专题03 阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道+议论文+书评）-【好题汇编】2025年高考英语一模试题分类汇编（福建专用）

专题03 阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道+议论文+书评） 考查范围：主题、语篇范围 题号 难度 知识点 一、阅读理解 1 适中 文学形式与文学作品,新闻报道 2 适中 科普知识 ,议论文 3 适中 公益活动（组织机构）,记叙文 4 适中 友谊,记叙文 5 较易 情绪,记叙文,个人经历 6 适中 记叙文,科学家 7 较易 议论文,人工智能 8 较易 气候,自然地理,新闻报道 9 较易 环境保护,记叙文 10 适中 体育健身 ,说明文 11 适中 科普知识 ,记叙文,生活故事 12 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文,生活故事 13 适中 记叙文,商业人物,生活故事 14 适中 记叙文,文学家 （一） (2025届福建省龙岩市高三下学期一模) English-language editions of two entertaining and insightful novels, Cat Country and Mr Ma and Son, written by one of China’s most accomplished novelists, the late Lao She, will soon be on bookshelves around the country. Cat Country, arguably China’s first venture into the field of science fiction, centers around a space traveler from China who crash-lands on an alien planet, where he discovers a country inhabited entirely by Cat People. Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and literary critic Ian Johnson says in the book’s introduction, Lao She stretches himself further than ever, producing one of the most remarkable, complicated and insightful novels of modern China. The sarcastic (讽刺的) humor and metaphorical writing are believed to be influenced by the late author’s early experiences in London. Lao She taught Chinese at the University of London’s School of Oriental Studies from 1924 to 1929, a time when the British still viewed China and the Chinese with strong mixture of distrust, dismissiveness, guilt and fear after two opium wars and the Boxer Rebellion(1900). It was there that he began his career as a writer of patriotic but complex fictions about contemporary China, writes University of London’s senior Chinese literature lecturer Julia Lovell in the introduction of Mr Ma and Son, who calls it“the first Chinese novel to face directly British racism toward China”. Based on Lao She’s London experiences, the novel displays the Mas’ attempts to deal with the deeply rooted cultural misconceptions by 1920s English society after they move there to run an antiques shop. As they go about building their new lives in London and striving to maintain a sense of cultural self, their own relationships are tested. “We felt that these two books offer a fascinating insight into how he works and thinks, exploring China’s place in the world and China’s self-image through evocative (唤起感情的) and beautiful writing that is as relevant today as it was when it was first written in the 1930s,” says Jo Lusby, managing director of Penguin China. 1．What does Cat Country stand as in China’s science fiction? A．A peak. B．A turning point. C．A miracle. D．A pilot. 2．What did Lao She’s London experience contribute to? A．His writing style. B．His career as a teacher. C．His sense of family unity. D．His prejudice to the British. 3．What message is mainly conveyed in Mr. Ma and Son according to the text? A．Business challenges. B．Cross-cultural conflicts. C．Tight bonds in family. D．The backwardness of China. 4．In Jo Lusby’s eyes, the two books _______. A．highlight China’s social conflicts B．establish Lao She’s status in literature C．deepen Lao She’s understanding of authoring D．provide an angle to look into China’s identity （二） (2025届福建省龙岩市高三下学期一模) Winston Churchill once said, “Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm.” It’s one of countless platitudes claiming that failure leads to success. But there’s strong evidence that such a concept is wrongheaded and can lead to terrible real-world consequences, researchers said in a new report. In fact, many people do not learn from their failures, and it’s stupid to expect otherwise, according to findings published June 10 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. “People often confuse what is with what ought to be,” lead researcher Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, an assistant professor of management and organizations at Northwestern University, said in a news release. “People ought to pay attention and learn from failure, but often they don’t because failure is demotivating and self-threatening.” A series of 11 experiments involving more than 1,800 participants found that people often don’t gain wisdom from failure, and that expecting them to do so can have potentially terrible consequences: People vastly overestimated the percentage of prospective nurses, lawyers and teachers who pass licensing exams after previously failing them. Nurses tended to overestimate how much colleagues would learn from a past error. People assumed that heart patients would embrace a healthier lifestyle, when many don’t. “People expect success to follow failure much more often than it actually does,” Eskreis-Winkler said. “People usually assume that past behavior predicts future behavior, so it’s surprising that we often believe the opposite when it comes to succeeding after failure.” Telling people they will succeed after failure might reduce the pain of a failure, but that way of thinking won’t naturally turn into people learning a lesson, researchers said. On the other hand, people can adjust their expectations of others when given more information about how little failure actually brings good results. Experiments found people were more in favor of taxpayer money being used for recovery and drug treatment programs when they learned about the low rates of success for people using those programs. “Correcting our wrong beliefs about failure could help move taxpayer dollars from punishment to recovery and improvement,” Eskreis-Winkler said. 5．What does the underlined word “platitudes” in Paragrah1 probably mean? A．Worn-out sayings. B．Confirmed principles. C．Convincing examples. D．Common statements. 6．What will assuming success after failure bring about? A．Higher success rate. B．No repetition of mistakes. C．Varied negative emotions. D．Overoptimism about results. 7．Which of the following cases will the author approve of? A．Being passive about an intense relationship. B．Lowering expectations of smokers after quit-failures. C．Convincing the students a test failure is unimportant. D．Expecting employees to learn more from work failure. 8．What would be the best title of the text? A．Braving Failures For Success B．Tracking Failure-Success Interplay C．Failures’ Benefits Might Be Overrated D．Success Goes Hand In Hand With Failure （三） (2025届福建省宁德市一级达标学校高三下学期一模) Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 9．What is the purpose of including a question in the first paragraph? A．To question the importance of sewing. B．To emphasize the role of sewing. C．To introduce the sewing project. D．To provide background information about sewing. 10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Inspiration for the project. B．The experience of Margaret in 2004. C．The story of a woman in Sri Lanka. D．Destruction of the 2004 tsunami. 11．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 12．Why is the community in New Orleans mentioned in the end? A．To highlight its cultural identity. B．To prove the importance of keeping traditions. C．To explain how organizations can provide immediate disaster relief. D．To show another function of sewing machines. （四） (2025届福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三下学期一模) My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding.  We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again. 13．What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A．Conflicts over college applications. B．Differences in academic performance. C．Different approaches to their group project. D．Varied priorities about their final year. 14．What made them restore their friendship? A．Their friends’ assistance. B．A school teacher’s intervention. C．Working on a school project together. D．Taking a timely break from each other. 15．How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A．Anxious. B．Relieved. C．Stressed. D．Uncertain. 16．Which of the following suits the story best? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．True friendship can stand the test of huge conflicts or quarrels. D．Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. （五） (2025届福建省漳州市高三下学期一模) For a long time after my husband, Dave, died, I was in a vast emptiness that filled my heart and lungs and limited my ability to think or even breathe. In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness. While other people had tried to comfort me with personal stories, Adam walked me through the data. He said that by six months, more than half of people who lose a beloved one are past what psychologists classify as intense sorrow. No one has been handed only roses. We all encounter hardships. When they happen, what do we do next? I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it’s the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone. So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience. We wrote it together. We don’t pretend that hope will win out over pain every day. It won’t. We don’t assume to have experienced every possible kind of loss and setback ourselves. We haven’t. For each hopeful story we tell here, there are others where circumstances were too much to overcome. Try as we might to prevent misfortune, they still exist, and we are still left to tackle them. To fight for change tomorrow, we need to build resilience today. Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering. 17．Why did the author call Adam? A．To seek his professional advice. B．To talk about the book to be written. C．To get some data he was working on. D．To inform him of her husband’s death. 18．What does the author intend to do by mentioning a backbone and muscles? A．Draw a comparison. B．Clarify a concept. C．Highlight a difference. D．Explain a physical reaction. 19．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The method they wrote the book. B．The content of their book. C．The reason for writing the book. D．