专题02 单项选择之句法篇（天津专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中真题分类汇编

专题02 单项选择之句法篇 考点一：动词的时态语态及主谓一致用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Several new lines are being built now and ______ in the near future. A. are completed B. are being completed C. will complete D. will be completed 3.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）I________ at the photos on the notice board when I heard a voice behind me. A. was looking B. looked C. have looked D. would look 4.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）To my disappointment, the cake ________ by my little brother before I even got home from work. A. was eating B. had eaten C. was being eaten D. had been eaten 5.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）—Have you seen Professor Smith? —He ______ in the lab since yesterday. He doesn’t allow anyone to interrupt him. A. worked B. was working C. has been worked D. has been working 6.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she _________ a class at that time. A. have taught B. will teach C. will be teaching D. is teaching 7. （22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）As everyone knows, oral exams _________ to test our communicative ability. A. are being designed B. designed C. are designed D. to be designed 8. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）In the last few years thousands of films ______ all over the world. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 9.（22-23高二下.天津河西区.期中）The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________around $8450 a year, which ________a burden for some of them. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 10.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Up to now, large quantities of books ________ to the children living in the poor mountain areas. A. has been given B. have been given C. is being given D. are being given 11.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday. A. have been invited B. has been invited C. was invited D. were invited 考点二：从句的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）The extraordinary scientist’s selfless contribution is ___________makes him honourable. A. which B. how C. what D. why 2.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）You'd better note down the inspirational source ____________it is still fresh in your memory. A. before B. while C. until D. unless 3.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）We are now living in a world ______ computers rule our work and daily life, so online searches have already become a must. A. that B. which C. when D. where 4.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）The question is ______ we can make good preparation in such a short time. A. what B. whether C. that D. if 5.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Many countries have a Mother’s Day, ________ they don't always fall on the second Sunday in May. A. when B. though C. as D. once 6.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）____ he had worked out the challenging math problem aroused our curiosity. A. What B. How C. Which D. Where 7.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）I want to put the photo ________ I can see it every day because it can remind me of the happy days ________ I spent in the countryside. A. in which; when B. where; when C. in which; which D. where; which 8.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）Tom’s mother didn’t know _______ Tom was working on with the door closed in his bedroom for two days. A. that B. what C. why D. how 9.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）Students should take part in after-class activities _______ they can gain experience for growth. A. when B. which C. that D. where 10.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）Shennongjia contains a naturally-balanced environment________allows the many and various species to live and prosper. A. that B. what C. where D. when 11.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）This produced a chain reaction, ________made________possible for life to develop. A. what; that B. what; it C. which; that D. which; it 12.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）The greatest mystery is ______ caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. A. that B. what C. which D. who 13.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A. where B. which C. that D. when 14.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）First aid techniques are often simple, ________ can be taught to people of all ages. A. that B. what C. which D. it 15.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）In ancient China lived an artist _________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. A. whose B. that C. which D. whom 16.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）_________ I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. A. What B. While C. How D. Where 17.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）I have no idea _________ has happened recently on my co-worker, so I can’t give the sad girl a suitable comfort. A. that B. which C. what D. why 18. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）Teachers should try to create an atmosphere________students can enjoy learning easily. A. which B. where C. when D. that 19.（22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when 20.（22-23高二下.天津河西区.期中）________made the school proud was ________more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because 21.