacting with animals.”及可知，尽管人与动物之间关系的因果关系并不是确定的，但是孩子们能从经历中学到一些知识，这是可能的。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果这些关系所需的技能之间存在联系，那么利用动物关系作为促进社会技能发展的一种方式可能是有用的，”她说。A. block阻塞，堵住；B. stress强调；C. involve涉及；D. promote提升，促进。根据上文“it might be useful”及下文“social skills”可知，可以利用与动物之间的关系促进社会技能发展。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它无法得出任何关于动物在儿童生活中的因果作用的结论，而且仅限于全国的青少年。A. teenagers青少年；B. researchers研究者；C. pet-less children无宠物的孩子；D. pet owners宠物主人。根据上文“between a teenager and animals”及“children and adolescents can learn about healthy social relationships”可知，这项研究目前仅限于青少年。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，这项研究并不是为了揭示人类与动物互动体验的任何潜在负面影响。A. do away with废除；B. throw light on揭示，阐明；C. take advantage of利用；D. make up for弥补，补偿。根据下文“any potential negative effects of human-animal interaction experiences. Some other studies, for example, have shown that pet owners have higher levels of ____15____ , like depression, than non-pet owners.”可知，此段讲到了研究的限制性，研究并不是用来揭示人类与动物的任何负面的影响。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，其他一些研究表明，养宠物的人比不养宠物的人患抑郁症等疾病的程度更高。A. needs需要；B. tests测试；C. explanations解释；D. disorders障碍，疾病。根据上文“any potential negative effects of human-animal interaction experiences”以及下文“like depression, than non-pet owners.”可知，此处表示其他一些研究中表明的人类与动物互动体验的潜在负面影响，养宠物的人有更高的患某些疾病障碍的水平。故选D。 Section B (A) A Swedish Professor at Natural History came out to the farm to ask me for help. He had come to Africa to find out at what stage of the embryo(胚胎) state the foot of the monkeys begins to differ from the human foot. For this purpose he meant to go and shoot Colobus monkeys on Mount Elgon. “You will never find out from the Colobus monkeys,” I said to him, “they live in the tops of the trees and are shy and difficult to shoot. It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want.” The Professor was hopeful. He was going to stay out till he had got his foot, he said, even if it was be for years. He had applied to the Game Department for permission to shoot the monkeys he wanted. The permission he was, in view of the high scientific object of his research, certain to get, but so far, he had had no reply. “How many monkeys have you asked to be allowed to shoot?” I asked him He told me that he had, to begin with, asked for permission to shoot fifteen hundred monkeys. Now I knew the people at the Game Department, and I assisted him to send in a second letter asking for a reply by return of post, since the Professor was keen to get off on his research. The answer from the Game Department did, for once, come by return of post. The Game Department, they wrote, were pleased to inform Professor Landgreen that, in view of the scientific object of his research, they had seen their way to make an exception from their rules, and to raise the number of monkeys on his license from four to six. I had to read the letter over twice to the Professor. When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word. To my expressions of sympathy he made no reply, but walked out of the house, got into his car and drove away sadly. 56. By “It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want”, the author implies that ______. A. it was no easy job to get Colobus monkeys B. there were very few Colobus monkeys in Africa C. he wished the Professor good luck in doing the research D. the Professor was sure to obtain the embryo despite the difficulties 57. What can be learned about the Game Department from the passage? A. It funded the Professor’s scientific research. B. It allowed the Professor to shoot only six monkeys. C. It was set up to help researchers to find wild animals. D. It made rules about where to shoot Colobus monkeys. 58. Why did the Professor say nothing after the author read the letter to him? A. The Professor found his research was meaningless. B. The Professor realized his cruelty in shooting monkeys. C. The Professor couldn’t carry out his research as expected D. The Professor felt sorry for brining trouble to the author. 59. Which of the following is covered in the passage? A. The scarcity of Colobus monkeys. B. The change of the Professor’s mood. C. The origin of the Game Department. D. The significance of animal protection. 【答案】56. A 57. B 58. C 59. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位自然历史的瑞典教授来到农场向作者寻求帮助提供疣猴，但是让教授失望的是，他最终被许可射杀的疣猴数量远远少于教授所期待的。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““You will never find out from the Colobus monkeys,” I said to him, “they live in the tops of the trees and are shy and difficult to shoot. It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want.””(“你永远也不会从疣猴身上找到答案，”我对他说，“它们住在树顶，很害羞，很难射杀。如果你能得到你想要的胚胎，那将是最大的幸运。”)可推知，通过“如果你能得到你想要的胚胎，这将是最大的幸运”，作者暗示弄到疣猴可不是件容易的事。故选A项。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The Game Department, they wrote, were pleased to inform Professor Landgreen that, in view of the scientific object of his research, they had seen their way to make an exception from their rules, and to raise the number of monkeys on his license from four to six.(他们写道，Game Department很高兴地通知兰德格林教授，鉴于他的研究对象是科学，他们已经设法破例，将他许可证上的猴子数量从4只增加到6只)可知，从文章中我们可以了解到Game Department只允许教授射杀六只猴子。故选B项。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中最后一句提到的Game Department只允许教授射杀六只猴子。以及最后一段中“I had to read the letter over twice to the Professor. When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word.(我不得不把信读给教授听两遍。当他终于明白了事情的原委后，他感到非常震惊和痛苦，一句话也没说)可推知，作者把信读给教授听后，他什么也没说是因为他不能像预期的那样进行他的研究。故选C项。 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The Professor was hopeful.”(教授满怀希望)以及最后一段中“When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word. To my expressions of sympathy he made no reply, but walked out of the house, got into his car and drove away sadly.(当他终于明白了事情的原委后，他感到非常震惊和痛苦，一句话也没说。对于我表示的同情，他没有回答，而是走出了房子，进入汽车，伤心地开走了)可知，教授情绪的变化是在这篇文章中涵盖的。故选B项。 （B） COMMON RUNNING INJURIES Running is a great form of exercise. However, running under certain conditions can cause a variety of injuries. The National Running Association recently released the results of its latest survey on common running injuries, as illustrated in the picture on the right. According to the survey results, the most reported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull, with the former occurring a little less frequently. About a quarter of the respondents say they have had plantar fasciitis. The number of respondents suffering from Achilles tendonitis or shin splints is nearly twice that of those with stress fracture, which is also what fewest respondents report. There are two main causes of running injury: structural imbalance and training volume. Structural imbalance occurs when a certain muscle group is weak and requires other muscle groups to help. The body adapts to stresses and becomes stronger. This is the basic principle of training. However, if you push too fast or run too far, you can stress the body in such a way that it never has time to fully recover. Training progression and moderation are the keys to avoiding overuse injury. Here are several ways to avoid running injury. Prepare your body for running by walking. Understand your body type and be patient. Follow a sensible training plan or find a coach. Wear the right shoes. The cause of the injury is not easy to diagnose. For example, a foot problem can cause a problem in the knees or back. Finding and treating the cause of a running injury is the job of a trained doctor. More importantly, listen to your body and recognize the signs of overtraining so that you can avoid running injury. 