精品解析：四川省南充市南充高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

南充高中2022—2023学年度下学期期中考试 高2021级英语试题 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷共10页，答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. In a library. C. In a zoo. 2. How will tourists travel around the village? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 3. What is the man invited to do this evening? A. Go to the cinema. B. See an art show. C. Watch a basketball game. 4. Why does Brian go to the hospital? A. To see a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To bring a book to Mary. 5. What is the woman trying to do? A. Type a report. B. Print out a file. C. Set up a cloud drive. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A party. B. A picnic. C. Sunbathing. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and waitress. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman say about the new toy car? A. It is a bargain. B. It is brightly colored. C. It makes various sounds. 9. Who did the woman buy the toy car for? A. Her son. B. Her nephew. C. Her grandson. 10. What is the man’s real worry about the truck? A. Its safety. B. Its cost. C. Its speed. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the team lose the first match? A. Two star players were injured. B The judges made terrible calls. C. The opposing team was stronger. 12. Which match was particularly embarrassing for the man’s team? A. The first. B. The second. C. The final. 13. What has the man decided to do next? A. Go to cheer his team. B. Support another team. C. Watch chess online. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the man most interested in? A. Cleaning. B. Customer service. C. Housekeeping. 15. What is the man’s major at college? A. Opera. B. History. C. Spanish. 16. When does the man expect to start work? A. On 25th. B. On 26th. C. On 27th. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is Rachid Bouanou at present? A. A sailor. B. A bookseller. C. A repairman. 18. How many book stands are open along the Seine River now? A. 230. B. 247. C. 500. 19. What are the booksellers allowed to do? A. Use the spots forever. B. Pay the rent by the year. C. Close up at most three days a week. 20. How does Kubilai Iksel feel about the return of the book stands? A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Worried. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A TV Shows For Teens A study found that although new types of media are available to youngsters today, television continues to be important. Teens continue their habit of watching TV during adolescence and even start to rely on it for their knowledge expansion. Here is a list of TV shows for your teens' viewing pleasure: Ancient Aliens As your teens are old enough to understand Unidentified Flying Objects and aliens, you can encourage them to watch Ancient Aliens. This American television series will bring your teens the fascinating topics of extraterrestrial（外星球的）presence and the scientific proof behind the claims. Channel: History Superhumans The American documentary series were aired from 2010 to 2014, whose aim was to discover human beings with a superhuman level of extraordinary physical or mental abilities. The show, which attempts to uncover the scientific secret behind their “gifts”, will help your teens learn about the scientific reasons of superhuman abilities. Channel: Sci-Fi Megascience Providing an abundance of scientific information in an easy and comprehensible way is Megascience's style. All your teens' most puzzling scientific questions are answered in this show clearly and in detail, telling everything related to science. Channel: Discovery Science Science of Stupid This show, broadcast in various versions in different countries, mixes science along with fun. While addressing various scientific principles, it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions, such as what happens when you use the wrong type of balloon, through funny videos. Channel: National Geographic 1 On which channel can teens watch a show about UFOs? A. History. B. Sci-Fi. C. Discovery Science. D. National Geographic. 2. What is Science of Stupid special about? A. Its popularity. B. Its style. C. Its meaning. D. Its audience. 3. What do the four shows have in common? A. They talk about science. B. They have many versions. C. They are brand-new shows. D. They are aired around the world. B A small accident led to profound changes in the life of Yang Li, an artisan (手艺人), who is from the Miao ethnic group. In 201l, Yang, from Tongren city in Guizhou province, created leaf vein (脉络) embroidery (刺绣) three months after a leaf cut her hand. The work is a perfect combination of traditional embroidery patterns and the natural textures (纹理) of the leaves It has a unique aesthetic appeal of traditional embroidery matched with the characteristics of contemporary craftsmanship. As a native Miao woman with an inborn love of embroidery, Yang opened a folk culture products shop with her sister in 2011. “People are becoming less familiar with traditional handicrafts, and I want to contribute all I can to change this situation,” Yang says. At first, the small shop did not earn a significant income as there were many similar products on the market. She gradually realized that it was important to establish her own brand and launch products with distinct features. That’s when she was inspired by the cut. In July 2011, Yang accidentally cut her hand on a thorny leaf when she was hiking in Fanjing Mountain. A bold idea came into her head: “There are leaf-vein bookmarks and leaf-vein paintings. Why has nobody created leaf-vein embroider yet?” Obviously, the reason behind this is that embroidering on leaves requires delicate skills that few possess. The biggest technical challenge Yang faced was improving the flexibility of the leaves and making them as soft as cloth. On Oct 16, a day she will never forget, Yang finally created a shiny, thin and unbreakable piece of leaf vein. Her idea of leaf-vein embroidery came to completion after hundreds of experiments. Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to more than 500 laid-off female workers, rural women and people with disabilities. “I will keep doing the leaf vein embroidery for the rest of my life because it is meaningful,” she says. 4. What do we know about Yang Li’s folk culture products shop? A. It was inspired by a cut by a leaf in her hand. B. It was a failure before she began to sell similar products. C. It was intended to preserve traditional Chinese handicrafts. D. It perfectly combined traditional Chinese books and drawings. 5. What is Yang Li’s difficulty in making her leaf-vein embroidery? A. Finding cloth with vein-like texture. B. Creating a new embroidery pattern. C. Changing leaves into unbreakable cloth. D. Softening up leaves for better flexibility. 