The people the book concerns. 20．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a book. B．To define resilience. C．To share a painful experience. D．To offer life advice. （六） (2025届福建省泉州市高三下学期一模) Dr. Marie-Luce Chevalier, a Belgian/French geologist (地质学家), has been working a as a research professor at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing since 2010. For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move. In 2021, Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries. Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country. Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime. Chevalier’s mother went to Xizang once, realising her lifelong dreams. Chevalier keeps raising her daughter in this safe and highly international environment, Beijing. When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next! 21．What achievement did Chevalier get? A．She established the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences B．She launched the research on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. C．She won the Chinese Government Friendship Award. D．She developed earthquake prediction system for China. 22．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．When Chevalier began her master’s program. B．What Chevalier experienced in China. C．How Chinese culture has affected Chevalier. D．Why Chevalier bases her research in China. 23．Which of the following best describes Chevalier? A．Professional and committed. B．Sympathetic and open minded. C．Humble and reserved. D．Innovative and self-disciplined. 24．Why does Chevalier mention her daughter in the text? A．To highlight China’s secure environment. B．To prove her close family connections. C．To emphasise her bond with China. D．To advocate Chinese learning （七） (2025届福建省泉州市高三下学期一模) No matter how you feel about it. AI is here. So, which types of jobs are most at risk? What’s the best way to stay relevant? According-to a Goldman Sachs study, most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented (辅助) rather than replaced by AI So, which are the most endangered? Joc Apfelbaum, who teaches how to use AI through his course, says most at risk are jobs that use a process that can be done faster and cheaper with AI like forming products or filing tax returns. Shannan Monson, a founder and educator, says the outlook is not that negative. “We didn’t stop washing our dishes just because the dishwasher was invented. We simply get to do it faster, easier, and with less effort.” Paul Canetti, a professor at Columbia Business School, says that decision-makers and people managers are safe because AI can’t motivate or relate to humans. As AI develops, its application might not be as fast as we think. But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage. Canetti says there is going to be “a long period of transition (过渡期),where you can perform incredibly well at your job by taking advantage of these new tools before the average person does.” Experts agree that distinctly human skills will remain the most valuable. Humans are uniquely qualified there and human-to-human work is going to be hardest to replace. “Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader” Monson says. Apfelbaum argues that it’s not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity. 25．What may be affected most by AI? A．Managing human resources. B．Reporting taxes. C．Making decisions. D．Releasing new products. 26．What might Apfelbaum and Monson agree with? A．We can’t stop AI controlling our life. B．We needn’t overestimate AI’s impact. C．Adopting AI makes humans lazy. D．Employing Al in life is effortless. 27．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．AI’s outlook. B．AI’s development. C．AI’s application. D．AI’s advantage. 28．What is the function of the last paragraph? A．To discuss ways to get relevant to AI. B．To explore human emotions AI affects. C．To present arguments AI has caused D．To exhibit AI’s creativity in workplaces. （八） (2025届福建省福州市高三下学期一模) Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4,2024. Much of the ice has likely flowed a great distance to get to this point. The Fram Strait, connecting the Arctic Ocean with the Greenland Sea, serves as the primary route for sea ice out of the Arctic. Along the way, it breaks into smaller pieces and starts to melt in warmer ocean waters. “The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist. The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery. Their gathering forms the smoke- like clouds rising from the water surface. As the summer wears on, ice will continue to be carried out of the Arctic. But in recent years, more of the Arctic Ocean’s sea ice has become too young and thin to make the journey south, noted Angela Bliss, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.“ Historically, when more of the Arctic sea ice would survive the summer melt season, growing thicker and older, a larger volume of sea ice would be transported through the Fram Strait,” she said. Some climate scientists are watching this decreased flow closely. The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide. “Less ice and freshwater transport have big impacts on ocean productivity, as well as warming upper ocean temperatures, in the region,” said Bliss. A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water. 29．What does the NASA image mainly show? A．The length of the coastline. B．The journey to the Arctic. C．A scene of sea ice movement. D．A pattern of the Arctic ice. 30．What does the underlined “wispy” possibly mean? A．Typical. B．Delicate. C．Evident. D．Similar. 31．Why are climate scientists monitoring the reduced flow? A．It affects the balance of global heat. B．It encourages Arctic ocean diversity. C．It leads to the pollution of freshwater. D．It speeds up the “ocean conveyor belt”. 32．What can we know about the changing sea ice in the last paragraph? A．Its theoretical basis. B．Its economic promise. C．Its impact on the Fram Strait. D．Its link with climate system. （九） (福建省泉州市泉港区第二中学高三下学期一模) Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA． As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 33．What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A．The influence of his family. B．Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C．The demand of the football team. D．His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 34．Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A．To gain Kenya’s support. B．To set an example for others. C．To catch Arsenal’s attention. D．To show his achievements. 35．What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A．Promoting football’s development. B．Going global with the help of FIFA． C．Beating climate change completely. D．Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 36．What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied. （十） (福建省福州延安中学高三下学期一模) Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret, an Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world champion. Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect. Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself, she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport. I also want to win, but I’m a strong believer that you can do climbing, or any sport, in a healthy way. Luckily I didn’t fall into this trap.” She says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) — a syndrome (综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate (补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives. Left untreated, medical experts say REDs can damage an athlete’s bone health, immune system, and psychological health, as well as his athletic performance. 37．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to? A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. 38．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform? A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. 39．What may lead to REDs according to the text? A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over-exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. 40．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with REDs D．Warning against Cultural Trap in Climbing （十一） （福建名校联盟高三下学期一模) I joined the coast guard because I wanted to help people. Hovercraft (气垫船) are rare and special. They’ve been discontinued in most commercial operation, because they are so expensive to make, but when it comes to search and rescue, they’re priceless. From far away, a hovercraft looks like a normal boat. But if you look under its skirt, the craft is not touching the water — it floats on a cushion of air. That cushion allows us to travel over everything from water to muddy land — and even break through ice. We do all of that as a 70-tonne machine, going a maximum of nearly 120 kilometers per hour. These features allow us to rescue a large number of people quickly get onto land, and get someone into an ambulance far easier than with any other device I can think of. The advantages of hovercraft can also make them difficult to handle. We’ve got a massive vehicle moving fast, sometimes in a thick fog bank up a narrow river. During assignments on other coast guard ships, I had 20 minutes to make alterations to avoid a crash. In a hovercraft, I have 10 seconds. You have to have enough situational awareness to make the right decision every time. People call us for all sorts of problems: missing divers, on-board fires, or even when they’ve run out of fuel or had a mechanical breakdown. A container ship could burst into flames. We have a strong network here at the base to help everyone through difficult situations like that. Thankfully, we have captains who train us in a safe environment, but you don’t ever get fully comfortable. Anything can throw the hovercraft off — maybe your lift settings are off a little, or the wind blows with a bit of extra weight. After several years operating a hovercraft, I’m still learning. Every one of the captains here agrees: you can drive this thing for 20 years and still be surprised. 