Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第二册教师用书（译林版2020）

Section Ⅰ Vocabulary Be sporty，be healthy Unit 2 Part 1　基础词汇过关 Part 2　核心词汇突破 Part 3　高考热点微练 词汇过关 基础 3 1._______ n.〈美〉足球运动 2._______ n.病，疾病 3.__________ adv.此外，而且 4._______ n.常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 5._______ n.引体向上 6._______ vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 Ⅰ.写重点词汇 soccer disease moreover routine pull-up stretch 7.______ n.(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 8.________ n.平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 9.___________ prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 10.________ vt.阻止，阻碍 11.______ n.(人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾， 手巾纸 12._____ n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 range average throughout prevent tissue lack 13._________ vt.维持；维修，保养 14._______ vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n.最新消息 15._______ n.拳击运动 16.______ n.球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 17._______ adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 18.________ n.搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 maintain update boxing court nearby partner 19.________ n.处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 20.__________ adv.现今，现在 21._______ n.大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 22._____ vi.& n.疼痛，隐痛 23._____ vt.& vi.(使)生根 n.根，根茎；根源，起因 24.__________(also backward) adv.向后；朝反方向 position nowadays master ache root backwards 25.___________ 创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 26._________________ 长期 27._________ 持续，坚持 28.___________ 弥补，补偿 29.________________________ 对……进行最后的润色或修饰 30._____________ 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 31.__________ 不足为奇，并不奇怪 32.___________ 起源于 do wonders over the long term stick with make up for put the finishing touches to in response to no wonder be rooted in 1.congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 →____________ vt.祝贺 2.________ vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)；呈现 →assumption n.假定；承担 3.______ vt.照看 vi.往往会；趋向 →tendency n.趋势；倾向 4.________ vt.缩小，减少 →reduction n.缩小，减少 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 congratulate assume tend reduce 5.______ vt.& vi.移动；搬家 →movement n.活动，转动；移动；运动 6._______ n.能量；精力；能源 →energetic adj.精力充沛的 →energetically adv.精力充沛地；积极地 7.injury n.损伤，伤害 →______ vt.损伤；伤害 →injured adj.受伤的 8.equipment n.设备；配备，装备 →______ vt.配备；装备 move energy injure equip 9.__________ vt.宣布，宣告；通知 →announcement n.宣布，宣告；通知 →announcer n.播音员；广播员 10.________ vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 →replacement n.更换；替换的人(物) 11._______ n.运动员 →athletic adj.健壮的；运动的 12.________ vi.犹豫，迟疑 →hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑 announce replace athlete hesitate 13.______ vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 →admission n.承认；招认；准许进入 14._______ vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) →inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) →inspired adj.卓越的；借助灵感创作的；受鼓舞的 →inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的 15._______ vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察 →exploration n.探索；勘探，勘察 →explorer n.探险者；勘探者 admit inspire explore 16.satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到 →_______ vt.满足；使满意 →satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的 →satisfied adj.满足的；满意的 17._____ vi.存在；生活，生存 →existence n.生存；存在 18.breathe vt.& vi.呼吸；呼出 →_______ n.呼吸的空气；一口气 satisfy exist breath 1.The saying “blind as a bat” simply isn’t correct. 2.You could be wanting to try some extreme sports like skydiving，jumping out of an airplane. 3.As is known to all，forests are called the “lungs of the planet.” Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 蝙蝠 跳伞运动 肺 4.People under too much pressure would sometimes suffer from muscle aches and headache. 5.I prefer jogging to skiing. 6.The body is made up primarily of bone，muscle，and fat. 7.I enjoy almost all sports，but I especially like soccer and gymnastics. 肌肉 慢跑锻炼　滑雪 骨 体操 8.It would not be easy to cover ten miles on that amount of petrol. 9.In addition to water，an important part of the body’s weight is protein. 10.Already they were sweating as the sun beat down upon them. 11.She held the title of world champion for three years. 12.She’s going to stay home because she is a bit under the weather. 汽油 蛋白质 出汗 冠军 不舒服 13.I’ve got too much on at work.Plus my father is not well. 14.She went to the nearby gym with her personal trainer. 15.He majored in philosophy at Oxford. 16.The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves. 返 回 而且 健身房 哲学 图表 词汇突破 核心 18 n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 (congratulate vt.祝贺) 1 congratulation • congratulations to sb on (doing) sth 恭喜某人(做了)某事 offer/express/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人表示 祝贺 • congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself (on sth)(为某人自己的成就或成功)感到自豪 (1)The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person _____ the new home. (2)_______________(congratulate)! You win the skiing event. on Congratulations (3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)I want to ______________________________ __________________________________ in the English speech contest.(congratulation) 我想对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示我诚挚的祝贺。 