Unit 7 培优提能练(1)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（北师大版2019）

培优提能练(一)　[分值：62.5分] 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A A selection of wildlife sculptures made out of recycled rubbish is being displayed at an exhibition at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow，the UK.The sculptures have been created by Glasgow-based artist Michelle Reader，who has been working with recycled materials for over 20 years.The inspiration behind this collection of artwork was the increase in fly-tipping.Fly-tipping is when people illegally dump rubbish or litter in a public place. Reader told the BBC，“Glasgow Wildlife Trust showed me some of the materials that were found on their reserves—a washing machine，rusty bike frame，car tyres.” She decided to create wildlife sculptures out of these materials to encourage people to think about the damage fly-tipping can do to the environment and wildlife.Her three-dimensional artworks included recycled items such as skis，a gas mask，and washing machine parts. Reader often drew inspiration from the “beauty of the natural world”，and said that the large model of the white-tailed bee was inspired by the many hours she spent on her distribution.Another sculpture，of a bearded eagle，was inspired by the sighting of one such bird in the Peak District in July 2020.This was only the second time it had been spotted in the UK. Other projects Reader has been involved with have highlighted issues such as the importance of recycling and reducing food waste.In April，the National Space Centre in Leicester，England，launched their Home Planet gallery，which featured an art installation from Reader.Using rubbish found in rivers，such as plastic bottles，tennis balls，footwear，and toys，Reader created a large wave of sculpture to highlight the problem of littering. Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way.The exhibition is on at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow，the UK，until 24 July. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑在英国格拉斯哥的哈雷美术馆展出。 1．What inspired the exhibition at the Harley Gallery? A．Recycled materials. B．The climate issue. C．Wildlife sculptures. D．The increasing fly-tipping. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句可知，越来越多的非法倾倒垃圾启发了哈雷美术馆的这一场展览。故选D。 2．Why does Reader create the wildlife sculptures? A．To be environmentally-friendly. B．To protect wildlife animals. C．To love the sculpture art. D．To improve creative ability. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及最后一段第一句可知，Reader利用回收垃圾创作这些野生动物雕塑是为了环保。故选A。 3．Where does this passage probably come from? A．A family survey. B．A health magazine. C．An environmental magazine. D．A science guide. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了出于环保目的而举办的一次展览，由此可推知，文章可能选自环境杂志。故选C。 4．What may be the best title for the passage? A．Look at the Art from Another Angle B．Explore the Artistic Talents in Your Life C．Wildlife Sculptures Made from Rubbish D．A New Way to Live a Sustainable Life 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了一组由回收垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑展览，所以C选项“垃圾制成的野生动物雕塑”最适合作文章标题。故选C。 B A broken heart.A sad ending to a love affair.That’s something most of us have experienced.After all，it’s part of human life.But no question，the experience can be destructive. However，research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again.It can activate(激活) empathy(共鸣) and the desire to connect with others—both ways through the prison of heartache and despair. Sad music can help heal and improve your condition from your broken heart.A recent study from Germany found the emotional impact of listening to sad music can activate feelings of empathy，sympathy，and a desire for positive connection with others.That，itself，is psychologically healing.It draws you away from the loss of yourself，and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort. Another experiment，from the University of Kent，found that when people were experiencing sadness，listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” strengthened their mood.In fact，it did so when the person first consciously had their awareness of the situation causing their