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Communication technology has entered the 5G era,________will surely bring great changes to our life. A. when B. what C. which D. where 22.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Although Linda may not be a perfectly-behaved girl, her persistence has helped her become ________ she is today. A. what B. which C. that D. where 23.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）You should leave your smartphone behind and just enjoy the get-together ________ you are with your parents and friends. A. whatever B. whoever C. however D. whenever 考点三：情态动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't 2.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）—Where will you start your work after graduation? —Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I _________ continue my study for a higher degree. A. need B. must C. can D. may 3.（22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet. A couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 考点四：非谓语动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）The Japanese author turned to ChatGPT in the process of writing, __________him to win the literary award. A. to enable B. enabling C. enables D. having enabled 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）If you want to have your room ______ extra quickly, please hang the Cleaning Sign on the door. A. cleaned B. to clean C. cleaning D. clean 3.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）All contracts are translated ______ any misunderstanding between the companies. A. avoid B. avoided C. avoiding D. to avoid 4.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）In China, a man from Jiangsu Province ________ from university at the age of 88, ________him the oldest university graduate in the country. A. graduated; making B. graduated; to make C. being graduated; made D. having graduated; made 5.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily. A. To throw B. Throwing C. Thrown D. Being thrown 6.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）Emma’s anxiety drove her to try every means possible to lose weight, ________ dieting and weight-loss pills. A. include B. included C. including D. being included 7.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）The latest survey, ________ by the foreign company, found that more than 12% teenagers want to work as pilots (飞行员). A. to be conducted B. being conducted C. conducted D. having conducted 8.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）“Running Man” is a Chinese reality TV show broadcast on Zhejiang Television, ________85 million viewers every week. A. attract B. attracted C. to attract D. attracting 9.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）________ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said. A. Explaining B. Having explained C. To explain D. Having been explained 10.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ good care of at home. A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken 11. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）_______ his students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A. Kept B. Keeping C. To keep D. Having kept 考点一：动词的时态语态及主谓一致用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）By the time he finished his further study abroad, he __________local accent. A. picked up B. had picked up C. would pick up D. will pick up 2.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）It is reported that more than 70% of water ________ in the past five years. A. was polluted B. were polluted C. have been polluted D. has been polluted 3.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）By the end of last year, more than 10 new hospitals________. A. built B. were built C. have been built D. had been built 4. （23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）Delete the short message at once! Many a man _________by such tricks up to now. A. are taken in B. is taken in C. have been taken in D. has been taken in 5.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）—You seem to be familiar with the school. —I __________ here for three years. It’s great to be back. A. studied B. have studied C. had studied D. study 6.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）— May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o’clock tonight? — I’m sorry. Mr. Smith ________ to a conference before then. A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone 7.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）I haven’t finished my homework yet. I ______ my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday. A. have been helping B. was helping C. had helped D. have helped 考点二：从句的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）More than 17, 000 scientists and researchers took part in the project, 20% ____________were awarded for their remarkable accomplishments. A. of who B. of whom C. to whom D. of which 2.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）Many young people, most _________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 3.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）________many times she was rushed to the ICU, Jane never gave up hope. A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Wherever 4. （23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）It is a well-known fact ________ the faces some people show to the world might be completely different to their real personalities. A. what B. that C. which D. when 5.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）______ theory must be closely connected with practice is a basic rule we should always keep in mind. A. That B. When C. How D. Why 6.