Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Grammar(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第二册教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Grammar 阅读以下对话，感知黑体词，并回答其后的问题 A：The boy walking in front ①might/may be our monitor Tom. B：No，it ②can’t be him.Because he has gone to China to experience the Spring Festival. A：Wow！He ③must be enjoying himself in China now. B：Yes.I also visited China this time last year. A：Really? You ④must have spent a special occasion there. B：Yes.It was really a special experience. A：How I wish I ⑤could also go to China next winter vacation! [自主发现] 以上黑体词都是情态动词，情态动词①②③④表示推测，其中②表示对现在的否定推测；④表示对过去情况的肯定推测；情态动词⑤用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示虚拟语气。 情态动词(Ⅱ) 一、语法梳理 二、用法精析 1．can与could的用法 (1)表示能力(could是过去式)。 My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year. 我奶奶会网上购物了，但是去年她还不会。 (2)表示推测，意为“可能，能够”，本用法通常只适用于疑问句和否定句。 Can this news be true? 这则消息可能是真的吗？ What he said could not be true.他的话不可能是真的。 (3)表示请求和许可(could表示更委婉的语气，回答时只能用can)。 —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ——我现在可以走了吗？ ——是的，可以。 (4)用于肯定的陈述句中，表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“可能”；有时用来指一时的情况，意为“有时候会”。 As we all know，anyone can make mistakes. 我们都知道，任何人都可能犯错。 (5)习惯用法“cannot...too...”表示“无论怎样……都不过分，越……越好”。有时cannot可用can never替代。 We cannot/can never thank you too much for what you’ve done for us. 对于你们为我们所做的一切，我们怎么感谢你们都不过分。 (6)could用以表示虚拟语气时主要有3种情况：①用于虚拟条件句中；②用于even if/though引导的让步状语从句；③用于wish后的宾语从句。 2．may与might的用法 (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustn’t/can’t。 —May/Might I play computer games after supper? —Yes，you may./No，you mustn’t/can’t. ——晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？ ——是的，可以。/不，不行。 (2)表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，用于肯定句。might语气更加不确定，指现在或将来，只有在宾语从句中might do(be)才表示过去的可能性。 The medicine may/might be under testing，but I’m not sure. 这种药可能正在测试中，但是我不确定。 He told me he might be late. 他告诉我他可能会迟到。 (3)may表示祝愿。 May you succeed.祝你成功。 (4)“may/might as well＋动词原形”是固定结构，意为“不妨……”，也可以表达为“may/might＋动词原形＋as well”。 Now that you have the opportunity，you might as well make full use of it. 既然你有这个机会，不妨充分利用它。 3．must的用法 (1)表示“必须”，语气比should，ought to强烈。其否定形式为mustn’t(不准；禁止)。 You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.你不能那么做，因为你得遵守诺言。 [温馨提示] 以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答要用must，否定回答要用needn’t/don’t have to。 —Must I finish the paper today? —Yes，you must./No，you needn’t/don’t have to. ——今天我必须完成论文吗？ ——是的，你必须完成。/不，你不必完成。 (2)表示有把握的肯定推测，只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定；准是”；在否定句、疑问句中要用can’t代替。 You have worked hard all day.You must be tired. 辛苦工作了一整天，你一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断) They must be working in the lab now，for the light is still on. 他们现在一定在实验室里工作，因为灯还亮着。(对正在发生的情况的推测判断) (3)带有感情色彩，意为“偏偏；偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。 The car must break down just when I was about to start. 我正要出发时车偏偏抛锚了。 4．情态动词＋have done 对过去发生的事情或存在的状态进行推测 (1)must have done sth“(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句中 (2)may(might) have done sth“(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句或否定句中 (3)can(could) not have done sth“(过去)不可能做某事”；用于否定句或疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定 表示与过去事实相反 (1)could have done sth(过去)本可以做某事但实际上没做 (2)needn’t have done sth(过去)本不必做某事但实际上做了 (3)ought to/should have done sth(过去)本应该做某事但实际上没做 (4)oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done sth(过去)本不应该做某事但实际上做了 (5)might have done sth(过去)可能做某事但实际上没做 From what you said，she must have told you all about it. 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。 You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them. 你本应该早点告诉我，不然的话我可能就会和他们一块去了。 You ought to/should have been more careful. 你本应该更小心一些的。 You needn’t have told them about it. 你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。 He couldn’t possibly have said why. 他不可能说出个所以然来。 Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空 1．Can/Could you help me carry this box upstairs? 