Unit 7 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1(课件PPT+Word教案)-【步步高】2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册教师用书（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．Descriptions of three famous painters. B．Descriptions of three paintings. C．Definitions of masterpieces. D．Three methods of creating paintings. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Figure out the common structure of the three descriptions. Para.1：The general 1.description of the painting. Para.2：The 2.inspiration of the painting. Para.3：3.Comments on the painting. Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 Ⅰ.Read the passage carefully and then fill in the blanks. The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light Painter 1.Vincent van Gogh 6.Edvard Munch 12.René Magritte Description The night sky with 2.clouds，stars and a moon. A thin 7.figure with an expression of 8.fear. A beautiful 13.house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by 14.the darkness of night，with a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. Inspiration What he saw 3.from his window. His experience of 9.walking with friends. His 15.thoughts and ideas. Comments ·He thought it was 4.a failure. ·The fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s 5.most famous paintings. Many experts say the painting is connected to Munch’s 10.mental health problems，which caused him much 11.pain. ·He thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was 16.surprising. ·Some feel that the paintings look 17.dark and troubling. ·Others find them 18.calming. Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1．What can we infer from the passage? A．Munch’s physical health problems caused him a lot of pain. B．The Starry Night is a successful work of Van Gogh. C．Magritte loved nature and got inspiration from it. D．Some experts think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of light. 答案　B 2．Which word can describe the three paintings best? A．Active. B．Calm. C．Relaxing. D．Mysterious. 答案　D Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Let’s appreciate three famous masterpieces—The Starry Night，The Scream and The Empire of Light. The Starry Night 1.was painted(paint) by Vincent van Gogh while he stayed at a home for the mentally ill.Some experts thought that his mental 2.illness(ill) affected his sense of sight.The drug that he took can make people see yellow spots.3.Unfortunately(fortunately)，Van Gogh only sold one painting in his lifetime.Though he thought The Starry Night was a failure，it is now one of the world’s most famous 4.paintings(painting)． Edvard Munch painted The Scream,5.which shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a 6.powerful(power) scream.In his diary，Munch talked about what inspired him 7.to paint(paint) the picture. René Magritte painted a series of paintings,8.including(include) The Empire of Light.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night.9.What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.The viewers have different reactions to The Empire of Light.As for Magritte himself，he thought that the change between day 10.and night in the paintings was surprising. 1．The Starry Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally(mental) ill.(P8，The Starry Night，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。when引导定语从句，修饰June 1889。 汉语翻译：《星空》是文森特·凡·高于1889年6月在一家精神病院里创作的。 2．Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window—the night sky with clouds，stars and a moon.(P8，The Starry Night，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，且在从句中作saw的宾语；破折号后面具体解释what he saw from his window的内容。 汉语翻译：凡·高画了他看到的窗外景象——有云、星星和月亮的夜空。 3．However，the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous paintings(painting)．(P8，The Starry Night，Para.3) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。句中remain为系动词，that引导表语从句，在从句中不作任何成分。 汉语翻译：而事实是，《星空》现在是世界上最著名的画作之一。 4．What makes it striking(strike) is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.(P9，The Scream，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分；with an expression of fear作后置定语，修饰figure；破折号后面的句子具体解释a thin figure with an expression of fear。 汉语翻译：这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。 5．Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch’s mental health problems，which caused him a lot of pain.(P9，The Scream，Para.3) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰mental health problems。 汉语翻译：许多专家说，《呐喊》与给蒙克带来巨大痛苦的心理健康问题有关。 6．It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness(dark) of night.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是简单句。句中过去分词短语lit...和surrounded...均作house的后置定语。 汉语翻译：画中有一座美丽的房子，房子里充满了灯光，外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。 7．What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是主从复合句。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在从句中不作成分。 汉语翻译：奇怪的是，在房子和树木之上，我们看到明亮的天空和柔软的白云。 figure n．数字；身材；雕像；人物；人影 vt.计算；认为 ·keep one’s figure保持体形 ·figure out弄懂；计算出；想出；理解 (1)By visiting the Palace Museum，you will figure out our striking Chinese culture better and you’ll be amazed by its artistic design. [写作佳句] (2)当我们接近农场时，我们看到了一个模糊的(dim)身影，那是在焦急等待我们的保罗叔叔。 As we were approaching the farm，we saw a dim figure，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)只有通过均衡饮食、定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。 Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy. spot n．(圆)点；斑点；污渍；地点 vt.看见；注意到；发现；认出；使有污迹，弄脏 ·on the spot当场 ·spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with散布；点缀；满是……斑点 (1)When he turned around，he spotted a figure standing(stand) behind the tree. (2)(2023·全国乙)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. [写作佳句] (3)The costume which was spotted with mud was thrown out of the box. →The costume spotted with mud was thrown out of the box.(用非谓语动词改写) failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)[fail vi.