60. Which group of injuries best fits the blanks numbered ①, ②, ③and ④in the picture? A. ①knee injury; ②muscle pull; ③stress fracture; ④shin splints B. ①muscle pull; ②knee injury; ③stress fracture; ④Achilles tendonitis C. ①knee injury; ②muscle pull; ③shin splints; ④stress fracture D. ①muscle pull; ②knee injury; ③Achilles tendonitis; ④stress fracture 61. According to the passage, which of the following leads to structural imbalance? A. Using some muscles more intensely than others. B. Training weak muscles more often than strong ones. C. Adapting your body to stresses slowly. D. Giving your body little time to recover. 62. According to the passage, if you want to find out why your back and knees hurt after running you had better ________. A. turn to a coach for help B. consult a trained doctor C. understand your body type first D. wear another pair of running shoes 【答案】60. D 61. A 62. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑步常见损伤及预防方法。 【60题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to the survey results, the most reported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull, with the former occurring a little less frequently. About a quarter of the respondents say they have had plantar fasciitis. The number of respondents suffering from Achilles tendonitis or shin splints is nearly twice that of those with stress fracture, which is also what fewest respondents report.(根据调查结果，报告病例最多的是膝关节损伤和肌肉拉伤，前者发生的频率稍低。大约四分之一的受访者说他们患有足底筋膜炎。患有跟腱炎或胫骨夹板的受访者几乎是患有应力性骨折的受访者的两倍，应力性骨折也是受访者中最少的)”可知，膝盖损伤和肌肉拉伤是报告最多的，且膝盖损伤比肌肉拉伤少一点，所以①处是肌肉拉伤，②处是膝盖损伤；患有跟腱炎或胫骨夹板的受访者人数几乎是患有应力性骨折的受访者的两倍，所以③处是胫骨夹板，④处是应力性骨折。故选D。 【61题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Structural imbalance occurs when a certain muscle group is weak and requires other muscle groups to help.(当某个肌肉群很弱，需要其他肌肉群的帮助时，就会出现结构失衡)”可知，当某些肌肉群比其他肌肉群更频繁或更强烈地使用时，就可能导致结构失衡。故选A。 【62题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Finding and treating the cause of a running injury is the job of a trained doctor.(找出并治疗跑步损伤的原因是训练有素的医生的工作)”可知，如果你想知道跑步后背部和膝盖疼痛的原因，最好咨询训练有素的医生。故选B。 （C） At a conference on self-driving cars, Mike Harp, a government official, asked a seemingly simple question about what happens when his own car meets a driverless vehicle. “If I honk (按喇叭), will it do any good?” Harp wanted to know. Unfortunately, manufacturers didn’t have an answer. “We haven’t reached that point of deciding how and whether it would be appropriate for vehicles to react and in which way to honking,” said one of them. The brief exchange highlights a thorn in the side of automakers and policymakers alike: Self-driving cars will have to share the road with human drivers, likely for decades to come. Those vehicles must therefore respond and adapt to the peculiarities and mistakes of humans behind the wheel. Self-driving technology has already come a long way. Cars being tested on the road today use cameras and radar, for example, to detect the movements of nearby cyclists and pedestrians. There are already driver-assist technologies built into some cars that monitor the speed of vehicles around you, detect potential accidents before they occur, and automatically slow or stop the car to avoid a wreck. In a world where all cars drive themselves, the technology could operate at peak efficiency. Supporters of self-driving cars say that speed limits could be raised and fatal crashes largely avoided as no traffic laws are broken and poor drivers become a thing of the past. But the change to driverless vehicles is expected to be gradual, and will likely start with ride-sharing services, as the costs of personally owning a self-driving car remain extremely high. That means man and machine will have to play nice on roadways. “There are so many interesting situations,” such as honking a horn, Harp said. “When another car with a driver meets a self-driving car without a driver in there and they realize that, it will frighten some people. How that’s going to be dealt with will be part of the fun part of this process.” Any driver can tell you that driving involves a lot of social interaction, particularly the hand gestures and eye contact of fellow drivers. Much of that interaction between drivers will eventually be digital as cars increasingly collect data and share it with the vehicles around them. If a car speeds up, slows down or prepares for a stop, for example, that would be communicated immediately and electronically to the other vehicles on the road. Like self-driving technology, however, it will be years before the vehicle-to-vehicle communication is common. That challenge is being taken into account as driverless vehicles are tested on public roads. But the honking issue is particularly tricky because it's subject to interpretation. It’s going to be really hard for a driverless vehicle, even if it hears the honk, to figure out what that honk means. 63. In paragraph 1，“a thorn” refers to ______. A. the issue that human drivers have peculiarities and make mistakes. B. the prediction that self-driving cars will be common in the future. C. the fact that driverless cars co-exist with cars driven by humans. D. the technology that ensures driverless cars are safe on the road. 64. Which of the following can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Most people don’t advocate self-driving technology. B. Inter-vehicle communication is superior to inter-personal interaction. C. Social interaction will decrease among drivers behind the wheel. D. More data is needed to make self-driving technology a reality much sooner. 65. Which example is used to illustrate that self-driving technology is not something new? A. A car communicates its speed to the other vehicles. B. A driverless car is likely to frighten human drivers. C. Speed limits are raised in a world of self-driving cars. D. Car cameras and radar are used to detect moving people. 