2．Mary could speak three languages before she was six. 3．This is a non-smoking section.You mustn’t smoke here. 4．There is no light in the room.She must have gone to sleep. 5．You must be very tired after a day’s work.Please have a rest. 6．Tom can’t be back in the United States，for I saw him in the street just now. 7．Nobody knows where the jewels have gone and they may/might have been stolen. 8．It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can be rather cold sometimes. Ⅱ.根据汉语提示补全短文 Jenny 1.couldn’t see clearly(不能看清) when she was having an English class.She guessed 2.there may/might be(可能有) something wrong with her eyes.She asked her teacher，“3.May/Can/Could I leave(我可以离开) now? My eyes hurt and I 4.must have them examined(必须检查一下它们)．” The teacher said，“Yes，of course 5.you can/may(你可以)．” 训练3　Grammar　[分值：83分] Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词或所给动词的正确形式填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．When I was a child，I could watch TV whenever I wanted to. 2．I heard you bought an ancient china vase.May/Can/Could I have a look at it? 3．I may/might come to the party with you，but I am not sure about it. 4．You needn’t have taken(take) so much cash with you.You can pay on your phone. 5．Now that you are concerned about him，you might/may as well visit him this weekend. 6．You must have seen(see) the super film as you know so much about it. 7．Many people admit that smiles around the world can be false，hiding other feelings like anger. 8．She can’t/couldn’t have participated in the activity，for she was doing paperwork in the office then. Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词改写下列句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1．It is impossible that she has left school，for her bike is still here. →She can’t/couldn’t have left school，for her bike is still here. 2．You were supposed to have the ability to pass the job interview，but you were too nervous. →You could have passed the job interview，but you were too nervous. 3．It’s our duty to look after our parents when they are old. →We should/must look after our parents when they are old. 4．I’m not sure why he hasn’t turned up；maybe，he has missed the flight. →I’m not sure why he hasn’t turned up；he may/might have missed the flight. 5．I’m sure he has completed his homework，for I just saw he was playing football on the playground. →He must have completed his homework，for I just saw he was playing football on the playground. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1．如果你非要走的话，至少要等暴雨停了再走。(must) If you must go，at least wait until the storm is over. 2．考试时你再怎么仔细也不为过。(can) You cannot/can never be too careful when taking an exam. 3．听说你要回国了。祝你旅途愉快！(may) I hear that you are returning to your country.May you have a good journey! 4．你本可以通过考试，但你没有努力。(could) You could have passed the examination，but you didn’t work hard. 5．要记住，小失误会铸成大错。(can) Keep in mind that little mistakes can lead to big ones. Ⅳ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分) A Four Interesting Festivals Around the World Noosa Festival of Surfing，Australia Noosa is one of the world’s best surfing destinations.Big waves crash onto the sunny and expansive beaches，backed by bars，cafes and the Noosa National Park，attracting talents even from the world’s greatest surf spots like Hawaii，California and New Zealand.Lighthearted activities such as art shows，live music and dog surfing competitions accompany the more serious competitions. Hangout Music Festival，Alabama，the USA For a celebration of some of the finest creators reaching the highest position in the music charts，head to the coast of Alabama for the start of the summer festival season.The annual music festival on the white-sand beaches of the city of Gulf Shores in the southeastern US state is an all-out musical feast，with some huge names in the music world singing live. Cartagena International Film Festival，Colombia As the oldest film festival in Latin America，Cartagena International Film Festival will enter its 64th year in 2024.The