Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第二册教师用书（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures Cultural heritage Unit 1 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成下面的练习 There was a time ①during which I was tired of learning English.Fortunately，my tutor ②whose duty was to help the students in trouble often communicated with me face to face.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers ③who came from other schools，and take part in a series of activities ④which were designed for teenagers.Now，I feel it interesting to learn English and have formed the habit of reading English every day and often take an active part in English Corner ⑤where I can make many new friends ⑥who love to learn English.Now comes a time ⑦when I have fallen in love with English. 语境感悟 [自主发现] 1.①⑦的先行词是表示时间的词 ，①是 引导的定语从句，⑦是关系副词when引导的定语从句，引导词都在定语从句中作 。 2.②的先行词是表示人的名词，关系代词whose在定语从句中作 。 3.③④⑥的先行词是表示人或物的名词，关系代词在从句中作的都是 ，不能省略。 4.⑤的先行词是表示地点的名词，引导词在定语从句中作 ，所以用关系副词引导定语从句。 a time 介词＋关系代词 状语 定语 主语 状语 语法总览 语法精讲 限制性定语从句 一、关系代词引导限制性定语从句 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) whom 人 宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) whose 人或物 定语 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) which 物 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) This is the gallery (that/which) I visited together with my parents last month. 这就是我上个月和父母一起参观的那座美术馆。 The woman who/that provided specific clues is Amy’s English teacher. 提供具体线索的那个女人是艾米的英语老师。 I live next door to a couple whose children often take part in outdoor activities. 我隔壁住着一对夫妇，他们的孩子经常参加户外活动。 This is my former secretary (that/whom/who) I would like to introduce to you. 这就是我要介绍给你的我以前的秘书。 I read a report about his new novel which/that will be likely published next month. 我读了一篇关于他的新小说的报道，这本小说很可能下个月出版。 二、关系副词引导限制性定语从句 关系副词 先行词 句法功能 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因(reason) 原因状语 I still remember the day when I bought a camera of high quality. 我仍然记得我买了一台高质量相机的那一天。 The famous archaeologist still lives in the same house where he lived ten years ago. 这位著名的考古学家仍然住在他十年前住过的那所房子里。 The reason why I studied overseas was that I was crazy about foreign unique traditions. 我出国留学的原因是我对外国独特的传统着迷。 三、关系代词和关系副词的选用 根据引导词在从句中作的成分：把引导词放进定语从句中，若作主语、宾语或表语，用关系代词；若作状语，则用关系副词。 This is the museum that/which was established by his father. 这是他父亲一手建立起来的博物馆。 This is the museum where his father worked twenty years ago. 这就是他父亲20年前工作过的那个博物馆。 The reason that/which he gave is unbelievable. 他给出的理由让人无法相信。 The reason why he conducted so well was that he had made full preparations. 他发挥得这么好的原因是他做了充分的准备。 I will always remember the day that/which we spent together. 我将永远记得我们一起度过的那一天。 I will always remember the day when I got promoted. 我将永远记得我升职的那一天。 四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句选用介词的依据 1.根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因它而出名。(be famous for “因……而出名”) 2.根据与先行词搭配的具体意义。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”) 3.根据句子的意思。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。 4.表示所属关系或整体中的部分时，通常用介词of。 The door of which you lost the key can’t be opened. 你丢了钥匙的那扇门打不开了。 [点津]　在定语从句中，有一些“动词＋介词”短语若将介词提前则会失去动词短语的意义，即不能把介词移至关系代词前。常见的这种动词短语有look after，look for，care for，deal with，get through，hear from/of，send for，see to等。 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) 护士们正在照料的婴儿都很健康。 五、as引导限制性定语从句 as引导的限制性定语从句常和the same，such等连用，构成固定用法：the same...as...，such...as...，as...as...等。as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 Even in my dreams I couldn’t imagine such a beautiful place as you have offered us. 你提供给我们的地方如此美丽，即使在梦里我也想象不到。 [注意]　定语从句的特殊情况： 1.定语从句中宜用that，不宜用which的情况 (1)先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时；先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时；先行词被the very，the only，just等修饰时；先行词既包括人又包括物时，用that引导定语从句。 (2)who/which引导的特殊疑问句中，为避免重复，用that引导定语从句。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 This is the worst loss that I have ever suffered. 这是我经历过的最严重的损失。 This is the very issue that I want to put forward at tomorrow’s meeting. 这正是我想在明天的会议上提出的问题。 The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 你告诉我的那位科学家和他的成就为我们所有人钦佩。 Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 赢得金牌的男孩是谁？ 2.当先行词为those，he，anybody，anyone等时，用who引导定语从句。 He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. ＝Those who don’t reach the Great Wall are not true men. 不到长城非好汉。 Anybody who breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。 Ⅰ.用定语从句合并下面的句子 1.Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there. _______________________________________________________________ 2.She is an artist.I am quite familiar with her works. _______________________________________________________________ 3.There are a number of protests.We are considering them. _______________________________________________________________ 达标检测 Do you remember the place where we all used to meet? She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with. There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering. 4.A plane crashed into the sea.It may have been a terrorist target. _______________________________________________________________ 5.You were playing some music.It sounded very familiar. _______________________________________________________________ A plane that/which crashed into the sea may have been a terrorist target. The music (that/which) you were playing sounded very familiar. Ⅱ.完成句子(定语从句) 1.对这次活动感兴趣的人可在6月15日前报名。 Those can sign up before June 15. 2.你能够告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason ? 3.我们生活在一个比以前任何时候更多的信息能被轻易获得的时代。 We live in an age ________________________________________________ __________. who are interested in the activity why/for which you are late again when more information is available with great ease than ever before 4.我渴望参加将于6月19日在学校报告厅举行的活动。 I desire to take part in the activity _________________________________ ____________________. which/that will be held in the school lecture hall on June 19 $$ Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习 There was a time ①during which I was tired of learning English.Fortunately，my tutor ②whose duty was to help the students in trouble often communicated with me face to face.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers ③who came from other schools，and take part in a series of activities ④which were designed for teenagers.Now，I feel it interesting to learn English and have formed the habit of reading English every day and often take an active part in English Corner ⑤where I can make many new friends ⑥who love to learn English.Now comes a time ⑦when I have fallen in love with English. 自主发现 1．①⑦的先行词是表示时间的词a time，①是介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，⑦是关系副词when引导的定语从句，引导词都在定语从句中作状语。 2．②的先行词是表示人的名词，关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。 3．③④⑥的先行词是表示人或物的名词，关系代词在从句中作的都是主语，不能省略。 4．⑤的先行词是表示地点的名词，引导词在定语从句中作状语，所以用关系副词引导定语从句。 限制性定语从句 一、关系代词引导限制性定语从句 关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) whom 人 宾语(在限制性定语从句中可省略) whose 人或物 定语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) which 物 主语、宾语、表语(在限制性定语从句中作宾语或表语时可省略) This is the gallery (that/which) I visited together with my parents last month. 这就是我上个月和父母一起参观的那座美术馆。 The woman who/that provided specific clues is Amy’s English teacher. 提供具体线索的那个女人是艾米的英语老师。 I live next door to a couple whose children often take part in outdoor activities. 我隔壁住着一对夫妇，他们的孩子经常参加户外活动。 This is my former secretary (that/whom/who) I would like to introduce to you. 这就是我要介绍给你的我以前的秘书。 I read a report about his new novel which/that will be likely published next month. 我读了一篇关于他的新小说的报道，这本小说很可能下个月出版。 二、关系副词引导限制性定语从句 关系副词 先行词 句法功能 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因(reason) 原因状语 I still remember the day when I bought a camera of high quality. 我仍然记得我买了一台高质量相机的那一天。 The famous archaeologist still lives in the same house where he lived ten years ago. 这位著名的考古学家仍然住在他十年前住过的那所房子里。 The reason why I studied overseas was that I was crazy about foreign unique traditions. 我出国留学的原因是我对外国独特的传统着迷。 三、关系代词和关系副词的选用 根据引导词在从句中作的成分：把引导词放进定语从句中，若作主语、宾语或表语，用关系代词；若作状语，则用关系副词。 This is the museum that/which was established by his father. 这是他父亲一手建立起来的博物馆。 This is the museum where his father worked twenty years ago. 这就是他父亲20年前工作过的那个博物馆。 The reason that/which he gave is unbelievable. 他给出的理由让人无法相信。 The reason why he conducted so well was that he had made full preparations. 