sadness，and then began listening to the sad music.That is，when they intended that the sad music might help，they found that it did. These findings link with other studies that show facing your sad situation emotionally—accepting reality as it is—leads to healing and growth beyond it.In short，admitting your full experience arouses hope.For example，research from Cornell University，found that admitting discomfort about a life experience or new situation，and viewing it as a step towards growth and change，leads to motivation to find a pathway through it，beyond it.As Churchill famously said，“If you’re going through hell，keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It fuels hope. 5．What is the function of paragraph 1? A．Telling a sad experience. B．Expressing the insight into life. C．Leading in the topic. D．Arousing reader’s sympathy. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。通读文章可知，第一段通过描述大多数人在生活中会遇到的感情创伤来引出话题，下文就怎样治愈这种创伤给出了方法。故选C。 6．What can we learn from the study from Germany? A．Listening to sad music can cure people of heartache. B．Realizing their sadness，people may willingly listen to sad music. C．Embracing sadness，people can have a better future. D．Listening to sad music can motivate people to connect with others. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，德国最近的一项研究表明，听悲伤的音乐可以激励人们与他人建立联系。故选D。 7．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 5 possibly mean? A．Walk alongside discomfort. B．Sadness stops you from growing. C．Say no to things that challenge you. D．Difficulties will not always stay with you. 答案　A 解析　句意理解题。根据最后一段画线句后面“That discomfort points you towards creating a plan，a new action.It fuels hope.”可知，画线部分“If you’re going through hell，keep going.”意为“你要与不适同行”。故选A。 8．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Listening to Music Makes You Happy B．Facing Sadness Bravely Brings About Hope C．Sad Music Can Help People Through D．Music Helps People Accept Sad Reality 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其第二段中的“However，research shows there are pathways through the heartache.Listening to sad music is a major one.”可知，文章主要介绍了听悲伤的音乐有助于人们治愈坏心情。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Wetlands，making up about 6% of Earth’s land surface，are found on every continent except for Antarctica. 1 Protecting against floods. 2 The plants and soil in wetlands act as natural sponges(海绵)，storing excess water during heavy rainfall or storms.Thus，wetlands can reduce the risk of flooding in surrounding areas. Purifying(净化) water.Wetlands have exceptional abilities to purify water.Acting as natural filters，the plants，soil and micro creatures in wetlands remove sediments，excess nutrients and pollutants from water sources. 3 And the water can be suitable for various uses such as drinking，irrigation and supporting aquatic life.Wetlands are particularly effective in removing harmful chemicals，heavy metals and excessive nitrogen and phosphorus(磷)，which can otherwise cause water pollution. 4 Wetlands are incredibly productive ecosystems，providing habitats for a diverse range of plant and animal species.The complex and dynamic wetland environments support a lot of amphibians，birds，fish，mammals，reptiles and invertebrates.Many of these species are dependent on wetlands for survival，using them as breeding grounds，feeding areas and nurseries.Wetlands also serve as important stopover sites for migratory birds，offering them crucial resting and feeding areas during their long journeys. Fighting climate change.Aside from these vital functions，wetlands also play a significant role in fighting climate change. 5 They act as carbon(碳) sinks，absorbing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere，thus mitigating the greenhouse effect and reducing the impacts of climate change.Moreover，wetlands help regulate local and regional climates by influencing the temperature，humidity and rainfall patterns.They act as natural cooling systems，reducing heat island effects and moderating the local temperature. However，the world’s wetlands are being lost at an alarming rate.Restoration and conservation projects offer hope that these ecosystems can be saved. A．Supporting life. B．Protecting birds. C．