colourful streets of the Caribbean coastal city，Cartagena，come to life with screenings.The city becomes an attraction for fans every year during the festival.Celebrating creative freedom and expression，the film festival is the best opportunity to dive into filmmaking culture. Copenhagen Photo Festival，Denmark The Danish capital hosts the largest photo festival in Northern Europe，showing international photography of present day in a surprising setting at the water’s edge in an urban coastal wilderness，formerly an industrial shipyard site.The 10-day festival appeals to photographers around the region，with the 2023 festival turning the lens(镜头) to the idea of “rewilding”． 1．Which festival is likely to attract an adventurer? A．Noosa Festival of Surfing. B．Hangout Music Festival. C．Cartagena International Film Festival. D．Copenhagen Photo Festival. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据Noosa Festival of Surfing，Australia部分中的“Noosa is one of the world’s best surfing destinations.Big waves...Hawaii，California and New Zealand.”可知，在Noosa Festival of Surfing这个节日，人们可以冲浪，冲浪属于一种极限运动，由此可推知，这个节日会吸引冒险家，故选A。 2．What can you do in Hangout Music Festival? A．Enjoy live singing. B．Learn about the surfing culture. C．Appreciate amazing photography. D．Watch an excellent creative movie. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Hangout Music Festival，Alabama，the USA部分最后一句中的“with some huge names in the music world singing live”可知，在Hangout Music Festival，你可以欣赏现场演唱，故选A。 3．What do the four festivals have in common? A．They last more than ten days. B．They attract the sports lovers. C．They are related with art shows. D．They take place in coastal areas. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Noosa Festival of Surfing，Australia部分中的“Noosa is one of the world’s best surfing destinations.”；Hangout Music Festival，Alabama，the USA部分中的“For a celebration...head to the coast of Alabama for the start of the summer festival season.”；Cartagena International Film Festival，Colombia部分中的“The colourful streets of the Caribbean coastal city，Cartagena，come to life with screenings.”和Copenhagen Photo Festival，Denmark部分中的“The Danish capital...urban coastal wilderness”可知，这四个节日都发生在沿海地区。故选D。 B Against the backdrop of sweeping economic globalisation，interactions and exchanges among ethnic(民族的) groups，races，and nationalities have become increasingly frequent；countries have taken the way of “shared learning” with regards to cultural exchange. Spring Festival is the most celebrated festival in China，and now is expanding its presence across the world.As Chinese youths celebrate Christmas，Westerners also acknowledge Spring Festival.It indicates the trends of shared learning and harmonious coexistence between civilisations. Spring Festival marks the first day on the Chinese lunar calendar.On that day and over the following two weeks，people greet each other saying “good luck in whatever you do” or “happiness for all your family”．Streets and houses are decorated by Chinese knots(结) and other articles of red colour.In many foreign countries，traditional Chinese activities are performed as fixed programme，namely the dragon dance and the Peking Opera，adding diversity to local cultures. Why is a time-honoured festival so vibrant and even celebrated in other countries? The answer lies in the rich，positive connotation(内涵) of Spring Festival. Spring Festival reflects spirit of amity(和睦)．More than 2,000 years ago，Confucius said all people in the world are sisters and brothers.The spirit of amity has shaped Chinese people’s concept of and expectation for intrafamily and inter-state relations as well as state governance. Spring Festival is a time for expressing gratefulness.During Spring Festival people are reminded of the sense of gratefulness by honouring their ancestors and parents in traditional ways. Spring Festival is also a salute to another Chinese virtue，diligence(勤奋)．