写作佳句 offer/express my sincere congratulations to you on your success vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 (assumption n.假定；承担) 2 assume • assume sb/sth(to be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… assuming (that)...假定/假设……(作状语) • on the assumption that...假定…… (1)This method is based on the ____________(assume) that people will be most interested in the activities. (2)It __________(assume) that this is the best possible solution to the puzzling problem. assumption is assumed (3)(应用文写作之申请信)______________________________________ for the competition，I will serve the competitors heart and soul. 假如我被选为这次比赛的志愿者，我将全心全意为参赛者服务。 写作佳句 Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看；护理(tendency n.趋势；倾向) tend 3 • tend to do sth 易于做某事，倾向于做某事 tend(to) sb/sth 照顾/护理/看护…… • have a tendency to do sth 喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事 there is a tendency(for sb) to (do)/towards sth (某人)有一种(做)……的 趋势/倾向 (1)Actually，people always tend __________(judge) a person by his/her appearance. (2)Nowadays there is a growing __________(tend) for people to shop on the Internet. to judge tendency (3)(读后续写之人物描写)What moved me most was the selflessness of Ms Wang，_____________________________________. 最让我感动的是在医院照顾我母亲的王女士的无私。 (4)(话题写作之学校生活)As a high school student，it is normal that you _________________ get anxious with the exam approaching. 作为一名高中学生，随着考试的临近，你有感到焦虑的倾向很正常。 写作佳句 who tended(to) my mother in the hospital have a tendency to n.种类；(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动 range 4 • a range of一系列的，各种 in/within (the) range of在……范围内 beyond/out of (the) range of超出……的范围 • range from A to B/between A and B在A到B之间变化 (1)When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed _________ range of 60 km/h and 120 km/h. within/in (2)(2022·天津，书面表达)我们的俱乐部正在举办一系列的活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵不等。我们期待着你的加入。 ①_______________________________ in our club，__________ _______________________________________________.We are expecting your joining.(which引导的定语从句) ②________________________________ in our club，_________ ____________________________________________.We are expecting your joining.(分词作状语) 写作佳句 A range of activities are being held from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation which range A range of activities are being held from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation ranging vt.阻止，阻碍(prevention n.预防；防止) prevent 5 注意：在主动语态中与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略，但在被动语态中from都不可省略。 prevent sb/sth(from) doing sth stop sb/sth(from) doing sth keep sb/sth from doing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事 (1)Stress should be put on the __________(prevent) of diseases. (2)The heavy rain prevented us from _______(go) on，but we didn’t lose heart. prevention going (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)It’s high time that we did something to ________________________________________________. 到了我们采取行动阻止环境受污染的时候了。 写作佳句 prevent/stop/keep the environment from being polluted n.配备，装备；设备(equip vt.配备；装备；使有所准备；使能够胜任) equipment 6 equip...with...用……装备…… equip sb for (doing) sth 使某人为(做)某事而有所准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人具备做某事的条件 be equipped with配备有……(表状态) (1)Our school has bought a lot of new __________(equip) since the new gym was set up. (2)It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped __________ (speak). equipment to speak (3)My English teacher ____________________________________ ________，so he is well respected by all of us students. 我的英语老师有丰富的教学经验，因此他受到我们所有学生的尊敬。 写作佳句 is equipped with much experience in teaching n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vi.& vt.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺(lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的；没有的) lack 7 • (a) lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… • lack (for) sth 缺少某物 • be lacking in在……方面缺乏 (1)For lack ______ enough energy，the athlete was under the weather and left the match at last. (2)The girl used to be lacking _____ confidence and it was her teacher’s encouragement that made her more confident. of in (3)(话题写作之健康生活)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and __________________. 健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 (4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Though they _______________________，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. 尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。 写作佳句 (a) lack of exercise lacked cooking experience • announce...to sb(＝announce to sb...)向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称……；据宣布…… • make an announcement下通知；宣布 8 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称 (announcement n.通知；宣布，宣告) (1)The airline announced _____ the media that the flight to the USA was canceled. (2)It ________________(announce) the other day that the boxing athlete won the championship. to was announced (3)(应用文写作之通知)Attention，please.________________________ ______.An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30. 请注意，我有一项通知要发。英文短片“Growing Together”将于7点半在学校大厅上映。 写作佳句 I have an announcement to make vi.犹豫，迟疑；顾虑(hesitation n.犹豫) hesitate 9 • hesitate about/over...