6. Which of the following best describes Yang Li? A. Ambitious and innovative. B. Caring and patient. C. Persistent and demanding. D. Humorous and optimistic. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. An embroidery skill. B. A promising career. C. A cultural shop. D. An admirable artisan. C The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said. Prof Steve Brusatte, a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested the way other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future. He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago. Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat,” he writes. Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly, which does raise the question: if temperatures do spike really quickly, might humans get smaller? And I think that’s certainly reasonable. In a recent study, researchers studying human remains over the past million years have also suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation, while scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources. Lister is also sceptical that humans will shrink as the climate heats. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.” 8. According to Brusatte, early horses got smaller in body size in order to A. keep warm B. avoid hunters C. stay cool D. keep balance 9. What does the underlined word “spike” probably mean? A. Fall. B. Go up. C. Remain steady. D. Change. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the new finding? A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Confused. D. Positive. 11. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To demonstrate the relationship between nature and people’s lifestyle. B. To cast light on the potential impact of changed mammal body size. C. To introduce the correlations between climate change and human body size. D. To warn people of the survival crisis mammals are faced with. D Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are just a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed enjoyment. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive (冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve our long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment, and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 12. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people _______. A. avoid various possible troubles. B. communicate well with others. C. show proper behaviors consciously. D. deal with more important things timely. 13. What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A. Those having the highest IQ scores. B. Those respecting the teacher most. C. Those having the greatest willpower. D. Those performing most actively in class. 14. What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A. Few children could get two treats. B. Not all the kids was short of patience. C. Most of the children ate another treat. D. Self-control is very important for one’s future. 15. Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A. Consuming plenty of sweet food. B. Staying up late at night often. C. Copying others’ homework. D. Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How To Cultivate Your Confidence Self-confidence, the combination of self-efficacy and self-esteem, is an essential part of humanity. A person with self-confidence generally is willing to take risks to achieve his personal goals. Someone who lacks self-confidence, however, is less likely to feel that he can achieve his goals. ___16___ Identify your negative thoughts, Your negative thoughts might sound like this: “I can’t do that,” “I will surely fail”. This inner voice is pessimistic and unhelpful and will hold you back from achieving high self-esteem and greater self-confidence. Turn your negative thoughts to positive thoughts. ___17___This may take the form of positive affirmations, such as “I am going to try it,” “I can be successful if I work at it,” or “people will listen to me.” Start with just a few positive thoughts a day. Refuse to allow negative thoughts to occur more often than positive thoughts. Eventually, your positive thoughts should be given more “brain space” than your negative thoughts. ___18___ ___19___Avoid spending time around things that can make you feel bad about yourself again. These might be reminders from the past, clothing that no longer fits, or places that don’t fit with your new goals of gaining confidence. Though you may not be able to get rid of every negative source in your life, you can certainly think about how to cut your losses. ___20___ A. Get away from your past. B. Rid reminders of your negativity. C. This will go a long way in building up your self-confidence. D. This means that you can have an abundance of self-confidence. E. The more your positive thoughts get, the less your negative thoughts get. F. As you pay attention to your negative thoughts, turn them around to positive thoughts. G. The good news is that self-confidence is something that you can build on your own. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题上将该项涂黑。 In a national spelling contest (竞赛)in America, an 11-year-old girl was asked to spell a certain word. But with her ___21___voice the judges were not sure if she spelled the word with the letter A or E. They talked it over and ___22___ decided to simply ask her what she had said. By now, the girl knew she had ___23___ the word. But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the ___24___ letter — so she lost the contest. As the girl walked off the ___25___ , the entire audience stood to their feet clapping to applaud her___26___ . Later, dozens of newspaper reporters wrote about this 11– year–old girl’s honesty, even when it ___27___ her the contest. But the fact is that she ___28___ the biggest contest that day: the contest of her___29___ . Probably the biggest test of our character and honesty is what we would do if we knew we would never get ___30___. This young girl could easily have___31___ and nobody would have known it but herself. But that’s just it: She would know she did wrong. It’s been said, “If you ___32___ , you make yourself cheap.” This young girl was strong and smart enough to value her own ___33___ and character more than the prize from a spelling ___34___ . Her respect for herself was more important than any ___35___ others might give her for winning a contest. She knew she would have to live with herself and the ___36___ she made in that moment will have long–lasting influence. It’s so true that the choices you make today ___37___ what you are tomorrow. Our children will___38___ our behavior much more than our advice. So if we want them to ___39___ to be honest, we must show them the way by being honest ourselves. Remember, our kids are___40___ what we do and how we live even when we don’t think they see or know. 21. A. high B. sweet C. tough D. soft 22. A. finally B. kindly C. secretly D. totally 23. A. forgotten B. mispronounced C. misspelled D. lost 24. A. correct B. wrong C. different D. same 25. A. stage B. studio C. test D. classroom 26. A. bravery B. honesty C. courage D. cleverness 27. A. stopped B. cost C. offered D. wasted 28. A. achieved B. broke C. won D. defeated 29. A. reputation B. knowledge C. life D. character 30. A. paid B. awarded C. caught D. reported 31. A. escaped B. lied C. changed D. answered 32. A. accept B. fight C. insist D. cheat 33. A. feeling B. conscience C. diligence D. modesty 34. A. contest B. champion C. judge D. expert 35. A. sense B. pride C. respect D. awareness 36. A. plan B. conclusion C. discovery D. choice 37 A. make B. change C. keep D. create 38. A. give B. take C. follow D. set 39. A. grow up B. bring up C. take up D. come up 40. A. recording B. inspecting C. correcting D. watching 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can date back to more than 1,400 years ago, ____41____leading actors used to wear masks. As the operatic arts developed, ____42____ (perform) gradually took off their masks and painted colorful patterns on their faces instead, so people could better see____43____ (they) facial expressions. Chinese Opera facial makeup is a special makeup method____44____Chinese cultural characteristics. ____45____painting technique for Chinese facial makeup in dramas is closely related to the character's personality. Over the years of development, it____46____ (become) an important part of Chinese culture. There____47____ (be) four roles in facial makeup sheng, dan, jing, and chou. Chinese facial-makeup is____48____ (extreme) stylized in the colors and patterns used, but no two painted faces are alike. For example, there are more than 100 face-painting styles____49____ (design) for Xiang Yu, the hero in Farewell My Concubine, and each one is different. Various types of Chinese facial makeup enable the audience_____50_____ (know) a character easily and get more involved in the appreciation of the performance. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 I’m still a ordinary Senior 3 student, struggling to balance school work and my personal life under great pressures. I’m always wondering how my life will be like when I’m 30 years old. Encouraging by a famous professional interpreter, I have always dreamed becoming an interpreter. I suppose that after 14 years of hard work, you will definitely achieve this dream. I know that taking on this job meant taking on a great deal of responsibility. Serving as a bridge of communication, and I’ll work to improve the relationships between countries and making China's voice heard by the world. I’ll do my share to contribute to a peace world. 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 3月3日是“世界野生动植物日”，请你以南充高中诚小勇的名义写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们加入到保护野生动物的行动中来。内容包括： 1. 野生动物的现状； 2. 保护野生动物的意义； 3. 保护野生动物的措施。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：野生动植物日 World Wildlife Day Dear schoolmates， ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Cheng Xiaoyong 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南充高中2022—2023学年度下学期期中考试 高2021级英语试题 本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷共10页，答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. At home. B. In a library. C. In a zoo. 2. How will tourists travel around the village? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 3. What is the man invited to do this evening? A. Go to the cinema. B. See an art show. C. Watch a basketball game. 4. Why does Brian go to the hospital? A. To see a patient. B. To see a doctor. C. To bring a book to Mary. 5. What is the woman trying to do? A. Type a report. B. Print out a file. C. Set up a cloud drive. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A party. B. A picnic. C. Sunbathing. 7. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Hostess and guest. C. Customer and waitress. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does the woman say about the new toy car? A. It is a bargain. B. It is brightly colored. C. It makes various sounds. 9. Who did the woman buy the toy car for? A. Her son. B. Her nephew. C. Her grandson. 10. What is the man’s real worry about the truck? A. Its safety. B. Its cost. C. Its speed. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the team lose the first match? A. Two star players were injured. B The judges made terrible calls. C. The opposing team was stronger. 12. Which match was particularly embarrassing for the man’s team? A. The first. B. The second. C. The final. 13. What has the man decided to do next? A. Go to cheer his team. B. Support another team. C. Watch chess online. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What is the man most interested in? A. Cleaning. B. Customer service. C. Housekeeping. 15. What is the man’s major at college? A. Opera. B. History. C. Spanish. 16. When does the man expect to start work? A On 25th. B. On 26th. C. On 27th. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is Rachid Bouanou at present? A. A sailor. B. A bookseller. C. A repairman. 18. How many book stands are open along the Seine River now? A. 230. B. 247. C. 500. 19. What are the booksellers allowed to do? A. Use the spots forever. B. Pay the rent by the year. C. Close up at most three days a week. 20. How does Kubilai Iksel feel about the return of the book stands? A. Excited. B. Shocked. C. Worried. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A TV Shows For Teens A study found that although new types of media are available to youngsters today, television continues to be important. Teens continue their habit of watching TV during adolescence and even start to rely on it for their knowledge expansion. Here is a list of TV shows for your teens' viewing pleasure: Ancient Aliens As your teens are old enough to understand Unidentified Flying Objects and aliens, you can encourage them to watch Ancient Aliens. This American television series will bring your teens the fascinating topics of extraterrestrial（外星球的）presence and the scientific proof behind the claims. Channel: History Superhumans The American documentary series were aired from 2010 to 2014, whose aim was to discover human beings with a superhuman level of extraordinary physical or mental abilities. The show, which attempts to uncover the scientific secret behind their “gifts”, will help your teens learn about the scientific reasons of superhuman abilities. Channel: Sci-Fi Megascience Providing an abundance of scientific information in an easy and comprehensible way is Megascience's style. All your teens' most puzzling scientific questions are answered in this show clearly and in detail, telling everything related to science. Channel: Discovery Science Science of Stupid This show, broadcast in various versions in different countries, mixes science along with fun. While addressing various scientific principles, it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions, such as what happens when you use the wrong type of balloon, through funny videos. Channel: National Geographic 1. On which channel can teens watch a show about UFOs? A. History. B. Sci-Fi. C. Discovery Science. D. National Geographic. 