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）________late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However 7.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）______ is generally agreed that no one can learn all the knowledge all his life. A. What B. As C. Which D. It 8.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）______ is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. A. As B. Which C. It D. What 9.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Life is full of ups and downs. As we grow, we come to understand the fact that sometimes ________hard we try, things may not turn out as expected. A. although B. however C. as D. though 10.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）. I think ______Aesop’s Fables suggests is ______ when you offer a good turn to another human being, you can hope that good deed will come back. A. which; that B. that; that C. what; that D. that; what 考点三：情态动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）Susan's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ____________be particularly costly. A. can B. mustn't C. can't D. must 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him. —His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 3.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）You ______ have blamed him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. should 4.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Imitating others’ actions in TikTok ______be very dangerous, so you ______be too careful. A. should; oughtn’t to B. can; can’t C. might; mustn’t D. could; shouldn’t 考点四：非谓语动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）Always ___________for granted, our parents’ love for us is actually the most precious gift. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. being taken 2.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）________ to as much traditional art as possible, the kids will have a good understanding of Chinese culture. A. Exposing B. To expose C. Exposed D. Having exposed 3.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）________ his life to the realization of social equality, the former President Nelson Mandela set a good example for all of us. A. Having devoted B. Devoted C. To be devoted D. Being devoted 4.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）There are many cases ______students fail to write a good essay ______the words and expressions they’ve already learned. A. which; composed of B. where; consisting of C. what; comprised of D. where; consisted of 5.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Laura pretends ______carefully, but in fact she is thinking about the coming holiday. A. to listen B. to have listened C. to be listening D. listening 6.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）With everything he had ________, he had nothing to support his life. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 7.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）—What made your companion look that astonished? —________ of stealing by his good friend. A. Accused B. Being accused C. Accusing D. To accuse 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 单项选择之句法篇 考点一：动词的时态语态及主谓一致用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard…as…“把……看作……”和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D。再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。 【点睛】本题考查方向涉及到动词的语态和主谓一致，首先要把握句意，判断主谓之间是主动还是被动关系，再者就是考查学生的考虑是否全面，即加之判断谓语动词的单复数，考查了学生对主谓一致中就前一致的把握。 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Several new lines are being built now and ______ in the near future. A. are completed B. are being completed C. will complete D. will be completed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：几条新线路正在建设中，在不久的将来将会完工。根据时间状语“in the near future(在不久的将来)”可知，使用一般将来时，且主语“lines”与谓语动词“complete”之间是被动关系，使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选 D。 3.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）I________ at the photos on the notice board when I heard a voice behind me. A. was looking B. looked C. have looked D. would look 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：我正在看布告栏上的照片，突然听到身后有个声音。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定句型“be doing sth. when...”，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一件事”，根据句中“heard”可知，“when”引导从句为一般过去时，故主句应用过去进行时，“I”与“was”连用，“look”的现在分词为“looking”，故空格处应填“was looking”。故选A项。 4.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）To my disappointment, the cake ________ by my little brother before I even got home from work. A. was eating B. had eaten C. was being eaten D. had been eaten 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：令我失望的是，在我下班回家之前，蛋糕已经被我的小弟弟吃掉了。根据before引导的时间状语从句，可知，eat这一动作发生在got home之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，且主语cake与eat是被动关系，用被动语态。故选D。 5.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）—Have you seen Professor Smith? —He ______ in the lab since yesterday. He doesn’t allow anyone to interrupt him. A. worked B. was working C. has been worked D. has been working 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你见过史密斯教授吗？——他从昨天起就一直在实验室工作。他不允许任何人打扰他。根据“since yesterday”和“He doesn’t allow anyone to interrupt him.”可知，work“工作”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并将继续持续下去，由此可知，句子应用现在完成进行时，结构为have/has been doing，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以助动词用has。故选D项。 6.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she _________ a class at that time. A. have taught B. will teach C. will be teaching D. is teaching 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：简不能参加今天下午3点的会议，因为那时她正在教一门课。