Chinese people believe that only with their own hands can people create a happy and beautiful life. Spring Festival also calls for sharing，a value long respected by Chinese.Mencius told his pupils what a man of virtue is like，“In desperate straits they would develop their own goodness.Successfully，they would share their goodness with the whole world.” Nowadays the culture，calling for friendship，gratefulness，diligence and sharing，is contributing to the world civilisation for a happy，harmonious，and beautiful future for humankind. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。在中国年轻人庆祝圣诞节的同时，西方人也庆祝春节，文章主要介绍了春节的一些传统习俗和春节所体现的精神。 4．What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about? A．Intercultural learning. B．Economic globalisation. C．Festival celebrations. D．The widespread Spring Festival. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第一段的“countries have taken the way of ‘shared learning’ with regards to cultural exchange”以及第二段内容可知，前两段主要讲了跨文化学习。故选A。 5．Which of the following can best represent good luck and happiness in China? A．Dragon dance. B．The Peking Opera. C．Red knots. D．Honouring the ancestors. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“On that day...saying ‘good luck in whatever you do’ or ‘happiness for all your family’．Streets and houses are decorated by Chinese knots(结)．..”可推知，在中国，红色的中国结也是表达祝福和祈愿，所以四个选项中C项最能象征好运和幸福。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “vibrant” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Busy and noisy. B．Old and fading. C．Bright and strong. D．Exciting and attractive. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“and even celebrated in other countries”以及“The answer lies in the rich，positive connotation(内涵) of Spring Festival.”可知，在其他国家也有庆祝春节的活动，且春节有着丰富而积极的内涵，这说明春节是一个令人兴奋而且吸引人的节日。故画线词意思是“令人兴奋而且吸引人”。故选D。 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Spring Festival Carrying Positive Values B．Spring Festival Celebrated in China and Beyond C．Festivals Celebrated Around the World D．Great Persons Shaping Chinese Virtues 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要说明了在经济全球化的背景下，西方人也庆祝春节，介绍了春节的一些传统习俗和春节所体现的精神。故B选项“春节在中国和其他国家被庆祝”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。 Ⅴ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Festivals are a part of our culture.We have grown up around them and have embraced them as a part of our lives. 1 Festivals to them mean decorations，sweets，gifts，games and lots of other celebrations.However，there are a lot of things that children can learn from celebrating festivals. Festivals are celebrated with people. 2 This teaches children the importance of community and the joys of working together.When kids take part in preparations for a festival，they make a place for themselves in this community of people. Festivals also mean that the entire family can be together and celebrate something they believe in.Kids and parents find time to help each other to decorate their house，prepare delicacies，make gifts，etc. 3 Kids are also able to spend time and bond with their grandparents，cousins，and other relatives. Festivals also mean gift-giving and sharing.The exchange of gifts teaches children to share joys during festivals. 4 Children learn to share and care for others who may not be able to celebrate festivals without their help.This teaches them the importance of generosity and humbleness.They also learn to be thankful for what they have and receive. 5 A child can be taught more about their culture and their country during festivals and celebrations.This teaches them about their roots in the world and makes them proud of their country and culture.It is during festivals that stories of the past come forward to teach children about the past and help them understand the importance of celebration through generations. A．Festivals have much more to offer to children. B．Festivals are a great way to understand one’s culture. C．This allows children to form a stronger bond with their parents. D．Children are particularly the ones who enjoy festivals more than adults. E．On these days people from all walks of life come together to celebrate life. F．