2. What is Science of Stupid special about? A. Its popularity. B. Its style. C. Its meaning. D. Its audience. 3. What do the four shows have in common? A. They talk about science. B. They have many versions. C. They are brand-new shows. D. They are aired around the world. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合青少年观看的电视节目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据对小标题Ancient Aliens介绍下的“As your teens are old enough to understand Unidentified Flying Objects and aliens, you can encourage them to watch Ancient Aliens. (当你的孩子已经足够大，能够理解不明飞行物和外星人的时候，你可以鼓励他们观看远古的外星人。)”和“Channel: History”（历史频道）可知，青少年可以在历史频道观看关于不明飞行物的节目。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据对Science of Stupid的介绍“This show, broadcast in various versions in different countries, mixes science along with fun. While addressing various scientific principles, it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions, such as what happens when you use the wrong type of balloon, through funny videos.（这个节目在不同的国家以不同的版本播出，将科学与乐趣结合在一起。在解决各种科学原理的同时，它通过有趣的视频为一些基本问题提供了科学解释，比如当你使用错误类型的气球时会发生什么。）”可知，它以有趣的方式给青少年讲述科学规则，解释科学问题。由此可见，它的风格是其独特之处。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ancient Aliens下的“This American television series will bring your teens the fascinating topics of extraterrestrial presence and the scientific proof behind the claims.”（这部美国电视连续剧将为你的孩子们带来有关外星人存在的有趣话题，以及这些说法背后的科学依据。）；Superhumans下的“The show, which attempts to uncover the scientific secret behind their “gifts”,will help your teens learn about the scientific reasons of superhuman abilities.”（这档节目试图揭开这些“礼物”背后的科学秘密，将帮助孩子们了解超人能力产生的科学原因。）；Megascience下的“telling everything related to science.”（讲述了所有与科学有关的事情。）以及Science of Stupid下的“it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions”（它通过有趣的视频为一些基本问题提供了科学解释）可知，它们都与科学有关。故选A项。 B A small accident led to profound changes in the life of Yang Li an artisan (手艺人), who is from the Miao ethnic group. In 201l, Yang, from Tongren city in Guizhou province, created leaf vein (脉络) embroidery (刺绣) three months after a leaf cut her hand. The work is a perfect combination of traditional embroidery patterns and the natural textures (纹理) of the leaves. It has a unique aesthetic appeal of traditional embroidery matched with the characteristics of contemporary craftsmanship. As a native Miao woman with an inborn love of embroidery, Yang opened a folk culture products shop with her sister in 2011. “People are becoming less familiar with traditional handicrafts, and I want to contribute all I can to change this situation,” Yang says. At first, the small shop did not earn a significant income as there were many similar products on the market. She gradually realized that it was important to establish her own brand and launch products with distinct features. That’s when she was inspired by the cut. In July 2011, Yang accidentally cut her hand on a thorny leaf when she was hiking in Fanjing Mountain. A bold idea came into her head: “There are leaf-vein bookmarks and leaf-vein paintings. Why has nobody created leaf-vein embroider yet?” Obviously, the reason behind this is that embroidering on leaves requires delicate skills that few possess. The biggest technical challenge Yang faced was improving the flexibility of the leaves and making them as soft as cloth. On Oct 16, a day she will never forget, Yang finally created a shiny, thin and unbreakable piece of leaf vein. Her idea of leaf-vein embroidery came to completion after hundreds of experiments. Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to more than 500 laid-off female workers, rural women and people with disabilities. “I will keep doing the leaf vein embroidery for the rest of my life because it is meaningful,” she says. 4. What do we know about Yang Li’s folk culture products shop? A. It was inspired by a cut by a leaf in her hand. B. It was a failure before she began to sell similar products. C. It was intended to preserve traditional Chinese handicrafts. D. It perfectly combined traditional Chinese books and drawings. 5. What is Yang Li’s difficulty in making her leaf-vein embroidery? A. Finding cloth with vein-like texture. B. Creating a new embroidery pattern. C. Changing leaves into unbreakable cloth. D. Softening up leaves for better flexibility. 6. Which of the following best describes Yang Li? A. Ambitious and innovative. B. Caring and patient. C. Persistent and demanding. D. Humorous and optimistic. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. An embroidery skill. B. A promising career. C. A cultural shop. D. An admirable artisan. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了一位苗族绣娘杨丽，因手指被树叶划破而创作出“叶脉绣”的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘People are becoming less familiar with traditional handicrafts, and I want to contribute all I can to change this situation,’ Yang says.(人们对于传统手工艺越来越陌生了，我想尽我所能来改变这种状况)”可知，杨丽的民俗文化特产店是为了保护中国的传统手工艺。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The biggest technical challenge Yang faced was improving the flexibility of the leaves and making them as soft as cloth.(杨丽面临的最大技术挑战是提高叶子的柔韧性，让它们像布料一样柔软)”可知，杨丽在制作叶脉绣时遇到的困境是软化叶子以获得更好的灵活性。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2011, Yang, from Tongren city in Guizhou province, created leaf vein (脉络) embroidery (刺绣) three months after a leaf cut her hand.(2011年，来自贵州铜仁市的杨女士在一片树叶割伤了手三个月后创作了叶脉刺绣)”可知，杨丽很有创造性，根据最后一段“Two years later, Yang opened an embroidery processing factory and offered jobs to more than 500 laid-off female workers, rural women and people with disabilities. ‘I will keep doing the leaf vein embroidery for the rest of my life because it is meaningful,’ she says.(两年后，杨丽开了一家刺绣加工厂，为500多名下岗女工、农村妇女和残疾人提供了就业机会。她说：‘我这辈子都会继续做叶脉刺绣，因为它很有意义。’)”可知，杨丽有野心。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“In 2011, Yang, from Tongren city in Guizhou province, created leaf vein (脉络) embroidery (刺绣) three months after a leaf cut her hand.(2011年，来自贵州铜仁市的杨女士在一片树叶割伤了手三个月后创作了叶脉刺绣)”可知，文章主要介绍了一位苗族绣娘杨丽，因手指被树叶划破而创作出“叶脉绣”的故事，她致力于发展刺绣产业，帮助传承民族传统技艺。故D项“一位令人敬佩的手艺人”能够总结文章大意。故选D。 