分析句子结构，根据是状语at 3 o’clock this afternoon，可知需用将来时，在根据at that time可知需用进行时，所以应该用将来进行时。故选C项。 7. （22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）As everyone knows, oral exams _________ to test our communicative ability. A. are being designed B. designed C. are designed D. to be designed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：众所周知，设计口语考试是为了测试我们的交际能力。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语部分，主语为复数，与动词design之间存在被动关系，普遍事实用一般现在时，故选C。 8. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）In the last few years thousands of films ______ all over the world. A. have produced B. have been produced C. are producing D. are being produced 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几年里，世界各地制作了成千上万部电影。in the last +时间段，应用现在完成时态。film和 produce是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。 9.（22-23高二下.天津河西区.期中）The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________around $8450 a year, which ________a burden for some of them. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：该大学估计，国际学生每年的生活费约为8450美元，这对其中一些人来说是一种负担。分析句子结构，这是一个包含宾语从句和定语从句的复合句，宾语从句在动词estimates后面作主句的宾语，定语从句为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一整句话表达的内容，两个空白处均需填系动词，宾语从句的主语为复数名词expenses，所以系动词与主语保持一致，使用复数形式；定语从句的主语为句子的主句，根据主谓一致的用法，当单个句子作主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数，因整个句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，所以第一个答题空填are；第二个答题空填is，故选A项。 10.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Up to now, large quantities of books ________ to the children living in the poor mountain areas. A. has been given B. have been given C. is being given D. are being given 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大量的食物已经分发给了受可怕地震影响的人们。根据上文Up to now可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为large quantities of books，助动词用have。故选B。 11.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday. A. have been invited B. has been invited C. was invited D. were invited 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：上周六，这位著名的导演及该电影的主要演员被邀请去参加电视节目和观众面对面会谈。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“last Saturday”，用一般过去时。主语是“The famous director”，遵循就远一致的原则，“as well as the main actors”不影响谓语动词的选择，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，主语“The famous director”和“invite”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C项。 考点二：从句的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）The extraordinary scientist’s selfless contribution is ___________makes him honourable. A. which B. how C. what D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这位杰出的科学家无私的贡献使他备受尊敬。设空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，填连接代词what，故选C项。 2.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）You'd better note down the inspirational source ____________it is still fresh in your memory. A. before B. while C. until D. unless 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的引导词辨析。句意：你最好在记忆还新鲜的时候记下灵感的来源。A. before在……之前；B. while当……；C. until直到……；D. unless除非。根据句意，当灵感还记在脑子里，就应该记下来，两个动作是同时发生的，故选B项。 3.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）We are now living in a world ______ computers rule our work and daily life, so online searches have already become a must. A. that B. which C. when D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我们现在生活在一个计算机统治我们工作和日常生活的世界，因此在线搜索已经成为必须的。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词world，且在从句中作状语，用关系副词where符合题意。故选D。 4.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）The question is ______ we can make good preparation in such a short time. A. what B. whether C. that D. if 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：问题是我们是否能在如此短的时间内做好充分的准备。分析句子结构，此处引导的是表语从句，从句中缺少“是否”的含义，且位于介词is后面，只能用whether。故选B项。 5.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）Many countries have a Mother’s Day, ________ they don't always fall on the second Sunday in May. A. when B. though C. as D. once 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：许多国家都有母亲节，尽管它们并不总是在五月的第二个星期天。A. when当……时候；B. though尽管；C. as正如，当……时候；D. once一……就……。本句为让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用though引导。故选B。 6.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）____ he had worked out the challenging math problem aroused our curiosity. A. What B. How C. Which D. Where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他如何解出这道具有挑战性的数学题引起了我们的好奇心。分析句子可知，此处为主语从句，该主语从句的主语是he，谓语是had worked out，宾语是the challenging math problem，故空格处应填入连接副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“他如何解出这道具有挑战性的数学题”。故用how。故选B。 7.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）I want to put the photo ________ I can see it every day because it can remind me of the happy days ________ I spent in the countryside. A. in which; when B. where; when C. in which; which D. where; which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查地点状语从句和定语从句。句意：我想把这张照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，因为它能让我想起我在农村度过的快乐时光。分析句子结构及句意可知空①为地点状语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where；空②为定语从句，先行词为days，先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which/that ，所以空① 应填where，空② 应填which。故选D项。 8.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）Tom’s mother didn’t know _______ Tom was working on with the door closed in his bedroom for two days. A. that B. what C. why D. how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：汤姆的妈妈不知道汤姆在他的卧室里关着门工作了两天。空处引导宾语从句，应该选择what作working on的宾语。故选B。 9.