对……犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth 做某事有顾虑 • without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 (1)Faced with the choice of majors，Tom chose science without ________ (hesitate) while Jack hesitated __________ it. (2)(应用文写作之提供信息)Please do not hesitate __________(contact) me if you have any questions. hesitation about/over to contact (3)这名年轻人毫不犹豫地开始改编这篇小说。 ①The young man ________________ begin to adapt this novel. ②The young man __________________ beginning to adapt this novel. ③The young man began to adapt this novel _________________. 写作佳句 didn’t hesitate to had no hesitation in without hesitation v.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；可容纳 (admission n.承认；录取；入场费) admit 10 admit doing sth/having done sth 承认/供认做过某事 admit that...承认…… admit sb/sth to be＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为…… admit sb to/into...允许某人进入……；接受某人(为……成员) (1)Hearing that the __________(admit) to the concert is only ￡5，I didn’t hesitate to go to buy a ticket. (2)She apologized to her teacher and admitted _______________________ (break) a piece of equipment in the lab by mistake. (3)The upcoming Chinese speech contest is admitted ________(be) a good chance for foreigners to improve their oral Chinese. admission breaking/having broken to be (4)(应用文写作之祝贺信)______________________________________ _______________________，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you. 得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。 (5)(应用文写作之邀请信)The table tennis team of our school ________________________ right now，so I would like to invite you to join. 现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在接收新队员，我想邀请你加入。 写作佳句 Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University is admitting new members vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感) [inspiration n.灵感；启示；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) inspired adj.受到鼓舞的 inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的；鼓舞人心的] inspire 11 inspire sb to do sth 激励/鼓舞某人做某事 inspire sb with sth＝inspire sth in sb 使某人产生(感觉或情感) be inspired by...受到……启发；受到……鼓舞 (1)Their participation inspired the rest of the athletes __________(work) hard. (2)The students were all __________ after they heard the __________ story.(inspire) to work inspired inspiring (3)(读后续写之人物描写)The father told his own stories of his young age，which ____________________________________________ __________. 那位父亲讲述了自己年轻时的故事，使儿子产生了自信。 (4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)________________________ is his perseverance and resolution to complete his race. 最激励我们的是他完成比赛的毅力和决心。 写作佳句 inspired confidence in his son/inspired his son with confidence What inspires us most n.[U]满意；满足；达到 [C]令人满意的事(物)(satisfy v.满足；使满意satisfied adj.满意的 satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的) satisfaction 12 • to sb’s satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb 令某人满意的是 with/in satisfaction满意地 • be/feel satisfied with...对……感到满意 (1)Knowing that the new couple led a _____________________ life，their parents were _________.(satisfy) (2)She looked back on a range of her achievements with great __________ (satisfy). (3)___ her satisfaction，her daughter made great progress. satisfying/satisfactory satisfied satisfaction To (4)(应用文写作之投诉信)Your travel agency had promised “Satisfaction Guaranteed”，but actually，none of the tourists ____________________________. 你的旅行社曾作出“保证满意”的承诺，可是事实上没有一个游客对你们的服务满意。 写作佳句 was satisfied with your service vi.存在；生活，生存(existence n.存在；生存) exist 13 • exist on靠……生活/生存 exist in存在于……之中 There exist(s)/existed...(某地)有……；存在…… • come into existence产生，成立；开始存在 (1)You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing ______ the money he is earning. (2)No one knows when such a custom first came into __________(exist). (3)As is known to us all，there _______(exist) a generation gap between the young and the old. 返 回 on existence exists 热点微练 高考 52 1.It is reasonable to assume(that) the economy will continue to improve. 2.This matter has assumed great importance. 3.The president assumed his new responsibilities in January. 4.Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. Ⅰ.一词多义 ____ ____ ____ ____ B A.v.假定　B.v.认为　C.v.承担　D.v.呈现 D C A 5.The average price of goods rose by just 2.2%. 6.It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. 7.I suppose I average about five cups of coffee a day. 8.The average student spends about two or three hours a night doing homework. ____ ____ ____ ____ C A.n.平均水平；平均值　B.adj.普通的，一般的　C.adj.平均的　D.v.平均为 A D B 1.The dishes he produces all have a personal touch. 2.I called the office to update them on the day’ s development. 3.Having suffered a large earthquake，the city was reduced to ruins. 4.The gym to be completed next month can admit 1,000 people at a time. Ⅱ.熟词生义 _____ ___________________ ___________________ _____ 风格 返 回 向……提供最新消息 使沦落，使陷入窘境 容纳 $$ Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．soccer n．〈美〉足球运动 2．disease n．病，疾病 3．moreover adv.此外，而且 4．routine n．常规，惯例 adj.常规的，例行的；乏味的 5．pull-up n．引体向上 6．stretch vt.& vi.伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；(使)延伸 7．range n．(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 8．average n．平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的 9．throughout prep.自始至终；各处，遍及 10．prevent vt.阻止，阻碍 11．tissue n．(人、动植物细胞的)组织；(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸 12．lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺 13．maintain vt.