失败；未能(做到)] ·end in failure以失败告终 ·fail to do sth 没能做成某事 (1)If you keep on doing it like this，you will end in failure. (2)As a matter of fact，the middle-aged man is a complete failure. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)It is natural that we fail to achieve(achieve) something in our daily life.What is important is that we can learn something from these failures(fail)，for failure(fail) is the mother of success. let out 放出；发出(叫喊等)；泄露；加宽，放大(衣服等)；出租 let alone更不用说；更谈不上 let...alone不打扰；不碰 let sb down使某人失望 let go (of)放开；放手 用let短语完成下面的语段 He (1)let out a long sigh，mainly because her words really (2)let him down.She was so cold-hearted! The injured little pet dog couldn’t even stand up yet，(3)let alone walk! He was so kind that it was impossible for him to (4)let go of it. reaction n．反应，回应(react vi.做出反应，回应) ·in reaction to以应对…… ·react to对……做出反应 react against反抗/反对…… react with和……发生(化学)反应 (1)This produced a chain reaction(react)，which made it possible for life to develop. (2)In this band，he always reacted against the performer，which made me upset. [写作佳句] (3)你认为他会做什么来回应这个坏消息？ What do you think he will do to react to/in reaction to the bad news? be doing...when... I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set...(P9，The Scream，Para.2)太阳落山时，我和两个朋友一起走在路上…… 结构分析：句中含有be doing...when...结构，表示“正在做……这时……”，其中when为并列连词，意为“此时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— when用作并列连词，意为“这时”的句型还有： be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做了……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)我正要走下舞台，突然一个观众发出尖叫，把我吓得魂不附体。 I was on the point of stepping off the stage when/was about to step off the stage when a viewer let out a scream，scaring my soul out of my body. (2)(读后续写之动作描写)我正在痛哭不止，这时爸爸把我揽入怀中，轻轻地拍着我的后背。 I was crying my eyes out when my father gathered me into his arms and patted me on the back gently. “find＋宾语＋宾补”结构 Others，however，find them calming.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.3) 而有些人则觉得这些画让人感到平静。 结构分析：此句是简单句。句中含有“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— find后可接复合宾语，能作宾补的可以是名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。 注意：如果宾语是不定式或从句时，常用it充当形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到后面。 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)When she looked up，she found the dark blue sky starry(star)． (2)When he hurried home，he found that talented scientist sitting(sit) in his yard. (3)When he arrived，he found all the work already finished(finish)． [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之求助信)进入高中，我发现数学很难学。 Entering the senior high school，I found it difficult to learn Maths. 阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分是何种名词性从句 Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese art in ①that he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting.The reason why he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe was ②that he wanted to promote Chinese art.In the painting named Racing Horse，③what we can see is a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky.On the left and right sides of the painting，Xu cleverly drew in black ink to show the moving hair on the horse’s mane and tail.He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body.The reason why it is a favourite of many art lovers was ④that it was painted so skilfully with dark and light colours. [自主发现] ①：宾语从句；②：表语从句；③：主语从句；④：表语从句。 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子被称为名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，本单元重点讲解前三种从句。 名词性从句常用的引导词： ①从属连词that，whether，if等在从句中起连接作用，不作任何成分； ②连接代词who(ever)，what(ever)，which(ever)，whom(ever)等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等名词性成分； ③连接副词how(ever)，where(ever)，when(ever)，why等在从句中作状语。 名词性从句的语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。 一、主语从句 主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语从句放在后面。 Whether the drama will be put on is not certain now. 这部戏剧是否会上演现在不能确定。 How the book will be sold depends on its author. 这本书如何销售取决于其作者。 Which pattern they will choose makes no difference. 他们选择哪种图案都无所谓。 That she will do well in her exam is certain. ＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 她在考试中会取得好成绩，这是确定无疑的。 注意：主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型： 1．It＋不及物动词或动词短语的适当形式＋从句 It happens that...碰巧…… It has turned out that...结果是…… It happened that the harvest was bad that year. 恰好那年收成不好。 2．It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句 It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is believed that...人们认为…… It is hoped that...大家希望…… It is said that the middle-aged man has suffered a lot of failures. 据说，这个中年男人遭受过很多次失败。 3．It＋be＋形容词＋从句 It is necessary that...……有必要。 It is clear that...……很清楚。 It is (un)likely that...……很/不太可能。 It is important that...……很重要。 It is necessary that we should be equipped with some professional skills. 我们用专业技能武装自己是必要的。 4．It＋be＋名词＋that从句 适用于该句型的名词(词组)有a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，one’s duty等。 It is a pity that you missed such a funny comedy last week. 很遗憾上周你错过了那么好笑的一部喜剧片。 二、宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句。宾语从句既可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。若宾语部分结构较长，可使用形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语从句置于后面。 Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter. 每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。 Is there anything wrong with what I said? 我所说的有错误之处吗？ These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer. 这两个地区的相似之处在于夏天降水都很多。 I find it strange that she doesn’t want to go. 她居然不想去，我觉得奇怪。 注意：宾语从句一般用陈述语气，但是，当主句的谓语动词为advise，insist(坚决主张)，suggest(建议)，require，request，order等表示请求、命令、要求、主张的动词时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即用“should＋动词原形”(should可以省略)。 She insisted that we (should) go to the exhibition with her. 她坚决要求我们和她一起去看展览。 三、表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem，sound等。 