This process helps to improve water quality. D．The water stored in wetlands can be drunk. E．Wetland plants have remarkable carbon storage capabilities. F．Wetlands play an important role despite their small coverage. G．Wetlands play a crucial role in protecting against floods. 1．答案　F 解析　根据上文“Wetlands，making up about 6% of Earth’s land surface，are found on every continent except for Antarctica.”及下文对湿地作用的介绍可知，虽然湿地覆盖面积小，但是也有很重要的作用。由此可知，F项能够承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 2．答案　G 解析　根据上文“Protecting against floods.”以及下文“Thus，wetlands can reduce the risk of flooding in surrounding areas.”可知，湿地能防止洪水泛滥，可以减少周围地区遭受洪水的风险。由此可知，湿地在阻止洪水方面起着至关重要的作用。G项能够承接上下文，符合语境。故选G。 3．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Purifying(净化) water.Wetlands have exceptional abilities to purify water.Acting as natural filters，the plants，soil and micro creatures in wetlands remove sediments，excess nutrients and pollutants from water sources.”可知，湿地有特殊的净化水的能力，能够改善水质。由此可知，C项能够承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 4．答案　A 解析　根据下文“Wetlands are incredibly productive ecosystems，providing habitats for a diverse range of plant and animal species.”可知，湿地为各种动植物物种提供栖息地，能够支持生命。由此可知，A项适合作本段主题句，符合语境。故选A。 5．答案　E 解析　根据下文“They act as carbon(碳) sinks，absorbing and storing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere，thus mitigating the greenhouse effect and reducing the impacts of climate change.”可知，湿地具有碳存储能力。由此可知，E项能够引起下文，符合语境。故选E。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Despite their lack of long-time attention，children do hear the words and watch the actions of the adults around them.In other words，adults are major 1 on children.For one elderly woman，thankfully，this is the case. It was a mid-January afternoon and school was over.As usual,70-year-old Patricia 2 her grandchild,7-year-old Mariah，from school. However，when they arrived at Mariah’s home，things took a terrible 3 .Once the car was in the driveway，Patricia 4 it.Patricia thought the car was in park but it was actually in reverse(倒挡)．The car then continued to roll 5 .Patricia attempted 6 to stop it.However，she fell and her leg got 7 under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side. Mariah，who was still in the car at the time，sprang into 8 .She quickly 9 the key out after watching her mother and other adults often do so.What Mariah did successfully stopped the car from moving further. The next moment，Mariah 10 up to her house and rang the doorbell 11 .Mariah’s mother，Porchia，was shocked at the 12 and called 911 immediately.It was Mariah’s 13 move that allowed her grandma to free her leg from under the car.Fortunately，Patricia was not seriously 14 .Days after the 15 incident，Patricia recovered and left the hospital. 语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奶奶帕特丽夏在阻止汽车倒退的过程中摔倒，她的腿卡在了轮胎下，而7岁的玛丽亚学着大人的样子迅速拔下车钥匙，成功停下车子，然后跑回家向妈妈求助，帕特丽夏得以及时脱险。 1．A.challenges B．influences C．comments D．concerns 答案　B 解析　challenge挑战；influence有影响的人(或事物)；comment评论；concern关注。根据上文“children do hear the words and watch the actions of the adults around them”可知，孩子们会观察成年人的言行，所以成年人是孩子的主要影响人。故选B。 2．A.picked up B．looked after C．helped out D．sent for 答案　A 解析　pick up(开车)接人；look after照顾；help out帮助；send for派人去请。根据上文“It was a mid-January afternoon and school was over.”以及本句中的“7-year-old Mariah”可知，放学以后，帕特丽夏开车去接玛丽亚，故选A。 3．A.chance B．start C．effect D．turn 答案　D 解析　chance机会；start开始；effect效果；turn拐弯，变化。根据下文“However，she fell and her leg got under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side.”可知发生了不好的事情。take a terrible turn意为“发生可怕的转折”。故选D。 4．A.locked B．adjusted C．exited D．approached 答案　C 解析　lock锁；adjust调整；exit退出；approach接近。根据下文“Patricia attempted to stop it.However，she fell and her leg got under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side.”可知，帕特丽夏此刻下了车。故选C。 5．A.outside B．backward C．sideways D．around 答案　B 解析　outside在外面；backward向后；sideways往(或向、从)一侧；around周围。根据常识及上文“Patricia thought the car was in park but it was actually in reverse(倒挡)．”可知，在倒挡状态下车子会往后退。故选B。 6．A.in panic B．with care C．by accident D．on purpose 答案　A 解析　in panic惊慌失措地；with care小心地；by accident意外地；on purpose故意地。根据上下文可知，帕特丽夏想阻止车往后退，却不小心摔倒了，说明当时她处于恐慌中，故选A。 7．A.broken B．lost C．stuck D．