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）Students should take part in after-class activities _______ they can gain experience for growth. A. when B. which C. that D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学生应该参加课外活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词activities“活动”在从句中作地点状语成分。故选D项。 10.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）Shennongjia contains a naturally-balanced environment________allows the many and various species to live and prosper. A. that B. what C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：神农架拥有一个自然平衡的环境，使许多不同的物种得以生存和繁荣。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为environment，指代事物，可用关系代词which或that引导，在从句中作主语。故选A。 11.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）This produced a chain reaction, ________made________possible for life to develop. A. what; that B. what; it C. which; that D. which; it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和代词。句意：这产生了连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。分析句子结构可知，一空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，作主语，用which引导，二空处为固定短语：make it possible for sb. to do sth.意为“使某人做…成为可能”，所以空处填it作形式宾语。故选D项。 12.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）The greatest mystery is ______ caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities. A. that B. what C. which D. who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最大的谜团是是什么导致玛雅人放弃了他们大部分的大城市。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故选B。 13.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. A. where B. which C. that D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。 14.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）First aid techniques are often simple, ________ can be taught to people of all ages. A. that B. what C. which D. it 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：急救技术通常很简单，所有年龄段的人都能学会。分析句子结构可知，这里为非限定性定语从句。句中先行词为First aid techniques ，在非限定性定语句作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故选C。 15.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）In ancient China lived an artist _________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. A. whose B. that C. which D. whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位艺术家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。这位艺术家的声誉使他感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知，空格部分为关系代词引导定语从句修饰前面的先行词artist，其与painting之间存在所属关系，应使用关系代词whose，故选A。 16.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）_________ I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you. A. What B. While C. How D. Where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然我明白你说的话，但我不能同意你的意见。根据句意可知，此处表示“尽管”，应用while引导让步状语从句，故选B。 17.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）I have no idea _________ has happened recently on my co-worker, so I can’t give the sad girl a suitable comfort. A. that B. which C. what D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我的同事最近发生了什么事，所以我不能给这个悲伤的女孩恰当的安慰。“ _________ has happened recently on my co-worker,”为同位语从句，用来解释说明名词idea的，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事”，应用连接代词what来引导，故选C。 18. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）Teachers should try to create an atmosphere________students can enjoy learning easily. A. which B. where C. when D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老师应该努力营造一个学生可以轻松享受学习的氛围。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词atmosphere指物，关系词代替它在从句中作抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选B。 19.（22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）It doesn’t matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。 句意：在十字路口，你是向右拐还是向左拐都没有关系——两条路都到公园。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，it做形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，缺少“是否”的意思，并且后面由or，一般和whether连用，故选A。 20.（22-23高二下.天津河西区.期中）________made the school proud was ________more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：让学校感到骄傲的是，超过90%的学生被重点大学录取。分析句子结构，这是个包含主语从句和表语从句的复合句，第一个空白处在主语从句中作主语指内容，使用连接代词what连接主语从句；第二个空白处在表语从句中不做成分，使用连接代词that连接表语从句，故第一个空白处填what，第二个空白处填that，故选B项。 21.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Communication technology has entered the 5G era,________will surely bring great changes to our life. A. when B. what C. which D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：通信技术已经进入了5G时代，这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故选C。 22.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）Although Linda may not be a perfectly-behaved girl, her persistence has helped her become ________ she is today. A. what B. which C. that D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：虽然琳达可能不是一个行为完美的女孩，但她的坚持帮助她成为了今天的她。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句，且在从句中作表语，表示成为今天的那个人，所以应用what。故选A。 23.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）You should leave your smartphone behind and just enjoy the get-together ________ you are with your parents and friends. A. whatever B. whoever C. however D. whenever 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：每当你与父母和朋友在一起时，你都应该丢下你的智能手机，享受聚会。A. whatever无论什么；B. whoever无论谁；C. however不管怎样；D. whenever无论何时，每当。分析句子结构并根据句意，这里强调的是每当与父母和朋友在一起的情况，应用whenever引导时间状语从句。故选D。 考点三：情态动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。 2.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）—Where will you start your work after graduation? —Mum, it’s not been decided yet. I _________ continue my study for a higher degree. A. need B. must C. can D. may 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——毕业后你将从哪里开始工作？——妈妈，还没有决定。我可能继续攻读更高的学位。A.need需要；B. must必须；C. can能够；D. may可能、也许。根据“ it’s not been decided yet. ”可知，此处表达的是不那么确定的“也许、可能”之意，故选D项。 