维持；维修，保养 14．update vt.使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n．最新消息 15．boxing n．拳击运动 16．court n．球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 17．nearby adj.附近的，邻近的 adv.在附近，不远 18．partner n．搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 19．position n．处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 20．nowadays adv.现今，现在 21．master n．大师，能手；主人 vt.精通，掌握；控制 22．ache vi.& n．疼痛，隐痛 23．root vt.& vi.(使)生根 n．根，根茎；根源，起因 24．backwards(also backward) adv.向后；朝反方向 25．do wonders创造奇迹，产生神奇作用 26．over the long term长期 27．stick with持续，坚持 28．make up for弥补，补偿 29．put the finishing touches to对……进行最后的润色或修饰 30．in response to对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 31．no wonder不足为奇，并不奇怪 32．be rooted in起源于 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→congratulate vt.祝贺 2．assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)；呈现→assumption n．假定；承担 3．tend vt.照看 vi.往往会；趋向→tendency n．趋势；倾向 4．reduce vt.缩小，减少→reduction n．缩小，减少 5．move vt.& vi.移动；搬家→movement n．活动，转动；移动；运动 6．energy n．能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的→energetically adv.精力充沛地；积极地 7．injury n．损伤，伤害→injure vt.损伤；伤害→injured adj.受伤的 8．equipment n．设备；配备，装备→equip vt.配备；装备 9．announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n．宣布，宣告；通知→announcer n．播音员；广播员 10．replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新→replacement n．更换；替换的人(物) 11．athlete n．运动员→athletic adj.健壮的；运动的 12．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitation n．犹豫，迟疑 13．admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n．承认；招认；准许进入 14．inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)→inspired adj.卓越的；借助灵感创作的；受鼓舞的→inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的 15．explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n．探索；勘探，勘察→explorer n．探险者；勘探者 16．satisfaction n．满意；满足，达到→satisfy vt.满足；使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满足的；满意的 17．exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existence n．生存；存在 18．breathe vt.& vi.呼吸；呼出→breath n．呼吸的空气；一口气 Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．The saying “blind as a bat” simply isn’t correct.蝙蝠 2．You could be wanting to try some extreme sports like skydiving，jumping out of an airplane.跳伞运动 3．As is known to all，forests are called the “lungs of the planet.”肺 4．People under too much pressure would sometimes suffer from muscle aches and headache.肌肉 5．I prefer jogging to skiing.慢跑锻炼 滑雪 6．The body is made up primarily of bone，muscle，and fat.骨 7．I enjoy almost all sports，but I especially like soccer and gymnastics.体操 8．It would not be easy to cover ten miles on that amount of petrol.汽油 9．In addition to water，an important part of the body’s weight is protein.蛋白质 10．Already they were sweating as the sun beat down upon them.出汗 11．She held the title of world champion for three years.冠军 12．She’s going to stay home because she is a bit under the weather.不舒服 13．I’ve got too much on at work.Plus my father is not well.而且 14．She went to the nearby gym with her personal trainer.健身房 15．He majored in philosophy at Oxford.哲学 16．The diagram of waves shows how scientists examine waves.图表 congratulation n．祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺(congratulate vt.祝贺) ·congratulations to sb on (doing) sth 恭喜某人(做了)某事 offer/express/send one’s congratulations to sb on sth 因某事向某人表示祝贺 ·congratulate sb on (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself (on sth)(为某人自己的成就或成功)感到自豪 (1)The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. (2)Congratulations(congratulate)! You win the skiing event. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)I want to offer/express my sincere congratulations to you on your success in the English speech contest.(congratulation) 我想对你在英语演讲比赛中的成功表示我诚挚的祝贺。 assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露(assumption n．假定；承担) ·assume sb/sth(to be)＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… assuming (that)...假定/假设……(作状语) ·on the assumption that...假定…… (1)This method is based on the assumption(assume) that people will be most interested in the activities. (2)It is assumed(assume) that this is the best possible solution to the puzzling problem. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之申请信)Assuming that I am chosen to be a volunteer for the competition，I will serve the competitors heart and soul. 假如我被选为这次比赛的志愿者，我将全心全意为参赛者服务。 tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看；护理(tendency n．趋势；倾向) ·tend to do sth 易于做某事，倾向于做某事 tend(to) sb/sth 照顾/护理/看护…… ·have a tendency to do sth 喜欢做某事；倾向于做某事 there is a tendency(for sb) to (do)/towards sth (某人)有一种(做)……的趋势/倾向 (1)Actually，people always tend to judge(judge) a person by his/her appearance. (2)Nowadays there is a growing tendency(tend) for people to shop on the Internet. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之人物描写)What moved me most was the selflessness of Ms Wang，who tended(to) my mother in the hospital. 最让我感动的是在医院照顾我母亲的王女士的无私。 (4)(话题写作之学校生活)As a high school student，it is normal that you have a tendency to get anxious with the exam approaching. 作为一名高中学生，随着考试的临近，你有感到焦虑的倾向很正常。 range n．种类；(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间；一系列 v．排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动 ·a range of一系列的，各种 in/within (the) range of在……范围内 beyond/out of (the) range of超出……的范围 ·range from A to B/between A and B在A到B之间变化 (1)When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed within/in range of 60 km/h and 120 km/h. [写作佳句] (2)(2022·天津，书面表达)我们的俱乐部正在举办一系列的活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵不等。