The question is whether he could compose such nice music within two days. 问题是他是否能在两天之内创作出那么好的音乐。 You look as if you slept badly. 你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。 The fact remains that our technology are still not advanced enough. 事实是我们的技术仍旧不够先进。 注意： 1．表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。 The fact is that he often feels tense while he is on the stage. 事实是他在台上时经常感到紧张。 2．主句的主语是名词advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 My suggestion is that we (should) consider all the aspects before making a decision. 我的建议是我们在做决定前应考虑到所有方面。 3．because，why引导的表语从句。 He failed.That is because he didn’t work hard. 他失败了。那是因为他没有努力。 He didn’t work hard.That is why he failed. 他没有努力。那是他失败的原因。 4．主句主语为reason时，表语从句的引导词要用that，一般不用why或because。 The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was drunk. 发生如此严重的一起事故的原因是司机喝醉了。 四、名词性从句要注意的难点 1．用whether而不用if的情况 (1)引导主语从句和表语从句时；(2)引导介词后的宾语从句时；(3)引导词与or not连用时；(4)引导词后接to do时；(5)有些动词如leave，put，discuss，decide等后的宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我们讨论了是否应该举行会议。 It depends on whether we have enough time. 这取决于我们是否有足够的时间。 I don’t know whether or not the report is true. 我不知道这份报告是不是真的。 2．that与what引导名词性从句的区别 that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语，意思是“……的事情，什么样的”。 That he failed in the test again really puzzled us. 他又一次没通过考试，这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分，不可以省略) These photographs will show you what our village looks like. 这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语) 3．wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别 连接词what，which，who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whoever分别相当于anything that，any...that，anyone who，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较： What you choose to wear should be clean. 你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。 Whatever you choose to wear should be clean. 无论你选择穿什么衣服，都应该是干净的。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I’d like to have a talk with whoever is in charge of the company. 2．In fact，it depended on whether they would agree to our plan or not. 3．It is necessary that each citizen should do something to save energy. 4．It happened that the young man was covering the accident at that time. 5．Richard swims three times a week after work.This is how he keeps his figure. 6．She made it clear that she wouldn’t leave her company until she was 60. 7．That he had given up his job really made all of us very surprised that day. 8．His suggestion is that we shouldn’t respond to the emails from some strangers. 9．The doctor insisted that the injured boy (should) be operated(operate) on at once. 10．What made the school proud was that over 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. Ⅱ.单句写作 1．让她生气的是，她的儿子又一次考试不及格。 What made her angry was that her son failed the exam again. 2．据说这位教授已经成功地完成了这个实验。 It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment. 3．你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。 You can’t imagine how excited they were when they received the nice present. 4．他已明确表示他与这件事无关。 He has made it clear that he has nothing to do with the matter. 5．我迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到了交通堵塞。 The reason why I was late was that I had been/got caught in a traffic jam on the half way. 6．问题是我们怎样才能弄到那么多钱来进行我们的项目。 The problem is how we can get so much money to carry on our project. 7．她不明白的是为什么对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少了。 What she couldn’t understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 8．他们怎样处理了那些用过的材料，现在仍旧是个秘密。 How they have dealt with the used materials remains a secret now. Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用名词性从句。 据报道，今天早上罗马街街角出事故了。当时没有人看到究竟发生了什么事。谁将对这次事故负责仍在调查中。警察现在应该做的是尽快查明什么导致了这次事故。原因可能是司机太累了而没能及时停车。那位司机不承认他在拐弯处超速了。警察怀疑他所说的是否属实，决定进行进一步调查。 1．It was reported that there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning.No one saw 2.what on earth happened then.3.Who will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.4.What the police should do now is to find out 5.what led to the accident as soon as possible.Perhaps the reason was 6.that the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn’t admit 7.that he was overspeeding at the turning.The police doubted 8.whether what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation. 　　　　训练2　Lesson 1　[分值：70分] Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．Neighbours spotted smoke coming(come) out of the house. 2．Lily was affected with flu when she was in touch with the patient. 3．Being hot and dry in summer is a striking(strike) feature of the country. 4．Not having passed the exam，the student considered himself a failure(fail)． 5．Though it is just a small mistake，it may cause a series of chain reactions(react)． 6．The performer was dancing on the stage when a female viewer suddenly screamed. 7．After seeing the scary scene，some viewers let out a loud cry. 8．As is known to all，staying up late frequently affects our health both mentally(mental) and physically. 9．Standing on the massive(mass) grassland and enjoying the beautiful scene，I feel relaxed and comfortable. 10．Instead of getting angry about this，we should try to figure out how to make the atmosphere less embarrassing. Ⅱ.单句写作 (应用文写作——介绍书法比赛)(共15分) 1．为了推广中国古典文化，下周五我们学校将在操场举办书法比赛。(classical) In order to promote classical Chinese culture，a calligraphy competition will be held in our school playground next Friday. 2．要求每名参赛者必须在规定的时间内当场完成书写任务。(主语从句) It is required that each competitor should complete the handwriting task within the given time on the spot. 3．评审将选出引人注目的书法作品在学校图书馆展出。(striking，exhibition) The judges will select the most striking calligraphy works for exhibition in the school library. 4．届时，我们校长会将奖品颁发给在比赛中表现优异的参赛者。(定语从句) Our principal will then present the prize to the outstanding participants who perform well in the competition. 