3.（22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）It’s quite warm here; we __________turn the heating on yet. A couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. wouldn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【分析】考查情态动词。句意：今天很暖和，我们不需要开暖气。couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；wouldn’t不会。根据上文“这里相当暖和”可以推知下文应该是：我们没必要开暖气。故选C。 考点四：非谓语动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）The Japanese author turned to ChatGPT in the process of writing, __________him to win the literary award. A. to enable B. enabling C. enables D. having enabled 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：日本作家在写作过程中求助于ChatGPT，这帮助他赢得了文学奖项。句子已经存在谓语turned to，且句中无连词，所以选项的enable只能作非谓语。此处表示一种自然而然的结果，且不强调动作的先后，用现在分词的一般式作结果状语，故选B项。 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）If you want to have your room ______ extra quickly, please hang the Cleaning Sign on the door. A. cleaned B. to clean C. cleaning D. clean 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果您想尽快打扫房间，请在门上挂上清洁标志。此处为have+宾语+宾补结构，且clean与room为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选A。 3.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）All contracts are translated ______ any misunderstanding between the companies. A. avoid B. avoided C. avoiding D. to avoid 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的合同都被翻译了，以避免公司之间的误解。分析句子可知，空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，应使用动词不定式。故选D。 4.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）In China, a man from Jiangsu Province ________ from university at the age of 88, ________him the oldest university graduate in the country. A. graduated; making B. graduated; to make C. being graduated; made D. having graduated; made 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词和非谓语动词。句意：在中国，江苏一名男子以88岁高龄从大学毕业，成为中国年龄最大的大学毕业生。分析句子结构可知，第一空为句中谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。第二空为非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词作状语。故选A。 5.（23-24高二下.天津部分区.期中）________ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team shouted happily. A. To throw B. Throwing C. Thrown D. Being thrown 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：获胜队的球迷们把帽子抛向空中，高声欢呼。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shouted，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词throw与主句主语the fans之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故选B。 6.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）Emma’s anxiety drove her to try every means possible to lose weight, ________ dieting and weight-loss pills. A. include B. included C. including D. being included 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Emma的焦虑驱使她想尽一切办法减肥，包括节食和吃减肥药。空处为非谓语，动词include和前文means之间是主动关系，用其现在分词作后置定语，including已转化为介词。故选C。 7.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）The latest survey, ________ by the foreign company, found that more than 12% teenagers want to work as pilots (飞行员). A. to be conducted B. being conducted C. conducted D. having conducted 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家外国公司进行的最新调查发现，超过12%的青少年想当飞行员。A. to be conducted动词conduct不定式的被动形式；B. being conducted动词conduct动名词的被动形式；C. conducted动词conduct的过去分词；D. having conducted动词conduct现在分词的完成式。句子分析可知，设空处在句中作非谓语动词，动词conduct(实施；进行)与句子主语The latest survey之间为逻辑上的被动关系，设空处应填过去分词conducted。故选C项。 8.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）“Running Man” is a Chinese reality TV show broadcast on Zhejiang Television, ________85 million viewers every week. A. attract B. attracted C. to attract D. attracting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《奔跑吧兄弟》是浙江卫视播出的一档中国真人秀节目，每周吸引8500万观众。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语“Running Man” 与attract之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选D。 9.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）________ it many times, I still can’t make Tom understand what I said. A. Explaining B. Having explained C. To explain D. Having been explained 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意： 尽管我已经解释过很多次了，我还是不能让Tom明白我说的话。explain“解释”和主语I之间为逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式，作状语；由逻辑关系：先解释后明白，应使用到现在分词的完成式形式。故选B项。 10.（22-23高二下.天津部分区.期中）Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ good care of at home. A. taking B. taken C. take D. be taken 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在非洲医疗援助两年回来后，李医生很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mother和take care of是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B。 11. （22-23高二下.天津第三中学.期中）_______ his students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball. A. Kept B. Keeping C. To keep D. Having kept 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：为了让他的学生在雨天从事一项室内运动，James Naismith发明了篮球。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故选C。 考点一：动词的时态语态及主谓一致用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）By the time he finished his further study abroad, he __________local accent. A. picked up B. had picked up C. would pick up D. will pick up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：他在国外完成深造时，已经学会了当地口音。根据“By the time he finished his further study abroad”可知，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选B。 2.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）It is reported that more than 70% of water ________ in the past five years. A. was polluted B. were polluted C. have been polluted D. has been polluted 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，在过去的五年里，超过70%的水被污染了。主语more than 70% of water与谓语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，根据后文in the past five years可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，助动词用has。