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The simple question about self-driving cars we still can’t answer B. A golden opportunity for driverless cars we can’t afford to miss C. Hidden secrets of self-driving cars we can’t reveal D. Potential risks of driverless cars we can’t ignore 【答案】63. C 64. C 65. D 66. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自动驾驶汽车面临与人类驾驶汽车共存等问题及现状。 【63题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Self-driving cars will have to share the road with human drivers, likely for decades to come.(可能在未来几十年里，自动驾驶汽车将不得不与人类司机共享道路)”可知，这次简短的交流凸显了汽车制造商和决策者面临的一个棘手问题：自动驾驶汽车将不得不与人类驾驶的汽车共享道路，这种情况可能会持续数十年。因此，a thorn指的是无人驾驶汽车与人类驾驶的汽车共存的事实。故选C。 【64题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Any driver can tell you that driving involves a lot of social interaction, particularly the hand gestures and eye contact of fellow drivers. Much of that interaction between drivers will eventually be digital as cars increasingly collect data and share it with the vehicles around them. If a car speeds up, slows down or prepares for a stop, for example, that would be communicated immediately and electronically to the other vehicles on the road. Like self-driving technology however, it will be years before the vehicle-to-vehicle communication is common. (任何司机都可以告诉你，驾驶涉及到很多社交互动，尤其是其他司机的手势和眼神交流。随着汽车越来越多地收集数据并与周围的车辆共享，驾驶员之间的大部分互动最终将是数字化的。例如，如果汽车加速、减速或准备停车，则会立即以电子方式与道路上的其他车辆进行通信。然而，与自动驾驶技术一样，车与车之间的通信还需要数年时间才能普及。)”和最后一段“That challenge is being taken into account as driver-less vehicles are tested on public roads. But the honking issue is particularly tricky because it’s subject to interpretation. It’s going to be really hard for a driver-less vehicle, even if it hears the honk, to figure out what that honk means. (随着无人驾驶车辆在公共道路上进行测试，这一挑战也被考虑在内。但按喇叭的问题特别棘手，因为它需要解释。对于一辆没有司机的汽车来说，即使它听到了喇叭声，也很难弄清楚喇叭声的含义。)”可知，这两段说明了在将来驾驶者之间的社交互动将会减少。故选C。 【65题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Self-driving technology has already come a long way. Cars being tested on the road today use cameras and radar, for example, to detect the movements of nearby cyclists and pedestrians.(自动驾驶技术已经取得了长足的进步。例如，今天在路上测试的汽车使用摄像头和雷达来探测附近骑自行车的人和行人的运动)”可知，用汽车摄像头和雷达探测移动的人已经不是一项新的事物。故选D。 【66题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“At a conference on self-driving cars, Mike Harp, a government official, asked a seemingly simple question about what happens when his own car meets a driver-less vehicle. “If I honk(按喇叭), will it do any good?” Harp wanted to know. Unfortunately, manufacturers didn't have an answer. “We haven’t reached that point of deciding how and whether it would be appropriate for vehicles to react and in which way to honking,” said one of them. (在一次关于自动驾驶汽车的会议上，政府官员迈克·哈普提出了一个看似简单的问题，即当他自己的汽车遇到无人驾驶的汽车时会发生什么。“如果我按喇叭，会有什么好处吗？”哈普想知道。不幸的是，制造商没有答案。其中一人表示：“我们还没有到决定车辆如何以及是否适合做出反应以及以何种方式按喇叭的地步。”)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍关于自动驾驶汽车的一些简单问题，我们仍然无法回答。故选A。 Section C Food & Health Myths Every day there is new information about food and health products. Newspapers regularly have articles that discuss how certain foods or drinks are good or bad for you. Some television shows often deal with new stories about how consuming certain substances can affect your body. ___67___ One myth about food and health is that eggs are bad for your heart. Although they are indeed high in cholesterol (胆固醇) and fat，it’s not true that eating eggs every day will damage your heart. ___68___As far as fat goes, it’s the yellow part of the egg that contains all the fat. So if you’re worried about the fat content of eggs, go ahead and just eat the whites. You might also choose to buy certain kinds of eggs that have less fat content depending on the diet of the animal. Check your local supermarket for more information. ___69___Although it was once thought to have unique properties, other types of alcohol can have the same effects. A study conducted recently revealed that people who drank red wine did not live any longer than those who drank other kinds of spirits, such as beer or white wine. It seems that the alcohol itself improves an individual’s health by raising the levels of good cholesterol and decreasing bad cholesterol. The alcohol also serves to increase blood flow and assist in blood clotting (凝结). ___70___ Consumers who are especially concerned about their health should think carefully about new information they read about or see on television. A. Another popular belief is that red wine, like other drinks, may be harmful to you if consumed too much. B. Apart from that, many people believe drinking red wine is especially good for your heart. C. Eggs are high in cholesterol and fat despite the fact that they are a nutritious source of energy. D. There are many other myths common in our society about food and health. E. This is because the body can deal with the extra cholesterol by reducing the amount it produces. F. With such a steady stream of information, it’s understandable that a few popular myths about food and health are floating around. 【答案】67. F 68. E 69. B 70. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于食品和健康产品的错误认知，告诫关心自己健康的消费者应该仔细考虑他们看到的新信息。 【67题详解】 根据上文“Every day there is new information about food and health products. Newspapers regularly have articles that discuss how certain foods or drinks are good or bad for you.Some television shows often deal with new stories about how consuming certain substances can affect your body. (每天都有关于食品和健康产品的新信息。报纸上经常有文章讨论某些食物或饮料对你的好处或坏处。一些电视节目经常报道食用某些物质会如何影响你的身体的新故事)”可知，关于食品和健康产品的信息很多，空处承接上文，F选项中的“a steady stream of information”与上文中的“information about food and health products”相呼应，所以F选项“有了如此稳定的信息流，一些关于食品和健康的流行神话四处流传是可以理解的。”符合语境。故选F。 【68题详解】 根据上文“Although they are indeed high in cholesterol (胆固醇) and fat，it’s not true that eating eggs every day will damage your heart. (尽管它们的胆固醇和脂肪含量确实很高，但是每天吃鸡蛋不会真的损害你的心脏)”及下文“ As far as fat goes, it’s the yellow part of the egg that contains all the fat. (就脂肪而言，鸡蛋的蛋黄部分含有所有的脂肪)”可知，每天吃鸡蛋不会有问题，空处承上启下，与上文形成因果关系，E选项中的“the extra cholesterol”与上文中的“cholesterol”相呼应，所以E选项“这是因为身体可以通过减少胆固醇的产生量来处理多余的胆固醇。”符合语境。故选E。 【69题详解】 根据下文“Although it was once thought to have unique properties, other types of alcohol can have the same effects. A study conducted recently revealed that people who drank red wine did not live any longer than those who drank other kinds of spirits, such as beer or white wine. (尽管它曾经被认为具有独特的特性，但其他类型的酒精也有同样的效果。最近进行的一项研究表明，喝红酒的人并不比喝其他种类酒类的人寿命更长，如啤酒或白酒)”可知，喝红酒并没有对心脏特别有益，空处为本段中心句，引出下文，B选项中的“drinking red wine is especially good for your heart”与上文中的“drank red wine did not live any longer”相呼应，所以B选项“除此之外，许多人认为喝红酒对心脏特别有益。”符合语境。故选B。 