C The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said. Prof Steve Brusatte, a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested the way other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future. He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago. Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat,” he writes. Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added: “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly, which does raise the question: if temperatures do spike really quickly, might humans get smaller? And I think that’s certainly reasonable. In a recent study, researchers studying human remains over the past million years have also suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation, while scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller. However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources. Lister is also sceptical that humans will shrink as the climate heats. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.” 8. According to Brusatte, early horses got smaller in body size in order to A. keep warm B. avoid hunters C. stay cool D. keep balance 9. What does the underlined word “spike” probably mean? A. Fall. B. Go up. C. Remain steady. D. Change. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the new finding? A. Objective. B. Indifferent. C. Confused. D. Positive. 11. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text? A. To demonstrate the relationship between nature and people’s lifestyle. B. To cast light on the potential impact of changed mammal body size. C. To introduce the correlations between climate change and human body size. D. To warn people of the survival crisis mammals are faced with. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对气候变暖与人类体形之间关系的两种观点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)。根据第三段“He described the potential plight (境况，困境) of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55m years ago.(他将人类的潜在困境描述为与早期马相似的困境，大约5500万年前，随着气温上升，早期马的体型变得越来越小。)”和第四段的“The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their volume than plumper animals and can thus better shed (去除) excess heat(其原因尚不完全清楚，但在某种程度上，可能是因为较小的动物比丰满的动物有更大的表面积，因此可以更好地散热)”可知，早期的马体形变小是为了对抗气温升高。故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures(体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升)”和第四段的“That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures(这并不是说每一种哺乳动物都会变小，但这似乎是哺乳动物在温度……时常见的生存技巧)”可知，在温度高的地区，动物体形会变小，这是他们应对气候变化的生存技巧，因此spike意为“升高”，和go up意思相近。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。本文围绕气候变化对哺乳动物体形带来的影响，呈现了两方观点：第四段“Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule.(在《哺乳动物的崛起与统治》一书中，布鲁萨特指出，如今世界上温暖地区的动物通常比寒冷地区的动物小，这是一种被称为伯格曼法则的生态学原理。)”指出Prof Steve Brusatte认为哺乳动物为了应对气温升高而体形变小。根据倒数第二段的“However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to shrink. Prof Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong correlations between temperature and mammal body size may often be down to the availability of food and resources.(然而，并不是所有的专家都同意温度上升会导致哺乳动物萎缩。伦敦自然历史博物馆的Adrian Lister教授说，最近的人类遗骸研究显示的这种关系很弱，而温度和哺乳动物体型之间的强相关性可能往往取决于食物和资源的可获得性。)”可知，Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点。因此，作者只是客观陈述他人的观点，因此作者的态度应是客观的。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The climate crisis may lead the human race to shrink in size, as mammals with smaller frames appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert has said.(一位著名化石专家称，气候危机可能导致人类体型缩小，因为体型较小的哺乳动物似乎能更好地应对全球气温上升。)”可知，文章第一段提出气候危机可能导致人类体形变小，第二段至第六段讲到由Prof Steve Brusatte的研究发现气温是导致哺乳动物体形变化的主要因素。最后两段提到Prof Adrian Lister持质疑观点， 认为人类体形变化主要与食物和资源变化有关，因此作者写文章的目的是介绍气候变化与人体尺寸之间的相关性。故选C。 D Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals. Common goals such as losing weight, exercising regularly, eating healthy food, giving up bad habits, and saving money are just a few worthwhile ambitions that people believe require self-control. One 2011 survey conducted by the American Psychological Association found that 27 percent of subjects identified a lack of willpower as the primary factor keeping them from reaching their goals. Researchers have found that people who have better self-control tend to be healthier and happier. In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores. The psychologist Walter Mischel conducted famous experiments in 1975 that were related to delayed enjoyment. In these experiments, children were offered a choice: they could choose to eat one treat right away, usually a cookie or a candy or they could wait for a brief period of time in order to get two treats. At this point, the researcher would leave the child alone in a room with a single treat. Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat. Based on his research, Mischel proposed what he referred to as a “hot-and-cool” system to explain the ability to delay gratification. The hot system refers to the part of our willpower that is emotional and impulsive (冲动的) and urges us to act upon our desires. The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses. Self-control is an important skill that allows us to regulate behavior in order to achieve our long-term goals. Research has shown that self-control is not only important for goal attainment, and people with greater willpower also tend to do better on all sides. 12. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that a good self-control ability helps people _______. A. avoid various possible troubles. B. communicate well with others. C. show proper behaviors consciously. D. deal with more important things timely. 13. What kind of students does the author think will most probably do best in studies? A. Those having the highest IQ scores. B. Those respecting the teacher most. C. Those having the greatest willpower. D. Those performing most actively in class. 14. What can we learn from the experiments made by Mischel in 1975? A. Few children could get two treats. B. Not all the kids was short of patience. C. Most of the children ate another treat. D. Self-control is very important for one’s future. 15. Which of the following behaviors belongs to the cool system? A. Consuming plenty of sweet food. B. Staying up late at night often. C. Copying others’ homework. D. Quitting drinking high-sugar drinks. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自我控制的重要性及其对个人健康、幸福和目标达成的影响，包括通过实验研究展示的延迟满足能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Self-control is the ability to regulate and adjust responses in order to avoid undesirable behaviors, increase desirable ones, and achieve long-term goals.(自我控制是指调节和调整反应的能力，以避免不良行为，增加可取行为，并实现长期目标)”可知，良好的自我控制能力有助于人们有意识地表现出适当的行为。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In one experiment, students who exhibited greater self-control had better grades and higher test scores, and were more likely to be admitted to a competitive academic program. The study also found that when it came to academic success, self-control was a more important factor than IQ scores.