故选D。 3.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）By the end of last year, more than 10 new hospitals________. A. built B. were built C. have been built D. had been built 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：截至去年年底，已经新建了10多所医院。动词build和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语By the end of last year可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。 4. （23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）Delete the short message at once! Many a man _________by such tricks up to now. A. are taken in B. is taken in C. have been taken in D. has been taken in 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：马上删掉短信。到目前为主，很多人被这样的诡计所欺骗。根据时间状语“up to now”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且many a man与take in之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动，且many a+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。 5.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）—You seem to be familiar with the school. —I __________ here for three years. It’s great to be back. A. studied B. have studied C. had studied D. study 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——你似乎对这所学校很熟悉。——我在这里学习了三年。回来真好。根据 It’s great to be back可知，我曾经在这学习过，现在回来了，表示过去发生的事，应用一般现在时。故选A项。 6.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）— May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o’clock tonight? — I’m sorry. Mr. Smith ________ to a conference before then. A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gone 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——今晚6点我可以和你们经理史密斯先生讲话吗？——对不起。史密斯先生在那之前已经去开会了。分析句子可知，由前一句的at six o’clock tonight时间状语可知，此处应为表示将来时的动作，结合该句中的before then“在那之前”可知，此处动词应发生在speak之前，表示完成了的动作，所以此处应为将来完成时。故选A项。 7.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）I haven’t finished my homework yet. I ______ my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday. A. have been helping B. was helping C. had helped D. have helped 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我还没有完成我的家庭作业。我昨天一整天都在厨房帮我妈妈。根据时间状语“all day yesterday”可知，表示过去的一段时间内正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时态。故选B。 考点二：从句的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）More than 17, 000 scientists and researchers took part in the project, 20% ____________were awarded for their remarkable accomplishments. A. of who B. of whom C. to whom D. of which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：超过17,000名科学家和研究人员参与了这个项目，其中20%的人因其杰出成就而获得了奖励。设空处单词引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientists，结合空格前20%可知，该定语从句由“分数+of+which/whom”引导，先行词指人，用关系代词whom，作宾语。故选B项。 2.（23-24高二下.天津塘沽一中.期中）Many young people, most _________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐梦想。本题中含有一个定语从句，先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故C项正确。 3.（23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）________many times she was rushed to the ICU, Jane never gave up hope. A. Whatever B. However C. Whichever D. Wherever 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论她被紧急送往重症监护室多少次，简从未放弃希望。A. Whatever无论什么；B. However无论怎样，无论多少；C. Whichever无论哪个；D. Wherever无论哪里。根据后文many times she was rushed to the ICU等内容可知，此处指无论她被送往ICU多少次。故选B。 4. （23-24高二下.天津河北区.期中）It is a well-known fact ________ the faces some people show to the world might be completely different to their real personalities. A. what B. that C. which D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：众所周知，有些人向世界展示的面孔可能与他们的真实个性完全不同。说明fact的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故选B。 5.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）______ theory must be closely connected with practice is a basic rule we should always keep in mind. A. That B. When C. How D. Why 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：理论必须同实践相联系，这是我们应当始终牢记的一条基本原则。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，系动词is前面的主语为整个句子，所以______ theory must be closely connected with practice是一个主语从句；分析主语从句句子成分可知，从句不缺成分不缺意思，所以要用that引导。故选A项。 6.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）________late he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管他多晚，他妈妈都会等他一起吃饭。A. Whatever无论什么；B. Whenever无论什么时候；C. Wherever无论哪里；D. However不管多么。根据“his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.”可知，无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈都会等他一起吃饭。故选D。 7.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）______ is generally agreed that no one can learn all the knowledge all his life. A. What B. As C. Which D. It 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查It作形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为，没有人可以一辈子学到所有的知识。分析句子可知，that后接主语从句，是本句真正的主语，所以空处需填形式主语It。故选D项。 8.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）______ is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. A. As B. Which C. It D. What 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，火药是中国人首先发明的。根据that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese“火药是中国人首先发明的”可知，that引导的从句作主句真正的主语，句首用It作形式主语。故选C。 9.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Life is full of ups and downs. As we grow, we come to understand the fact that sometimes ________hard we try, things may not turn out as expected. A. although B. however C. as D. though 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：人生充满了起起落落。随着我们的成长，我们开始明白这样一个事实：有时无论我们多么努力，事情可能并不像我们预期的那样。A. although尽管；B. however无论怎样；C. as因为；D. though尽管。分析句子可知，此处为连词however表示“无论怎样……”，引导让步状语从句，其词序为however +副词＋主语＋谓语的固定结构，满足句意要求。故选B项。 10.