【70题详解】 根据下文“Consumers who are especially concerned about their health should think carefully about new information they read about or see on television. (特别关心自己健康的消费者应该仔细考虑他们在电视上看到的新信息)”可知，消费者要仔细考虑看到的消息，空处引出下文，D选项中的“many other myths common in our society”与上文中的“new information they read about or see on television”相呼应，所以D选项“在我们的社会中，关于食物和健康还有许多其他常见的说法。”符合语境。故选D。 Summary Writing 71. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ann Grand：a visual thinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker.When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from video-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, her memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the image visualized are always specific. For example, if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house, and then those in her hometown. That one word can turn into a full-length video in her head.Grand’s mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination, which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations. This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind. She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to correct mistakes before construction started. Grand’s mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals. She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grand’s visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she has worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Ann Grand is a visual thinker, whose mind works like the Internet search engine. Therefore she can build entire systems in her imagination through producing three﹣dimensional design simulations. Grand’s mind is so sensitive to details that she could notice many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. This led her to create kinds of designs. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。Ann Grand是一位视觉思考者。Ann Grand的大脑就像互联网搜索殷勤一样，可以生成用户正在搜索的对象的几十幅图像。Ann Grand的头脑对细节也很敏感，这在她与牛的工作中很重要，并因此创造了许多设计。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Ann Grand is a visual thinker. Grand’s mind works like the Internet search engine. ②Visual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination. Because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations. ③Grand’s mind is also sensitive to details. She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. ④ This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences. 2.缜密构思 将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Ann Grand is a visual thinker and Grand’s mind works like the Internet search engine. Grand can build entire systems in her imagination. Because visual thinking can produce three-dimensional design simulations. Grand’s mind is so sensitive to details that she could notice many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle, which led her to create kinds of designs. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Ann Grand is a visual thinker, whose mind works like the Internet search engine. 运用whose引导的非限制性定语从句，表达高级。 【高分句型2】Grand’s mind is so sensitive to details that she could notice many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. 运用so…that引导的结果状语从句以及that引导的定语从句，表达高级。 Translation 72. 你坐会儿，我来看管这六件行李。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】You can sit for a while, and I will look after these six pieces of luggage/baggage. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态、动词短语和并列连词和名词。“你坐会儿”主语是you，谓语是can sit，“一会儿”是for a while，“看管”是look after，表示将来用一般将来时，“行李”是不可数名词 luggage/baggage，“这六件行李”是these six pieces of luggage/baggage，表示并列用and连接，结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为You can sit for a while, and I will look after these six pieces of luggage/baggage. 73. 打喷嚏的时候务必用纸巾遮住口鼻。(Do) （汉译英） 【答案】Do cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句和固定短语。此处为肯定祈使句，且强调句谓语cover，前面用do；表示“用……遮住”短语为cover with；表示“口鼻”翻译为nose and mouth；表示“用纸巾”应用with a tissue；后跟when引导时间状语从句，表示“打喷嚏”应用动词sneeze，为一般现在时。故翻译为Do cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you sneeze. 74. 这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇，脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey-haired diplomat of the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“与老友不期而遇”可用an encounter with his old friend，句首单词的首字母要大写；“脑海中浮现”可理解为“使人想起”用remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事，为动词短语，发生在过去，用一般过去时；表示“这位头发花白的外交官”为the grey-haired diplomat；表示“那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月”翻译为when引导定语从句修饰先行词days，且从句表示过去某个阶段的动作，用过去进行时，故翻译为the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals。故翻译为An encounter with his old friend reminded the grey-haired diplomat of the youthful days when they were striving for their ideals. 75. 这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋，现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】The former residence of the pioneer is a humble wooden house, which is now under restoration, and visitors are likely to see its real look at the end of June. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和固定短语。表示“这位先驱者的故居”用the former residence of the pioneer，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“是”用be，本句陈述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。表示“一间不起眼的木屋”用a humble wooden house，作表语。表示“现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容”用非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a humble wooden house，关系词指代先行词在从句中作主语，用which引导；表示“现正修复中”用be under restoration，be动词用is。用and连接两个句子，表示“游客”用visitor的复数，在句中作主语；表示“有可能做某事”用be likely to，主语为复数，be动词用are；表示“一睹其真容”用see its real look，位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形；表示“在六月底”用at the end of June，作时间状语。故翻译为The former residence of the pioneer is a humble wooden house, which is now under restoration, and visitors are likely to see its real look at the end of June. Guided Writing 76. 假如你是明启中学高三学生李华，收到外国朋友 Bill 的邮件，告诉你他准备学习汉语，现有两门汉语课程供他选择（课程信息如下表所示），但他对课程选择有些茫然，想听取你的建议。给Bill回复一封邮件，在邮件中你必须： 1.推荐其中一门课程； 2.通过比较两门课程的信息，说明你推荐该课程的理由。 课程名称 汉语听说 汉语读写 课程内容 日常会话 故事读写 授课安排 每周一、四 晚7:00-8:30，共8周 每周五 晚7:00-8:30，共16周 授课语言 全中文 中英双语 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Bill, Having learnt you are planning to study the Chinese language and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Listening and Speaking course or the Reading and Writing one, I, as a Chinese native speaker, am writing to put forward my own idea that the first option might be more suitable for you. The reasons behind the choice, as far as I can see, can be analyzed in three aspects. To begin with, as is universally acknowledged, listening and speaking is the very beginning and foundation of learning a language, be it the mother tongue or a foreign language. In addition, regarding the course is given twice a week, learning a foreign language intensively has been proved more effective by linguists. Last but not least, that the teaching language is Chinese only shall force you to listen attentively and speak earnestly, ensuring a fast progress in language skills. To sum up, the Listening and Speaking course will prove to be more relevant, effective and efficient, which, by contrast, cannot be achieved by the Reading and Writing course. It is, therefore, advisable that you choose the former. Hope the above might be of any help to you. Thank you for your time and wish you a great success in learning Chinese. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据图表内容给Bill回复一封邮件，推荐其中一门课程以及通过比较两门课程的信息，说明你推荐该课程的理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 此外：in addition→besides 首先：to begin with→first of all 总之：to sum up→all in all 明智的：advisable→wise 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last but not least, that the teaching language is Chinese only shall force you to listen attentively and speak earnestly, ensuring a fast progress in language skills. 拓展句：Last but not least, that the teaching language is Chinese only shall force you to listen attentively and speak earnestly, which ensures a fast progress in language skills. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having learnt you are planning to study the Chinese language and that you cannot decide whether to opt for the Listening and Speaking course or the Reading and Writing one, I, as a Chinese native speaker, am writing to put forward my own idea that the first option might be more suitable for you.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It is, therefore, advisable that you choose the former.（运用了it作形式主语句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2021年上海市高考英语试卷 Listening Comprehension Section A 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She is a policewoman. B. She is a shop assistant. C. She is a teacher. D. She is a doctor. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He lives near the East Lake. B. He is not interested in that school. C. He has not decided what major to choose. D. He wants to apply to East Lake College. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Comfort the man. B. Find the man a job. C. Keep the man company. D. Evaluate the man’s work. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. The title of a painter. B. A catalogue. C. The history of the 18th century. D. A work of art. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She will go to work on foot. B. She will get off at her office. C. She will take another means of transport. D. She will wait for the man at the next crossroads. 6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Prepare for the test on Chapter 9. B. Read aloud Chapter 9. C. Explain the assignment of Chapter 9. D. Talk about Chapter 9. 7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He will call off the next conference. B He can’t contact the woman by email. C. He will have his computer fixed tomorrow. D. He can’t decide on the date for the conference. 8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. She has put away the boy’s shoes. B. She will wash the boy’s shoes. C. The boy needn’t go to school today. D. The boy can’t get to school on time. 9. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. Pack the free pizzas. B Prepare lunch by herself. C. Work at Pizza Kitchen. D. Go to a health club to lose weight. 10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 A. He will get the reservation done. B. No twin room is available in March. C He will call the woman at a later time. D. The woman should change her schedule. Section B 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. A. Workers explore flexible approaches to fighting sleepiness at work. B. Companies need more facilities for their workers’ on-site napping. C. Companies encourage their workers to nap on the job. D. Workers demand more care about their sleep quality. 12. A. Go home for a 20-minute nap. B. Take a 10-minute nap at 3 p.m. C. Do sports with personal trainers. D. Sleep in a room with a bed and pillows. 13. A. Taking a nap improves his work efficiency. B. Using a calculator prevents him making mistakes. C. He works longer than any other employee in the firm. D. He works as an account ant in a consulting company. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. A. A search engine developed by a library. B. An introduction to the Pearl Library. C. A person-to-person information service. D. Changes that search engines bring to us. 15. A. It may give you a large number of results. B. It may cause your computer to break down. C. It will provide unreliable information. D. It will take a long time to show the answers. 16. A. It recommends what to read when you miss key information. B. It offers a satisfactory answer even to a vague question. C. It teaches you how to look for information. D. It is accessible for 9 hours 7 days a week. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. A. What benefits summer jobs have. B. How the woman can find a summer job. C. Which summer camp suits the woman. D. How they can succeed in an interview. 18. A. It will give her useful experience. B. It will be a better-paid job. C. It will enable her to keep in contact with him. D. It will secure a full-time job for her. 19. A. It is held every week. B. It opens for 9 hours. C. Participants shouldn’t dress casually. D. Participants needn’t carry their resumes. 20. A. She is going to be a teacher. B. She wants to be a top student. C. She is confident of her future. D. She takes interest in camp life. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Spread of Disease Traveling from one city to another can lead to the spread of disease.When people arrive in a new place, they may bring in bacteria that ___21___ present in the past. The people there have no natural protection ___22___ these new bacteria, so they catch the disease more easily. ___23___ it is unfamiliar, health workers may not identify it or stop it from spreading. People with the disease may continue to have contact with others. In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population. This was ___24___happened, for example, when soldiers travelled back home at the end of the First World War. These soldiers brought with them the Spanish flu, and ___25___ cost millions of lives. Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease. Take old air conditioners in windows as an example. They tend to collect dirt and water, which makes it easy for bacteria ___26___ (grow). Then when the air conditioner ___27___ (turn) on, the bacteria will be blown into the home or office and make people sick. Bacteria grow fast in the water of the cooling towers.They are then sent throughout the building with the air conditioning and can affect anyone in the building. Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976, by ___28___ time 221 people had become seriously ill. Pollution of the oceans can also be a factor in spreading disease. The pollution may be caused by fertilizers that wash into rivers and then into the ocean, or by human waste ___29___ (dump) directly into the ocean with no processing. These pollutants result in the increased growth of tiny plants that are called algae. They can form a thick mass in the water, ___30___ (provide) a perfect environment for cholera, a fatal disease. Section B Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A.allow B.bothering C.gap D.inaccessible E.inefficient F.jumped G.personalized H.place I.purchase J.skipping K.strategies Grocery shopping in person or online: Which is better? Karen Spade knows how to collect coupons (优惠券) and price match. She runs her own savings website to teach others to shop and save as she does. Yet when a nearby grocery store started offering online shopping about month ago, Spade ___31___ at the chance to try it. She didn’t even care there was a delivery fee and the store did not ___32___ paper coupons or price matching for online orders. Why would a power shopper be willing to give up some of her favorite savings ___33___ to shop online? “For shoppers ___34___ to collect coupons and price match, shopping in-store will bring bigger savings,” Spade explained.“But many people are never going to do that and, for them online shopping is another way to save, because you can keep an eye on your running total as you shop to stick to your budget.” So Spade took the plunge and managed to ___35___ her first order. “I went to the store afterwards to test out what the price ___36___would have been,” she said, “and I found everything ordered was the same price at the store.” So if this is the case，then it’s all about whether you can make back the delivery fee. Stores charge between $7.95 and $12.95 to deliver your groceries, depending on the size of your ___37___. You offset (抵消) little of that money right away because you do not have to pay for gas, but the biggest benefit is the time saved by ___38___ the trip. Shopping online saves time in another way. Even on your very first online shopping trip, if you enter your loyalty card number, all the products you’ve bought before at the store should pop up as a(n) ___39___ shopping list. Just click the ones you’d like to buy again and you’re done. No ___40___ wandering in the store. Reading Comprehension Section A People believe that having pets is overall a good thing for children. But does this belief hold up to ___41___? The new field of human﹣animal interaction aims to find out. Ten years ago, when psychologist Joan Smith reviewed the literature on child﹣animal relationships, she reported that interacting with animals led young children to better understand biology than pet﹣less children. Kindergarteners who had cared for goldfish were more___42___ when responding to questions like “does a goldfish have a heart?” They also more easily___43___biological information from one species to another, inferring that baby frogs get bigger just like goldfish do. She also reports that those kids who turned to their pets for emotional support were less___44___than these who didn’t. The past ten years have seen some advances, but literature on the topic is still rather___45___. A recent paper by researcher Meg Brown at Lakeside University___46___ some important information to the discussion. She turned to a dataset that includes information from 7, 000 kids, ranging in___47___from thirteen to nineteen years. For the study, both pet owning and other types of___48___ activities, like horseback riding, were considered as human﹣animal interaction experience. She found that adolescents with animal experience were more likely to see themselves as important ___49___to their communities, such as doing community service. She also found that the higher the level of____50____between a teenager and animals, the higher they scored on measurements of emotional connectedness in general. While causality(因果关系) cannot be determined, Brown says that it is at least ____51____ that children and adolescents can learn about healthy social relationships from their experiences of interacting with animals. “If a connection exists between the skills required for these relationships, then it might be useful to make use of animal relationships as a way to____52____ the development of social skills,” she says. Brown is aware of the limitations of her study. It can’t reach any conclusions about the causal role of animals in kids’ lives, and it’s limited to____53____ nationwide. Besides, the study was not designed to ____54____any potential negative effects of human﹣animal interaction experiences. Some other studies, for example, have shown that pet owners have higher levels of psychological____55____，like depression, than non﹣pet owners. 41. A. common sense B. scientific evidence C. universal assumptions D. natural tendencies 42. A. enthusiastic B. curious C. accurate D. serious 43. A. transferred B. collected C. judged D. spread 44. A. cautious B. vigorous C. ambitious D. anxious 45. A. limited B. reliable C. varied D. fascinating 46. A. owes B. adds C. restricts D. adapts 47. A. status B. age C. height D. performance 48. A. animal﹣watching B. animal﹣led C. animal﹣friendly D. animal﹣related 49. A. donators B. delegates C. contributors D. witnesses 50 A. difference B. isolation C. attachment D. disapproval 51. A. possible B. questionable C. misleading D. uncertain 52. A. block B. stress C. involve D. promote 53. A. teenagers B. researchers C. pet﹣less children D. pet owners 54. A. do away with B. throw light on C. take advantage of D. make up for 55. A. needs B. tests C. explanations D. disorders Section B (A) A Swedish Professor at Natural History came out to the farm to ask me for help. He had come to Africa to find out at what stage of the embryo(胚胎) state the foot of the monkeys begins to differ from the human foot. For this purpose he meant to go and shoot Colobus monkeys on Mount Elgon. “You will never find out from the Colobus monkeys,” I said to him, “they live in the tops of the trees and are shy and difficult to shoot. It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want.” The Professor was hopeful. He was going to stay out till he had got his foot, he said, even if it was be for years. He had applied to the Game Department for permission to shoot the monkeys he wanted. The permission he was, in view of the high scientific object of his research, certain to get, but so far, he had had no reply. “How many monkeys have you asked to be allowed to shoot?” I asked him He told me that he had, to begin with, asked for permission to shoot fifteen hundred monkeys. Now I knew the people at the Game Department, and I assisted him to send in a second letter asking for a reply by return of post, since the Professor was keen to get off on his research. The answer from the Game Department did, for once, come by return of post. The Game Department, they wrote, were pleased to inform Professor Landgreen that, in view of the scientific object of his research, they had seen their way to make an exception from their rules, and to raise the number of monkeys on his license from four to six. I had to read the letter over twice to the Professor. When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word. To my expressions of sympathy he made no reply, but walked out of the house, got into his car and drove away sadly. 