(在一项实验中，表现出更强自我控制力的学生成绩更好，考试成绩更高，也更有可能被竞争激烈的学术项目录取。这项研究还发现，在学业成功方面，自我控制是比智商分数更重要的因素)”可知，作者认为意志力最强的学生最有可能在学习上取得最好的成绩。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Not surprisingly, many of the kids chose to eat the single treat the moment the experimenters left the room. However, some of the kids were able to wait for the second treat.(毫不奇怪，许多孩子在实验人员离开房间的那一刻就选择吃掉了那份单一的零食。然而，有些孩子能够等待得到第二份零食)”可推知，我们能从Mischel在1975年做的实验中学到并不是所有的孩子都缺乏耐心。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The cool system is the part of our willpower that is rational (理性的) and thoughtful, and enables us to consider the consequences of our actions in order to resist our impulses.(冷静系统是我们意志力中理性和深思熟虑的部分，它使我们能够考虑自己行为的后果，从而抵制自己的冲动)”可推知，戒掉喝高糖饮料属于冷静系统。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How To Cultivate Your Confidence Self-confidence, the combination of self-efficacy and self-esteem, is an essential part of humanity. A person with self-confidence generally is willing to take risks to achieve his personal goals. Someone who lacks self-confidence, however, is less likely to feel that he can achieve his goals. ___16___ Identify your negative thoughts, Your negative thoughts might sound like this: “I can’t do that,” “I will surely fail”. This inner voice is pessimistic and unhelpful and will hold you back from achieving high self-esteem and greater self-confidence. Turn your negative thoughts to positive thoughts. ___17___This may take the form of positive affirmations, such as “I am going to try it,” “I can be successful if I work at it,” or “people will listen to me.” Start with just a few positive thoughts a day. Refuse to allow negative thoughts to occur more often than positive thoughts. Eventually, your positive thoughts should be given more “brain space” than your negative thoughts. ___18___ ___19___Avoid spending time around things that can make you feel bad about yourself again. These might be reminders from the past clothing that no longer fits, or places that don’t fit with your new goals of gaining confidence. Though you may not be able to get rid of every negative source in your life, you can certainly think about how to cut your losses. ___20___ A. Get away from your past. B. Rid reminders of your negativity. C. This will go a long way in building up your self-confidence. D. This means that you can have an abundance of self-confidence. E. The more your positive thoughts get, the less your negative thoughts get. F. As you pay attention to your negative thoughts, turn them around to positive thoughts. G. The good news is that self-confidence is something that you can build on your own. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文作者针对如何建立自信这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。 【16题详解】 由文章标题“How To Cultivate Your Confidence (如何培养自信)”、上一句“Someone who lacks self-confidence, however, is less likely to feel that he can achieve his goals. (然而，一个缺乏自信的人，不太可能觉得自己能实现自己的目标)”和下文关于“培养自信的方法”可知，有人没有自信，但有方法帮助人们建立自信，可得出人们是可以自己建立自信的，承接上文，G项“好消息是自信是你可以依靠自己建立起来的。”切题。故选G项。 【17题详解】 由本段小标题“Turn your negative thoughts to positive thoughts. (把消极的想法变成积极的想法)”和下两句“This may take the form of positive affirmations, such as “I am going to try it,” “I can be successful if I work at it,” or “people will listen to me.” Start with just a few positive thoughts a day. (这可以采取积极的肯定的形式，比如“我要尝试一下”，“如果我努力的话我会成功的”，或者“人们会听我的。”每天从一些积极的想法开始)”可知，本段主要讲把消极的想法变成积极的想法的策略，承接上下文，F选项“当你注意到你的消极想法时，把它们转为积极的想法。”切题。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由本段小标题“Refuse to allow negative thoughts to occur more often than positive thoughts. (拒绝让消极思想比积极思想更频繁地出现)”和上一句“Eventually, your positive thoughts should be given more “brain space” than your negative thoughts. (最终，你的积极想法应该得到比消极想法更多的“大脑空间”)”可知，本段主要讲脑中的积极想法要比消极想法多，要给积极的想法更多的空间，这样消极的想法就越少，承接上文，E选项“积极的想法越多，消极的想法就越少。”切题。故选E项。 【19题详解】 由下两句“Avoid spending time around things that can make you feel bad about yourself again. These might be reminders from the past, clothing that no longer fits, or places that don’t fit with your new goals of gaining confidence. (避免把时间花在那些会让你再次自我感觉不好的事情上。这些可能是过去的提醒，不再合身的衣服，或者不适合你获得自信的新目标的地方)”可知，下文讲到要避免消极、不开心的事情，承接下文，B选项“消除你的消极情绪。”切题。故选B项。 【20题详解】 由上三句“Avoid spending time around things that can make you feel bad about yourself again. These might be reminders from the past, clothing that no longer fits, or places that don’t fit with your new goals of gaining confidence. Though you may not be able to get rid of every negative source in your life, you can certainly think about how to cut your losses. (避免把时间花在那些会让你再次自我感觉不好的事情上。这些可能是过去的提醒，不再合身的衣服，或者不适合你获得自信的新目标的地方。虽然你可能无法摆脱生活中的每一个负面因素，但你当然可以考虑如何减少损失)”和全文关于“培养自信的方法”相关内容可知，上文讲到要避免消极、不开心的事情，虽然无法摆脱每一个负面因素，但你可以考虑如何减少损失，这也是有助于建立自信的，承接上文，C选项“这将大大有助于建立你的自信。”切题。故选C项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题上将该项涂黑。 In a national spelling contest (竞赛)in America, an 11-year-old girl was asked to spell a certain word. But with her ___21___voice the judges were not sure if she spelled the word with the letter A or E. They talked it over and ___22___ decided to simply ask her what she had said. By now, the girl knew she had ___23___ the word. But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the ___24___ letter — so she lost the contest. As the girl walked off the ___25___ , the entire audience stood to their feet clapping to applaud her___26___ . Later, dozens of newspaper reporters wrote about this 11– year–old girl’s honesty, even when it ___27___ her the contest. But the fact is that she ___28___ the biggest contest that day: the contest of her___29___ . Probably the biggest test of our character and honesty is what we would do if we knew we would never get ___30___. This young girl could easily have___31___ and nobody would have known it but herself. But that’s just it: She would know she did wrong. It’s been said, “If you ___32___ , you make yourself cheap.” This young girl was strong and smart enough to value her own ___33___ and character more than the prize from a spelling ___34___ . Her respect for herself was more important than any ___35___ others might give her for winning a contest. She knew she would have to live with herself and the ___36___ she made in that moment will have long–lasting influence. It’s so true that the choices you make today ___37___ what you are tomorrow. Our children will___38___ our behavior much more than our advice. So if we want them to ___39___ to be honest, we must show them the way by being honest ourselves. Remember, our kids are___40___ what we do and how we live even when we don’t think they see or know. 21. A. high B. sweet C. tough D. soft 22. A. finally B. kindly C. secretly D. totally 23. A. forgotten B. mispronounced C. misspelled D. lost 24. A. correct B. wrong C. different D. same 25. A. stage B. studio C. test D. classroom 26. A. bravery B. honesty C. courage D. cleverness 27. A. stopped B. cost C. offered D. wasted 28. A. achieved B. broke C. won D. defeated 29. A. reputation B. knowledge C. life D. character 30. A. paid B. awarded C. caught D. reported 31. A. escaped B. lied C. changed D. answered 32. A. accept B. fight C. insist D. cheat 33. A. feeling B. conscience C. diligence D. modesty 34. A. contest B. champion C. judge D. expert 35. A. sense B. pride C. respect D. awareness 36. A. plan B. conclusion C. discovery D. choice 37. A. make B. change C. keep D. create 38. A. give B. take C. follow D. set 39. A. grow up B. bring up C. take up D. come up 40. A. recording B. inspecting C. correcting D. watching 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一个11岁的小女孩在一次拼写大赛上的诚实表现让她输掉了比赛，却赢得了当天最大的比赛，即品格的比赛，这对她会有终生的影响。