我们期待着你的加入。 ①A range of activities are being held in our club，which range from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.We are expecting your joining.(which引导的定语从句) ②A range of activities are being held in our club，ranging from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.We are expecting your joining.(分词作状语) prevent vt.阻止，阻碍(prevention n．预防；防止) 阻止某人/某物做某事 注意：在主动语态中与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略，但在被动语态中from都不可省略。 (1)Stress should be put on the prevention(prevent) of diseases. (2)The heavy rain prevented us from going(go) on，but we didn’t lose heart. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之倡议书)It’s high time that we did something to prevent/stop/keep the environment from being polluted. 到了我们采取行动阻止环境受污染的时候了。 equipment n．配备，装备；设备(equip vt.配备；装备；使有所准备；使能够胜任) equip...with...用……装备…… equip sb for (doing) sth 使某人为(做)某事而有所准备 equip sb to do sth 使某人具备做某事的条件 be equipped with配备有……(表状态) (1)Our school has bought a lot of new equipment(equip) since the new gym was set up. (2)It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak(speak)． [写作佳句] (3)My English teacher is equipped with much experience in teaching，so he is well respected by all of us students. 我的英语老师有丰富的教学经验，因此他受到我们所有学生的尊敬。 lack n．缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vi.& vt.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺(lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的；没有的) ·(a) lack of缺少…… for/through lack of因缺少…… •lack (for) sth 缺少某物 •be lacking in在……方面缺乏 (1)For lack of enough energy，the athlete was under the weather and left the match at last. (2)The girl used to be lacking in confidence and it was her teacher’s encouragement that made her more confident. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之健康生活)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and (a) lack of exercise. 健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。 (4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Though they lacked cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. 尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验，但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称(announcement n．通知；宣布，宣告) ·announce...to sb(＝announce to sb...)向某人宣布…… It is announced that...据称……；据宣布…… ·make an announcement下通知；宣布 (1)The airline announced to the media that the flight to the USA was canceled. (2)It was announced(announce) the other day that the boxing athlete won the championship. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之通知)Attention，please.I have an announcement to make.An English short film，called Growing Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30. 请注意，我有一项通知要发。英文短片“Growing Together”将于7点半在学校大厅上映。 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑；顾虑(hesitation n．犹豫) ·hesitate about/over...对……犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth 做某事有顾虑 ·without hesitation毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 (1)Faced with the choice of majors，Tom chose science without hesitation(hesitate) while Jack hesitated about/over it. (2)(应用文写作之提供信息)Please do not hesitate to contact(contact) me if you have any questions. [写作佳句] (3)这名年轻人毫不犹豫地开始改编这篇小说。 ①The young man didn’t hesitate to begin to adapt this novel. ②The young man had no hesitation in beginning to adapt this novel. ③The young man began to adapt this novel without hesitation. admit v．承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；可容纳(admission n．承认；录取；入场费) admit doing sth/having done sth 承认/供认做过某事 admit that...承认…… admit sb/sth to be＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为…… admit sb to/into...允许某人进入……；接受某人(为……成员) (1)Hearing that the admission(admit) to the concert is only ￡5，I didn’t hesitate to go to buy a ticket. (2)She apologized to her teacher and admitted breaking/having broken(break) a piece of equipment in the lab by mistake. (3)The upcoming Chinese speech contest is admitted to be(be) a good chance for foreigners to improve their oral Chinese. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you. 得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。 (5)(应用文写作之邀请信)The table tennis team of our school is admitting new members right now，so I would like to invite you to join. 现在，我们学校的乒乓球队正在接收新队员，我想邀请你加入。 inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生(感觉或情感)[inspiration n．灵感；启示；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) inspired adj.受到鼓舞的 inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的；鼓舞人心的] inspire sb to do sth 激励/鼓舞某人做某事 inspire sb with sth＝inspire sth in sb 使某人产生(感觉或情感) be inspired by...受到……启发；受到……鼓舞 (1)Their participation inspired the rest of the athletes to work(work) hard. (2)The students were all inspired after they heard the inspiring story.(inspire) [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之人物描写)The father told his own stories of his young age，which inspired confidence in his son/inspired his son with confidence. 那位父亲讲述了自己年轻时的故事，使儿子产生了自信。 (4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)What inspires us most is his perseverance and resolution to complete his race. 最激励我们的是他完成比赛的毅力和决心。 satisfaction n．[U]满意；满足；达到 [C]令人满意的事(物)(satisfy v．