56. By “It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want”, the author implies that ______. A. it was no easy job to get Colobus monkeys B. there were very few Colobus monkeys in Africa C. he wished the Professor good luck in doing the research D. the Professor was sure to obtain the embryo despite the difficulties 57. What can be learned about the Game Department from the passage? A. It funded the Professor’s scientific research. B. It allowed the Professor to shoot only six monkeys. C. It was set up to help researchers to find wild animals. D. It made rules about where to shoot Colobus monkeys. 58. Why did the Professor say nothing after the author read the letter to him? A. The Professor found his research was meaningless. B. The Professor realized his cruelty in shooting monkeys. C. The Professor couldn’t carry out his research as expected D. The Professor felt sorry for brining trouble to the author. 59. Which of the following is covered in the passage? A. The scarcity of Colobus monkeys. B. The change of the Professor’s mood. C. The origin of the Game Department. D. The significance of animal protection. （B） COMMON RUNNING INJURIES Running is a great form of exercise. However, running under certain conditions can cause a variety of injuries. The National Running Association recently released the results of its latest survey on common running injuries, as illustrated in the picture on the right. According to the survey results, the most reported cases are related to knee injury and muscle pull, with the former occurring a little less frequently. About a quarter of the respondents say they have had plantar fasciitis. The number of respondents suffering from Achilles tendonitis or shin splints is nearly twice that of those with stress fracture, which is also what fewest respondents report. There are two main causes of running injury: structural imbalance and training volume. Structural imbalance occurs when a certain muscle group is weak and requires other muscle groups to help. The body adapts to stresses and becomes stronger. This is the basic principle of training. However, if you push too fast or run too far, you can stress the body in such a way that it never has time to fully recover. Training progression and moderation are the keys to avoiding overuse injury. Here are several ways to avoid running injury. Prepare your body for running by walking. Understand your body type and be patient. Follow a sensible training plan or find a coach. Wear the right shoes. The cause of the injury is not easy to diagnose. For example, a foot problem can cause a problem in the knees or back. Finding and treating the cause of a running injury is the job of a trained doctor. More importantly, listen to your body and recognize the signs of overtraining so that you can avoid running injury. 60. Which group of injuries best fits the blanks numbered ①, ②, ③and ④in the picture? A. ①knee injury; ②muscle pull; ③stress fracture; ④shin splints B. ①muscle pull; ②knee injury; ③stress fracture; ④Achilles tendonitis C. ①knee injury; ②muscle pull; ③shin splints; ④stress fracture D. ①muscle pull; ②knee injury; ③Achilles tendonitis; ④stress fracture 61. According to the passage, which of the following leads to structural imbalance? A. Using some muscles more intensely than others. B. Training weak muscles more often than strong ones. C. Adapting your body to stresses slowly. D. Giving your body little time to recover. 62. According to the passage, if you want to find out why your back and knees hurt after running you had better ________. A. turn to a coach for help B. consult a trained doctor C. understand your body type first D. wear another pair of running shoes （C） At a conference on self-driving cars, Mike Harp, a government official, asked a seemingly simple question about what happens when his own car meets a driverless vehicle. “If I honk (按喇叭), will it do any good?” Harp wanted to know. Unfortunately, manufacturers didn’t have an answer. “We haven’t reached that point of deciding how and whether it would be appropriate for vehicles to react and in which way to honking,” said one of them. The brief exchange highlights a thorn in the side of automakers and policymakers alike: Self-driving cars will have to share the road with human drivers, likely for decades to come. Those vehicles must therefore respond and adapt to the peculiarities and mistakes of humans behind the wheel. Self-driving technology has already come a long way. Cars being tested on the road today use cameras and radar, for example, to detect the movements of nearby cyclists and pedestrians. There are already driver-assist technologies built into some cars that monitor the speed of vehicles around you, detect potential accidents before they occur, and automatically slow or stop the car to avoid a wreck. In a world where all cars drive themselves, the technology could operate at peak efficiency. Supporters of self-driving cars say that speed limits could be raised and fatal crashes largely avoided as no traffic laws are broken and poor drivers become a thing of the past. But the change to driverless vehicles is expected to be gradual, and will likely start with ride-sharing services, as the costs of personally owning a self-driving car remain extremely high. That means man and machine will have to play nice on roadways. “There are so many interesting situations,” such as honking a horn, Harp said. “When another car with a driver meets a self-driving car without a driver in there and they realize that, it will frighten some people. How that’s going to be dealt with will be part of the fun part of this process.” Any driver can tell you that driving involves a lot of social interaction, particularly the hand gestures and eye contact of fellow drivers. Much of that interaction between drivers will eventually be digital as cars increasingly collect data and share it with the vehicles around them. If a car speeds up, slows down or prepares for a stop, for example, that would be communicated immediately and electronically to the other vehicles on the road. Like self-driving technology, however, it will be years before the vehicle-to-vehicle communication is common. That challenge is being taken into account as driverless vehicles are tested on public roads. But the honking issue is particularly tricky because it's subject to interpretation. It’s going to be really hard for a driverless vehicle, even if it hears the honk, to figure out what that honk means. 