我们所有人都应该诚实，因为我们的孩子时刻在注视着我们的所作所为，仿效我们的行为。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但由于她声音很柔，评委们不确定她拼写的单词是字母A还是E。A. high高的；B. sweet甜蜜的；C. tough强硬的；D. soft柔软的。根据下文的“...the judges were not sure if she spelled the word with the letter A or E.”可知，她的声音一定很轻。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们讨论了一番，最后决定直接问她说了什么。A. finally最后；B. kindly亲切地；C. secretly秘密地；D. totally完全地。 根据上文的“They talked it over”可知，评委们是讨论了一番之后，最后才作出决定。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，女孩知道她拼错了这个词。A. forgotten遗忘；B. mispronounced发音错误；C. misspelled拼错；D. lost丢失。根据第一句“In a national spelling contest （竞赛） in America, an 11–year–old girl was asked to spell a certain word.”可知，这是拼写竞赛，所以女孩一定是知道她拼错了单词。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她没有撒谎，而是说出了真相，说她说错了字母——所以她输了比赛。A. correct正确的；B. wrong错的；C. different不同的；D. same相同的。根据下文的“so she lost the contest”可知，女孩一定承认她说错了字母，所以她才输掉了比赛。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当女孩走下舞台时，所有的观众都站了起来，为她的诚实鼓掌。A. stage舞台；B. studio工作室；C. test测试；D. classroom教室。 根据句中的谓语动词“walk off”可知，女孩一定是从舞台上走下来。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当女孩走下舞台时，所有的观众都站了起来，为她的诚实鼓掌。A. bravery勇敢；B. honesty诚实；C. courage勇气；D. cleverness聪明。根据第一段的句子“But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the 　　　4　　　 letter — so she lost the contest.”可知，女孩很诚实，所以观众站起来为她的诚实鼓掌。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，几十家报纸的记者报道了这个11岁的女孩的诚实，即使这让她输掉了比赛。A. stopped停止；B. cost使丧失；C. offered提供；D. wasted浪费。根据第一段的句子“But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the 　　　4　　　 letter — so she lost the contest.”可知，小女孩输掉了比赛。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，她赢得了那天最大的比赛：她的品格的比赛。A. achieved实现；B. broke打破；C. won赢得；D. defeated击败。 根据第一段的句子“But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the 　　　4　　　 letter — so she lost the contest.”和第二段的句子“As the girl walked off the 　　5　　　　 , the entire audience stood to their feet clapping to applaud her　　6　　　　 . ”可知，虽然小女孩输掉了比赛，但是因为她的诚实，她却赢了那天最大的比赛，即品格的比赛。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但事实是，她赢得了那天最大的比赛：她的品格的比赛。A. reputation名声；B. knowledge知识；C. life生活；D. character品质；品格。 根据下一段的第一句话“Probably the biggest test of our character and honesty is what we would do if we knew we would never get 　　　　　　.”可知，这里说的“那天最大的比赛”是指“品格的比赛”。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许对我们性格和诚实的最大考验是，如果我们知道自己永远不会被抓到，我们会怎么做。A. paid付费；B. awarded授予；C. caught当场发现；D. reported报道。根据下一句“This young girl could easily have　　　　　　 and nobody would have known it but herself.”可知，这里说的是当我们知道我们不会被发现时。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩本能够很容易地撒谎，除了她自己没有人会知道。A. escaped逃脱；B. lied撒谎；C. changed改变；D. answered回答。根据第一段的句子“They talked it over and 　　　2　　　 decided to simply ask her what she had said. ”和“But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the 　　4　　　　 letter — so she lost the contest.”可知，小女孩当时本来能够很容易地撒谎而不被发现。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你作弊，你就是在贬低自己。A. accept接受；B. fight战斗；C. insist坚持；D. cheat欺骗。根据下文的“you make yourself cheap”可知，这里说的一定是“如果你作弊”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩坚强而聪明，比起拼写比赛的奖金，她更看重自己的良知和品格。A. feeling感觉；B. conscience良心；C. diligence勤勉；D. modesty谦虚。根据句意，和character是并列关系，与下文的the prize（奖金）形成对比的只能是conscience（良心）。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩坚强而聪明，比起拼写比赛的奖金，她更看重自己的良知和品格。A. contest比赛；B. champion冠军；C. judge裁判；D. expert专家。 根据文章第一句“In a national spelling contest (竞赛)in America, an 11–year–old girl was asked to spell a certain word. ”可知，这是一个拼写比赛。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对自己的尊重比别人对她赢得比赛的尊重更重要。A. sense感觉；B. pride骄傲；C. respect尊重；D. awareness意识。根据句中的than可知，这里是把“她对自己的尊重”和“别人对她赢得比赛的尊重”作对比。 故选C项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道她将不得不和自己一起生活，她在那一刻所做的选择将会产生深远的影响。A. plan计划；B. conclusion结论；C. discovery发现；D. choice选择。根据第一段的句子“But instead of lying, she told the truth that she had said the 　　　4　　　 letter — so she lost the contest.”可知，当时，小女孩有两个选择，如果她选择撒谎，可能赢得比赛，如果承认拼错了，就输掉比赛。故选D项。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天的选择决定了明天的你，这是千真万确的。A. make使成为；B. change变化；C. keep保持；D. create创造。 根据空格后的“what you are”可知，空格处应该填入make，意义为“使成为”。故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的孩子会仿效我们的行为，而不是我们的建议。A. give给予；B. take接受；C. follow仿效；D. set设置。 根据下文的“our behavior”和“...we must show them the way by being honest ourselves.”可知，这里说的是孩子们会仿效我们的行为。故选C项。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以，如果我们想让他们长大后变得诚实，我们必须通过自己诚实来给他们指明道路。A. grow up长大；B. bring up养育；C. take up占据；D. come up上来。根据上文的our children和空格前的them可知，这里说的是让孩子长大后变得诚实。故选A项。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：请记住，我们的孩子正在观察我们的所作所为和我们的生活方式，即使我们认为他们没有看到或知道。A. recording录音；B. inspecting检查；C. correcting纠正；D. watching注视。根据下文的“...even when we don’t think they see or know”可知，这里说的是“孩子们在观察我们的所作所为”。故选D项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of facial makeup used in Peking Opera can date back to more than 1,400 years ago, ____41____leading actors used to wear masks. As the operatic arts developed, ____42____ (perform) gradually took off their masks and painted colorful patterns on their faces instead, so people could better see____43____ (they) facial expressions. Chinese Opera facial makeup is a special makeup method____44____Chinese cultural characteristics. ____45____painting technique for Chinese facial makeup in dramas is closely related to the character's personality. Over the years of development, it____46____ (become) an important part of Chinese culture. There____47____ (be) four roles in facial makeup, sheng, dan, jing, and chou. Chinese facial-makeup is____48____ (extreme) stylized in the colors and patterns used, but no two painted faces are alike. For example, there are more than 100 face-painting styles____49____ (design) for Xiang Yu, the hero in Farewell My Concubine, and each one is different. Various types of Chinese facial makeup enable the audience_____50_____ (know) a character easily and get more involved in the appreciation of the performance. 