41．What makes hovercraft unsuitable for commercial use? A．Their safety risks. B．Their poor durability. C．Their low efficiency. D．Their production costs. 42．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How a hovercraft works. B．What comprises a hovercraft. C．What distinguishes a hovercraft. D．How a hovercraft helps victims. 43．What challenge do hovercraft pose to the pilot? A．They have to make faster responses. B．They often face mechanical breakdowns. C．They need more people for decision making. D．They must consider the environmental concerns. 44．What does the author think of operating a hovercraft? A．Dull. B．Demanding. C．Enjoyable. D．Effortless. （十二） (福建省部分地市下学期一模) My plan to learn to play the cello (大提琴) was a health y choice. So I took the next innocent step of going to a shop that sells and rents string instruments, especially violins, violas, and cellos. The place was a hole-in-the-wall, up a steep flight of stairs. Instruments left a narrow path to the counter where a woman with grey hair and warm eyes greeted me. Since I couldn’t form a question about what I wanted, I just stood there exploring the scene, which felt immensely pleasurable. I rented a cello, a bow, and a case to hold them. What attracted me to the cello was its enormous size and its soft, smooth, and memorable sounds. It’s an instrument made of beautifully polished wood that I could wrap my arms around and feel its powerful vibrations when the strings were played. That was a good starting point for me. The only problem was that I didn’t know how to play it. There’s a popular belief that the cello is a particularly difficult instrument to learn. Another is the admonition, “Don’t bother if you are a beginner over age 10!” Well, I was 70, and what others thought no longer influenced me. And besides, I thought of the words of Dr. Cohen, who suggested that learning causes physical changes in the brain. So I found a teacher who had respect for older adult beginners and I practiced diligently, daily for years, and sometimes disheartened, but I kept up. I’m happy to report that now, more than a decade later, I can hold my own in a string trio and two quartets （two violins, a viola, and me, the female cello）and even a senior community band. Of course, I’ll never sound like Yo-Yo Ma but you could recognize a Mozart piece if you heard me play it. And, more importantly, I don’t need to please anyone but myself. Whether it’s a pleasurable pastime or a new career, the starting point is the same: wonder, curiosity, determination, and the desire to keep your brain sharp. 45．How did the writer feel in the shop? A．Amused by the shop assistant. B．Anxious for a live performance. C．Pleased at the nice music atmosphere. D．Curious about where to find a teacher. 46．What does the underlined word “admonition” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Approval. B．Criticism. C．Puzzlement. D．Warning. 47．Why does the writer mention Dr. Cohen in paragraph 3? A．To recommend a reliable doctor. B．To provide proof for common belief. C．To add another reason for her decision. D．To stress the crucial function of the brain. 48．Which of the following can best convey the writer’s idea? A．Art is man’s second nature. B．One is never too old to learn. C．Education is the key to success. D．Happiness is the best form of health. （十三） (福建省部分地市校一模) In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market. Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman. “My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.” There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’” Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families. 49．Why did Handler create Barbie? A．To make a hit in the retail market. B．To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits. C．To do a project on women’s career choices. D．To inspire girls to make choices as they wish. 50．How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie? A．Sad yet comforted. B．Envious yet proud. C．Overwhelmed and ashamed. D．Heartbroken and regretful. 51．What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family? A．A reliable emotional support. B．A glue for broken relationships. C．An effective practical treatment. D．A secret medium of negotiation. 52．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A medical journal. B．A charity brochure. C．A financial report. D．A story collection. （十四） (福建省泉州市一模) Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he gained an appreciation of music, and from his mother an appetite for learning and the delights of the countryside about his rural home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were rejected by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871, to universal disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset into the plot, including the village school that Hardy attended. After Under the Greenwood Tree came a serialized novel A Pair of Blue Eves. Once more Hardy drew upon real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far From the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally netted Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlander, a story concerning an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set primarily in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1896), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focused on poetry for the rest of his life. 53．What do we know about Hardy? A．He was into drawing as a young man. B．He got fame at first attempt of writing. C．His writing career started with poems. D．His wife Emma shared his interest. 54．What does the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Integrated. B．Changed. C．Developed. D．Forced. 55．After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A．A Pair of Blue Eyes. B．Far From the Madding Crowd. C．Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D．Jude the Obscure. 56．What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A．Campus life. B．Life in London. C．Marriage life. D．Life in the countryside. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文+新闻报道+议论文+书评） 考查范围：主题、语篇范围 题号 难度 知识点 一、阅读理解 1 适中 文学形式与文学作品,新闻报道 2 适中 科普知识 ,议论文 3 适中 公益活动（组织机构）,记叙文 4 适中 友谊,记叙文 5 较易 情绪,记叙文,个人经历 6 适中 记叙文,科学家 7 较易 议论文,人工智能 8 较易 气候,自然地理,新闻报道 9 较易 环境保护,记叙文 10 适中 体育健身 ,说明文 11 适中 科普知识 ,记叙文,生活故事 12 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文,生活故事 13 适中 记叙文,商业人物,生活故事 14 适中 记叙文,文学家 （一） (2025届福建省龙岩市高三下学期一模) English-language editions of two entertaining and insightful novels, Cat Country and Mr Ma and Son, written by one of China’s most accomplished novelists, the late Lao She, will soon be on bookshelves around the country. Cat Country, arguably China’s first venture into the field of science fiction, centers around a space traveler from China who crash-lands on an alien planet, where he discovers a country inhabited entirely by Cat People. Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and literary critic Ian Johnson says in the book’s introduction, Lao She stretches himself further than ever, producing one of the most remarkable, complicated and insightful novels of modern China. The sarcastic (讽刺的) humor and metaphorical writing are believed to be influenced by the late author’s early experiences in London. Lao She taught Chinese at the University of London’s School of Oriental Studies from 1924 to 1929, a time when the British still viewed China and the Chinese with strong mixture of distrust, dismissiveness, guilt and fear after two opium wars and the Boxer Rebellion(1900). It was there that he began his career as a writer of patriotic but complex fictions about contemporary China, writes University of London’s senior Chinese literature lecturer Julia Lovell in the introduction of Mr Ma and Son, who calls it“the first Chinese novel to face directly British racism toward China”. Based on Lao She’s London experiences, the novel displays the Mas’ attempts to deal with the deeply rooted cultural misconceptions by 1920s English society after they move there to run an antiques shop. As they go about building their new lives in London and striving to maintain a sense of cultural self, their own relationships are tested. “We felt that these two books offer a fascinating insight into how he works and thinks, exploring China’s place in the world and China’s self-image through evocative (唤起感情的) and beautiful writing that is as relevant today as it was when it was first written in the 1930s,” says Jo Lusby, managing director of Penguin China. 1．What does Cat Country stand as in China’s science fiction? A．A peak. B．A turning point. C．A miracle. D．A pilot. 2．What did Lao She’s London experience contribute to? A．His writing style. B．His career as a teacher. C．His sense of family unity. D．His prejudice to the British. 3．What message is mainly conveyed in Mr. Ma and Son according to the text? A．Business challenges. B．Cross-cultural conflicts. C．Tight bonds in family. D．The backwardness of China. 4．In Jo Lusby’s eyes, the two books _______. A．highlight China’s social conflicts B．establish Lao She’s status in literature C．deepen Lao She’s understanding of authoring D．provide an angle to look into China’s identity 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国著名作家老舍的两部小说《猫城记》和《二马》的英文版即将在全国书店上架，并通过引用多位评论家的观点以及书籍内容概述，对这两部作品进行了深入的介绍和评价。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Cat Country, arguably China’s first venture into the field of science fiction, centers around a space traveler from China who crash-lands on an alien planet, where he discovers a country inhabited entirely by Cat People.(《猫城记》可以说是中国在科幻领域的首次尝试，讲述的是一位来自中国的太空旅行者迫降在一个外星星球上的故事。在这个星球上，他发现了一个完全由猫人居住的国家。)”可知，《猫城记》可以说是中国在科幻领域的首次尝试，这里的“first venture”表明它是中国科幻领域的先驱、开端，与选项D“pilot（试点，先驱）”意思相符。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The sarcastic(讽刺的)humor and metaphorical writing are believed to be influenced by the late author’s early experiences in London.