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）. I think ______Aesop’s Fables suggests is ______ when you offer a good turn to another human being, you can hope that good deed will come back. A. which; that B. that; that C. what; that D. that; what 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：我认为《伊索寓言》所暗示的是，当你为另一个人做好事时，你可以希望善举会得到回报。连接代词what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的人/事/物/话/地方”；连词that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作成分，无实义。分析句子可知，“______Aesop’s Fables suggests is ______ when you offer a good turn to another human being, you can hope that good deed will come back.”是省略that的宾语从句；“______Aesop’s Fables suggests”作该宾语从句的主语，是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导该从句；“______ when you offer a good turn to another human being, you can hope that good deed will come back.”作该宾语从句的表语，是表语从句，在从句中不缺成分，用连词that引导该从句。故选C项。 考点三：情态动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）Susan's parents have bought a large house with a swimming pool. It ____________be particularly costly. A. can B. mustn't C. can't D. must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：苏珊的父母买了一座带有游泳池的大房子，这一定特别昂贵。A. can可以；B. mustn't 禁止；C. can't不能；D. must一定。根据句意，苏珊的父母买了一座带有游泳池的大房子，这样的房子一定特别昂贵，所以用must表示推测，表示“一定”。故选D。 2.（23-24高二下.天津北辰区.期中）—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him. —His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far. A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。 3.（23-24高二下.天津大学附属中学.期中）You ______ have blamed him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. should 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不应该因为他的糟糕表现而责备他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。A. needn’t不必；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. mustn’t不允许；D. should应该。根据“After all, he had done his best.”可知，他已经尽力了，不应该责备他。故选B。 4.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Imitating others’ actions in TikTok ______be very dangerous, so you ______be too careful. A. should; oughtn’t to B. can; can’t C. might; mustn’t D. could; shouldn’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在TikTok上模仿别人的行为可能非常危险，所以你再小心也不为过。根据句意，“be very dangerous”是一种推测，用情态动词can表示“可能”，表推测；因为可能非常危险，所以要非常小心，can’t be too careful意为“再小心也不为过；越小心越好”，用否定的形式表达肯定的意思。故选B项。 考点四：非谓语动词的用法 1.（23-24高二下.天津重点校联考.期中）Always ___________for granted, our parents’ love for us is actually the most precious gift. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. being taken 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总是被视为理所当然，我们父母的爱实际上是最珍贵的礼物。句子已经存在谓语（系动词）is，所以选项中的take只能作非谓语。它和逻辑主语love之间呈被动关系，所以应该使用过去分词，故选B。 2.（23-24高二下.天津红桥区.期中）________ to as much traditional art as possible, the kids will have a good understanding of Chinese culture. A. Exposing B. To expose C. Exposed D. Having exposed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽可能多地接触传统艺术，孩子们将对中国文化有一个很好的了解。本句已有谓语动词will have，所以expose用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语the kids之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填C项。 3.（23-24高二下.天津南开中学.期中）________ his life to the realization of social equality, the former President Nelson Mandela set a good example for all of us. A. Having devoted B. Devoted C. To be devoted D. Being devoted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尼尔森·曼德拉前总统一生致力于实现社会平等，为我们大家树立了一个好榜样。分析句子可知，“devote his life to the realization of social equality”作状语，devote（献身；致力）是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the former President Nelson Mandela之间是主动关系，且“致力于实现社会平等”发生在“树立了一个好榜样”之前，应用现在分词的完成式表主动和完成。故选A项。 4.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）There are many cases ______students fail to write a good essay ______the words and expressions they’ve already learned. A. which; composed of B. where; consisting of C. what; comprised of D. where; consisted of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：在很多情况下，学生不能写出一篇由他们已经学过单词和表达组成的好文章。分析句子可知，“____students fail to write a good essay____the words and expressions they’ve already learned.”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cases，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，是“模糊地点”，意为“在这些情况下”，应用关系副词where引导该定语从句；在定语从句中，“consist of the words and expressions they’ve already learned.”修饰名词a good essay，作后置定语，consist of“由……组成”是非谓语动词，动词短语consist of无被语态，用作非谓语动词时用现在分词形式consisting of。故选B项。 5.（22-23高二下.天津第一中学.期中）Laura pretends ______carefully, but in fact she is thinking about the coming holiday. A. to listen B. to have listened C. to be listening D. listening 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：劳拉假装在认真听，但实际上她在想即将到来的假期。pretend to do...是固定搭配，跟不定式作宾语；结合句意和句中“she is thinking about...”可知，“假装在认真听”是同时发生的事情，应用不定式的进行式to be listening作宾语，pretend to be listening表示“假装正在认真听”。故选C项。 6.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）With everything he had ________, he had nothing to support his life. A. go B. to go C. going D. gone 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查with复合结构和形容词作宾补。句意：他失去了所拥有的一切，没有什么可以支撑他的生活。A. go走，为不及物动词；B. to go为不定式；C. going为现在分词和动名词形式；D. gone不在了，为形容词，也是go的过去分词形式。分析句子结构，这里是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构，空处作宾补，表示他所拥有的一切都不在了，应用形容词gone。故选D。 7.（22-23高二下.天津第四十七中.期中）—What made your companion look that astonished? —________ of stealing by his good friend. A. Accused B. Being accused C. Accusing D. To accuse 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——是什么让你的同伴看起来那么惊讶？——被他的好朋友指控偷窃。分析句子结构，答句补充完整应为：________ of stealing by his good friend made my companion look that astonished.这里省略了和前句相同的部分，由此可知，这里应用动名词，作主语。accuse和companion之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用动名词的被动形式。故选B。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$