UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练四（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·广东佛山开学考试)The Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge is the first large­scale sea crossing transportation project under China's “One Country, Two Systems” policy.Jointly constructed by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the bridge is a mega sea crossing system linking Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao. The Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge is the longest, most difficult to construct, and the highest­standard cross­sea transportation project in China's history.It is regarded as the “Qomolangma” of the bridge industry.The bridge is also part of the C4 Beijing­Hong Kong­Macao Expressway and G94 Pearl River Delta Ring Expressway within China's national expressway network. The Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge starts at Lantau Island in Hong Kong, passes through Tai O, crosses the Pearl River Estuary(河口), and its Y­shaped section at the end connects Zhuhai and Macao.The total length of the bridge is 55 km.Its sea section is around 35.578 km long while its underwater tunnel stretches 6.75 km.The construction cost of the bridge exceeded 100 billion yuan.It was jointly funded by the central government and the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, which will collect tolls on the bridge for 50 years. There were many updated technologies in the construction and installation of the Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge.The project also made multiple breakthroughs in infrastructure(基础设施) construction in which the government cooperated with domestic and foreign companies.These experiences will be useful for the Chinese government in the construction of future large­scale engineering projects. As China continues to advance the Belt and Road Initiative, the Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge will offer new force to the economy of the region.The bridge will increase the attractiveness and influence of Zhuhai, promote the cooperation of Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao in logistics, tourism, and other industries, and drive the economic and social integration of Hong Kong, Macao, and Zhuhai.It will also help strengthen the ties between the three places and facilitate the development of the Guangdong­Hong Kong­Macao Greater Bay Area, which is strategically important to the Belt and Road Initiative. 1.What is the meaning of the underlined word “mega” in paragraph 1? A.diverse B.great C.broad D.rare 2.Why is “Qomolangma” mentioned in paragraph 2? A.It shows the bridge is very famous in the world. B.It indicates the bridge is very high above the sea. C.It suggests the difficulties in constructing the bridge. D.It stresses its importance in the national development. 3.What is the significance of the Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge? A.It has the longest underwater part of the bridge in the world. B.It strengthens the development and bond of these three places. C.It has helped the government earn over 100 billion yuan so far. D.It is the only one of the large­scale engineering projects by China. [二次精读] 重点单词 jointly/'dʒɔɪntli/ adv.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　共同地；连带地 stretch/stretʃ/ v. (空间上)延伸 exceed/ɪk'siːd/ vt. 超过，超出 installation/ˌɪnstə'leɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 安装，设置；装置 重点短语 be regarded as 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　被视为 make multiple breakthroughs in 在……取得多项突破 词块积累 the first large­scale sea crossing transportation project首个大型跨海运输工程 One Country, Two Systems 一国两制 collect tolls on the bridge 在桥上收过路费 长难句分析 The project also made multiple breakthroughs in infrastructure(基础设施) construction in which the government cooperated with domestic and foreign companies. 该项目还在政府与国内外企业合作的基础设施建设方面取得了多项突破。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。in which是介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词infrastructure construction，并在从句中作状语。 B (2024·陕西宝鸡阶段练习)A famously strange statue in the city of Oxford, England recently received official protection as a historic landmark.But, Magnus Hanson­Heine, the son of the man who built the artwork, is not happy about the special recognition. The statue is a 7.6­metre­tall model of a shark.The strange part is in the statue's positioning up on the top of the Hanson­Heine house.It appears from the street as if the huge fish dove straight through the home's roof.Magnus Hanson­Heine's father, Bill Heine, put up the sculpture in 1986 as a protest against war and nuclear weapons.He worked on the art programme with his friend, sculptor John Buckley. Bill Heine was an American who studied law at the University of Oxford and made the town his home.He got the idea for the sculpture after he heard American warplanes fly over his house one night in April 1986.The next morning, he learned that the planes had been on their way to bomb Tripoli, Libya. The men exhibited the sculpture on August 9 to mark the 41st anniversary of the atomic bomb attack on Hiroshima, Japan.“The image of a shark crashing through the home captured the shock the common people must feel when bombs crash into their homes，” Magnus Hanson­Heine said. Magnus Hanson­Heine calls the local government's declaration about the sculpture funny.His father, he explained, never sought nor accepted permission to put up the shark.