separated 答案　C 解析　broken破碎的；lost丢失的；stuck卡住的；separated分离的。根据句中的“she fell”可知，帕特丽夏想阻止车辆后退，却摔倒了，所以腿被卡在了车轮下，故选C。 8．A.touch B．life C．interest D．action 答案　D 解析　touch触摸；life生活；interest兴趣；action行动。根据下文“She quickly the key out after watching her mother and other adults often do so.”可知，玛利亚及时行动。动词短语spring into action意为“迅速行动”。故选D。 9．A.knocked B．pulled C．directed D．lifted 答案　B 解析　knock敲击；pull拔；direct指导；lift举起。根据常识及下文“What Mariah did successfully stopped the car from moving further.”可知，玛丽亚拔掉了汽车钥匙，车子才停下来了。故选B。 10．A.walked B．jumped C．climbed D．raced 答案　D 解析　walk走；jump跳；climb爬；race(使)快速移动。根据上文“However，she fell and her leg got under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side.”可知，奶奶的腿还卡在车轮下面，玛丽亚跑回家求助，故选D。 11．A.anxiously B．actively C．rudely D．calmly 答案　A 解析　anxiously焦急地；actively积极地；rudely粗鲁地；calmly冷静地。根据上文“However，she fell and her leg got under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side.”可知，玛丽亚知道奶奶的腿还卡在前轮胎下面，急着找家人求助，按门铃时心情着急。故选A。 12．A.adventure B．emergency C．interaction D．atmosphere 答案　B 解析　adventure冒险；emergency紧急情况；interaction互动；atmosphere大气，氛围。根据上文“However，she fell and her leg got under the front tire(轮胎) on the driver’s side.”和下文“called 911 immediately”可知，帕特丽夏处于紧急情况中，波奇亚立刻拨打了911求助。故选B。 13．A.well-behaved B．hard-won C．quick-thinking D．eye-catching 答案　C 解析　well-behaved乖巧的，行为端正的；hard-won来之不易的；quick-thinking思维敏捷的；eye-catching引人注目的。根据上文可知，玛丽亚遇事不乱，反应迅速，才使得奶奶能尽快脱险。故选C。 14．A.injured B．impacted C．threatened D．weakened 答案　A 解析　injure伤害，损伤；impact影响；threaten威胁；weaken削弱。根据下文“Days after the incident，Patricia recovered and left the hospital.”可知，帕特丽夏几天后就康复出院，说明她受伤了，不过伤得不是很严重。故选A。 15．A.cruel B．harmful C．scary D．embarrassing 答案　C 解析　cruel残忍的；harmful有害的；scary可怕的；embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据上文可知，这个意外事件很是吓人，连波奇亚都震惊了，还出动了911，scary符合语境。故选C。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Beijing Opera is a national treasure of China.It dates back to the late 18th century.At that time，four Huiban Opera Troups(徽班) entered the capital 1. (celebrate) Qianlong’s birthday.Although it is called Beijing Opera,2. (it) origins are not in Beijing but in Anhui and Hubei. There are four main roles：sheng，dan，jing，chou.Sheng is the male roles，dan is the female roles，chou is clown roles and jing is roles 3. brightly-painted face masks.The different colors of the faces represent different characters and each role has its 4. (fix) singing and acting styles.So Beijing Opera is a 5. (combine) of acting，talking，singing，dancing，and music. Mei Lanfang is a famous Chinese name in the world of Beijing Opera.Since he visited Japan in 1919，Peking Opera 6. (become) more and more popular with people around the world.The painted face impresses people most! Many find it 7. (fascinate)! But the music is very loud and the performers usually sing in 8. extremely loud style.That is because in the early days，Beijing Opera 9. (perform) mostly on open-air stages in streets，tea-houses or courtyard,10. they played loudly so that the crowds can hear more clearly. 1．答案　to celebrate 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 2．答案　its 解析　考查代词。修饰名词origins应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 3．答案　with 解析　考查介词。此处指“净”是戴着鲜艳面具的角色。后跟名词作宾语，表示“戴着”应用介词with。故填with。 4．答案　fixed 解析　考查形容词。修饰名词短语singing and acting styles应用形容词fixed，作定语。故填fixed。 5．答案　combination 解析　考查名词。空处作表语，结合不定冠词a可知应用单数名词combination。故填combination。 6．答案　has become 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语从句Since he visited Japan in 1919可知，空处用现在完成时；主语为Peking Opera，助动词用has。故填has become。 7．答案　fascinating 解析　考查形容词。此处为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，it指代上文中的The painted face，修饰物应用形容词作宾补。故填fascinating。 8．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。style“方式；风格”为可数名词，此处表泛指且extremely是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 9．答案　was performed 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Beijing Opera与perform构成被动关系，结合时间状语in the early days可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态；主语Beijing Opera为单数，be动词用was。故填was performed。 10．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为open-air stages，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。　　　　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$