他发挥得这么好的原因是他做了充分的准备。 I will always remember the day that/which we spent together. 我将永远记得我们一起度过的那一天。 I will always remember the day when I got promoted. 我将永远记得我升职的那一天。 四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句选用介词的依据 1．根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因它而出名。(be famous for “因……而出名”) 2．根据与先行词搭配的具体意义。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”) 3．根据句子的意思。 The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体叫作氧气。 4．表示所属关系或整体中的部分时，通常用介词of。 The door of which you lost the key can’t be opened. 你丢了钥匙的那扇门打不开了。 点津　在定语从句中，有一些“动词＋介词”短语若将介词提前则会失去动词短语的意义，即不能把介词移至关系代词前。常见的这种动词短语有look after，look for，care for，deal with，get through，hear from/of，send for，see to等。 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) 护士们正在照料的婴儿都很健康。 五、as引导限制性定语从句 as引导的限制性定语从句常和the same，such等连用，构成固定用法：the same...as...，such...as...，as...as...等。as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。 Even in my dreams I couldn’t imagine such a beautiful place as you have offered us. 你提供给我们的地方如此美丽，即使在梦里我也想象不到。 注意　定语从句的特殊情况： 1．定语从句中宜用that，不宜用which的情况 (1)先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时；先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时；先行词被the very，the only，just等修饰时；先行词既包括人又包括物时，用that引导定语从句。 (2)who/which引导的特殊疑问句中，为避免重复，用that引导定语从句。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 This is the worst loss that I have ever suffered. 这是我经历过的最严重的损失。 This is the very issue that I want to put forward at tomorrow’s meeting. 这正是我想在明天的会议上提出的问题。 The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 你告诉我的那位科学家和他的成就为我们所有人钦佩。 Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 赢得金牌的男孩是谁？ 2．当先行词为those，he，anybody，anyone等时，用who引导定语从句。 He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. ＝Those who don’t reach the Great Wall are not true men. 不到长城非好汉。 Anybody who breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都应该受到惩罚。 Ⅰ.用定语从句合并下面的句子 1．Do you remember the place? We all used to meet there. Do you remember the place where we all used to meet? 2．She is an artist.I am quite familiar with her works. She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with. 3．There are a number of protests.We are considering them. There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering. 4．A plane crashed into the sea.It may have been a terrorist target. A plane that/which crashed into the sea may have been a terrorist target. 5．You were playing some music.It sounded very familiar. The music (that/which) you were playing sounded very familiar. Ⅱ.完成句子(定语从句) 1．对这次活动感兴趣的人可在6月15日前报名。 Those who are interested in the activity can sign up before June 15. 2．你能够告诉我你再次迟到的原因吗？ Can you tell me the reason why/for which you are late again? 3．我们生活在一个比以前任何时候更多的信息能被轻易获得的时代。 We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before. 4．我渴望参加将于6月19日在学校报告厅举行的活动。 I desire to take part in the activity which/that will be held in the school lecture hall on June 19. 训练3　Discovering Useful Structures　[分值：80.5分] Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1．According to the author，those who enjoy reading will never feel lonely. 2．That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookstore. 3．Lucy didn’t tell him the reason why she left her hometown for New York. 4．The palace that/which was built three hundred years ago is now in bad condition. 5．The girl for whom you made a card was very grateful to you. 6．The woman whom/that/who you saw in the market is our English teacher. 7．I am looking forward to the day when my little son can read this book and know my feelings. 8．I bought a book which/that I think could help me with my grammar. 9．Kate whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college has gone to work in Australia. 10．Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris. Ⅱ.补全句子(用关系词或“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)(每小题3分，满分18分) 1．人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。 There are many reasons why/for which people love traveling. 2．我永远不会忘记我们乐队成立的那一年。 I will never forget the year when/in which our band was set up. 3．我仍然记得那个位于大青山脚下的村庄。 I still remember the village that/which lies at the foot of Daqing Mountain. 