Children share sweets and gifts with relatives and friends to spread the joy of celebrations. G．Celebrations always involve people coming together and helping each other to have a good time. 1．答案　A 解析　上文提到我们已经伴着节日长大，下文提到节日不仅带给孩子乐趣，还能让他们学到东西，故A选项“节日可以给孩子们提供更多的东西”承上启下，符合语境，选项中children即后文的them，故选A。 2．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Festivals are celebrated with people.”以及下文“This teaches children the importance of community and the joys of working together.”可知，本句承接上文，继续说明和人们一起庆祝节日的意义，并提到下文This的指代内容。故G选项“庆祝活动总是让人们聚在一起，互相帮助，度过一段美好的时光”符合语境，故选G。 3．答案　C 解析　上文“Kids and parents find time to help each other to decorate their house，prepare delicacies，make gifts，etc.”提到了节日可以让父母和孩子多在一起，本句应承接上文说明其意义。故C选项“这可以让孩子与父母建立更牢固的联系”符合语境，故选C。 4．答案　F 解析　根据上文“Festivals also mean gift-giving and sharing.”可知，本段的主旨是节日意味着送礼与分享，F选项中share对应上文中sharing。故F选项“孩子们与亲朋好友分享糖果和礼物，以传播庆祝活动的喜悦”符合语境，故选F。 5．答案　B 解析　根据下文“A child can be taught more about their culture...help them understand the importance of celebration through generations.”可知，本段的主旨是节日可以帮助了解自己国家的文化。故B选项“节日是了解自己国家文化的好方法”符合语境，故选B。 Ⅵ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Spring Festival comes to an end.Here 1. (come) the Lantern Festival.The Lantern Festival can date back to the Han Dynasty.It is 2. the 15th day of the first lunar month.Almost every 3. (tradition) festival in China comes with 4._____________(it) own food and the Lantern Festival is no exception.It is popular to have “yuanxiao” or “tangyuan”．It is a kind of dessert 5. (make) from glutinous rice.In Chinese，“tangyuan” has a similar pronunciation with “tuanyuan”，6.___________ means reunion.Lantern is the most notable part of the festival.Chinese craftsmen have made countless lanterns in different 7. (kind) such as Kongming lanterns，water lanterns.People used to join in lantern fairs in which they can watch lanterns，guess riddles and give their faithful prayers to decedents.In ancient China，unmarried woman couldn’t go out at will.Only at the Lantern Festival were they allowed to go to the lantern exhibition.That’s 8.______________ ancient Chinese people considered the Lantern Festival as the occasion to look for a match or meet up with the beloved.Everyone is addicted to 9. (enjoy) the happiness.Therefore，the Lantern Festival was 10. (actual) the real Chinese Valentine’s Day. 1．答案　comes 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态以及前一句的谓语动词comes可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语the Lantern Festival为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用单数。故填comes。 2．答案　on 解析　考查介词。由空后the 15th day为具体某一天可知，此处用介词on。故填on。 3．答案　traditional 解析　考查形容词。由空后festival为名词可知，此处为形容词形式作定语修饰该名词。故填traditional。 4．答案　its 解析　考查代词。由空后food为名词可知，此处应为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词。故填its。 5．答案　made 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰dessert，dessert和make为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填made。 6．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“tuanyuan”，在从句中作主语。故填which。 7．答案　kinds 解析　考查名词复数。由空前different以及kind为可数名词可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填kinds。 8．答案　why 解析　考查表语从句。上文说只有元宵节未婚女子才可以去看灯会，与后文人们把元宵节看作寻找伴侣或与心爱的人见面的日子构成因果关系，空后的句子表示结果。故填why。 9．答案　enjoying 解析　考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be addicted to doing sth“沉迷于做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填enjoying。 10．答案　actually 解析　考查副词。此处为副词作状语。故填actually。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅳ Grammar Let’s celebrate! Unit 2 阅读以下对话，感知加颜色词，并回答其后的问题 A：The boy walking in front ①might/may be our monitor Tom. B：No，it ②can’t be him.Because he has gone to China to experience the Spring Festival. A：Wow！He ③must be enjoying himself in China now. B：Yes.I also visited China this time last year. A：Really? You ④must have spent a special occasion there. B：Yes.It was really a special experience. A：How I wish I ⑤could also go to China next winter vacation! 语境感悟 [自主发现] 以上加颜色词都是　　　动词，情态动词①②③④表示　　　，其中②表示对现在的　　　推测；④表示对　　　情况的肯定推测；情态动词⑤用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示　　　　　。 情态 推测 否定 过去 虚拟语气 语法精讲 一、语法梳理 情态动词(Ⅱ) 二、用法精析 1.can与could的用法 (1)表示能力(could是过去式)。 My grandmother can do some shopping on the Internet，but she couldn’t last year. 我奶奶会网上购物了，但是去年她还不会。 (2)表示推测，意为“可能，能够”，本用法通常只适用于疑问句和否定句。 Can this news be true? 这则消息可能是真的吗？ What he said could not be true.他的话不可能是真的。 (3)表示请求和许可(could表示更委婉的语气，回答时只能用can)。 —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ——我现在可以走了吗？ ——是的，可以。 (4)用于肯定的陈述句中，表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“可能”；有时用来指一时的情况，意为“有时候会”。 As we all know，anyone can make mistakes. 我们都知道，任何人都可能犯错。 (5)习惯用法“cannot...too...”表示“无论怎样……都不过分，越……越好”。有时cannot可用can never替代。 We cannot/can never thank you too much for what you’ve done for us. 对于你们为我们所做的一切，我们怎么感谢你们都不过分。 (6)could用以表示虚拟语气时主要有3种情况：①用于虚拟条件句中；②用于even if/though引导的让步状语从句；③用于wish后的宾语从句。 2.may与might的用法 (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustn’t/can’t。 —May/Might I play computer games after supper? —Yes，you may./No，you mustn’t/can’t. ——晚饭后我可以玩电脑游戏吗？ ——是的，可以。/不，不行。 (2)表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能”，用于肯定句。might语气更加不确定，指现在或将来，只有在宾语从句中might do(be)才表示过去的可能性。 The medicine may/might be under testing，but I’m not sure. 这种药可能正在测试中，但是我不确定。 He told me he might be late. 他告诉我他可能会迟到。 (3)may表示祝愿。 May you succeed.祝你成功。 (4)“may/might as well＋动词原形”是固定结构，意为“不妨……”，也可以表达为“may/might＋动词原形＋as well”。 Now that you have the opportunity，you might as well make full use of it. 既然你有这个机会，不妨充分利用它。 3.must的用法 (1)表示“必须”，语气比should，ought to强烈。其否定形式为mustn’t(不准；禁止)。 You mustn’t do that，because you must keep your word.你不能那么做，因为你得遵守诺言。 [温馨提示] 以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答要用must，否定回答要用needn’t/don’t have to。 —Must I finish the paper today? —Yes，you must./No，you needn’t/don’t have to. ——今天我必须完成论文吗？ ——是的，你必须完成。/不，你不必完成。 (2)表示有把握的肯定推测，只能用在肯定句中，意为“一定；准是”；在否定句、疑问句中要用can’t代替。 You have worked hard all day.You must be tired. 辛苦工作了一整天，你一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断) They must be working in the lab now，for the light is still on. 他们现在一定在实验室里工作，因为灯还亮着。(对正在发生的情况的推测判断) (3)带有感情色彩，意为“偏偏；偏要”，常指令人不快的事情。 The car must break down just when I was about to start. 我正要出发时车偏偏抛锚了。 4.情态动词＋have done 对过去发生的事情或存在的状态进行推测 (1)must have done sth“(过去)一定做了某事”；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句中 (2)may(might) have done sth“(过去)可能/也许做了某事”；语气不确定；用于肯定句或否定句中 (3)can(could) not have done sth“(过去)不可能做某事”；用于否定句或疑问句，表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑或不确定 表示与过去事实相反 (1)could have done sth(过去)本可以做某事但实际上没做 (2)needn’t have done sth(过去)本不必做某事但实际上做了 (3)ought to/should have done sth(过去)本应该做某事但实际上没做 (4)oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done sth(过去)本不应该做某事但实际上做了 (5)might have done sth(过去)可能做某事但实际上没做 From what you said，she must have told you all about it. 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。 You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them. 你本应该早点告诉我，不然的话我可能就会和他们一块去了。 You ought to/should have been more careful. 你本应该更小心一些的。 You needn’t have told them about it. 你本来没有必要告诉他们那件事。 He couldn’t possibly have said why. 他不可能说出个所以然来。 Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空 1.　　　　　 you help me carry this box upstairs? 2.Mary speak three languages before she was six. 3.This is a non-smoking section.You smoke here. 4.There is no light in the room.She have gone to sleep. 5.You be very tired after a day’s work.Please have a rest. Can/Could 达标检测 could mustn’t must must 6.Tom be back in the United States，for I saw him in the street just now. 7.Nobody knows where the jewels have gone and they have been stolen. 8.It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it be rather cold sometimes. can’t may/might can Ⅱ.根据汉语提示补全短文 Jenny 1. (不能看清) when she was having an English class.She guessed 2. (可能有) something wrong with her eyes.She asked her teacher，“3. (我可以离开) now? My eyes hurt and I 4. (必须检查一下它们).” The teacher said，“Yes，of course 5. (你可以).” couldn’t see clearly there may/might be May/Can/Could I leave must have them examined you can/may $$