Unit 1 训练7 培优提能练(1)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

训练7　培优提能练(一)　[分值：80.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A A new rule has been passed that will protect more than 50 of the world’s shark species，many of which are endangered.The rule was signed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)，which manages how people deal in plants and animals.Most of the world’s countries are members of CITES.The rule puts 60 shark species under the protection of CITES. One of the reasons sharks are endangered is that they are hunted for their fins，which are used in shark fin soup.The sharks that are hunted most for their fins include blue and tiger sharks，which are regarded as dangerous creatures.Thanks to this agreement，around 95% of sharks that people catch for their fins are now protected.This means that anyone trying to buy or sell these types of sharks must present an official document.These official documents will only be offered to people or companies who have proved to scientists that their business doesn’t endanger wildlife or damage the ocean. Conservationists(环保主义者) hope the deal will protect biodiversity in the sea.Sharks matter a great deal for this because they are usually apex animals that hunt，kill and eat other animals.That means they are at the highest point of the food chain—in other words，nothing else eats them.If sharks were to disappear，it would seriously impact sea life lower down the food chain，as some species’ numbers would increase fast.This could affect the weak balance of all sea life. All biologists are not in favor of the new rule.They think that making it harder to fish for sharks will make their fins even more expensive，which would in turn encourage illegal fishing.However，Shawn Heinrichs from Only One，a group that campaigns to protect the ocean，called it “The biggest win in the history of ocean species”． 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项新的国际协议，其目的是保护鲨鱼，维护海洋生物多样性。 1．Why is the new rule made? A．To control the trade in sharks. B．To protect biodiversity in the sea. C．To ban people from fishing for sharks. D．To protect endangered plants and animals. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thanks to this agreement...anyone trying to buy or sell these types of sharks must present an official document.”可知，这一新规定是为了管理鲨鱼贸易的。故选A。 2．What does the underlined word “apex” probably mean in paragraph 3? A．Frightening. B．Major. C．Dangerous. D．Top. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的定语从句“that hunt，kill and eat other animals”以及下文“they are at the highest point of the food chain”可猜测，画线单词apex意为“顶级的”，与选项D“顶端的，顶级的”意思一致。故选D。 3．What can be inferred about the new rule from the last paragraph? A．It can prevent illegal fishing. B．It is debatable. C．It does wonders for ocean species. D．It is criticized by all the biologists. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All biologists are not in favor of the new rule.”可以推断出新规定是有争议的。故选B。 4．What can be the best title for this text? A．Nations Sign Up to Save Sharks B．CITES Aims to Protect Ocean Species C．Sharks: Dangerous or Endangered? D．New Rules Benefit Biodiversity in the Ocean 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介绍了一项新签署的国际协议，旨在管理鲨鱼贸易，从而保护鲨鱼，维护海洋生物多样性。故选A。 B Have you ever noticed the birdsong you used to wake up to as a child has been thinning? Such has been the case in Australia for the endangered eastern bristlebird，with its numbers declining dramatically in the past 40 years. At first glance，there is nothing too unique about the eastern bristlebird.Its song，while beautiful，doesn’t stand out in a typical Australian forest.Since the 1980s，researchers have been trying to understand why the eastern bristlebird has seen such rapid decline.Time and again，fires taking place unexpectedly come up as the main factor—along with the increase in fire frequency，climate change and habitat loss. Fire can be deadly for many wild animals，but there is something special about the bristlebird that makes it particularly vulnerable(易受……伤害的) to large，frequent fires.Eastern bristlebirds，despite being able to fly，appear not to appreciate the view of a top story.They don’t choose to live in the treetops，or even on lower branches of trees.They prefer low，dense vegetation(植被)． This habitat structure is important for many small animals even less noticeable