满足；使满意satisfied adj.满意的 satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的) ·to sb’s satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb 令某人满意的是 with/in satisfaction满意地 ·be/feel satisfied with...对……感到满意 (1)Knowing that the new couple led a satisfying/satisfactory life，their parents were satisfied.(satisfy) (2)She looked back on a range of her achievements with great satisfaction(satisfy)． (3)To her satisfaction，her daughter made great progress. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之投诉信)Your travel agency had promised “Satisfaction Guaranteed”，but actually，none of the tourists was satisfied with your service. 你的旅行社曾作出“保证满意”的承诺，可是事实上没有一个游客对你们的服务满意。 exist vi.存在；生活，生存(existence n．存在；生存) ·exist on靠……生活/生存 exist in存在于……之中 There exist(s)/existed...(某地)有……；存在…… ·come into existence产生，成立；开始存在 (1)You can’t imagine what difficulty they have existing on the money he is earning. (2)No one knows when such a custom first came into existence(exist)． (3)As is known to us all，there exists(exist) a generation gap between the young and the old. 高考热点微练 Ⅰ.一词多义 A．v.假定　B．v.认为　C．v.承担　D．v.呈现 1．It is reasonable to assume(that) the economy will continue to improve. B 2．This matter has assumed great importance. D 3．The president assumed his new responsibilities in January. C 4．Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. A A．n.平均水平；平均值　B．adj.普通的，一般的　C．adj.平均的　D．v.平均为 5．The average price of goods rose by just 2.2%. C 6．It takes an average of ten weeks for a house sale to be completed. A 7．I suppose I average about five cups of coffee a day. D 8．The average student spends about two or three hours a night doing homework. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．The dishes he produces all have a personal touch.风格 2．I called the office to update them on the day’ s development.向……提供最新消息 3．Having suffered a large earthquake，the city was reduced to ruins.使沦落，使陷入窘境 4．The gym to be completed next month can admit 1,000 people at a time.容纳 训练1　Vocabulary [分值：72.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，满分10分) 1．All the equipment(设备) should be cleaned down regularly. 2．She completed the routine(常规) without even working up a sweat. 3．It’s not a good idea to skip meals and replace(代替) them with snacks. 4．On average(平均)，we students should take exercise for an hour to keep healthy each day. 5．You should spend some time exploring(探索) nature with your children. 6．People should eat less fat to reduce the risk of heart disease. 7．The boy’s lungs cleared and he began to breathe more easily. 8．If you put all your energies into your English study，you will master the language. 9．Congratulations to you on winning first award in the English Speaking Competition. 10．The team coach was forced to step in to prevent the two athletes from coming to blows. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．With my left foot seriously injured(injure)，I can’t go with you as planned. 2．This faith is deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture. 3．To keep energetic(energy)，he sets aside two hours a day to take exercise. 4．To her satisfaction(satisfy)，she won the champion of the gymnastics competition. 5．As a matter of fact，no one knows when the earth came into existence(exist)． 6．The young man didn’t hesitate to revise(revise) his essay. 7．The show will be open to the public at 2 pm，whose admission(admit) will be $5. 8．It was some time before the door opened in response to his ring. 9．The team will hold a range of activities，including some training and matches. 10．Eating a healthy diet and doing exercise will prevent you from putting on weight. Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A The father of an 8-year-old boy says his son is now the youngest person to climb the famous El Capitan in California. After four days of guided climbing，Joe Baker and his son Sam Baker reached the top of the cliff(悬崖) face inside Yosemite National Park last week.“We made it！” Joe Baker wrote on Facebook.“What an amazing week! I’m so proud of Sam.He completed the youngest rope ascent(登顶) of El Capitan！” Rock climbing has long been a favorite pastime for the Baker family.Though Sam’s mother，Ann Baker didn’t join for the ascent，she is also a climber and a big supporter of her son’s brave efforts.The family set up a website to record the details of Sam Baker’s adventures and raise money to “make films that encourage parents to adventure big with their kids.” Sam Baker began training for the ascent at least 18 months ago and reached the top of Moonlight Buttress inside Zion National Park in Utah as a bit of a test run，according to his dad.“He did great on Moonlight Buttress！” Joe Baker said. They began the ascent of El Capitan on October 25 and reached the top on October 28.They made the journey with the help of two guides.The Bakers used a technique known as “jugging”，also known as a rope ascent，which includes using handheld equipment to slide(滑行) up a fixed rope that’s been placed by a guide who’s further up the rock.This way，the climber can move effortlessly up the rope without touching the rock face.The ascent takes many days，which means supplying(提供) the group with food，water and other heavy equipment. “It’s just a great place，” Joe Baker tells the journalist.“It’s kind of like the mecca(圣地) of rock climbing.It’s such a big adventure and also an opportunity.” 