4．我怀念我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。 I miss the farm where/on which I spent my childhood in the country. 5．我很感激你为了提高我的英语所做的一切。 I am grateful to you for everything (that) you have done for me to improve my English. 6．我们将举办一场目的是丰富我们的课外活动的英语演讲比赛。 We will hold an English speech competition whose aim is to enrich our extra-curricular activities.(whose) Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2024·安徽阜阳高一上期末) After seven years of improvement，Ye Olde Black Bear in Tewkesbury，UK reopened to customers in July 2023.The pub，which was established in 1308，is believed to have once been visited by William Shakespeare.But while many people in the town are delighted that one of its most famous buildings and businesses has been revived，others living close to it have a different voice. The house has a large open area at the back for hosting live music events，for which the City Council has decided to review(校审) the licence following complaints from the public.The pub said，on its social media page: “To review the longstanding licence of the Black Bear is placing it at risk of closure.” It urged its supporters to write letters of support which it would forward on to the council. The council said，in a letter to residents living near the pub，that possible measures it might take included limiting outdoor entertainment at the site to six days a year，ending at 10：30 pm each time，and requiring a noise limiting device to be fixed.The pub is run by landlord Luke Haynes and his family，who say their research shows it is the oldest pub which has always been a pub in the UK. Luke said allowing only six events a year would mean the pub would not survive financially，adding profits earned by staging live music sessions in the summer would enable the pub to get through the winter. He said，“The support from the town has been absolutely great.It’s a very small number of people who are complaining.We’ve had huge support from our neighbours.I’m trying to work with the council to come up with solutions to this.” The pub’s fans have gathered behind the bid to keep it going，with an online demand having been signed by more than 2,800 people.Georgie Smith，who started it，said，“We believe closing the Black Bear would be harmful to our community，both socially and economically.The importance of pubs in the UK cannot be overstated.They are part of our cultural heritage.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。英国蒂克斯伯里古老的Ye Olde Black Bear酒吧经过七年的修缮，在2023年7月重新向顾客开放。虽然许多人对此感到开心，但也有人有不同的意见。遭到公众投诉后，该酒吧面临着关闭的风险，但也有许多支持者为了让酒吧运营下去而努力。 1．What is the Black Bear? A．It’s a famous pub with a long history. B．It’s a music band performing in the open air. C．It’s an Internet company popular with customers. D．It’s a house where William Shakespeare once lived. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可推知，Black Bear是一家有着悠久历史的著名酒吧。故选A。 2．What caused the council to review the licence of the Black Bear? A．The bad effects on children. B．The reopening without permits. C．The repairs of the historical house. D．The complaints from some neighbours. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The house has a large open area at the back for hosting live music events，for which the City Council has decided to review(校审) the licence following complaints from the public.”可知，酒吧附近居民的投诉让市议会审查其许可证。故选D。 3．Which requirement from the council will have the worst effect? A．Fixing a noise limiting device. B．Holding only six events a year. C．Showing the licence to the public. D．Ending events at 10：30 pm each time. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Luke said allowing only six events a year would mean the pub would not survive financially”可推知，市议会让这家酒吧一年只能举办六场活动的措施会导致酒吧在财务方面无法维护，故这项要求会有最糟糕的影响。故选B。 4．What does Georgie Smith suggest people do? A．Protect the community. B．Drink in the pub more often. C．Support the Black Bear online. D．Remember the importance of pubs. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Georgie Smith发起了网民在线签署请愿书的活动，并认为这个酒吧非常重要，关闭它会对社区造成经济和社会上的伤害，由此可推测出，他建议人们在线支持Black Bear。故选C。 