than the bristlebird，such as spiders，beetles and worms.This means the bristlebird can act like an indicator how the entire understory ecosystem is doing.Unfortunately，low，dense vegetation is often the first to burn and disappear during a fire.Worse still，it takes years for an understory to recover fully. The eastern bristlebird may only be one fire away from extinction，signaling a possible collapse of their ground-level ecosystem.However，all hope was not lost as this knowledge had led to emergency rescues of bristlebirds.And translocation programs，which have been an important strategy for saving almost every vulnerable native Australian species，are in place for this little unremarkable bird. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东刺莺鸟的数量迅速下降的原因以及人们准备拯救它的计划。 5．What do we know about the eastern bristlebird from the passage? A．It can not fly high. B．It has unique appearance. C．Its song is highly appreciated. D．Its situation has attracted great attention. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Since the 1980s，researchers have been trying to understand why the eastern bristlebird has seen such rapid decline.”可知，东刺莺鸟数量迅速下降的情况引起了关注。故选D。 6．Which is the main reason for bristlebirds’ decline? A．Unexpected fires. B．Frequent fires. C．Lack of habitat. D．Global warming. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，一再发生的意外火灾是刺莺鸟减少的主要因素。故选A。 7．What makes bristlebird vulnerable to fires? A．Its importance in ecosystem. B．Its appreciation for top story. C．Its preference for low habitat. D．Its influence on small animals. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段及第四段最后两句可知，刺莺鸟偏爱低处的栖息地使它更容易受到火灾的伤害。故选C。 8．What can we expect of bristlebirds in the future? A．Their decline is likely to slow down. B．Their numbers will increase rapidly. C．They may save the entire ecosystem. D．They will disappear with one more fire. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“all hope was not lost...are in place for this little unremarkable bird”可知，救援和迁移计划已为刺莺鸟准备就绪。由此推知，将来它们的减少趋势可能会放缓。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Trees give so much to the world.They create carbon dioxide and shade(荫凉)． 1 Trees are also a valuable resource.The wood they provide is used for buildings and other products we humans use and need. Trees are so important that some people have made it their goal to protect them.We can call these people “tree hugger”．It describes people who support the protection of forests.Today，the term “tree hugger” describes a person who is an environmentalist. 2 For example，someone who wants to save a rare butterfly species or cut greenhouse gases could also be described as a tree hugger. However，calling someone a “tree hugger” is not always seen as a praise. 3 “Tree hugger” described someone who was overly concerned about protecting trees，animals and other parts of the natural world. Some tree huggers do go to extremes to protect trees.Take，for example，an American woman named Julia Lorraine Hill.For 738 days from December 10,1997 and December 18,1999，Hill lived in Luna，a Redwood tree in northern California’s Humboldt County.Luna is huge，measuring nearly 61 meters tall and about 12 meters across，which has stood in Humboldt County for more than 1,000 years. 4 So，Hill did what any extreme tree hugger would—she moved in! As the website explains，Hill’s main goal was “to bring international attention to the importance of protecting and restoring natural resources”．So，we can safely call Hill a tree hugger. 5 A．Human beings should all protect trees. B．They provide shelter to animals and insects. C．In earlier times，in fact，it was used as an insult(辱骂)． D．And I’m sure that she would consider that the highest of praises. E．They want to protect nature and the environment—but not just the trees. F．Nowadays，the environmental problems are more serious than in the history. G．But that did not stop the Pacific Lumber Company from wanting to cut it down. 1．答案　B 解析　根据空前“They create carbon dioxide and shade(荫凉)．”以及空后“Trees are also a valuable resource.”可知，本段是在列举树木对世界的好处。B项“它们(树木)为动物和昆虫提供庇护”符合语境。故选B。 2．答案　E 解析　根据空后“For example，someone who wants to save a rare butterfly species or cut greenhouse gases could also be described as a tree hugger.”可知，“tree hugger”保护的不仅仅是树木，还有其他动植物和环境。E项符合题意。故选E。 3．答案　C 解析　根据空前一句可知，树木拥抱者并不一直是一个褒义词，根据空后一句可知，树木拥抱者曾经指的是那些过度忧心环境的人。C项承接上文，引出下文，且选项中的“it”指代的是上文的tree hugger。故选C。 4．答案　G 解析　根据空前“Luna is huge...1,000 years.”可知，Luna是一棵千年古树，根据空后“So，Hill did what any extreme tree hugger would—she moved in！”可知，此处讲的是希尔采取极端做法的原因，由此推断即使这棵树很大，也阻止不了有人想要砍它，所以希尔采取了极端做法。G项承接上文，引出下文。故选G。 5．答案　D 解析　根据前文“So，we can safely call Hill a tree hugger.”可知，此处讲的是对于希尔的行为的看法，D项“而我确信她会将此视为最高赞美”承接上文，且与第三段第一句相照应。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) One Thanksgiving Day，my best friend，Jane，and I found out our teacher Edward was having some financial(经济的) difficulties，so we decided to help. When Jane told her family about our plan，her mother was 1 .Together they searched their house for things they could 2 .Her mother pulled out a big turkey and said，“Thanksgiving Day won’t be 3 without a turkey dinner.” Before 4 gifts，we said some words of appreciation for the wonderful chance to 5 others.I will never forget the 6 look of our teacher and his wife when they 7 the door; their four children stood around them as we handed out the gifts.It was a cold night. 8 ，we all felt warm inside. Last month 9 I was in a meeting，my secretary informed me，“Your high school teacher Mr Edward is wondering if you could 10 him a few minutes.” I left my meeting and went to my office 11 .My teacher and I hugged and began to speak of the last 42 years.He told me he 12 remembered that cold winter night when we brought the 13 of Thanksgiving Day to his family.The food and gifts were certainly 14 ，but what warmed his heart that night was to see a group of teenagers who understood the 15 of Thanksgiving Day. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友在感恩节给老师送去食物和礼物，帮助老师渡过经济困难时期，感恩精神温暖了彼此内心的故事。 1．A.embarrassed B．disappointed C．moved D．calm 答案　C 解析　此处指简把“我们”的计划告诉了家人，她的母亲很感动。下文母亲拿出火鸡准备送给老师是她被感动的具体表现，故选C项。 2．A.sell out B．use up C．throw away D．give away 答案　D 解析　根据下文母亲拿出火鸡准备送给老师可知，此处表示“寻找可以送给别人的东西”。give away赠送。故选D项。 3．A.ordinary B．complete C．usual D．important 答案　B 解析　此处指没有火鸡的感恩节是不完整的，故选B项。 4．A.sending B．receiving C．opening D．posting 答案　A 解析　根据下文“we handed out the gifts”可知这里指在送礼物之前，故选A项。 5．A.challenge B．impress C．fool D．help 答案　D 解析　根据上文“we decided to help”可知，这里指“我们”有机会帮助别人。故选D项。 6．A.anxious B．surprised C．charming D．terrified 答案　B 解析　此处指“我”永远忘不了老师和他妻子当时脸上吃惊的表情，故选B项。 7．A.pushed B．knocked C．answered D．closed 答案　C 解析　此处指老师应声开门，answer the door应门，去开门，故选C项。 8．A.Besides B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 答案　D 解析　此处指虽然是一个寒冷的夜晚，但“我们”都感到内心温暖，故选D项。 9．A.while B．after C．before D．since 答案　A 解析　句意：上个月，当我在开会时，我的秘书告诉我：“你的高中老师爱德华先生想知道你是否能抽出几分钟时间给他。” 文中表示“当……时”，故选A项。 10．A.spare B．bring C．save D．award 答案　A 解析　此处指给老师抽出几分钟时间，spare抽出，匀出，故选A项。 11．A.nervously B．hurriedly C．proudly D．worriedly 答案　B 解析　“我”听说老师在等“我”，所以匆忙去办公室见老师，故选B项。 12．A.just B．already C．even D．still 答案　D 解析　老师说他仍然记得“我们”在感恩节去他家的那个夜晚，still表示“仍然”，故选D项。 13．A.warmth B．excitement C．pleasure D．experience 答案　A 解析　与上文“It was a cold night. ，we all felt warm inside.”呼应，指“我们”给他家带来了温暖，故选A项。 14．A.accepted B．offered C．appreciated D．admitted 答案　C 解析　老师感激“我们”送去的食物和礼物，但那天晚上让他感到温暖的是看到了一组懂得感恩节的精神的青少年。故选C项。 15．A.gifts B．history C．activities D．spirit 答案　D 解析　参考上题解析，此处指感恩节的精神，故选D项。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Many Americans put away their white clothes on Labor Day and they do not wear them again 1. the following May comes. One reason 2. the clothing custom relates to the season.In the United States，the months between June and September are summer.The weather is usually hot in northeastern cities.Many people there historically wore light-colored clothing in the summertime 3.____________(keep) cool. Judith Martin is an expert on manners,4. spoke to Time magazine about 5. ____________ history of wearing white in summer.She said Americans in the 1100s and early 1900s wore formal clothes all year long.Wearing white clothes in the summertime may make people more 6. (comfort)． Then，in about the 1930s，wearing white clothes in the summertime became fashionable.That is because some wealthy Americans went on vacation for weeks or months in the summer.The white clothes then became connected with ease,7. (beautiful) and money.But at the end of summer，they put those white clothes away and 8. (return) to their lives in the city,9. (wear) darker and heavier clothes.10. (eventual)，not wearing white clothes after Labor Day became a bit of a fashion rule. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了美国人的服装习俗，许多美国人在劳动节把他们的白色衣服收起来，直到第二年的五月来临才再穿它们。 