(人们认为，书中讽刺性的幽默和隐喻式的写作手法受到了这位已故作家早年在伦敦经历的影响。)”可知，老舍在伦敦的经历对他作品中讽刺性的幽默和隐喻式的写作手法产生了影响，即影响了他的写作风格。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Based on Lao She’s London experiences, the novel displays the Mas’ attempts to deal with the deeply rooted cultural misconceptions by 1920s English society after they move there to run an antiques shop.(以老舍在伦敦的经历为基础，这部小说展现了马家父子搬到伦敦经营一家古玩店后，努力应对20世纪20年代英国社会根深蒂固的文化误解的过程。)”可知，《二马》这部小说以老舍在伦敦的经历为基础，展示了马家父子搬到伦敦后，努力应对20世纪20年代英国社会根深蒂固的文化误解的过程，这体现了跨文化冲突。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We felt that these two books offer a fascinating insight into how he works and thinks, exploring China’s place in the world and China’s self-image through evocative(唤起感情的)and beautiful writing that is as relevant today as it was when it was first written in the 1930s,” says Jo Lusby, managing director of Penguin China.(企鹅中国的董事总经理Jo Lusby表示：“我们认为，这两本书让人们得以深入了解老舍的创作方式和思维方式。他通过富有感染力且优美的文字，探讨了中国在世界上的地位以及中国的自我形象。这些文字在今天和20世纪30年代首次创作时一样具有现实意义。”)”可知，Jo Lusby认为这两本书通过富有感染力且优美的文字，为探究老舍的创作方式和思维方式提供了一个有趣的视角，同时也探讨了中国在世界上的地位以及中国的自我形象。也就是说这两本书提供了一个看待中国身份的角度。故选D。 （二） (2025届福建省龙岩市高三下学期一模) Winston Churchill once said, “Success consists of going from failure to failure without loss of enthusiasm.” It’s one of countless platitudes claiming that failure leads to success. But there’s strong evidence that such a concept is wrongheaded and can lead to terrible real-world consequences, researchers said in a new report. In fact, many people do not learn from their failures, and it’s stupid to expect otherwise, according to findings published June 10 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. “People often confuse what is with what ought to be,” lead researcher Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, an assistant professor of management and organizations at Northwestern University, said in a news release. “People ought to pay attention and learn from failure, but often they don’t because failure is demotivating and self-threatening.” A series of 11 experiments involving more than 1,800 participants found that people often don’t gain wisdom from failure, and that expecting them to do so can have potentially terrible consequences: People vastly overestimated the percentage of prospective nurses, lawyers and teachers who pass licensing exams after previously failing them. Nurses tended to overestimate how much colleagues would learn from a past error. People assumed that heart patients would embrace a healthier lifestyle, when many don’t. “People expect success to follow failure much more often than it actually does,” Eskreis-Winkler said. “People usually assume that past behavior predicts future behavior, so it’s surprising that we often believe the opposite when it comes to succeeding after failure.” Telling people they will succeed after failure might reduce the pain of a failure, but that way of thinking won’t naturally turn into people learning a lesson, researchers said. On the other hand, people can adjust their expectations of others when given more information about how little failure actually brings good results. Experiments found people were more in favor of taxpayer money being used for recovery and drug treatment programs when they learned about the low rates of success for people using those programs. “Correcting our wrong beliefs about failure could help move taxpayer dollars from punishment to recovery and improvement,” Eskreis-Winkler said. 5．What does the underlined word “platitudes” in Paragrah1 probably mean? A．Worn-out sayings. B．Confirmed principles. C．Convincing examples. D．Common statements. 6．What will assuming success after failure bring about? A．Higher success rate. B．No repetition of mistakes. C．Varied negative emotions. D．Overoptimism about results. 7．Which of the following cases will the author approve of? A．Being passive about an intense relationship. B．Lowering expectations of smokers after quit-failures. C．Convincing the students a test failure is unimportant. D．Expecting employees to learn more from work failure. 8．What would be the best title of the text? A．Braving Failures For Success B．Tracking Failure-Success Interplay C．Failures’ Benefits Might Be Overrated D．Success Goes Hand In Hand With Failure 【答案】5．D 6．D 7．B 8．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章对“失败是成功之母”这一常见观点提出了质疑，并论述了人们往往不能从失败中学习，以及这种错误观念可能导致的现实后果。 5．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“But there’s strong evidence that such a concept is wrongheaded and can lead to terrible real-world consequences, researchers said in a new report.(但研究人员在一份新报告中指出，有确凿证据表明，这样的观念是错误的，并且可能在现实世界中导致严重的后果。)”可推测，划线单词的意思和“常见的、被广泛提及的”相似。选项D“Common statements.”，意为“常见的陈述”，与此相符。故选D。 6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“A series of 11 experiments involving more than 1,800 participants found that people often don’t gain wisdom from failure, and that expecting them to do so can have potentially terrible consequences: People vastly overestimated the percentage of prospective nurses, lawyers and teachers who pass licensing exams after previously failing them. Nurses tended to overestimate how much colleagues would learn from a past error. People assumed that heart patients would embrace a healthier lifestyle, when many don’t.(一系列由1800多名参与者参与的11项实验发现，人们通常不会从失败中获得智慧，而且指望他们这样做可能会产生潜在的严重后果：人们大大高估了那些之前考试未通过的准护士、律师和教师在再次参加职业资格考试时的通过率。护士往往会高估同事从过去的错误中所能学到的东西。人们以为心脏病患者会接受更健康的生活方式，但实际上很多人并没有。)”以及第五段““People expect success to follow failure much more often than it actually does,”Eskreis-Winkler said. “People usually assume that past behavior predicts future behavior, so it’s surprising that we often believe the opposite when it comes to succeeding after failure.”(Eskreis-Winkler说：“人们期望失败后能成功的频率，远远高于实际情况。人们通常认为过去的行为可以预测未来的行为，所以令人惊讶的是，当涉及到失败后能否成功时，我们常常持有相反的观点。”)”可知，人们往往认为失败后会成功，但实际并非如此，这种想法会导致人们高估失败后成功的概率，对结果过于乐观。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Telling people they will succeed after failure might reduce the pain of a failure, but that way of thinking won’t naturally turn into people learning a lesson, researchers said. On the other hand, people can adjust their expectations of others when given more information about how little failure actually brings good results.(研究人员表示，告诉人们失败后会成功也许能减轻失败带来的痛苦，但这种思维方式并不会自然而然地让人们吸取教训。另一方面，当人们了解到失败实际上很少能带来好结果的更多信息时，他们可以调整对他人的期望。)”可知，人们常常高估失败后会成功的情况，实际上很多人不会从失败中学习，当人们了解到失败很少能带来好结果的更多信息时，应该调整对他人的期望。选项B“Lowering expectations of smokers after quit-failures.( 降低对戒烟失败的吸烟者的期望)”符合文章中提到的纠正对失败的错误认知，作者可能会认可。故选B。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段““People often confuse what is with what ought to be,” lead researcher Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, an assistant professor of management and organizations at Northwestern University, said in a news release. “People ought to pay attention and learn from failure, but often they don’t because failure is demotivating and self-threatening.”(该研究的首席研究员Lauren Eskreis-Winkler是西北大学管理与组织学助理教授，她在一份新闻稿中表示：“人们常常把‘是什么’和‘应该是什么’混为一谈。人们应该留意并从失败中吸取教训，但他们往往做不到，因为失败会让人失去动力，还会威胁到自尊心。”)”以及全文内容可知，文章开篇以温斯顿・丘吉尔的话引出关于“失败导致成功”这一观点，接着指出有证据表明这种观念是错误的。随后通过一系列实验说明人们通常不会从失败中获得智慧，且往往高估失败后成功的可能性，还提到纠正对失败的错误认知的意义。选项C“Failures’ Benefits Might Be Overrated(失败的益处可能被高估了)”准确地概括了文章主旨，即人们认为失败能带来成功等益处这种想法是错误的，失败的益处被高估了。故选C。 （三） (2025届福建省宁德市一级达标学校高三下学期一模) Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. 9．What is the purpose of including a question in the first paragraph? A．To question the importance of sewing. B．To emphasize the role of sewing. C．To introduce the sewing project. D．To provide background information about sewing. 10．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Inspiration for the project. B．The experience of Margaret in 2004. C．The story of a woman in Sri Lanka. D．Destruction of the 2004 tsunami. 11．What does the underlined word “impoverished” in paragraph 4 mean? A．uneducated. B．badly-off. C．exhausted. D．pessimistic. 12．Why is the community in New Orleans mentioned in the end? A．To highlight its cultural identity. B．To prove the importance of keeping traditions. C．To explain how organizations can provide immediate disaster relief. D．To show another function of sewing machines. 【答案】9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛格丽特·扬科夫斯基创立了一个公益组织，募集旧缝纫机并重新分配给有需要的人们，帮他们维持生计，同时也使人们能够保留他们的文化认同的故事。 9．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sewing is frequently seen as an enjoyable and artistic activity. However, have you ever taken a moment to consider that for countless individuals worldwide, a sewing machine goes beyond its role as merely a tool, instead frequently serving as their crucial source of income? (缝纫经常被视为一种令人愉快的艺术活动。然而，你有没有想过，对于世界上无数的人来说，缝纫机不仅仅是一种工具，而是他们重要的收入来源？)”和第二段中“When Margaret Jankowski discovered this, she chose to establish The Sewing Machine Project, an organization dedicated to collecting donated sewing machines and distributing them in remote areas such as Sri Lanka, Guatemala, Guam, and Kosovo. Additionally, the organization seeks to assist communities in Detroit and New Orleans. (当玛格丽特·扬科夫斯基发现这一点时，她决定建立“缝纫机项目”，一个致力于收集捐赠缝纫机并将其分发到斯里兰卡、危地马拉、关岛和科索沃等偏远地区的组织。此外，该组织还寻求帮助底特律和新奥尔良的社区。)”可知，设问是为了引出缝纫机项目的内容，解释其重要性。故选C。 10．主旨大意题。根据第三段“After a tsunami struck Sri Lanka, Margaret was profoundly affected by the tale of a specific woman. The disaster ruined the woman’s village, resulting in her losing everything, including her sewing machine, which had been her primary means of earning a living. Moved by this story, Margaret made the decision to gather used sewing machines and ship them to Sri Lanka. After she announced her idea on a local news program, donations of sewing machines began pouring in from the community. (海啸袭击斯里兰卡后，玛格丽特被一个女人的故事深深打动了。这场灾难摧毁了这个女人的村庄，导致她失去了一切，包括她的缝纫机，这是她主要的谋生手段。玛格丽特被这个故事感动了，她决定收集二手缝纫机并把它们运到斯里兰卡。在她在当地的一个新闻节目上宣布了她的想法后，社区开始大量捐赠缝纫机。)”可知，本段主要讲述了Margaret成立The Sewing Machine Project的灵感。故选A。 11．