5．我希望当学生们看到图书馆里展出的优秀作品时，他们会发现好的书写很重要。(find的复合结构) I hope students can find good handwriting important when they see the excellent works displayed in the library. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Beautiful handwriting is of great benefit，especially for senior students.In order to promote classical Chinese culture，a calligraphy competition will be held in our school playground next Friday. It is required that each competitor should complete the handwriting task within the given time on the spot.And then，the judges will select the most striking calligraphy works for exhibition in the school library.In the end，the principal will present the prize to the outstanding participants who perform well in the competition. I hope students can find good handwriting important when they see the excellent works displayed in the library. Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) So far this winter，a theater in the Alps has staged more than 60 unique concerts.Winter temperatures in the remote mountain village can drop high below zero.Performers wear down jackets and play ice instruments.In fact，almost everything from drums and guitars to horns and harps at the music festival is carved from ice，even the stage the musicians play on.The audience sit on ice chairs and benches and clap their hands to listen，both to praise the performers and to keep themselves warm when the air flows through. The musical instruments used were almost entirely made by an American ice artist，Tim Linhart.Since he created his first musical instrument out of ice more than a decade ago，he has already carved various ice instruments，including violins，violas，timber drum sets，xylophone，double bass，mandolin and cello.He also created his own large wind instrument，which uses the vibration of an ice tube to produce sound when the air flows through. Linhart makes the different parts of the ice instrument and then uses a liquid mixed with snow to glue them together，with a metal support placed where the strings(弦) need to be.A violin can usually be made in two or three weeks，while larger instruments can take more time and efforts，sometimes taking months to make. An ice instrument has a clearer sound than a wooden instrument.However，ice instruments are more easily broken or damaged than ordinary instruments.The temperature in the ice theater changes depending on the number of people in the audience.This also changes the temperature of the ice instruments，which in turn affects the sound they produce.Musicians need to tune their instruments frequently during performances. Although playing an ice instrument is not easy，Linhart believes that ice and snow are good materials for making instruments.The only downside is melting when the temperature is above freezing. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了阿尔卑斯山上举行的特别的音乐节，表演者穿着羽绒服，演奏冰雕乐器。事实上，音乐节上几乎所有的东西，从鼓、吉他到喇叭和竖琴，甚至音乐家们演奏的舞台，都是用冰雕刻而成的。 1．What is special about the music festival? A．It attracts only the locals. B．It usually lasts two months. C．It has to be held in the cold. D．Its audience have to dress up. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Winter temperatures in the remote mountain village can drop high below zero.Performers wear down jackets and play ice instruments.In fact，almost everything from drums and guitars to horns and harps at the music festival is carved from ice，even the stage the musicians play on.”可知，音乐节的特别之处是必须在寒冷的地方举行。故选C。 2．What does the underlined word “vibration” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Temperature. B．Shaking. C．Length. D．Opening. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“He also created his own large wind instrument，which uses the vibration of an ice tube to produce sound when the air flows through.”可知，which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词wind instrument，结合常识，乐器发声需要利用冰管的振动在空气流过时发出声音。故画线词意思是“震动”。故选B。 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about ice instruments? A．Strengths and weaknesses. B．Production methods. C．Specific materials. D．Different varieties. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段前两句“An ice instrument has a clearer sound than a wooden instrument.However，ice instruments are more easily broken or damaged than ordinary instruments.”可知，第四段主要讲了冰雕乐器的优点和缺点。故选A。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To present an idea. B．To explain a theory. C．To introduce a finding. D．To share an event. 答案　D 解析　写作意图题。根据第一段并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了阿尔卑斯山上举行的特别的音乐节，表演者穿着羽绒服，演奏冰雕乐器，音乐节上几乎所有的东西，从鼓、吉他到喇叭和竖琴，甚至音乐家们演奏的舞台，都是用冰雕刻而成的。据此可推知，文章的目的是分享一个活动。故选D。 Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Nine years ago，I moved to an absolutely new town.Though I was 1 ，with various new things to explore，I was still lonely.I was eager to establish 2 . This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in！” when 3 to participate in a half marathon.Considering my usual 3 miles，I must have been 4 —13 miles seemed a(n) 5 task. However，the original 6 gradually faded away.I found comfort in burying myself in training.Though taking it slow，one mile，and then two，I gradually made 7 .Mile after mile，I managed to step beside my new friends.We talked about our favorite music and 8 funny stories about our children.At about mile 10，the conversations 9 .We shared our past and hopes for our future，our fears and regrets.By the time we were finishing 12 miles，I was 10 that I’d made lifelong friends. 11 ，the day of the race arrived.At the start line，armed with my friends，I already felt like a champion.My time training had 12 .I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my 13 .Finally，we crossed the finish line together. Although it started as a 14 of building social ties，running not only provided me with friendship，but with a skill that would 15 me for the rest of my life. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者搬到一个新城镇后，通过跑步与外界建立联系的故事，最终作者既收获了友谊，又收获了受益余生的技能。 1．A.excited B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．confused 答案　A 解析　excited兴奋的；relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；confused迷惑的。根据下文中的“with various new things to explore”可知，有很多新事物可以探索，所以作者是“兴奋的”。故选A。 2．A.respect B．principles C．business D．connections 答案　D 解析　respect尊敬；principle原则；business生意；connection联系。根据上文中的“I was still lonely”以及下文最后一段中的“Although it started as a of building social ties”可知，作者感到孤独，所以此处应表示渴望建立“联系”。故选D。 3．A.allowed B．reminded C．invited D．required 答案　C 解析　allow允许；remind提醒；invite邀请；require要求。根据上文中的“This could explain my enthusiastic ‘Count me in！’”可知，作者热情的回复“算我一个”，所以此处指的是被“邀请”参加马拉松比赛。故选C。 4．A.grateful B．confident C．crazy D．awkward 答案　C 解析　grateful感恩的；confident自信的；crazy疯狂的；awkward尴尬的。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles”可知，作者平时跑三英里，现在要参加半程马拉松比赛，由此可知，此处指的是作者一定是“疯了”。故选C项。 5．A.pleasant B．impossible C．rewarding D．important 答案　B 解析　pleasant愉快的；impossible不可能的；rewarding值得的；important重要的。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles”可知，作者平时跑三英里，所以现在跑13英里似乎是“不可能的”任务。故选B。 6．A.delight B．anxiety C．shock D．disappointment 答案　B 解析　delight高兴；anxiety焦虑；shock震惊；disappointment失望。根据上文中的“Considering my usual 3 miles，I must have been —13 miles seemed a(n) task.”可知，作者认为自己原来只跑三英里，跑13英里是不可能完成的任务，由此可知，作者开始是有些“焦虑”。故选B。 7．A.progress B．discoveries C．history D．mistakes 答案　A 解析　progress进步；discovery发现；history历史；mistake错误。根据下文中的“Mile after mile，I managed to step beside my new friends.”可知，作者成功地跟上了新朋友的步伐，说明作者取得了“进步”。故选A。 8．A.read B．spread C．exchanged D．composed 答案　C 解析　read阅读；spread扩散；exchange交换；compose构成。根据上文中的“We talked about our favorite music”以及and可知，作者与新朋友们“谈论”音乐，并且“交流”孩子们的趣事，talked与exchanged为并列关系，由此也说明作者开始与别人建立联系。故选C。 9．A.concluded B．deepened C．returned D．decreased 答案　B 解析　conclude推断出；deepen加深；return返回；decrease减少。根据上文和下文中的“We shared our past and hopes for our future，our fears and regrets.”可知，作者在跑了10英里之前与新朋友们谈论的是音乐和孩子的趣事，在跑了约10英里的时候开始与新朋友们分享过去和对未来的期许以及内心的恐惧和遗憾，由此可知，作者与新朋友们的谈话“加深”了。故选B。 10．A.hopeful B．regretful C．convinced D．ashamed 答案　C 解析　hopeful满怀希望的；regretful后悔的；convinced确信的；ashamed羞愧的。根据语境和下文中的“that I’d made lifelong friends”可知，随着作者与朋友们一起训练跑步里程的增加，谈论话题的不断加深，作者“相信”自己结交到了一辈子的好朋友。故选C。 11．A.Unfortunately B．Obviously C．Naturally D．Eventually 答案　D 解析　unfortunately不幸地；obviously显而易见地；naturally自然地；eventually最终。根据语境和下文中的“the day of the race arrived”可知，作者训练跑马拉松持续了一段时间，此处为“最终”，比赛的时间到了。故选D。 12．A.paid off B．run out C．come across D．flown away 答案　A 解析　pay off得到回报；run out耗尽；come across偶然遇到；fly away飞走。根据下文中的“I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my .”可知，作者能在比赛的时候跟上大家，由此可知，作者的训练“得到回报”。故选A。 13．A.partners B．trainers C．coaches D．judges 答案　A 解析　partner伙伴；trainer训练者；coach教练；judge裁判员。根据语境和下文中的“Finally，we crossed the finish line together.”可知，大家一起跨过终点线，由此可知，此处指的是作者能保持稳定的步伐，跟上“伙伴们”。故选A。 14．A.risk B．habit C．right D．means 答案　D 解析　risk风险；habit习惯；right权利；means方式，手段。根据上文中的“Though I was ，with various new things to explore，I was still lonely.I was eager to establish .”可知，作者初到新的环境，渴望建立联系，所以，一开始把跑步当成与大家建立联系的“手段”。故选D。 15．A.satisfy B．protect C．challenge D．benefit 答案　D 解析　satisfy使满意；protect保护；challenge挑战；benefit使受益。根据语境和上文中的“running not only provided me with friendship，but with a skill”可知，此处均是谈论的跑步给作者带来的好处：跑步不仅仅是给作者提供了友谊，而且还提供了一种使作者“受益”余生的技能。故选D。 Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Piyingxi，or Chinese shadow puppetry is a traditional opera art among Chinese people.According to historical records，shadow puppetry originated 1. the Western Han Dynasty and became popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Shadow puppetry is an art with a perfect 2. (combine) of light，image，sound and color.In lamp light，the shadow puppet looks crystalline(似水晶的) and graceful，with the cut-out parts brighter than 3. rest. The performers hold joysticks in their hands that they grab，grind，roll，and press 4. (create) flowing motions，which is exactly 5. the ancient called “a million soldiers in two hands”. In addition to images，performers tell their stories in the locally popular tone with musicians 6. (play) instruments in the background. The coloring is also an 7. (amaze) step in making a shadow figure.The favorite colors are the pure ones，most of 8. are red，green and black in practice，as yellow is the original color of the skins，and the light leaked through the cut-outs is 9. (natural) white. The harmonious co-existence of sounds，colors，light and shadow 10. (make) shadow puppetry a colorful addition to people’s leisure time. 语篇解读　本文是说明文。这篇文章详细介绍了中国皮影戏的起源、艺术特点、表演方式和色彩运用。 1．答案　from 解析　考查介词。originate from意为“起源于”。故填from。 2．答案　combination 解析　考查名词。空处应填名词作介词with的宾语，且前面有a修饰，应用名词单数。故填combination。 3．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。the rest意为“其余的；剩下的”。故填the。 4．答案　to create 解析　考查非谓语动词。空处用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 5．答案　what 解析　考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，用what引导。故填what。 6．答案　playing 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构，play和逻辑主语musicians之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填playing。 7．答案　amazing 解析　考查形容词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，修饰step，用-ing形式。故填amazing。 8．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。此处是“不定代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，空处指代先行词colors，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用which。故填which。 9．答案　naturally 解析　考查副词。空后是形容词，所以空处应填副词修饰。故填naturally。 10．答案　makes 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。make作本句谓语，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是The harmonious co-existence，为第三人称单数。故填makes。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Section Ⅱ UNIT 7 Lesson 1 ART Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　语言知识学习 Part 4　语法项目精讲 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.Descriptions of three famous painters. B.Descriptions of three paintings. C.Definitions of masterpieces. D.Three methods of creating paintings. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Figure out the common structure of the three descriptions. Para.1：The general 1. of the painting. Para.2：The 2. of the painting. Para.3：3. on the painting. description inspiration Comments Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 Ⅰ.Read the passage carefully and then fill in the blanks.   The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light Painter 1.________________ 6.______________ 12.______________ Description The night sky with 2.___________________________. A thin 7._______ with an expression of 8.______. A beautiful 13._______ lit by lights from inside，surrounded by 14.____ _________________，with a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. Vincent van Gogh Edvard Munch René Magritte clouds，stars and a moon figure fear house the darkness of night   The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light Inspiration What he saw 3.____ ____________. His experience of 9._____________________. His 15.__________ __________. from his window walking with friends thoughts and ideas   The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light Comments ·He thought it was 4.__ ________. ·The fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s 5.______________ paintings. Many experts say the painting is connected to Munch’s 10._______ ________________，which caused him much 11. . ·He thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was 16._____________. ·Some feel that the paintings look 17.____ _____________. ·Others find them 18._________. a failure most famous mental health problems pain surprising dark and troubling calming 8 Ⅱ.Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. 1.What can we infer from the passage? A.Munch’s physical health problems caused him a lot of pain. B.The Starry Night is a successful work of Van Gogh. C.Magritte loved nature and got inspiration from it. D.Some experts think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of light. √ 2.Which word can describe the three paintings best? A.Active. B.Calm. C.Relaxing. D.Mysterious. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Let’s appreciate three famous masterpieces—The Starry Night，The Scream and The Empire of Light. The Starry Night 1. (paint) by Vincent van Gogh while he stayed at a home for the mentally ill.Some experts thought that his mental 2. (ill) affected his sense of sight.The drug that he took can make people see yellow spots.3. (fortunately)，Van Gogh only sold one painting in his lifetime.Though he thought The Starry Night was a failure，it is now one of the world’s most famous 4.__________(painting). was painted illness Unfortunately paintings Edvard Munch painted The Scream,5. shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a 6.___________(power) scream.In his diary，Munch talked about what inspired him 7. (paint) the picture. René Magritte painted a series of paintings,8. (include) The Empire of Light.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night.9. is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.The viewers have different reactions to The Empire of Light.As for Magritte himself，he thought that the change between day 10. night in the paintings was surprising. which powerful to paint 返 回 including What and 难句分析 长句 13 1.The Starry Night was painted June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the (mental) ill.(P8，The Starry Night，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。when引导 从句，修饰 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ in mentally 主从复合 定语 《星空》是文森特·凡·高于1889年6月在一家精神病院里创作的。 June 1889 2.Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window—the night sky ______ clouds，stars and a moon.(P8，The Starry Night，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。what引导 从句，且在从句中作saw的 ；破折号后面具体解释what he saw from his window的内容。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ with 主从复合 宾语 宾语 凡·高画了他看到的窗外景象——有云、星星和月亮的夜空。 3.However，the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous (painting).(P8，The Starry Night，Para.3) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中remain为系动词，that引导_____ 从句，在从句中不作任何成分。 汉语翻译：____________________________________________________ paintings 主从复合 表语 而事实是，《星空》现在是世界上最著名的画作之一。 4.What makes it (strike) is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting a powerful scream.(P9，The Scream，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。what引导 从句，且在从句中作 ；that引导 从句，在从句中不作成分；with an expression of fear作 ，修饰 ；破折号后面的句子具体解释a thin figure with an expression of fear。 汉语翻译：____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ striking 主从复合 主语 主语 表语 out 后置定语 figure 这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。 5.Many experts say that The Scream is connected Munch’s mental health problems，which caused him a lot of pain.(P9，The Scream，Para.3) 结构分析：本句是 句。that引导 从句；which引导_____ _________从句，修饰 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ to 主从复合 宾语 非限 许多专家说，《呐喊》与给蒙克带来巨大痛苦的心理健康问题有关。 制性定语 mental health problems 6.It shows a beautiful house lit lights from inside，surrounded by the (dark) of night.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。句中过去分词短语lit...和surrounded...均作house的 。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ by darkness 简单 后置定语 画中有一座美丽的房子，房子里充满了灯光，外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。 7.What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full brightness and soft white clouds.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.1) 结构分析：本句是 句。what引导 从句，且在从句中作 ；that引导 从句，在从句中不作成分。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ of 主从复合 主语 奇怪的是，在房子和树木之上，我们看到明亮的天空和柔软的白云。 主语 表语 返 回 知识学习 语言 21 n.数字；身材；雕像；人物；人影 vt.