1．答案　until 解析　考查连词。根据句中并列谓语do not wear为否定式可知，因此该空应用until引导时间状语从句，构成not...until“直到……才”。故填until。 2．答案　for 解析　考查介词。此处为固定用法：“the reason for＋动名词/代词”意为“……的原因”。故填for。 3．答案　to keep 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语动词wore且无连词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。 4．答案　who 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，该空为非限制性定语从句的引导词，在句中作主语，指代人，先行词为 expert“专家”，故填who。 5．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。分析句意可知，此处特指夏季穿白色衣服的历史，应用定冠词。故填the。 6．答案　comfortable 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处为make＋宾语＋宾补“使某人/某物怎么样”的用法，该空应用形容词作宾补。故填comfortable。 7．答案　beauty 解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，该空与ease“舒适”和money“金钱”为并列关系，该空应用名词beauty表示“美丽”。故填beauty。 8．答案　returned 解析　考查动词的时态。由上文“The white clothes then became connected with ease”和句意可知，该空应用一般过去时态。故填returned。 9．答案　wearing 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有并列谓语put和returned，因此该空为非谓语动词；由于该空与主语they之间为主动关系，该空应用现在分词。故填wearing。 10．答案　Eventually 解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰句子，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Eventually。 Ⅴ.读后续写微练(每小题3分，共18分) “Lion hair！Lion hair！Hahahaha！” It wasn’t the first time she’d been called Lion hair.Rani’s cheeks burned and tears stung her eyes，she hurriedly jumped off the school bus and landed in a ditch(沟) of muddy rainwater. As she got back into her house，Rani’s cousins，Amit and Sumit，came over，mocked(嘲笑) her hair as a bird’s nest and talked about how many bird eggs there were in it.Ignoring it，her mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen. Before she could think，Rani had fled out of the house and made her way down a narrow path into a clearing.“I hate my hair！” She screamed as tears of rage and shame streamed down her cheeks. Before long，she fell asleep because of tiredness. Rani woke up to Mama’s anxious calls，but she hugged herself close and promised herself not to go home in that Mama let Amit and Sumit make fun of her. Alone，she felt very hungry and frightened as dusk fell.Suddenly，someone or something was making its way into the clearing.Rani froze.Frightened a lot，she even opened her mouth to scream. It was Papa.Relief and joy flooded through Rani.She threw her arms around Papa and clung to him. With an obvious relief，Papa told her that everyone had been looking all over the place for her and urged her to go home.Rani shook her head and cried，telling Papa everything about her damning hair and that she decided to quit the inter-school speech competition on Monday.Scanning Rani’s face，Papa replied that he promised to give those boys and cousins a heavy lesson but fleeing(逃避) was not how they solved problems.Meanwhile，he added that Rani was never one to shy away from a challenge. With these comforting words and in Papa’s warm arms，she entered home.It was time for dinner，and Mama was waiting for them.Rani’s favorite dish！Yummy！The delicious food cooked by mom satisfied and pleased her a lot.After dinner，Rani rested herself next to Papa and began to sleep. 范文补全 Suddenly Papa woke Rani up to watch a TV program in which Madame Curie was awarded the Nobel Prize.Rani sat spellbound 1.as she learned about Madame Curie’s incredible achievements and her determination to succeed in the face of adversity(当她了解到居里夫人难以置信的成就和她面临逆境时必胜的决心时). 2.Papa explained to her how Madame Curie had to overcome social and cultural barriers to become a world-renowned scientist.(爸爸向她解释了居里夫人如何克服社会和文化的障碍成了世界著名的科学家。) Rani was inspired by Madame Curie’s story and began to feel more confident about pursuing her own dreams,3.no matter how challenging they might be(无论它们有多么的艰难)． With the Monday morning’s bright and clear dawn，Rani welcomed her big day.4.She took a deep breath and gathered her courage(她深呼吸并鼓足了勇气) as she prepared to face the school.Despite the cruel remarks from her cousins and classmates about her hair，Rani was determined to participate in the inter-school speech competition.As she walked into the school gate,5.Rani noticed that her classmates were staring at her，but she held her head high and walked confidently towards the auditorium(Rani注意到同学们在盯着她，但是她抬起头自信地走向礼堂)．Rani was proud of who she was and believed in herself and her abilities.6.She was ready to face any challenge bravely that came her way.(她准备勇敢地迎接摆在她面前的任何困难。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$