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The Sewing Machine Project covers a basic yet necessary need of many impoverished people around the world. (缝纫机项目满足了世界各地许多impoverished人的基本需求。)”和“For them, sewing can be a tool for survival. Whether in a factory or at home, a sewing machine can be the door to brighter financial opportunities. (对他们来说，缝纫是一种生存的工具。无论是在工厂还是在家里，一台缝纫机都可以是通往更光明的财务机会的大门。)”可知，缝纫机是他们的生存工具，是通往更光明的财务机会的大门，由此可知句中的“them”是穷人，them指代impoverrished people。因此，impoverished意为“贫困的”。A. uneducated没受过教育的；B. badly-off穷的，生活拮据的；C. exhausted精疲力尽的；D. pessimistic悲观的。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A sewing machine can also enable many to preserve their cultural identity. After Hurricane Katrina occurred in 2005, a community of New Orleans that wears skillfully-made suits for their own traditional festival lost many of their sewing machines. Since then, the non-profit organization has distributed hundreds of machines among the creators of the costumes, helping them maintain their tradition as well as their income. (一台缝纫机也可以使许多人保持他们的文化身份。2005年卡特里娜飓风发生后，新奥尔良的一个社区在他们自己的传统节日里穿着手工制作的西装，他们失去了许多缝纫机。从那时起，这家非营利组织向服装创作者分发了数百台机器，帮助他们保持传统和收入。)”可知，缝纫机也能让更多人保持他们的文化。由此推知，最后一段提到新奥尔良是为了突出它的让更多人保持他们的文化的功能，即展示缝纫机的另一个功能。故选D。 （四） (2025届福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三下学期一模) My senior year at Westfield High School was supposed to be the best year of my life. Instead, it turned into a lesson about friendship that I would never forget. My best friend, Emily, and I had been inseparable since middle school. But as graduation approached, the stress of exams and college applications began to weigh heavily on us. Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend. Our differing goals led to disagreements, and soon enough, we started to argue over the smallest things. One day, things reached a boiling point. We had a huge fight over a group project. Days turned into weeks, and our friendship seemed beyond repair. We avoided each other at school and stopped sitting together at lunch. Our friends tried to help, but neither of us was willing to make the first move. The silence between us was deafening, and I missed her more than I wanted to admit. It wasn’t until our English teacher assigned us to work together on a final presentation that we were forced to confront each other. At first, we worked in tense silence. But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. “I miss us,” she said softly. “I miss you, too,” I admitted, feeling a lump in my throat. “I’m sorry for being so hard on you. I just wanted everything to be perfect.” “I’m sorry too,” Emily replied. “I should have been more understanding.  We’re both stressed, but we shouldn’t let it ruin our friendship.” We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. On the graduation day, we stood side by side, proud of what we had accomplished and grateful to each other. The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again. 13．What caused the initial tension between the author and Emily? A．Conflicts over college applications. B．Differences in academic performance. C．Different approaches to their group project. D．Varied priorities about their final year. 14．What made them restore their friendship? A．Their friends’ assistance. B．A school teacher’s intervention. C．Working on a school project together. D．Taking a timely break from each other. 15．How did the author feel after making up with Emily? A．Anxious. B．Relieved. C．Stressed. D．Uncertain. 16．Which of the following suits the story best? A．A friend is easier lost than found. B．A friend in need is a friend indeed. C．True friendship can stand the test of huge conflicts or quarrels. D．Friendship, once broken, will never be the same again. 【答案】13．D 14．C 15．B 16．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Emily and I became distant because of the different classes. I was focused on getting into a top university, while Emily was more interested in enjoying our last year together and having a better friend.(艾米丽和我因为班级不同而疏远了。我专注于进入一所顶尖大学，而艾米丽更感兴趣的是享受我们在一起的最后一年，并有一个更好的朋友)”可知，最后一年的优先事项各不相同导致了作者和艾米丽之间最初的紧张关系。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“But as we spent more time together, the ice began to melt. One evening, as we were finishing up our project, Emily broke the silence. (但随着我们在一起的时间越来越长，冰开始融化。一天晚上，当我们正在完成我们的项目时，艾米丽打破了沉默)”可知，一起完成学校的项目使他们恢复了友谊。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We hugged, and at that moment, it felt like a weight had been lifted off my shoulders. (我们拥抱在一起，那一刻，我感觉肩上的重担减轻了)”可推知，作者和Emily和好后感到如释重负。故选B。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“The experience made our bond stronger, and we knew that no matter where life took us, we would always be there for each other. Time will help you screen the right people. The true bonds won’t be changed by anything. If you don’t value it, countless regret will come to you some day when you can’t get it again.(这段经历让我们的关系更加牢固，我们知道，无论生活把我们带到哪里，我们都会永远在一起。时间会帮助你筛选合适的人。真正的纽带不会被任何东西改变。如果你不珍惜它，总有一天当你再也得不到它的时候，无数的遗憾会降临到你身上)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友因为最后一年优先事项各不相同导致了关系紧张，最后通过一起完成学校项目修复了友谊的故事。可知，真正的友谊能经受分歧的考验。故选C。 （五） (2025届福建省漳州市高三下学期一模) For a long time after my husband, Dave, died, I was in a vast emptiness that filled my heart and lungs and limited my ability to think or even breathe. In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness. While other people had tried to comfort me with personal stories, Adam walked me through the data. He said that by six months, more than half of people who lose a beloved one are past what psychologists classify as intense sorrow. No one has been handed only roses. We all encounter hardships. When they happen, what do we do next? I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it’s the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone. So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience. We wrote it together. We don’t pretend that hope will win out over pain every day. It won’t. We don’t assume to have experienced every possible kind of loss and setback ourselves. We haven’t. For each hopeful story we tell here, there are others where circumstances were too much to overcome. Try as we might to prevent misfortune, they still exist, and we are still left to tackle them. To fight for change tomorrow, we need to build resilience today. Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering. 17．Why did the author call Adam? A．To seek his professional advice. B．To talk about the book to be written. C．To get some data he was working on. D．To inform him of her husband’s death. 18．What does the author intend to do by mentioning a backbone and muscles? A．Draw a comparison. B．Clarify a concept. C．Highlight a difference. D．Explain a physical reaction. 19．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The method they wrote the book. B．The content of their book. C．The reason for writing the book. D．The people the book concerns. 20．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a book. B．To define resilience. C．To share a painful experience. D．To offer life advice. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者结合自己向沃顿商学院的心理学家和教授亚当·格兰特寻求建议的经历介绍了一本名为Option B的书籍。 17．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the worst of my emptiness, I called Dave’s friend, Adam Grant, a psychologist and professor at Wharton. He convinced me that there was a bottom to this emptiness.”（在我最空虚的时候，我打电话给戴夫的朋友亚当·格兰特，他是沃顿商学院的心理学家和教授。他让我相信，这种空虚是有尽头的）可知，作者打电话给Adam是为了寻求他的专业建议。故选A。 18．推理判断题。根据第二段“I thought resilience (恢复力) was the capacity to bear pain. But according to Adam, it's the strength and speed of our response to suffering, and we can build it. It isn’t about having a backbone. It’s about strengthening the muscles around our backbone.”（我以为恢复力是承受痛苦的能力。但根据亚当的说法，这是我们应对苦难的力量和速度，我们可以建立它。这和脊梁无关。这是关于加强我们脊柱周围的肌肉。）可知，作者提到脊柱和肌肉是为了澄清一个概念，即恢复力不是指有脊柱，而是指加强脊柱周围的肌肉。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Along with reviewing research on how to recover and rebound from a wide range of hardships, Adam and I present stories of individuals and groups who have overcome ordinary and extraordinary difficulties. We look at the steps people can take to help themselves through tough times. We explore the psychology of recovery and the challenges of regaining confidence and rediscovering joy. We cover ways to speak about pain and comfort friends who are suffering.”（除了回顾关于如何从各种各样的困难中恢复和反弹的研究，亚当和我还介绍了克服普通和特殊困难的个人和团体的故事。我们来看看人们可以采取哪些步骤来帮助自己度过难关。我们探索康复的心理学，以及重获信心和重新发现快乐的挑战。我们将介绍谈论痛苦和安慰正在受苦的朋友的方法）可知，最后一段主要介绍了他们书的内容。故选B。 20．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第三段“So out came this book Option B. It’s my and Adam’s attempt to share what we’ve learned about resilience.”（于是，Option B这本书问世了。我和亚当试图分享我们对适应力的了解。我们一起写的）可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍一本书。故选A。 （六） (2025届福建省泉州市高三下学期一模) Dr. Marie-Luce Chevalier, a Belgian/French geologist (地质学家), has been working a as a research professor at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing since 2010. For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move. In 2021, Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries. Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country. Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime. Chevalier’s mother went to Xizang once, realising her lifelong dreams. Chevalier keeps raising her daughter in this safe and highly international environment, Beijing. When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next! 21．What achievement did Chevalier get? A．She established the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences B．She launched the research on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. C．She won the Chinese Government Friendship Award. D．She developed earthquake prediction system for China. 22．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．When Chevalier began her master’s program. B．