63. In paragraph 1，“a thorn” refers to ______. A. the issue that human drivers have peculiarities and make mistakes. B. the prediction that self-driving cars will be common in the future. C. the fact that driverless cars co-exist with cars driven by humans. D. the technology that ensures driverless cars are safe on the road. 64. Which of the following can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Most people don’t advocate self-driving technology. B. Inter-vehicle communication is superior to inter-personal interaction. C. Social interaction will decrease among drivers behind the wheel. D. More data is needed to make self-driving technology a reality much sooner. 65. Which example is used to illustrate that self-driving technology is not something new? A. A car communicates its speed to the other vehicles. B. A driverless car is likely to frighten human drivers. C. Speed limits are raised in a world of self-driving cars. D. Car cameras and radar are used to detect moving people. 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The simple question about self-driving cars we still can’t answer B. A golden opportunity for driverless cars we can’t afford to miss C. Hidden secrets of self-driving cars we can’t reveal D. Potential risks of driverless cars we can’t ignore Section C Food & Health Myths Every day there is new information about food and health products. Newspapers regularly have articles that discuss how certain foods or drinks are good or bad for you. Some television shows often deal with new stories about how consuming certain substances can affect your body. ___67___ One myth about food and health is that eggs are bad for your heart. Although they are indeed high in cholesterol (胆固醇) and fat，it’s not true that eating eggs every day will damage your heart. ___68___As far as fat goes, it’s the yellow part of the egg that contains all the fat. So if you’re worried about the fat content of eggs, go ahead and just eat the whites. You might also choose to buy certain kinds of eggs that have less fat content depending on the diet of the animal. Check your local supermarket for more information. ___69___Although it was once thought to have unique properties, other types of alcohol can have the same effects. A study conducted recently revealed that people who drank red wine did not live any longer than those who drank other kinds of spirits, such as beer or white wine. It seems that the alcohol itself improves an individual’s health by raising the levels of good cholesterol and decreasing bad cholesterol. The alcohol also serves to increase blood flow and assist in blood clotting (凝结). ___70___ Consumers who are especially concerned about their health should think carefully about new information they read about or see on television. A. Another popular belief is that red wine, like other drinks, may be harmful to you if consumed too much. B. Apart from that, many people believe drinking red wine is especially good for your heart. C. Eggs are high in cholesterol and fat despite the fact that they are a nutritious source of energy. D. There are many other myths common in our society about food and health. E. This is because the body can deal with the extra cholesterol by reducing the amount it produces. F. With such a steady stream of information, it’s understandable that a few popular myths about food and health are floating around. Summary Writing 71. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ann Grand：a visual thinker Ann Grand is a visual thinker.When somebody speaks to her, the words are instantly translated into pictures, like a video in her head. Unlike most people, her thoughts move from video-like images to generalizations and concepts. Furthermore, her memories usually appear in her imagination in order of time, and the image visualized are always specific. For example, if she thinks about a chimney, she sees detailed pictures, like the one in her old house, and then those in her hometown. That one word can turn into a full-length video in her head.Grand’s mind works like the Internet search engine which produces dozens of images of an object a user is searching for. Visual thinking has enabled Grand to build entire systems in her imagination, which works similarly to a computer program because it can produce three-dimensional design simulations. This was important to her as an equipment designer for the livestock industry. Before she started construction on her designs, she would test-run the equipment in her mind. She formed mental pictures of her designs in every possible situation, with different sizes and breeds of cattle and in different weather conditions. This process made it possible for her to correct mistakes before construction started. Grand’s mind is also sensitive to details, which was important in her work with cattle. Her sharp awareness of the visual world led to noteworthy observations about animals. She noticed many little things that most people would not consider that scared the cattle. For example, a coat on a fence or a pipe on the floor would frighten them away. Grand’s visualization abilities have also helped her understand the animals she has worked with. This led her to create designs ranging from sweeping, curved fences intended to reduce the stress experienced by animals that were going to be killed to systems for handling sick cattle and pigs. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Translation 72. 你坐会儿，我来看管这六件行李。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 73. 打喷嚏的时候务必用纸巾遮住口鼻。(Do) （汉译英） 74. 这位头发花白的外交官与老友不期而遇，脑海中浮现出那段为理想而奋斗的青春岁月。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ 75. 这位先驱者的故居是间不起眼的木屋，现正修复中，游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________ Guided Writing 76. 假如你是明启中学高三学生李华，收到外国朋友 Bill 的邮件，告诉你他准备学习汉语，现有两门汉语课程供他选择（课程信息如下表所示），但他对课程选择有些茫然，想听取你的建议。给Bill回复一封邮件，在邮件中你必须： 1.推荐其中一门课程； 2.通过比较两门课程的信息，说明你推荐该课程的理由。 课程名称 汉语听说 汉语读写 课程内容 日常会话 故事读写 授课安排 每周一、四 晚7:00-8:30，共8周 每周五 晚7:00-8:30，共16周 授课语言 全中文 中英双语 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $