Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading Natural disasters Unit 2 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the two news reports? A.The signs of natural disasters. B.How to survive natural disasters. C.The severe impact of natural disasters. D.Lucky escapes from two natural disasters. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Natural disasters Earthquake Tsunami When 1.__________ Where 2._______________________ What 3._________ and teachers escaped an earthquake. How They reacted 4.__________ and quickly when the earthquake hit. Why They practised 5.______________ safety procedures twice a year. 17 March Falmont Primary School Students correctly earthquake Natural disasters Earthquake Tsunami When 6._____________ Where 7.________________ What Sabrina helped about 8.______ people escape a tsunami. How Sabrina noticed something odd and insisted on asking her parents to talk to 9._______________. Why Sabrina had learnt the knowledge of tsunamis in a 10.________________. 20 December Goldshore Beach 100 a safety officer Geography lesson Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 Ⅰ.Read news report 1 on P16 and choose the best answer. 1.Why did Miss Brown open the classroom door? A.She wanted to let the students run out. B.She wanted to get out of the classroom by herself. C.She wanted to help students from other classes come in. D.She feared that the door might be damaged during the earthquake. √ 2.Which of the following words can replace the phrase “held on to” in paragraph 2? A.Grasped. B.Carried. C.Designed. D.Removed. √ 3.What was the state of the students during the earthquake? A.Frightened. B.Calm. C.Relaxed. D.Nervous. √ 4.What did Miss Brown’s words in paragraph 4 show? A.Few students were always calm. B.Miss Brown was good at dealing with all kinds of problems. C.Practising earthquake safety procedures was very important for students. D.Earthquakes often happened in Falmont. √ Ⅱ.Read news report 2 on P17 and choose the best answer. 1.What did Sabrina notice about the sea? A.The water was warm. B.There was nothing special. C.It was calm and going in and out. D.The water was frothy(多泡的；起泡的) and kept coming in. √ 2.What was Sabrina’s parents’ initial(开始的) reaction to her warning? A.They were too frightened to leave. B.They cleared the beach of people. C.They thought little of the warning. D.They went to the safety officer immediately. √ 3.What’s the right order according to the passage? a.Sabrina’s parents didn’t believe her words. b.Sabrina’s parents talked to the safety officer. c.The beach was rapidly cleared of people by the safety officer. d.People were enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind happily. e.Sabrina noticed something unusual and told her parents. A.c—d—e—b—a B.e—a—b—c—d C.d—e—a—b—c D.c—b—a—e—d √ 4.Which of the following words can best describe Sabrina? A.Kind and calm. B.Ambitious and tolerant. C.Sympathetic and generous. D.Enthusiastic but doubtful. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 On 17 March,476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake hitting the county at 2：27 p.m.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 1._______ (injure) in the disaster area at large.Alice Brown was teaching 2._____ the floor began to shake.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct.3.______ moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 4.__________(order) line covering their heads with their hands.She said that they practised earthquake safety 5.____________(procedure) twice a year，so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake. injured when The orderly procedures On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 6.__________(survive) the disaster without any loss of life.When people were enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind，Sabrina noticed something odd.It occurred 7.____ her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami and then she asked her parents to talk to a 8.________(safe) officer.The officer immediately realized the 9.________(come) danger.The beach was rapidly cleared of people，just before the huge waves 10.________(crash) into the coast. 返 回 to survive to safety coming crashed 难句分析 长句 17 1.Only 5 students suffered slight _________(injure)，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area ______ large. (P16，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是______句。despite是介词，表示“_______”；过去分词killed和injured均作_____语，分别修饰前面的数词7和200。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 injuries at 简单 尽管 定 尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 2.There were loud _______(crash) of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but the students remained still and waited calmly and ________(quiet).(P16，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是but连接的_____句。第一个分句中，glass breaking和things falling to the ground是动名词的复合结构作______语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ crashes quietly 并列 宾 尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。 3.After ____ roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other.(P16，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是______句。after引导__________从句；that引导_____从句；they relaxed是主句；laughing，crying and hugging each other是现在分词短语作__________。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ a 复合 时间状语 宾语 伴随状语 点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 4.______ 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(P17，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是_____句。caused by an undersea earthquake作a series of huge waves的__________。left thousands dead是“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“___________________”。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ On 简单 后置定语 使……处于某种状态 12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成数千人死亡。 5.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any _____(lose) of life.(P17，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是_____句。to survive the disaster...作the only local beach的_________。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ loss 简单 后置定语 金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个在此次灾难中没有任何人员损失的海滩。 6.People were walking，running or _______(simple) sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed ______ (they) hair.(P17，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是______句。that引导_____从句，修饰the soft wind；enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind是现在分词短语作_________。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ simply their 复合 定语 伴随状语 人们在散步、晨跑，或者就是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海边空气和拂过发际的微风。 7.It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an ____________ (approach) tsunami.(P17，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是______句。it作__________，that引导的从句是真正的_____。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ approaching 复合 形式主语 主语 她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 8.She warned her parents _____ the danger，though _____ first they just thought she was joking.(P17，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是_____句。though引导_________从句；she was joking是省略that的______从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ of at 复合 让步状语 宾语 她提醒父母有危险，但一开始他们只当她是在开玩笑。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 1　 in case引导目的状语从句 At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.(P16，Para.2) 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。 结构分析：此句是复合句。句中in case引导目的状语从句。 in case of (＋n./pron./v.-ing)如果；万一 in any case无论如何，总之 in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) in this/that case假使这样/那样的话，既然这样/那样 as is often the case这是常有的事；情况往往如此 注意：当in case引导目的状语从句时，意为“以备，以防”；引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果，万一”。 (1)医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗救助。 The doctor shares his phone number with the patients ________________ _________________. (2)(应用文写作之建议信)高中学生在重要考试前感到焦虑，这是常有的事。 ___________________，senior high school students feel anxious before important examinations. (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)我们决不应该违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。 In no case __________________________________，or we’ll suffer endless pain. in case they need medical assistance As is often the case should we go against the laws of nature 2　 the moment引导时间状语从句 The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(P16，Para.3) 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。 结构分析：此句是复合句。the moment为名词词组充当连词，引导时间状语从句；it was the best time for the class to make their escape为省略了that的宾语从句，句中to make their escape是动词不定式短语作后置定语修饰time。 the moment意为“一……就……”，意义相近的其他表达方式还有： ①the minute/second/instant(连词) ②immediately/directly/instantly(连词) ③as soon as(连词) ④on/upon＋n./doing... ⑤hardly...when...；no sooner...than...句型，其中主句用过去完成时，when和than引导的从句用一般过去时。当hardly，no sooner置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装，即把助动词had提到主语之前。 (1)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears __________(instant) she read the letter. instantly (2)她一出现在门口就被她的粉丝们围住了。(the＋n.) She was surrounded by her fans ___________________________ ___________________ at the gate. (3)听说你打算来中国参观，我想给你一些建议。(on/upon doing) ____________________________________________________，I would like to give you some advice. 写作佳句 the moment/minute/second/ instant she appeared On/Upon hearing that you intended to pay a visit to China (4)(读后续写之动作描写)我一到家，就拿出手提箱，把我的必需品，包括一些衣服和食物，装进里面。(倒装) __________________________________________ I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it，including some clothes and food. 写作佳句 No sooner/Hardly had I got home than/when __________________ __________________ ________ __________ _______ ________________ ___________ 课文重点词块默写 1.遭受轻伤 2.目前的数据 3.整个，全部 4.紧紧抓住 5.以防(万一)，假使 6.倒在地上 7.保持静止不动 suffer slight injuries the current figures at large hold on to in case fall to the ground remain still 8.逃生 9.示意某人做某事 10.整齐列队出教室 11.下楼 12.冲到操场 13.点名 14.安然无恙 15.进行地震安全规程演练 _________________ ____________________ ________________________________ _________________ _____________________ __________ ______________ __________________________________ make one’s escape signal (to) sb to do sth exit the classroom in an orderly line go down the stairs rush to the playground a roll call safe and sound practise earthquake safety procedures 16.足够镇定来保护自己 17.拯救某人免遭…… 18.一系列巨浪 19.在灾难中幸存下来 20.席卷 21.造成数千人死亡 22.脱离险境 23.某人突然想到…… ______________________________ _______________ ____________________ _________________ ___________ ___________________ _____________ _____________________ be calm enough to protect oneself save sb from sth a series of huge waves survive the disaster race across leave thousands dead escape danger It occurred to sb that... 24.海啸来临的前兆 25.(在困境中)保持冷静 26.提醒某人当心…… 27.即将到来 28.使某人(非常)宽慰的是 29.撞上 _____________________________ _______________ ______________ _________________ ___________________ __________ 返 回 signs of an approaching tsunami keep one’s head warn sb of sth (sth) be on its way to one’s (great) relief crash into $$ Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the two news reports? A．The signs of natural disasters. B．How to survive natural disasters. C．The severe impact of natural disasters. D．Lucky escapes from two natural disasters. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Natural disasters Earthquake Tsunami When 1.17 March 6.20 December Where 2.Falmont Primary School 7.Goldshore Beach What 3.Students and teachers escaped an earthquake. Sabrina helped about 8.100 people escape a tsunami. How They reacted 4.correctly and quickly when the earthquake hit. Sabrina noticed something odd and insisted on asking her parents to talk to 9.a safety officer. Why They practised 5.earthquake safety procedures twice a year. Sabrina had learnt the knowledge of tsunamis in a 10.Geography lesson. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 Ⅰ.Read news report 1 on P16 and choose the best answer. 1．Why did Miss Brown open the classroom door? A．She wanted to let the students run out. B．She wanted to get out of the classroom by herself. C．She wanted to help students from other classes come in. D．She feared that the door might be damaged during the earthquake. 答案　D 2．Which of the following words can replace the phrase “held on to” in paragraph 2? A．Grasped. B．Carried. C．Designed. D．Removed. 答案　A 3．What was the state of the students during the earthquake? A．Frightened. B．Calm. C．Relaxed. D．Nervous. 答案　B 4．What did Miss Brown’s words in paragraph 4 show? A．Few students were always calm. B．Miss Brown was good at dealing with all kinds of problems. C．Practising earthquake safety procedures was very important for students. D．Earthquakes often happened in Falmont. 答案　C Ⅱ.Read news report 2 on P17 and choose the best answer. 1．What did Sabrina notice about the sea? A．The water was warm. B．There was nothing special. C．It was calm and going in and out. D．The water was frothy(多泡的；起泡的) and kept coming in. 答案　D 2．What was Sabrina’s parents’ initial(开始的) reaction to her warning? A．They were too frightened to leave. B．They cleared the beach of people. C．They thought little of the warning. D．They went to the safety officer immediately. 答案　C 3．What’s the right order according to the passage? a．Sabrina’s parents didn’t believe her words. b．Sabrina’s parents talked to the safety officer. c．The beach was rapidly cleared of people by the safety officer. d．People were enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind happily. e．Sabrina noticed something unusual and told her parents. A．c—d—e—b—a B．e—a—b—c—d C．d—e—a—b—c D．c—b—a—e—d 答案　C 4．Which of the following words can best describe Sabrina? A．Kind and calm. B．Ambitious and tolerant. C．Sympathetic and generous. D．Enthusiastic but doubtful. 答案　A Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 On 17 March,476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake hitting the county at 2：27 p．m.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 1.injured(injure) in the disaster area at large.Alice Brown was teaching 2.when the floor began to shake.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct.3.The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an 4.orderly(order) line covering their heads with their hands.She said that they practised earthquake safety 5.procedures(procedure) twice a year，so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake. On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.Goldshore Beach was the only local beach 6.to survive(survive) the disaster without any loss of life.When people were enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind，Sabrina noticed something odd.It occurred 7.to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami and then she asked her parents to talk to a 8.safety(safe) officer.The officer immediately realized the 9.coming(come) danger.The beach was rapidly cleared of people，just before the huge waves 10.crashed(crash) into the coast. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Only 5 students suffered slight injuries(injure)，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是简单句。despite是介词，表示“尽管”；过去分词killed和injured均作定语，分别修饰前面的数词7和200。 汉语翻译：尽管目前整个灾区的伤亡数字是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 2．There were loud crashes(crash) of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly(quiet)．(P16，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是but连接的并列句。第一个分句中，glass breaking和things falling to the ground是动名词的复合结构作宾语。 汉语翻译：尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。 3．After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other.(P16，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是复合句。after引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句；they relaxed是主句；laughing，crying and hugging each other是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 汉语翻译：点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 4．On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(P17，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是简单句。caused by an undersea earthquake作a series of huge waves的后置定语。left thousands dead是“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“使……处于某种状态”。 汉语翻译：12月20日，由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成数千人死亡。 5．Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss(lose) of life.(P17，Para.1) 结构分析：此句是简单句。to survive the disaster...作the only local beach的后置定语。 汉语翻译：金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个在此次灾难中没有任何人员损失的海滩。 6．People were walking，running or simply(simple) sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their(they) hair.(P17，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰the soft wind；enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 汉语翻译：人们在散步、晨跑，或者就是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海边空气和拂过发际的微风。 7．It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching(approach) tsunami.(P17，Para.2) 结构分析：此句是复合句。it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。 汉语翻译：她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。 8．She warned her parents of the danger，though at first they just thought she was joking.(P17，Para.3) 结构分析：此句是复合句。though引导让步状语从句；she was joking是省略that的宾语从句。 汉语翻译：她提醒父母有危险，但一开始他们只当她是在开玩笑。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 in case引导目的状语从句 At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.(P16，Para.2) 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。 结构分析：此句是复合句。句中in case引导目的状语从句。 ————————————————————————————————————————in case of (＋n./pron./v.-ing)如果；万一 in any case无论如何，总之 in no case决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) in this/that case假使这样/那样的话，既然这样/那样 as is often the case这是常有的事；情况往往如此 注意：当in case引导目的状语从句时，意为“以备，以防”；引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果，万一”。 ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)医生把他的电话号码告诉了病人，以防他们需要医疗救助。 The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. (2)(应用文写作之建议信)高中学生在重要考试前感到焦虑，这是常有的事。 As is often the case，senior high school students feel anxious before important examinations. (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)我们决不应该违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。 In no case should we go against the laws of nature，or we’ll suffer endless pain. the moment引导时间状语从句 The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(P16，Para.3) 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。 结构分析：此句是复合句。the moment为名词词组充当连词，引导时间状语从句；it was the best time for the class to make their escape为省略了that的宾语从句，句中to make their escape是动词不定式短语作后置定语修饰time。 ————————————————————————————————————————the moment意为“一……就……”，意义相近的其他表达方式还有： ①the minute/second/instant(连词) ②immediately/directly/instantly(连词) ③as soon as(连词) ④on/upon＋n./doing... ⑤hardly...when...；no sooner...than...句型，其中主句用过去完成时，when和than引导的从句用一般过去时。当hardly，no sooner置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装，即把助动词had提到主语之前。 ———————————————————————————————————————— (1)Much to my surprise，she burst into tears instantly(instant) she read the letter. [写作佳句] (2)她一出现在门口就被她的粉丝们围住了。(the＋n.) She was surrounded by her fans the moment/minute/second/instant she appeared at the gate. (3)听说你打算来中国参观，我想给你一些建议。(on/upon doing) On/Upon hearing that you intended to pay a visit to China，I would like to give you some advice. (4)(读后续写之动作描写)我一到家，就拿出手提箱，把我的必需品，包括一些衣服和食物，装进里面。(倒装) No sooner/Hardly had I got home than/when I took out my suitcase and packed my necessities into it，including some clothes and food. 课文重点词块默写 1．遭受轻伤suffer slight injuries 2．目前的数据the current figures 3．整个，全部at large 4．紧紧抓住hold on to 5．以防(万一)，假使in case 6．倒在地上 fall to the ground 7．保持静止不动remain still 8．逃生make one’s escape 9．示意某人做某事signal (to) sb to do sth 10．整齐列队出教室exit the classroom in an orderly line 11．下楼go down the stairs 12．冲到操场rush to the playground 13．点名a roll call 14．安然无恙safe and sound 15．进行地震安全规程演练practise earthquake safety procedures 16．足够镇定来保护自己be calm enough to protect oneself 17．拯救某人免遭…… save sb from sth 18．一系列巨浪a series of huge waves 19．在灾难中幸存下来survive the disaster 20．席卷race across 21．造成数千人死亡leave thousands dead 22．脱离险境escape danger 23．某人突然想到…… It occurred to sb that... 24．海啸来临的前兆signs of an approaching tsunami 25．(在困境中)保持冷静keep one’s head 26．提醒某人当心…… warn sb of sth 27．即将到来 (sth) be on its way 28．使某人(非常)宽慰的是to one’s (great) relief 29．撞上crash into 训练2　Welcome to the unit & Reading　[分值：50分] Ⅰ.单句写作(地震逃生演习报道)(共15分) 1．为了帮助老师和学生了解如何在地震中逃生，我们学校昨天上午组织了一次地震疏散演习。(survive) To help teachers and students know how to survive an earthquake，our school organized an earthquake evacuation drill yesterday morning. 2．我们正在上英语课，这时警铃响了。(be doing...when...) We were having our English class when the alarm went off. 3．警报一响，所有的学生在老师的指导下，一个接一个地捂着头有序跑出教室。(the moment) The moment the alarm rang，all the students ran out of their classrooms one after another in order under the teachers’ guidance，covering their heads. 4．他们聚集在操场上，老师们清点了各自班级的人数以防有人被落下。(in case) They gathered in the playground and the teachers counted the number of students in respective classes in case someone was left behind. 5．在演习中表现正确将训练我们对真正的地震作出冷静和安全的反应。(react) Behaving correctly in the drill will train us to react calmly and safely to a real earthquake. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 参考范文 To help teachers and students know how to survive an earthquake，our school organized an earthquake evacuation drill yesterday morning.About three thousand students and teachers took part in the drill. We were having our English class when the alarm went off.The moment the alarm rang，all the students ran out of their classrooms one after another in order under the teachers’ guidance，covering their heads.They ran on the right side and went down the stairs rapidly.Finally，they gathered in the playground and the teachers counted the number of students in respective classes in case someone was left behind.The headmaster thought highly of the drill for the excellent performance of the teachers and students. Carrying out earthquake drills is of great importance.Behaving correctly in the drill will train us to react calmly and safely to a real earthquake. Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A Mauna Loa，the world’s largest active volcano，started erupting late Sunday in the U．S.island state of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.The volcano last erupted 38 years ago.But it is not expected to put people in danger. At this point，melted(熔化的) rock，called lava，is predicted not to come near populated areas，but officials warned people to be ready to move away.The path of lava flows can change quickly. Island officials warned people to stay away from the areas where lava is coming out because it can shoot 30 to 60 meters in the air.The gas coming from the eruption is also harmful.At the moment，however，the state said air quality on the island is good. The eruption is a new experience for many people on the island.There are more than twice as many people living there compared to the last time Mauna Loa erupted.State officials are most concerned about an area about 50 kilometers to the south of the volcano where about 5,000 people live. There is some concern about a weak area on the southwestern part of the mountain.If lava escapes from that area，it could threaten places where people live in just hours or days.The lava has never come up through that area during past eruptions. The lava could flow toward the city of Hilo，which has about 45,000 people.That could take about a week.Scientists say they hope the lava flows like it did in 1984，when it moved slowly. Hawaii mayor is Mitch Roth.He said the eruption “will be remarkable”，but he does not think it will cause problems for people visiting Hawaii.He said many people come to Hawaii to see volcanoes，but they have to travel a long way to a national park.Now，they can see an eruption much more easily.“You can just look out your window at night and you’ll be able to see Mauna Loa erupting，” he said. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于世界上最大的活火山——莫纳罗亚火山喷发的详细信息，包括喷发的时间、地点、预测的影响范围以及政府和科学家的建议和警告。 1．Why did officials give people a warning? A．The way lava flows is uncertain. B．Air quality on the island isn’t good. C．The lava can shoot 60 meters at least. D．The lava will reach where people live. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“...but officials warned people to be ready to move away.The path of lava flows can change quickly.”可知，官员警告人们离开，是因为熔岩流动的路径改变很快，是不确定的。故选A。 2．Why do some people worry about the weak area? A．It is near populated places. B．No lava has come up through it. C．Many people live there. D．It can stop eruptions. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段前两句可知，如果熔岩从该薄弱地区流出，可能会在数小时或数天内威胁到人们居住的地方。即薄弱地区离人类居住地很近。故选A。 3．What does Mitch Roth agree with? A．People had better leave Hawaii soon. B．The eruption is a possible danger to visitors. C．It is convenient to watch an eruption in Hawaii. D．The eruption is a once-in-a-century natural wonder. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Now，they can see an eruption much more easily.‘You can just look out your window at night and you’ll be able to see Mauna Loa erupting，’ he said.”可知，他认为现在游客看火山喷发很方便。故选C。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．People in Hawaii Are Ready to Escape B．Volcanoes in Hawaii Always Attract Visitors C．Damage of Volcanoes in Hawaii Is Not Clear D．World’s Largest Active Volcano Erupts in Hawaii 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第一段中“Mauna Loa，the world’s largest active volcano，started erupting late Sunday in the U．S.island state of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.”可知，文章主要讲了世界上最大的活火山在夏威夷爆发，故D项可作本文的最佳标题。故选D。 B Lightning(闪电) strikes more than eight million times a day worldwide.That’s about 93 times per second.What a phenomenon! How hot is a lightning bolt? About 50,000°F—five times hotter than the surface of the sun.Yes，it really can rain frogs，fish，and other decidedly odd things.It’s a rare meteorological(气象学的) event，but scientists say strong winds from a tornado or from a storm can be powerful enough to drive animals and objects high into the air，and they have to come down eventually. It is a bad idea to take a shower during a thunderstorm.If lightning hits your house，it can travel through your plumbing(管道设备) and shock anyone who comes into contact with water flowing through it.People have been shocked or killed while bathing，washing dishes and clothes.This is also why indoor pools often close during storms.Rubber tires are not what protect you from lightning when you’re in your car.You’re protected because when lightning hits a car，it travels around the outside of the metal structure to get to the ground.Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside. Lightning can strike the same place twice—and it often does，especially objects that are tall，pointy，and separated.The Empire State Building，for example，is hit almost 100 times a year，according to the CDC. You can be struck by lightning even when it’s not raining.About 10 percent of lightning strikes take place when there’s no rainfall.In the 1980s，NASA flew one airplane through 1,496 thunderstorms.It was struck by lightning more than 700 times.Today，a commercial airplane will be hit by lightning about once a year on average，typically with no ill effects.It has been decades since a U．S.airliner has crashed as a result of a lightning strike. To deal with such a frequent phenomenon，every day，twice a day，weather trackers，at the same time，launch giant balloons from almost 900 locations worldwide.The balloons measure above ground weather data such as temperature，humidity(湿气)，and wind speed，and they provide vital information that meteorologists use to make forecasts and predict lightning. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了闪电的发生频率、温度、影响，以及人们在雷暴期间应该注意的事项。 5．What can lightning lead to according to the text? A．Burning everything. B．Raining animals. C．Shocking everybody outdoors. D．Hitting an object for once. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yes，it really can rain frogs，fish，and other decidedly odd things.”可知，它真的可以下青蛙、鱼和其他绝对奇怪的东西。故选B。 6．What is the right thing to do during a lightning strike? A．Take a bath at home. B．Swim in a pool. C．Avoid metal things. D．Stand under a tall tree. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Just be careful not to touch any metal areas inside.”可知，闪电发生的时候，要避免触碰金属。故选C。 7．What can be inferred from the text? A．No sign of rainfall means no lightning. B．Efforts have been made to keep aircraft safe. C．Commercial planes can escape lightning hits. D．The Empire State Building faces most lightning strikes. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In the 1980s，NASA flew one airplane through 1,496 thunderstorms.It was struck by lightning more than 700 times.Today，a commercial airplane will be hit by lightning about once a year on average，typically with no ill effects.It has been decades since a U．S.airliner has crashed as a result of a lightning strike.”可推知，已做出了许多努力以保证飞机的安全。故选B。 8．What reduces the damage of a lightning strike? A．Lightning location. B．Measurement balloons. C．Changing wind direction. D．Weather forecast and prediction. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，天气预报和预测闪电能够减少雷击造成的伤害。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) After coming to America，the biggest culture shock for me is the food.Eating roast turkey always makes me homesick.What a food 1 is not only about the taste，but the sense of 2 and the concern from loved ones. My high school was far away from my hometown.I lived at a school apartment for most of the year and could only go home during long 3 .Getting off the train，unloading the heavy luggage，stepping into the 4 house，one thing that never changed was a steaming bowl of kelp(海带) and pork rib(排骨) soup on the table.This is a dish that requires half a day to 5 .People who want to cook it for supper need to start preparing at 6 ，putting kelp and pork rib in water and letting them 7 over low heat for several hours. The process of waiting for this dish to be ready is like a mother 8 awaiting her son’s return.When the time is up and the lid(盖子) is 9 ，it’s like when I open the door coming home.Kelp 10 with the hot soup into my stomach， 11 my body and heart.The soup 12 the homecoming of a traveler and a mother’s 13 for her son.The taste of the soup is 14 ，similar to my mom’s gentle love for me，which makes me feel warm without any 15 of words. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者追忆高中时期，每次放假归家时母亲烹饪的海带排骨汤不仅温暖了作者的身心 ，更让作者感受到无言而深沉的母爱。 1．A.signals B．contains C．represents D．delivers 答案　B 解析　signal发信号，示意；contain包含；represent象征；deliver递送。根据后文的“is not only about the taste，but also the sense of and the concern from loved ones”可知，食物不仅包含味道，还有归属感和来自亲人的关心。故选B。 2．A.happiness B．satisfaction C．belonging D．achievement 答案　C 解析　happiness幸福；satisfaction满足；belonging归属；achievement成就。根据前文的“Eating roast turkey always makes me homesick.”可知，吃烤火鸡总让作者想家，故食物包含归属感。故选C。 3．A.courses B．ceremonies C．terms D．breaks 答案　D 解析　course课程；ceremony仪式；term学期；break假期。根据前文“I...could only go home during long”以及后文“Getting off the train”可知，作者只能在长假期间回家。故选D。 4．A.precious B．missing C．familiar D．special 答案　C 解析　precious珍贵的；missing丢失的；familiar熟悉的；special特殊的。根据前文的“Getting off the train，unloading the heavy luggage，stepping into the”和后文的“house”可知，作者走下火车，取下行李，步入熟悉的家。故选C。 5．A.complete B．confirm C．consume D．conduct 答案　A 解析　complete完成；confirm确认；consume消耗；conduct执行。根据上文“a dish that requires half a day to”可知，海带排骨汤需要半天的时间去完成。故选A。 6．A.midnight B．noon C．dawn D．dusk 答案　B 解析　dawn黎明；dusk黄昏。依据前文“requires half a day to ”以及“cook it for supper”可知，要花半天时间才能做好海带排骨汤，如果要晚上吃就必须中午开始准备。故选B。 7．A.roast B．mix C．stir D．stew 答案　D 解析　roast烤；mix混合；stir搅拌；stew炖。根据后文“ over low heat for several hours”并结合生活常识可推断，海带排骨汤是炖出来的。故选D。 8．A.eagerly B．excitedly C．worriedly D．fearfully 答案　A 解析　eagerly急切地；excitedly激动地；worriedly担忧地；fearfully害怕地。根据前文的“waiting for this dish to be ready”可知，食客等待食物的过程是急切的，因此用它来比喻母亲等待儿子回家也是急切的，而激动是见面后的心理特征。故选A。 9．A.attached B．covered C．broken D．lifted 答案　D 解析　attach把……附上；cover覆盖；break打破；lift提起。根据前文“When the time is up”可知，时间到了，盖子应该是被提起来。故选D。 10．A.floated B．sank C．flowed D．spilt 答案　C 解析　float漂浮；sink下沉；flow流动； spill洒，泼。根据后文“with the hot soup into my stomach”可知，此处描绘了海带汤流淌入腹中的画面。只有flow可以表示液体的自然流动，符合语境。故选C。 11．A.keeping up B．warming up C．building up D．setting up 答案　B 解析　keep up跟上； warm up使温暖；build up建造；set up建立。根据前文的“Kelp with the hot soup into my stomach”和后文的“my body and heart”可知，海带热汤温暖了作者的身体和内心。故选B。 12．A.disguises B．transmits C．reflects D．replaces 答案　C 解析　disguise伪装；transmit传输；reflect反映；replace代替。根据前文的“When the time is up and the lid(盖子) is ，it’s like when I open the door coming home.”和后文“the homecoming of a traveler”可推知，这碗汤反映了游子归家。故选C。 13．A.anxiety B．desire C．expectation D．passion 答案　D 解析　anxiety焦虑；desire渴望；expectation期待；passion爱。根据前文的“People who want to cook it for supper need to start preparing...over low heat for several hours.”和后文“ for her son”可知，这碗汤花费了母亲很多精力，故这碗汤反映了母亲对儿子的爱。故选D。 14．A.spicy B．mild C．bitter D．unique 答案　B 解析　spicy辛辣的；mild温和的；bitter苦的；unique 独特的。根据后文的“similar to my mom’s gentle love for me”可知，本空和后文中gentle“温柔的”相呼应。故选B。 15．A.expression B．illustration C．description D．impression 答案　A 解析　expression表达；illustration阐述；description描述；impression印象。根据前文可知，作者的母亲虽没有用言语表达爱，却用一道精心准备的海带排骨汤温暖了作者的身心，让作者感受到深深的母爱，故可推断出爱是无需言语表达的。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$