【答案】41. when 42. performers 43. their 44. with 45. The 46. has become 47. are 48. extremely 49. designed 50. to know 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京剧中使用的脸谱的相关信息。 【41题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：京剧中使用的脸谱的起源可以追溯到1400多年前，当时主要演员都戴着面具。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是more than 1, 400 years ago，在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故填when。 42题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：随着戏曲艺术的发展，表演者逐渐摘下面具，在脸上画上五颜六色的图案，这样人们就能更好地看到他们的面部表情。此处用指人的名词作主语，performer是可数名词，指“不止一个表演者”，用名词复数形式。故填performers。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：随着戏曲艺术的发展，表演者逐渐摘下面具，在脸上画上五颜六色的图案，这样人们就能更好地看到他们的面部表情。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词短语facial expressions。故填their。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国戏曲脸谱是一种具有中国文化特色的特殊化妆方法。由句意可知，此处表“具有中国文化特色”，with...characteristic（具有……特征），介词with（具有）。故填with。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国脸谱的绘画技法与人物的个性密切相关。此处特指“中国戏曲脸谱的绘画技法”，用定冠词the表特指，首字母大写。故填The。 【46题详解】 考查时态。句意：经过多年的发展，它已成为中华文化的重要组成部分。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语Over the years可知，时态用现在完成时（has/have done），主语it是单数，谓语也用单数形式。故填has become。 【47题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：脸谱里有四个角色，生、旦、净和丑。此处缺乏谓语，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，主语four roles是复数，就近原则，谓语用复数形式。故填are。 【48题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国人的面部妆容在色彩和图案上都非常程式化，但没有两张画的脸是一样的。此处用副词extremely（非常）作状语，修饰动词stylized。故填extremely。 【49题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：例如，为《霸王别姬》中的主人公项羽设计的脸谱有100多种，每一种都不尽相同。本句已有谓语are且无连词，动词design用非谓语形式，名词短语face-painting styles和动词design是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作名词短语face-painting styles的后置定语。故填designed。 【50题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：各种各样的中国脸谱使观众更容易了解一个人物，并更多地参与到表演的欣赏中。固定搭配enable sb. to do sth.（使某人能做某事），用动词不定式（to do）形式。故填to know。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 51. 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 I’m still a ordinary Senior 3 student, struggling to balance school work and my personal life under great pressures. I’m always wondering how my life will be like when I’m 30 years old. Encouraging by a famous professional interpreter, I have always dreamed becoming an interpreter. I suppose that after 14 years of hard work, you will definitely achieve this dream. I know that taking on this job meant taking on a great deal of responsibility. Serving as a bridge of communication, and I’ll work to improve the relationships between countries and making China's voice heard by the world. I’ll do my share to contribute to a peace world. 【答案】1.a→an 2.pressures→pressure 3.how→what 4.Encouraging→Encouraged 5.在dreamed后加of/about 6.you→I 7.meant→means 8.去掉and 9.making→make 10.peace→peaceful 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，是作者对未来工作的畅想。 【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我仍然是一名普通的高三学生，在巨大的压力下努力平衡学业和个人生活。ordinary是元音音素开头，前面的不定冠词用an，故将a改为an。 2.考查不可数名词。句意：我仍然是一名普通的高三学生，在巨大的压力下努力平衡学业和个人生活。pressure是不可数名词，不用复数，故将pressures改为pressure。 3.考查宾语从句。句意：我总是想知道当我30岁的时候我的生活会是什么样子。“my life will be like”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“我总是想知道当我30岁的时候我的生活会是什么样子”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故将how改为what。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：在一位著名的专业口译员的鼓励下，我一直梦想成为一名口译员。句中谓语是have always dreamed，encourage用非谓语动词，由by可知，用过去分词encouraged表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故将Encouraging改为Encouraged。 5.考查介词。句意：在一位著名的专业口译员的鼓励下，我一直梦想成为一名口译员。dream of/about doing是固定短语，意为“梦想做某事”，因此空格处用介词of/about。故在dreamed后加of/about。 6.考查代词。句意：我想，经过14年的努力，我一定会实现这个梦想。根据语境可知，句子表示“我想，经过14年的努力，我一定会实现这个梦想”，主语是“我”，用I作主语，故将you改为I。 7.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我知道接受这项工作意味着承担很大的责任。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语taking on this job，谓语动词用单数，因此mean用第三人称单数，故将meant改为means。 8.考查连词。句意：作为沟通的桥梁，我将努力改善国家间的关系，让世界听到中国的声音。句中Serving是非谓语，will work是谓语，因此and是多余的，故去掉and。 9.考查不定式。句意：作为沟通的桥梁，我将努力改善国家间的关系，让世界听到中国的声音。“improve the relationships between countries”和“making China's voice heard by the world”之间是并列关系，都位于to的后面，此处是不定式表目的，因此making应该改为原形，故将making改为make。 10.考查形容词。句意：我将尽我的一份力量为世界的和平做出贡献。修饰名词world应该用形容词peaceful，意为“和平的”，故将peace改为peaceful。 第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 52. 3月3日是“世界野生动植物日”，请你以南充高中诚小勇的名义写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们加入到保护野生动物的行动中来。内容包括： 1. 野生动物的现状； 2. 保护野生动物的意义； 3. 保护野生动物的措施。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：野生动植物日 World Wildlife Day Dear schoolmates， ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely， Cheng Xiaoyong 【答案】Dear schoolmates, March 3 is World Wildlife Day whose aim is to raise awareness of wildlife protection. Unfortunately, many wild animals have disappeared or face the possibility of extinction. Meanwhile, many animals are hunted for fur or food. Undoubtedly, wildlife is an essential part of our planet, which plays a significant role in the ecology. The extinction of wildlife can have wide-ranging effects on humankind. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to protect wild animals, such as creating wildlife reserves to provide the animals with comfortable habitats and passing laws to raise the awareness of wildlife conservation to a higher level. Please join us and do your part to protect wild animals. I’m convinced our efforts will eventually pay off. Yours sincerely, Cheng Xiaoyong 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以南充高中诚小勇的名义写一封倡议信，呼吁同学们在世界野生动植物日关注并参与到保护野生动物的行动中来。 【详解】1.词汇积累 不幸地：unfortunately → sadly/unluckily 至关重要的：essential → crucial 在扮演重要的角色：play a significant role in → play an important part in 采取措施：take measures→ take steps 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, it is necessary to take effective measures to protect wild animals, such as creating wildlife reserves to provide the animals with comfortable habitats and passing laws to raise the awareness of wildlife conservation to a higher level. 拓展句：Therefore, it is necessary that we should take effective measures to protect wild animals, such as creating wildlife reserves to provide the animals with comfortable habitats and passing laws to raise the awareness of wildlife conservation to a higher level. 【点睛】【高分句型1】March 3 is World Wildlife Day whose aim is to raise awareness of wildlife protection.(运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Undoubtedly, wildlife is an essential part of our planet, which plays a significant role in the ecology.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$