B The walls of ancient Egyptian tombs(坟墓) can teach us much about the ancient Egyptians’ life.However，many paintings in the tombs were damaged by unlawful tomb diggers. Now a new study shows how a technology called portable X-ray fluorescence(pXRF) can be used to better study the paintings.Developed in the early 20th century by physicist Henry Moseley，XRF and pXRF can be used to decide materials’ elemental composition(元素组成)．Rather than the huge and immovable tool often used to study historical objects in labs，the tool needed in the pXRF study weighs only a few kilograms and can be taken into the field. The research team headed by Philippe Martinez from Sorbonne University used the new tool to perform chemical imaging on paintings on site，allowing for the study of paint composition.As the ancient Egyptians used paints made from minerals(矿物)，the paints have specific chemical markers.By using pXRF，scientists can use the chemical markers to create a map of damaged areas. The team used the pXRF tool in the study of a painting of Ramesses Ⅱ found in the tomb of Nakhtamun，which has traditionally been dated at the 19th dynasty of ancient Egypt.And they discovered the necklace worn by the king in the painting may have been changed. The king was first painted to be wearing a shebyu necklace，which was trendy during the 20th dynasty，some years after Ramesses Ⅱ’s death.And it appears that the necklace was later changed to a wesekh necklace，which usually appears in paintings during his time.This means the tomb painters at first painted this 19th-dynasty ruler wearing a 20th-dynasty necklace，realized their mistake and then corrected it.The technology enabled the team to learn that the tomb owner，Nakhtamun，may actually have lived in the 20th rather than the 19th dynasty，and that the painting is not of a living king，but rather of a former ruler. According to the researchers，the pXRF technology allows in-depth studies while helping prevent further damage.And it presents important details about the technological and artistic achievements of the ancient Egyptians. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，便携式X射线荧光技术pXRF可以用于更好地研究古埃及墓中的绘画，揭示有关绘画和文化的重要细节。 5．What can be learned about the pXRF technology from paragraph 2? A．It only works in laboratory settings. B．It requires a large and fixed tool to operate. C．It was developed to prevent painting from being stolen. D．It is more convenient than the earlier technology. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Rather than the huge and immovable tool...the tool needed in the pXRF study weighs only a few kilograms and can be taken into the field.”可知，pXRF技术比以前的技术更方便。故选D。 6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The process of repairing the tombs. B．The researchers’ working methods. C．The introduction to the technology’s inventor. D．The valuable materials of the paints used in the paintings. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段主要讲了研究人员研究墓穴中绘画的工作方法。故选B。 7．What does the underlined word “trendy” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Popular. B．Acceptable. C．Confusing. D．Expensive. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及下文的“...which usually appears in paintings during his time”并结合常识可知，画中的国王最初戴着一条埃及第二十王朝“流行的”项链。故选A。 8．What does the research on the painting of Ramesses Ⅱ show? A．Ramesses Ⅱ paid great attention to his appearance. B．Ancient Egyptian painters were careless about details. C．The new tool was important to the dating of historical objects. D．Technology developed very quickly during Ramesses Ⅱ’s time. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，该新工具对历史文物的年代测定很重要。故选C。 Ⅳ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Cultural heritage plays an important role in maintaining(维持) the continuity of a nation’s civilization.But for various reasons，cultural heritage is often damaged and even at risk of disappearing. 1 Here are some suggestions for teenagers on how to safeguard cultural heritage. 2 Teenagers can educate themselves about the history，traditions，and value of cultural heritage by reading books，visiting museums，or talking with older generations.They can also join cultural preservation societies or volunteer organizations to take part in activities and get insights(深刻见解) from professionals. Actively promote the importance of protecting cultural heritage.Everyone has a responsibility to contribute to the preservation of cultural heritage，so it is necessary to raise public awareness of preservation. 