What Chevalier experienced in China. C．How Chinese culture has affected Chevalier. D．Why Chevalier bases her research in China. 23．Which of the following best describes Chevalier? A．Professional and committed. B．Sympathetic and open minded. C．Humble and reserved. D．Innovative and self-disciplined. 24．Why does Chevalier mention her daughter in the text? A．To highlight China’s secure environment. B．To prove her close family connections. C．To emphasise her bond with China. D．To advocate Chinese learning 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍比利时/法国地质学家玛丽-露丝·谢瓦利埃博士在中国的研究经历、贡献以及对中国的热爱和认同。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 2021. Chevalier was presented with the Chinese Government Friendship Award in appreciation of her contributions to the development of China’s disaster assessment system of earthquake and the promotion of cooperation and exchanges between China and other countries.(2021年，谢瓦利埃被授予中国政府友谊奖，以表彰她对中国地震灾害评估系统的发展以及中国与其他国家之间合作与交流的促进所作出的贡献。)”可知，她的成就是获得了中国政府友谊奖。故选C。 22．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Chevalier’s choice of China as a research destination was not made by chance. Her research has primarily focused on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. She had also collaborated (合作) with Chinese scientists from the beginning of her master’s program. “When they asked if I wanted to join their team after my post-doctorate, I gladly accepted and have no regrets. My fourteen years in China have provided me with a constant source of fresh personal and professional experiences,” she said, adding that her mother’s interest in Chinese culture contributed to her decision to work in the country.(谢瓦利埃选择中国作为研究目的地并非偶然。她的研究主要集中在青藏高原。她还在硕士课程开始时与中国科学家合作。“当他们问我博士毕业后是否想加入他们的团队时，我欣然接受并毫无悔意。我在中国的14年为我提供了源源不断的新的个人和专业经验，”她说，并补充说，她母亲对中国文化的兴趣促使她决定在该国工作。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是谢瓦利埃为什么将研究基地设在中国。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“For the past 14 years, she has been studying active faults (断层) in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and how they move.(在过去的14年里，她一直在研究青藏高原的活动断层及其运动方式。)”和文章第四段“Chevalier will continue to research active faults in and around Xizang actively and contribute to our understanding of how past climate developed to work towards predicting future climate change, another topic near and dear to her heart. She will accomplish this by conducting field research, sharing her findings with scientific community, teaching students who will become tomorrow’s scientists, and raising awareness among local populations about the risks they may face in their lifetime.(谢瓦利埃将继续积极研究西藏及其周边地区的活动断层，并致力于让我们了解过去的气候是如何发展的，以预测未来的气候变化，这是另一个她非常关心的课题。她将通过开展实地研究、与科学界分享她的发现、培养未来的科学家学生以及提高当地人口稠密地区的民众对其一生中可能面临的风险的认识来实现这一目标。)”可知，她非常专业和致力于她的研究。故选A。 24．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“When people ask her daughter where she is from at four years old, she proudly answers, “China!” Chevalier wants to learn more about the Chinese language and culture, continue to enjoy the happiness of the Chinese people, and look forward to seeing what China achieves next!( 当有人问她四岁的女儿来自哪里时，她自豪地回答：“中国！”谢瓦利埃希望更多地了解中国的语言和文化，继续享受中国人民的幸福，并期待看到中国未来的成就！)”可知，作者提到她希望女儿能更多地了解中国的语言和文化，并期待看到中国未来的发展。这表明她对中国的深厚情感和对中国的认同，因此提到她的女儿是为了强调她与中国的紧密联系。故选C。 （七） (2025届福建省泉州市高三下学期一模) No matter how you feel about it. AI is here. So, which types of jobs are most at risk? What’s the best way to stay relevant? According-to a Goldman Sachs study, most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation and are thus more likely to be complemented (辅助) rather than replaced by AI So, which are the most endangered? Joc Apfelbaum, who teaches how to use AI through his course, says most at risk are jobs that use a process that can be done faster and cheaper with AI like forming products or filing tax returns. Shannan Monson, a founder and educator, says the outlook is not that negative. “We didn’t stop washing our dishes just because the dishwasher was invented. We simply get to do it faster, easier, and with less effort.” Paul Canetti, a professor at Columbia Business School, says that decision-makers and people managers are safe because AI can’t motivate or relate to humans. As AI develops, its application might not be as fast as we think. But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage. Canetti says there is going to be “a long period of transition (过渡期),where you can perform incredibly well at your job by taking advantage of these new tools before the average person does.” Experts agree that distinctly human skills will remain the most valuable. Humans are uniquely qualified there and human-to-human work is going to be hardest to replace. “Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader” Monson says. Apfelbaum argues that it’s not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity. 25．What may be affected most by AI? A．Managing human resources. B．Reporting taxes. C．Making decisions. D．Releasing new products. 26．What might Apfelbaum and Monson agree with? A．We can’t stop AI controlling our life. B．We needn’t overestimate AI’s impact. C．Adopting AI makes humans lazy. D．Employing Al in life is effortless. 27．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．AI’s outlook. B．AI’s development. C．AI’s application. D．AI’s advantage. 28．What is the function of the last paragraph? A．To discuss ways to get relevant to AI. B．To explore human emotions AI affects. C．To present arguments AI has caused D．To exhibit AI’s creativity in workplaces. 【答案】25．B 26．B 27．C 28．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章就AI是否会替代现有的人类的工作进行了探讨，并表明将会有一个较长的过渡期，而那些愿意学习了解AI的人会占得先机。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Joc Apfelbaum, who teaches how to use AI through his course, says most at risk are jobs that use a process that can be done faster and cheaper with AI like forming products or filing tax returns.（通过课程教授如何使用AI的Joc Apfelbaum说，最有风险的是那些可以通过AI更快、更便宜地完成的工作，比如产品成型或报税。）”可知，报税工作最容易受到AI的影响。故选B项。 26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Shannan Monson, a founder and educator, says the outlook is not that negative. “We didn’t stop washing our dishes just because the dishwasher was invented. We simply get to do it faster, easier, and with less effort.”（一位教育家及创始人Shannan Monson表示，前景并没有那么黯淡：“我们没有因为洗碗机的发明就不再洗碗了。只是洗得更快捷、更轻松了。”）”及最后一段中“Apfelbaum argues that it’s not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity.（Apfelbaum表示这不只关于学习新技能，而是人们需要克服恐惧、与自我竞争，这样才能展现出强大的创造力，因为AI是没有激情和人类的创意的）”可知，可知，Apfelbaum和Monson都认为我们不应该高估AI的影响。故选B项。 27．词义猜测题。根据第五段划线it所在句“As AI develops, its application might not be as fast as we think. But those who are well-learned in it quickly are at more of an advantage.（随着AI的发展，其应用可能不会像我们想的那么快。但那些擅长学习它的人会占得先机）”可知，此处衔接上一句，显然指能更快学习、掌握AI应用的人会在未来占得先机。故选C项。 28．推理判断题。总览最后一段，尤其是引述Monson和Apfelbaum的观点““Focus on building your skills as a team player and a team leader” Monson says. Apfelbaum argues that it’s not just about reskilling, but rather people need to get over their fears and get complete with who they are so they can show up with all their creativity since AI does not have passion and real human creativity.（Monson说道：“专注于培养你作为团队协作者和领导者的技能。”Apfelbaum表示这不只关于学习新技能，而是人们需要克服恐惧、与自我竞争，这样才能展现出强大的创造力，因为AI是没有激情和人类的创意的）”可知，在这一总结性的段落，两位专家从不同的角度指出，作为人类在AI的浪潮中应当如何保持自己的优势，从而更好地利用AI。所以最后一段的功能是讨论如何与AI保持相关性。故选A项。 （八） (2025届福建省福州市高三下学期一模) Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4,2024. Much of the ice has likely flowed a great distance to get to this point. The Fram Strait, connecting the Arctic Ocean with the Greenland Sea, serves as the primary route for sea ice out of the Arctic. Along the way, it breaks into smaller pieces and starts to melt in warmer ocean waters. “The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist. The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery. Their gathering forms the smoke- like clouds rising from the water surface. As the summer wears on, ice will continue to be carried out of the Arctic. But in recent years, more of the Arctic Ocean’s sea ice has become too young and thin to make the journey south, noted Angela Bliss, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.“ Historically, when more of the Arctic sea ice would survive the summer melt season, growing thicker and older, a larger volume of sea ice would be transported through the Fram Strait,” she said. Some climate scientists are watching this decreased flow closely. The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide. “Less ice and freshwater transport have big impacts on ocean productivity, as well as warming upper ocean temperatures, in the region,” said Bliss. A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water. 29．What does the NASA image mainly show? A．The length of the coastline. B．The journey to the Arctic. C．A scene of sea ice movement. D．A pattern of the Arctic ice. 30．What does the underlined “wispy” possibly mean? A．Typical. B．Delicate. C．Evident. D．Similar. 31．Why are climate scientists monitoring the reduced flow? A．It affects the balance of global heat. B．It encourages Arctic ocean diversity. C．It leads to the pollution of freshwater. D．It speeds up the “ocean conveyor belt”. 32．What can we know about the changing sea ice in the last paragraph? A．Its theoretical basis. B．Its economic promise. C．Its impact on the Fram Strait. D．Its link with climate system. 【答案】29．C 30．B 31．A 32．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了海冰运动与气候的关系。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Floating pieces of Arctic sea ice rolled into complicated patterns as ocean currents carried them south along Greenland’s east coast in spring 2024. The MODIS (光谱仪) on NASA’s Terra satellite seized a moment of this dizzying journey on June 4, 2024.”（2024年春天，随着洋流沿着格陵兰岛东海岸向南移动，漂浮的北极海冰翻滚成复杂的图案。2024年6月4日，美国宇航局Terra卫星上的MODIS捕捉到了这段令人眼花缭乱的旅程。）可知，NASA的图像主要展示了海冰运动的场景。故选C。 30．词句猜测题。根据上文“The smaller the floating ice, the more ‘wispy’ the patterns”可知，海冰越小，图案越“wispy”，结合下文“The small ice pieces may only be meters across — too small to distinguish in MODIS imagery.”（这些小冰块可能只有几米宽——太小了，在MODIS图像中无法分辨。）可知，海冰小到在图像中难以辨别，因此“wispy”可能是指“细微的、纤细的”。故选B。 31．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The movement of sea ice and freshwater out of the Arctic is a component of ocean circulation (洋流) patterns that distribute heat around the planet. The “global ocean conveyor belt” transports cold water south and warm water north, contributing to climate conditions worldwide.”（海冰和淡水从北极流出是海洋环流模式的一个组成部分，而海洋环流模式在全球范围内分配热量。“全球海洋传送带”向南输送冷水，向北输送暖水，影响了全球气候条件）可知，气候科学家监测减少的海冰流动是因为它影响全球热量的平衡。故选A。 32．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A 2023 study looking at two decades of related observations found that the East Greenland Current is moving less sea ice through the Fram Strait, primarily due to sea ice thinning. The researchers observed that summertime surface water temperatures off Greenland have risen, in part due to the increased presence of heat- absorbing open water.”（2023年的一项研究对20年的相关观察结果进行了分析，发现东格陵兰洋流通过弗拉姆海峡的海冰减少了，这主要是由于海冰变薄。研究人员观察到，格陵兰岛夏季的地表水温已经上升，部分原因是吸收热量的开阔水域的增加。）可知，海冰变化与气候系统有关。故选D。 （九） (福建省泉州市泉港区第二中学高三下学期一模) Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA． As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 33．What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A．The influence of his family. B．Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C．The demand of the football team. D．His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 34．Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A．To gain Kenya’s support. B．To set an example for others. C．To catch Arsenal’s attention. D．To show his achievements. 35．What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A．Promoting football’s development. B．Going global with the help of FIFA． C．Beating climate change completely. D．Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 36．What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A．Fame is a great thirst of the young. B．A youth is to be regarded with respect. C．Positive thinking and action result in success. D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 【答案】33．A 34．B 35．B 36．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。 （十） (福建省福州延安中学高三下学期一模) Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret, an Olympic gold medalist and eight-time world champion. Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect. Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself, she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport. I also want to win, but I’m a strong believer that you can do climbing, or any sport, in a healthy way. Luckily I didn’t fall into this trap.” She says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) — a syndrome (综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate (补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives. Left untreated, medical experts say REDs can damage an athlete’s bone health, immune system, and psychological health, as well as his athletic performance. 37．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to? A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. 38．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform? A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. 39．What may lead to REDs according to the text? A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over-exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. 40．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with REDs D．Warning against Cultural Trap in Climbing 【答案】37．B 38．B 39．C 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了奥运金牌得主和八次世界冠军Janja Garnbret如何利用自己的影响力，通过社交平台发文，提醒人们关注攀岩运动中存在的“文化陷阱”，即过度追求瘦身，导致饮食失调的问题。 37．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders”（ 在攀登到这项运动的顶峰之后，这位斯洛文尼亚人现在正在利用她的平台来提高人们对攀岩“文化陷阱”的认识。她说，这导致了普遍存在的饮食失调问题）以及第二段“ The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster. Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals, she says, sometimes to disastrous effect.”（问题来自于一个过时的观念，即体重越轻，攀岩速度越快。这种心态造成了一种状况，年轻的运动员开始减少或者跳过饭食，她说，有时候这会产生灾难性的效果。）可知，文化陷阱指的是过度追求瘦身的观念。故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I was trying hard to help them get out of it, but it didn’t work. It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves, mentally and physically.”It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders. ”（我努力帮助他们摆脱这个问题，但是没有成功。看到他们在精神和身体上自我摧毁，我感到非常难过。正是这样的经历激发了Gambret于2023年7月在社交平台上发布了一条关于饮食失调的信息。）可知，Garnbret发文是因为她尝试帮助那些陷入饮食失调的人，但是没有成功。故选B。 39．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In her message, Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)—a syndrome(综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance, often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate(补偿) for the energy they consume in training, racing and their daily lives.”（在她的信息中，Garnbret谈到运动中的相对能量缺乏症（REDs）是一种综合症，当任何性别的人为了提高他们的运动表现，长时间过度训练和/或饮食不足，常常不知道他们在训练、比赛和日常生活中消耗的能量未能得到补偿的危险。）可知，长时间过度训练可能导致REDs。故选C。 40．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段 “Having risen to the top of the sport, the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing. She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders”（ 在攀登到这项运动的顶峰之后，这位斯洛文尼亚人现在正在利用她的平台来提高人们对攀岩“文化陷阱”的认识。她说，这导致了普遍存在的饮食失调问题）可知，文章主要讲述了Janja Garnbret如何利用自己的影响力，通过社交平台发文，提醒人们关注攀岩运动中的“文化陷阱”，即过度追求瘦身，导致饮食失调的问题。因此，D选项“攀登时警惕文化陷阱”。故选D。 （十一） （福建名校联盟高三下学期一模) I joined the coast guard because I wanted to help people. Hovercraft (气垫船) are rare and special. They’ve been discontinued in most commercial operation, because they are so expensive to make, but when it comes to search and rescue, they’re priceless. From far away, a hovercraft looks like a normal boat. But if you look under its skirt, the craft is not touching the water — it floats on a cushion of air. That cushion allows us to travel over everything from water to muddy land — and even break through ice. We do all of that as a 70-tonne machine, going a maximum of nearly 120 kilometers per hour. These features allow us to rescue a large number of people quickly get onto land, and get someone into an ambulance far easier than with any other device I can think of. The advantages of hovercraft can also make them difficult to handle. We’ve got a massive vehicle moving fast, sometimes in a thick fog bank up a narrow river. During assignments on other coast guard ships, I had 20 minutes to make alterations to avoid a crash. In a hovercraft, I have 10 seconds. You have to have enough situational awareness to make the right decision every time. People call us for all sorts of problems: missing divers, on-board fires, or even when they’ve run out of fuel or had a mechanical breakdown. A container ship could burst into flames. We have a strong network here at the base to help everyone through difficult situations like that. Thankfully, we have captains who train us in a safe environment, but you don’t ever get fully comfortable. Anything can throw the hovercraft off — maybe your lift settings are off a little, or the wind blows with a bit of extra weight. After several years operating a hovercraft, I’m still learning. Every one of the captains here agrees: you can drive this thing for 20 years and still be surprised. 41．What makes hovercraft unsuitable for commercial use? A．Their safety risks. B．Their poor durability. C．Their low efficiency. D．Their production costs. 42．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How a hovercraft works. B．What comprises a hovercraft. C．What distinguishes a hovercraft. D．How a hovercraft helps victims. 43．What challenge do hovercraft pose to the pilot? A．They have to make faster responses. B．They often face mechanical breakdowns. C．They need more people for decision making. D．They must consider the environmental concerns. 44．What does the author think of operating a hovercraft? A．Dull. B．Demanding. C．Enjoyable. D．Effortless. 【答案】41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者在海岸警卫队使用气垫船的体验。 41．细节理解题。由文章第一段“They’ve been discontinued in most commercial operation, because they are so expensive to make, but when it comes to search and rescue, they’re priceless.(它们在大多数商业运营中都已停产，因为它们的制造成本太高，但在搜救方面，它们是无价的。)”可知，气垫船的生产成本使气垫船不适合商业使用。故选D项。 42．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“From far away, a hovercraft looks like a normal boat. But if you look under its skirt, the craft is not touching the water — it floats on a cushion of air. That cushion allows us to travel over everything from water to muddy land — and even break through ice. We do all of that as a 70-tonne machine, going a maximum of nearly 120 kilometers per hour.(从远处看，气垫船就像一艘普通的船。但如果你从它的裙子下面看，这艘船并没有碰到水——它漂浮在气垫上。这种缓冲垫可以让我们穿越从水到泥泞的土地的一切，甚至可以破冰。我们完成所有这些工作正如一台70吨重的机器那样，最高时速接近120公里。)”以及后文可知，本段主要介绍气垫船的与众不同之处。故选C项。 43．推理判断题。由文章第三段“During assignments on other coast guard ships, I had 20 minutes to make alterations to avoid a crash. In a hovercraft, I have 10 seconds. You have to have enough situational awareness to make the right decision every time.(在其它海岸警卫队船只上执行任务时，我有20分钟的时间进行改变航线，以避免发生撞击事故。在气垫船上，我有10秒的时间。你必须有足够的情境意识，才能每次都做出正确的决定。)”可知，气垫船驾驶员必须做出更快的反应。故选A项。 44．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Anything can throw the hovercraft off — maybe your lift settings are off a little, or the wind blows with a bit of extra weight. After several years operating a hovercraft, I’m still learning. Every one of the captains here agrees: you can drive this thing for 20 years and still be surprised.(任何事情都可能使气垫船偏离——也许你的升力设置有点偏离，或者风吹得有点重。在操作气垫船几年后，我仍在学习。这里的每一位队长都同意：你可以驾驶这辆车20年，但仍然会感到惊讶。)”可知，作者认为操作气垫船是要求很高的。故选B项。 （十二） (福建省部分地市下学期一模) My plan to learn to play the cello (大提琴) was a health y choice. So I took the next innocent step of going to a shop that sells and rents string instruments, especially violins, violas, and cellos. The place was a hole-in-the-wall, up a steep flight of stairs. Instruments left a narrow path to the counter where a woman with grey hair and warm eyes greeted me. Since I couldn’t form a question about what I wanted, I just stood there exploring the scene, which felt immensely pleasurable. I rented a cello, a bow, and a case to hold them. What attracted me to the cello was its enormous size and its soft, smooth, and memorable sounds. It’s an instrument made of beautifully polished wood that I could wrap my arms around and feel its powerful vibrations when the strings were played. That was a good starting point for me. The only problem was that I didn’t know how to play it. There’s a popular belief that the cello is a particularly difficult instrument to learn. Another is the admonition, “Don’t bother if you are a beginner over age 10!” Well, I was 70, and what others thought no longer influenced me. And besides, I thought of the words of Dr. Cohen, who suggested that learning causes physical changes in the brain. So I found a teacher who had respect for older adult beginners and I practiced diligently, daily for years, and sometimes disheartened, but I kept up. I’m happy to report that now, more than a decade later, I can hold my own in a string trio and two quartets （two violins, a viola, and me, the female cello）and even a senior community band. Of course, I’ll never sound like Yo-Yo Ma but you could recognize a Mozart piece if you heard me play it. And, more importantly, I don’t need to please anyone but myself. Whether it’s a pleasurable pastime or a new career, the starting point is the same: wonder, curiosity, determination, and the desire to keep your brain sharp. 45．How did the writer feel in the shop? A．Amused by the shop assistant. B．Anxious for a live performance. C．Pleased at the nice music atmosphere. D．Curious about where to find a teacher. 46．What does the underlined word “admonition” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Approval. B．Criticism. C．Puzzlement. D．Warning. 47．Why does the writer mention Dr. Cohen in paragraph 3? A．To recommend a reliable doctor. B．To provide proof for common belief. C．To add another reason for her decision. D．To stress the crucial function of the brain. 48．Which of the following can best convey the writer’s idea? A．Art is man’s second nature. B．One is never too old to learn. C．Education is the key to success. D．Happiness is the best form of health. 【答案】45．C 46．D 47．C 48．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。它讲述了一个人如何开始学习大提琴的经历，从对乐器的吸引，到面临困难和质疑，再到坚持学习并取得一定的成果。 45．推理判断题。根据第一段“Since I couldn’t form a question about what I wanted, I just stood there exploring the scene, which felt immensely pleasurable.(因为我不知道我想要什么，我只是站在那里探索场景，这让我感到非常愉快)”可以推知，作者对商店里的音乐氛围感到满意。故选C项。 46．词句猜测题。根据前文“There’s a popular belief that the cello is a particularly difficult instrument to learn.(人们普遍认为大提琴是一种特别难学的乐器)”以及后文“Don’t bother if you are a beginner over age 10!(如果你是一个10岁以上的初学者，那就别费心了！)”可知，这是在给出一种警告，因此推知“admonition”的意思是“警告”，和D项意思相近。故选D项。 47．推理判断题。根据第三段“Well, I was 70, and what others thought no longer influenced me. And besides, I thought of the words of Dr. Cohen, who suggested that learning causes physical changes in the brain.(好吧，我70岁了，别人的想法不再影响我。此外，我想起了科恩博士的话，他认为学习会导致大脑的生理变化)”可以推知，作者提到Dr. Cohen是为了为自己的决定再添加一个理由，即学习大提琴有益于大脑健康。故选C项。 48．主旨大意题。根据第三段“There’s a popular belief that the cello is a particularly difficult instrument to learn. Another is the admonition, “Don’t bother if you are a beginner over age 10!” Well, I was 70, and what others thought no longer influenced me. And besides, I thought of the words of Dr. Cohen, who suggested that learning causes physical changes in the brain.(有一种流行的观点认为，大提琴是一种特别难学的乐器。还有一种告诫是：“如果你是一个10岁以上的初学者，那就别费心了！”不过，我当时已经70岁了，别人的想法再也无法影响我。而且，我想到了科恩博士的话，他提出学习会引起大脑的物理变化)”以及最后一段“Whether it’s a pleasurable pastime or a new career, the starting point is the same: wonder, curiosity, determination, and the desire to keep your brain sharp.(无论是一种愉快的消遣还是一份新的职业，出发点都是一样的：惊奇、好奇、决心和保持大脑敏锐的愿望)”可知，作者的主要想法是：年龄并不是学习新事物的限制，只要有好奇心、决心和坚持，人们可以在任何时候开始学习新的技能并取得成就。这与“活到老，学到老”的谚语相呼应，强调了终身学习的重要性。故选B项。 （十三） (福建省部分地市校一模) In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market. Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman. “My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.” There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’” Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families. 49．Why did Handler create Barbie? A．To make a hit in the retail market. B．To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits. C．To do a project on women’s career choices. D．To inspire girls to make choices as they wish. 50．How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie? A．Sad yet comforted. B．Envious yet proud. C．Overwhelmed and ashamed. D．Heartbroken and regretful. 51．What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family? A．A reliable emotional support. B．A glue for broken relationships. C．An effective practical treatment. D．A secret medium of negotiation. 52．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A medical journal. B．A charity brochure. C．A financial report. D．A story collection. 【答案】49．D 50．A 51．A 52．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩的帮助。 49．推理判断题。根据第二段的“She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. (她想要一个女孩们可以投射未来梦想的娃娃，并允许无限的服装和职业选择)”和第三段的“the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.(通过这个娃娃，小女孩可以成为任何她想成为的人。芭比娃娃一直代表着女性拥有选择权的事实)”可推知， Handler创造Barbie的目的是让激励女孩根据自己的意愿做出选择。故选D。 50．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’”(“送给我患癌症的女儿一个芭比娃娃真是太棒了，”癌症幸存者米歇尔说，“给我的女儿一个患了癌症的芭比娃娃是一件非常美妙的事情。我们会一起玩那个芭比娃娃，我心碎地看着她假装带着芭比娃娃去医院化疗，或者把它的长假发戴在它的头上，告诉它‘是时候变漂亮了’”)”可推知，Michelle看到女儿和Brave Barbie一起感到欣慰的同时也很难过。故选A。 51．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families.(秃头芭比总是战胜癌症，并继续与她的家人过着漫长而幸福的生活。芭比娃娃不仅仅是一个塑料娃娃——她是一个沟通的工具，也是一个在小家庭极度痛苦时期的应对机制)”可推知，Brave Barbie对于米歇尔一家而言是可靠的情感支持，帮助女儿和这个家庭应对极度痛苦的阶段。故选A。 52．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩和其家庭的帮助。由此推知，本文很有可能来自一本故事集。故选D。 （十四） (福建省泉州市一模) Thomas Hardy was born at Higher Bockhampton, Dorset, on June 2, 1840, where his father worked as a builder. From his father he gained an appreciation of music, and from his mother an appetite for learning and the delights of the countryside about his rural home. Due to his poor health, Hardy did not start school until he was eight. At 16, Hardy helped his father with architectural drawings and then started to work for architects. Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were rejected by publishers. In 1870, he was sent to work in Cornwall. There he met his future wife Emma Gifford, who encouraged him in his writing. Hardy published his first novel Desperate Remedies in 1871, to universal disinterest. But the following year Under the Greenwood Tree brought Hardy popular praise for the first time. As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset into the plot, including the village school that Hardy attended. After Under the Greenwood Tree came a serialized novel A Pair of Blue Eves. Once more Hardy drew upon real life, and the novel mirrors his romance with Emma. Hardy followed this with Far From the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally netted Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing. The Hardys lived in London for a short time, then in Yeovil, then in Sturminster Newton, which Hardy described as “idyllic (田园诗般的)”. It was at Sturminster Newton that he penned Return of the Native, one of his most enduring (持久的) works. In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlander, a story concerning an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set primarily in the English countryside during the 19th century. Tess excited interest, but his next work, Jude the Obscure (1896), threw Hardy into a storm of controversy (争议), which made him turn away from fiction and focused on poetry for the rest of his life. 53．What do we know about Hardy? A．He was into drawing as a young man. B．He got fame at first attempt of writing. C．His writing career started with poems. D．His wife Emma shared his interest. 54．What does the underlined word “incorporated” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Integrated. B．Changed. C．Developed. D．Forced. 55．After which novel was Hardy fully devoted to writing? A．A Pair of Blue Eyes. B．Far From the Madding Crowd. C．Tess of the d’Urbervilles. D．Jude the Obscure. 56．What is the common element in most of Hardy’s novels? A．Campus life. B．Life in London. C．Marriage life. D．Life in the countryside. 【答案】53．C 54．A 55．B 56．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名文学家托马斯·哈代的生平经历。 53．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Later he moved to London and began writing poems, but his works were rejected by publishers.(后来他搬到伦敦，开始写诗，但他的作品被出版商拒绝。)”可知，哈代的写作生涯是从诗歌开始的。故选C。 54．词句猜测题。根据第三段第三句中的“real places around Dorset into the plot(……多塞特郡的真实场景进入情节)”可知，此处是指在小说中把多塞特郡周围的真实场景融入了情节，所以incorporated意为“包含，合并”。故选A。 55．细节理解题。根据第四段“Hardy followed this with Far From the Madding Crowd, set in Puddletown, near his birthplace. This novel finally netted Hardy the success that enabled him to give up his architectural practice and concentrate only on writing.(哈代接着写了《远离喧嚣》，故事发生在他出生地附近的普德镇。这部小说最终为哈代赢得了成功，使他能够放弃建筑实践，只专注于写作。)”可知，在《远离喧嚣》后哈代全身心投入到写作当中。故选B。 56．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“As with most of his fictional works, this novel incorporated real places around Dorset into the plot, including the village school that Hardy attended.(与他的大多数虚构作品一样，这部小说将多塞特郡周围的真实地方融入了情节，包括哈代就读的乡村学校。)”和第六段“In 1887, Hardy published The Woodlander, a story concerning an honest woodsman in a small village. Then in 1891 one of his best works, Tess of the d’Urbervilles, came out, which was set primarily in the English countryside during the 19th century.(1887年，哈代出版了《樵夫》，讲述了一个小村庄里一个诚实的樵夫的故事。1891年，他最好的作品之一《德伯家的苔丝》问世了，故事主要发生在19世纪的英国乡村。)”可知，哈代大部分小说的常见元素是乡村生活。故选D。 1 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$