计算；认为 1 (1)By visiting the Palace Museum，you will figure our striking Chinese culture better and you’ll be amazed by its artistic design. out figure • keep one’s figure保持体形 • figure out弄懂；计算出；想出；理解 (2)当我们接近农场时，我们看到了一个模糊的(dim)身影，那是在焦急等待我们的保罗叔叔。 As we were approaching the farm，we ，which turned out to be Uncle Paul who was waiting for us anxiously. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)只有通过均衡饮食、定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。 Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise____________ _______________________________. 写作佳句 saw a dim figure can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy • on the spot当场 • spot sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事 be spotted with散布；点缀；满是……斑点 n.(圆)点；斑点；污渍；地点 vt.看见；注意到；发现；认出；使有污迹，弄脏 2 spot (1)When he turned around，he spotted a figure (stand) behind the tree. (2)(2023·全国乙)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being the spot only five minutes before the best moment. standing on (3)The costume which was spotted with mud was thrown out of the box. →The costume was thrown out of the box.(用非谓语动词改写) 写作佳句 spotted with mud • end in failure以失败告终 • fail to do sth 没能做成某事 n.失败；失败的人(或事物)[fail vi.失败；未能(做到)] failure 3 (1)If you keep on doing it like this，you will end failure. (2)As a matter of fact，the middle-aged man is complete failure. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)It is natural that we fail (achieve) something in our daily life.What is important is that we can learn something from these (fail)，for (fail) is the mother of success. in a to achieve failures failure let alone更不用说；更谈不上 let...alone不打扰；不碰 let sb down使某人失望 let go (of)放开；放手 放出；发出(叫喊等)；泄露；加宽，放大(衣服等)；出租 let out 4 用let短语完成下面的语段 He (1) a long sigh，mainly because her words really (2)_______ ________.She was so cold-hearted! The injured little pet dog couldn’t even stand up yet，(3) walk! He was so kind that it was impossible for him to (4) it. let out let him down let alone let go of • in reaction to以应对…… • react to对……做出反应 react against反抗/反对…… react with和……发生(化学)反应 n.反应，回应(react vi.做出反应，回应) reaction 5 (1)This produced a chain (react)，which made it possible for life to develop. (2)In this band，he always reacted the performer，which made me upset. reaction against (3)你认为他会做什么来回应这个坏消息？ What do you think he will do the bad news? 写作佳句 to react to/in reaction to be doing...when... 6 I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set...(P9，The Scream，Para.2)太阳落山时，我和两个朋友一起走在路上…… 结构分析：句中含有be doing...when...结构，表示“正在做……这时……”，其中when为并列连词，意为“此时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。 when用作并列连词，意为“这时”的句型还有： be about to do...when...正要做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做了……这时…… be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… (1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)我正要走下舞台，突然一个观众发出尖叫，把我吓得魂不附体。 I ____________________________________________________ ______________________a viewer let out a scream，scaring my soul out of my body. (2)(读后续写之动作描写)我正在痛哭不止，这时爸爸把我揽入怀中，轻轻地拍着我的后背。 I was crying my eyes out _________________________________ __________and patted me on the back gently. was on the point of stepping off the stage when/was about to step off the stage when when my father gathered me into his arms “find＋宾语＋宾补”结构 7 Others，however，find them calming.(P9，The Empire of Light，Para.3) 而有些人则觉得这些画让人感到平静。 结构分析：此句是简单句。句中含有“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 find后可接复合宾语，能作宾补的可以是名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。 注意：如果宾语是不定式或从句时，常用it充当形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到后面。 (1)When she looked up，she found the dark blue sky (star). (2)When he hurried home，he found that talented scientist (sit) in his yard. (3)When he arrived，he found all the work already (finish). starry sitting finished (4)(应用文写作之求助信)进入高中，我发现数学很难学。 Entering the senior high school，I_________________________ ________. 写作佳句 found it difficult to learn Maths 返 回 项目精讲 语法 38 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分是何种名词性从句 Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese art in ①that he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting.The reason why he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe was ②that he wanted to promote Chinese art.In the painting named Racing Horse，③what we can see is a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky.On the left and right sides of the painting，Xu cleverly drew in black ink to show the moving hair on the horse’s mane and tail.He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse’s body. 语境感悟 The reason why it is a favourite of many art lovers was ④that it was painted so skilfully with dark and light colours. 宾语 ①： 从句；②： 从句；③： 从句；④： 从句。 表语 主语 表语 语法精讲 名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子被称为名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，本单元重点讲解前三种从句。 名词性从句常用的引导词： ①从属连词that，whether，if等在从句中起连接作用，不作任何成分； ②连接代词who(ever)，what(ever)，which(ever)，whom(ever)等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等名词性成分； ③连接副词how(ever)，where(ever)，when(ever)，why等在从句中作状语。 名词性从句的语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。 一、主语从句 主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语从句放在后面。 Whether the drama will be put on is not certain now. 这部戏剧是否会上演现在不能确定。 How the book will be sold depends on its author. 这本书如何销售取决于其作者。 Which pattern they will choose makes no difference. 他们选择哪种图案都无所谓。 That she will do well in her exam is certain. ＝It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 她在考试中会取得好成绩，这是确定无疑的。 注意：主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型： 1.It＋不及物动词或动词短语的适当形式＋从句 It happens that...碰巧…… It has turned out that...结果是…… It happened that the harvest was bad that year. 恰好那年收成不好。 2.It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句 It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is believed that...人们认为…… It is hoped that...