3 For example，teenagers can deliver speeches at schools，organize public activities，or share stories related to cultural preservation on social media. Behave respectfully during a visit to a cultural heritage site.When visiting cultural sites，we must be mindful of our actions and make sure that we do not do any damage to them.Learning about the related rules in advance is necessary. 4 Report incidents(事件) of cultural heritage destruction.Sometimes we see some acts of destruction to cultural heritage. 5 If we don’t have the ability to do so，we can report them to the authorities，such as heritage preservation organizations and some government departments.Don’t forget to provide them with all the related details and evidence you have collected when you report the incidents. A．Learn and understand cultural heritage. B．This can be done through various means. C．We should be brave enough to stop them. D．So its protection has become a pressing matter. E．Make donations to heritage preservation organizations. F．It’s important to continue to visit cultural sites，even endangered ones. G．This is because we may be unclear whether our behaviour does harm. 1．答案　D 解析　此空设于段中，与上文存在因果关系。上文说因为各种原因，文化遗产经常遭到破坏，甚至面临消失的风险，所以保护文化遗产迫在眉睫。选项D符合语境，故选D。 2．答案　A 解析　此空设于段首，是本段的总括。下文说青少年可以通过读书、去博物馆或和老辈谈话等方式了解、学习历史、传统和文化遗产的价值。选项A能概括下文，故选A。 3．答案　B 解析　此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，承上启下。上文说有必要提高公众的文化遗产保护意识，下文举例说明了一些具体的做法，B项“这可以通过多种方式来实现”符合题意，上下文语境连贯，故选B。 4．答案　G 解析　此空设于段尾，与上文存在因果关系。上文说在参观文化遗址之前有必要提前了解相关的规则，选项G“这是因为我们可能不清楚我们的行为是否对文化遗址有害”说明原因。故选G。 5．答案　C 解析　此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，承上启下。本段主要讲要报告文化遗产损坏事件，上文说有时候我们会看到一些破坏文化遗产的行为，下文说如果我们没能力那样做，就要上报官方机构。下文中的so就是指代选项C表达的内容。故选C。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分) China is a country 1. is rich in cultural heritage.It has been using 2. (advance) technology to protect ancient relics.So far this year，experts 3. (complete) the digital scanning(扫描) of 12 caves of the Mogao Grottoes，a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of protection efforts，the Dunhuang Academy(研究院) said. The academy has also collected images of 4. murals(壁画) inside 14 caves of another ancient grotto site in the city of Dunhuang，northwest China’s Gansu Province，according to Yu Tianxiu，5. (direct) of the academy’s cultural relics digitalization institute. Yu said the digitalization project was started in the 1990s 6. (create) digital images of the Mogao Grottoes and other grotto 7. (site) across the city.As of now，the project has finished the work in more than 230 grottoes and 62 caves in Dunhuang. People worldwide can 8. (easy) access the images of 30 caves in Dunhuang by 9.__________(visit) the website Digital Dunhuang created by the academy in 2016.The website，which is 10. both Chinese and English，has seen more than 7 million visits. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了敦煌研究院通过先进技术保护莫高窟等文化遗产的情况。 1．答案　which/that 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰a country，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，应该用关系代词which或that引导该从句。故填which/that。 2．答案　advanced 解析　考查词性转换。该空修饰名词technology，应该用形容词形式。故填advanced。 3．答案　have completed 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。so far this year作时间状语，句子用现在完成时；主语experts为复数，助动词用have。故填have completed。 4．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。分析句意可知，该处特指14个洞窟中的壁画，应用定冠词。故填the。 5．答案　director 解析　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，“...of the academy’s cultural relics digitalization institute”是Yu Tianxiu的同位语，是对于俞天秀身份的介绍，所以应用指人的名词director。故填director。 6．答案　to create 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词，结合句意，该空表目的，应用动词不定式。故填to create。 7．答案　sites 解析　考查名词的复数。分析句意可知，此处指敦煌市的其他遗址，应用可数名词site的复数形式。故填sites。 8．答案　easily 解析　考查词性转换。该空修饰动词access，应用副词形式。故填easily。 9．答案　visiting 解析　考查非谓语动词。by意为“通过”，是介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故填visiting。 10．答案　in 解析　考查介词。分析句意可知，空处表示“用某种语言”，应用介词in。故填in。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$