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个8岁男孩打破纪录，成为加州最年轻的攀爬酋长巨石的人。 1．What can we learn about Sam Baker? A．He grew up in a climbing family. B．He climbed El Capitan with his mother. C．He made films to raise money for his climbs. D．He set a new record on Moonlight Buttress. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rock climbing has long been a favorite pastime for the Baker family.”可知，Sam Baker成长在一个攀登家庭。故选A。 2．What does the technique “jugging” refer to? A．A guide walks on fixed handheld equipment. B．Climbers move a fixed distance together on ropes. C．Climbers receive physical training before the ascent. D．A guide climbs ahead and sets a rope for others to follow. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句可知，“jugging”是指一名向导爬在前面，并放置一根绳子让其他人跟随。故选D。 3．What did the group prepare for the ascent of El Capitan? A．Professional guidebooks. B．Medical reports. C．Necessary supplies. D．Repair facilities. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The ascent takes many days，which means supplying(提供) the group with food，water and other heavy equipment.”可知，团队为登顶El Capitan准备了必要的物资。故选C。 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．An 8-year-old’s record-breaking climb. B．An 8-year-old’s courage to face challenges. C．An 8-year-old’s amazing climbing technique. D．An 8-year-old’s confidence in setting records. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段并结合下文对此事的进一步介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一个8岁男孩打破纪录的一次攀爬。故选A。 B When the word exercise is seen or heard most people think of the physical labour it involves，but there is so much more to it.Exercise is more than just a twenty-minute run.Exercising is one of the most important things someone can do to take care of themselves and their bodies.The benefits of exercise include more than just physical，but also emotional and health benefits. Exercise has positive effects on the brain’s functions.Exercise decreases anxiety，which is the body’s natural response to stress.Norepinephrine(去甲肾上腺素)，which involves levels of stress，can be moderated with exercise because exercise increases the amounts of it. Exercise enhances brain health.The brain is the center of control for the body’s entire sense of functioning，and without it all that would be left is muscles and bones.The mental health is linked to exercise.Mental health can be strengthened by physical activity whether it is a casual walk in the park，or intense weight lifting training.Exercise promotes positive body images when increasing self-esteem，and helps increase the overall self image.The emotional and mental benefits from exercise are vital and only growing，as more is being discovered about the brain’s functions. Exercise is complex，and constantly changing.The physical benefits of flexibility，muscular strength and muscular endurance are all vital to creating a healthy body.The health benefits from exercise range from heart to immune system，and more are being discovered every day to help increase one’s life.Exercise is not limited to just the gym，but an entire existence.The combination of benefits is what makes exercise so cardinal.Exercise is one of the most important activities someone can introduce into their lives.A walk around a neighbourhood，or training for a team，any effort towards getting your heart rate going makes a difference.Exercise is universal and beneficial to everyone. 5．What can we learn from the first paragraph? A．Most people regard exercise as physical labour. B．Running is a very good kind of exercise. C．Exercise benefits people in several aspects. D．We should care for ourselves when exercising. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“The benefits of exercise include more than just physical，but also emotional and health benefits.”可知，锻炼带来的好处包括身体、情感和健康各方面。由此可知，锻炼在几个方面对人有益。故选C。 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Norepinephrine? A．It affects brain’s functions negatively. B．It shows people’s response to stress. C．It can make people forget anxiety. D．It can be raised by taking exercise. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Norepinephrine(去甲肾上腺素)，which involves levels of stress，can be moderated with exercise because exercise increases the amounts of it.”可知，去甲肾上腺素可以通过锻炼来提高。故选D。 7．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Mental health’s effect on people. B．Exercise’s effect on our brain. C．The importance of our brain. D．The functions of our brain. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第三段中“Exercise enhances brain health...Exercise promotes positive body images when increasing self-esteem，and helps increase the overall self image.”可知，本段首句是段落主旨句，指出锻炼对大脑健康有益，然后列举锻炼对心理健康等的好处。因此，本段是关于锻炼对大脑的积极作用。故选B。 8．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Exercise is really a complex activity. B．Exercise can bring many benefits to people. C．Exercise should increase people’s heart rate. D．Exercise should be changed constantly. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The health benefits from exercise range from heart to immune system，and more...The combination of benefits is what makes exercise so cardinal.Exercise is one of the most important activities someone can introduce into their lives.”可知，锻炼可以给人们带来很多好处。故选B。 Ⅳ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) (2024·山东济宁高一期末) Arm wrestling(扳手腕) is a type of athletic contest. 