大家希望…… It is said that the middle-aged man has suffered a lot of failures. 据说，这个中年男人遭受过很多次失败。 3.It＋be＋形容词＋从句 It is necessary that...……有必要。 It is clear that...……很清楚。 It is (un)likely that...……很/不太可能。 It is important that...……很重要。 It is necessary that we should be equipped with some professional skills. 我们用专业技能武装自己是必要的。 4.It＋be＋名词＋that从句 适用于该句型的名词(词组)有a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，one’s duty等。 It is a pity that you missed such a funny comedy last week. 很遗憾上周你错过了那么好笑的一部喜剧片。 二、宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句被称为宾语从句。宾语从句既可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。若宾语部分结构较长，可使用形式宾语it，而把真正的宾语从句置于后面。 Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter. 每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。 Is there anything wrong with what I said? 我所说的有错误之处吗？ These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer. 这两个地区的相似之处在于夏天降水都很多。 I find it strange that she doesn’t want to go. 她居然不想去，我觉得奇怪。 注意：宾语从句一般用陈述语气，但是，当主句的谓语动词为advise，insist(坚决主张)，suggest(建议)，require，request，order等表示请求、命令、要求、主张的动词时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即用“should＋动词原形”(should可以省略)。 She insisted that we (should) go to the exhibition with her. 她坚决要求我们和她一起去看展览。 三、表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem，sound等。 The question is whether he could compose such nice music within two days. 问题是他是否能在两天之内创作出那么好的音乐。 You look as if you slept badly. 你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。 The fact remains that our technology are still not advanced enough. 事实是我们的技术仍旧不够先进。 注意： 1.表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。 The fact is that he often feels tense while he is on the stage. 事实是他在台上时经常感到紧张。 2.主句的主语是名词advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。 My suggestion is that we (should) consider all the aspects before making a decision. 我的建议是我们在做决定前应考虑到所有方面。 3.because，why引导的表语从句。 This/That is why...这/那是……的原因。 This/That is because...这/那是因为…… He failed.That is because he didn’t work hard. 他失败了。那是因为他没有努力。 He didn’t work hard.That is why he failed. 他没有努力。那是他失败的原因。 4.主句主语为reason时，表语从句的引导词要用that，一般不用why或because。 The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was drunk. 发生如此严重的一起事故的原因是司机喝醉了。 四、名词性从句要注意的难点 1.用whether而不用if的情况 (1)引导主语从句和表语从句时；(2)引导介词后的宾语从句时；(3)引导词与or not连用时；(4)引导词后接to do时；(5)有些动词如leave，put，discuss，decide等后的宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. 我们讨论了是否应该举行会议。 It depends on whether we have enough time. 这取决于我们是否有足够的时间。 I don’t know whether or not the report is true. 我不知道这份报告是不是真的。 2.that与what引导名词性从句的区别 that在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语，意思是“……的事情，什么样的”。 That he failed in the test again really puzzled us. 他又一次没通过考试，这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分，不可以省略) These photographs will show you what our village looks like. 这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语) 3.wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别 连接词what，which，who分别表示“……的东西或事情”“哪一个”“谁”，表示疑问含义；而whatever，whichever，whoever分别相当于anything that，any...that，anyone who，意为“无论……”，强调一切情况。试比较： What you choose to wear should be clean. 你选择穿的衣服应该是干净的。 Whatever you choose to wear should be clean. 无论你选择穿什么衣服，都应该是干净的。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.I’d like to have a talk with is in charge of the company. 2.In fact，it depended on they would agree to our plan or not. 3.It is necessary each citizen should do something to save energy. 4. happened that the young man was covering the accident at that time. 5.Richard swims three times a week after work.This is he keeps his figure. 6.She made clear that she wouldn’t leave her company until she was 60. 达标检测 whoever whether that It how it 7. he had given up his job really made all of us very surprised that day. 8.His suggestion is we shouldn’t respond to the emails from some strangers. 9.The doctor insisted that the injured boy (operate) on at once. 10. made the school proud was that over 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. That that (should) be operated What Ⅱ.单句写作 1.让她生气的是，她的儿子又一次考试不及格。 was that her son failed the exam again. 2.据说这位教授已经成功地完成了这个实验。 the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment. 3.你想象不到他们在收到这份精美的礼物时有多么激动。 You can’t imagine_______________________________________________ _________. What made her angry It is said that how excited they were when they received the nice present 4.他已明确表示他与这件事无关。 He has made it clear . 5.我迟到的原因是我在半路上遇到了交通堵塞。 The reason why I was late was ____________________________________ on the half way. 6.问题是我们怎样才能弄到那么多钱来进行我们的项目。 The problem is to carry on our project. that he has nothing to do with the matter that I had been/got caught in a traffic jam how we can get so much money 7.她不明白的是为什么对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少了。 What she couldn’t understand was_________________________________ _____________________. 8.他们怎样处理了那些用过的材料，现在仍旧是个秘密。 remains a secret now. why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons How they have dealt with the used materials Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用名词性从句。 据报道，今天早上罗马街街角出事故了。当时没有人看到究竟发生了什么事。谁将对这次事故负责仍在调查中。 1. there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning.No one saw 2.____________ ______then. 3. is still under investigation. It was reported that what on earth happened Who will be responsible for the accident 警察现在应该做的是尽快查明什么导致了这次事故。原因可能是司机太累了而没能及时停车。那位司机不承认他在拐弯处超速了。 4. is to find out 5.____________________ as soon as possible.Perhaps the reason was 6.________________________ ________________ in time.The driver didn’t admit 7._______________ _______________ at the turning. What the police should do now what led to the accident that the driver was too tired to stop the car that he was overspeeding 警察怀疑他所说的是否属实，决定进行进一步调查。 The police doubted 8. and decided to make a further investigation. 返 回 whether what he said was true $$