1 Each one places an elbow(肘) on a table，holds the hand of the other and tries to force it back to connect with the table. 2 In their view，it doesn’t require many things used in other sports，including physical strength and other skills.In fact，it is not just physical strength；strategy plays a key role.Good observation is also necessary for success in arm wrestling.What’s more，competitive arm wrestling is an organized sport with very specific rules.Anyone who breaks rules may even lead to losing a match. Like many other sports，there are different classes in arm wrestling.For championships，players are divided into classes by weight. 3 Arm wrestling has a very long history.It started as just a Saturday night past time.A journalist named Bill Soberanes founded the sport around 1952.Since the American Armsport Association(AAA) sanctioned(认可) it，many organizations have worked hard to support and promote competitive arm wrestling. 4 Some are local，representing certain regions，while others try to promote the sport on an international level.Whether small local or international championships，arm wrestlers from all walks of life put their skills to the test，pushing their bodies to the limit. Now，arm wrestling attracts a variety of people，of all ages and backgrounds. 5 Many people enjoy the sport purely for fun，while others approach it with spirit common in true competitors. A．There are two competitors in the contest. B．Their health conditions need to be considered. C．Arm wrestling is widely accepted among the young. D．Many people don’t think of arm wrestling as a sport. E．It can be as exciting for the young as it is for the old. F．They contribute to improving the image people have of arm wrestling. G．There are also different divisions for those who wrest with the right hand，in contrast to those with left one. 1．答案　A 解析　根据上文“Arm wrestling(扳手腕) is a type of athletic contest.”以及下文“Each one places an elbow(肘) on a table，holds the hand of the other and tries to force it back to connect with the table.”可知，本句主要说明了扳手腕这项运动的参与人员。故A选项“有两名选手参加比赛”符合语境，故选A。 2．答案　D 解析　根据下文“In their view，it doesn’t require many things used in other sports，including physical strength and other skills.”可知，本句应表明许多人认为扳手腕不是一项运动，下文给出了理由。故D选项“很多人认为扳手腕不是一项运动”符合语境，故选D。 3．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Like many other sports，there are different classes in arm wrestling.For championships，players are divided into classes by weight.”可知，本段主要说明了扳手腕运动有不同的类别，故G选项“用右手扳的人与用左手扳的人也有不同的划分”符合语境，故选G。 4．答案　F 解析　根据上文“...many organizations have worked hard to support and promote competitive arm wrestling.”可知，本句承接上文说明许多组织都在努力支持和促进竞技扳手腕所产生的影响。故F选项“它们有助于改善人们对扳手腕的印象”符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　E 解析　根据上文“Now，arm wrestling attracts a variety of people，of all ages and backgrounds.”可知，本句承接上文说明扳手腕吸引了哪些年龄层次的人。故E选项“它对年轻人和老年人来说都是令人兴奋的”符合语境，故选E。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) Some people think that Oxford is the most 1. (attract) city in England.Whether this is true or not，it is certainly worth 2. visit.It is also ideal for a day trip from London，as there are regular trains and buses 3. can take you to Oxford in about an hour. You should allow plenty of time to visit Oxford’s unique and varied range of historic places.What 4. (probable) appeals to visitors most is the famous University with 5._____________(it) different colleges. You can look around several of these historic buildings in a day，as the majority of them 6.____________(be) within walking distance of one another.7. (locate) in the city center，most of the colleges are open to visitors in the afternoon.It is a good idea 8.___________(check) before visiting，however，as opening days and times may vary. The Thames and the Cherwell rivers，which flow through the city，are another major attraction for tourists.A stroll(散步) along their 9. (bank) or a boat ride is the perfect way for sightseeing. Different kinds of boats are available for hire at several central locations from April 10.____________ September. 1．答案　attractive 解析　考查词性转换。修饰空后名词city，应用形容词作定语。此处与前面的the most构成形容词的最高级，表示“最吸引人的”。故填attractive。 2．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。表示“值得一游”短语为worth a visit，此处visit是可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指。故填a。 3．答案　which/that 解析　考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词trains and buses，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 4．答案　probably 解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词短语appeals to应用副词probably，表示“可能”，作状语。故填probably。 5．答案　its 解析　考查代词。修饰名词colleges，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 6．答案　are 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。从句主语为表示复数概念的the majority of them，谓语动词用复数，且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are。 7．答案　Located 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，locate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语most of the colleges是被动关系，故应用过去分词作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Located。 8．答案　to check 解析　考查非谓语动词。表示“做某事是个好主意”的句型为it is a good idea to do sth，it 是形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to check。 9．答案　banks 解析　考查名词复数。bank“河岸”为可数名词，根据空前的their可知应用复数形式。故填banks。 10．答案　to 解析　考查介词。表示“从……到……”的短语为from...to...。故填to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$