“In fact, he strongly believed，” his son said, “that the government should not decide what art the public should see.” And，Hanson­Heine noted, the same local council that has declared the shark historic and protected, had spent years seeking its removal. “The shark's anti­war message is just as important today，” Hanson­Heine said.“While that message is serious, the strange sculpture that rises over the otherwise normal street brings some fun and laughter as well.” 4.Why did Bill Heine build the artwork? A.To beautify his own house. B.To cause some fun and laughter. C.To fight against war and nuclear weapons. D.To mark the atomic bomb attack on Hiroshima, Japan. 5.What do we know about Bill Heine? A.He was from America. B.He made the lawyer his profession. C.It took him nearly half a year to finish the statue. D.His attempt to place the shark on the roof was once refused. 6.Why was Hanson­Heine dissatisfied with the local government? A.The government didn't allow his father to keep sharks. B.The local government had been trying to remove the artwork. C.The government did not discuss it with him before making the decision. D.The artwork was extremely common and did not need government protection., 7.Which is the best description of the sculpture? A.It is a 6.7­metre­tall shark model. B.It was put up by Magnus Hanson­Heine and his father. C.It was inspired by the sharks raised by Magnus Hanson­Heine's father. D.The image caught people's shock when bombs hit their homes. [二次精读] 重点单词 recognition/ˌrekəɡ'nɪʃn/ n.　　　　　　　　 　　认出，识别 position/pə'zɪʃ(ə)n/ vt. 使处于；为……定位 bomb/bɒm/ v. 轰炸，炸毁 declaration/ˌdeklə'reɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 公告，宣告 permission/pə'mɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 同意，许可 重点短语 as if　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　好像，仿佛 put up 建造，竖立 as well 也；同样地 词块积累 dive straight through the home's roof　　　　 　直接从屋顶跳下去 a protest against war and nuclear weapons 反对战争和核武器的抗议 长难句分析 While that message is serious，the strange sculpture that rises over the otherwise normal street brings some fun and laughter as well. 虽然这个信息很严肃，但这个奇怪的雕塑矗立在正常的街道上，也给人们带来了一些乐趣和笑声。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the strange sculpture。 C (2024·福建福州期中)Did you ever want to see Big Ben, Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey in 15 minutes? Then BA London Eye is the one for you. British Airways London Eye, formerly called as the Millennium Wheel，is situated on the south bank of the River Thames on the Jubilee Gardens.It is situated between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Footbridge in Lambeth and adjacent to Old Country Building.It stands opposite to Houses of Parliament. It started with a vision of Architect couple David Marks and Julia Barfields, who had competed for millennium ideas contest conducted by Sunday Times, a British newspaper in 1993 to welcome year 2000 splendidly.Regrettably, the contest was scrapped, but the couple persisted with their dream project by forming a company for this undertaking, eventually grabbing the attention of Evening Standard, another British newspaper.British Airways, after noticing this widely publicized article, agreed to fund, foreseeing the vital contribution of this project to London's skyline and its tourism, giving a spectacular view of this fascinating city that was otherwise not visible to the Londoners. The entire construction resembles a giant cycle wheel, with a diameter of 135m (443ft) and weighing 1，700 tons of steel and 2，000 tons at the foundation reaching almost 30m deep! It is the largest observation wheel built so far, making even Statue of Liberty, Big Ben, St.Paul's Cathedral, look up to it.It is the 4th highest structure in London.Canary Wharf Towers, BT Tower and Tower 42 are the higher three. The whole structure was designed in parts in various countries, later fully assembled on Thames bank.With the dedication of 1，700 workers, this structure was realized in 16 months, just in time to welcome the millennium.Tony Blair inaugurated (为……举行开幕式) it on December 31st, 1999 and a minor safety concern regarding clutching delayed its opening to public, which finally happened 3 months behind the schedule in March 2000. 8.British Airways London Eye was founded by________. A.Evening Standard B.Sunday Times C.David Marks and Julia Barfields D.British Airways 9.We can learn from the third paragraph that David Marks and Julia Barfields________. A.asked for another newspaper for help B.won the first prize in millennium ideas contest C.had wanted to complete their dream project on their own D.would have given up their idea without British Airways 10.British Airways London Eye is higher than________. A.Big Ben B.Canary Wharf Towers C.BT Tower D.Tower 42 11.Why was the public opening of British Airways London Eye delayed? A.The structure wasn't completed in time. B.The structure was designed in different countries. C.Something wrong happened at the last moment. D.People were not completely sure about its safety. [二次精读] 重点单词 regrettably/rɪ'ɡretəbli/ adv.　　　　　　 　遗憾地 scrap/skræp/ v. 放弃，抛弃(计划、体系) persist/pə'sɪst/ vt. 持续；坚持 publicized/'pʌblɪsaɪzd/ adj. 已发布的 spectacular/spek'tækjələ(r)/ adj. 壮观的，令人惊叹的 resemble/rɪ'zemb(ə)l/ vt. 像，与……相似 dedication/ˌdedɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 献身，奉献 重点短语 be situated on 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　处于；坐落于 visible to... 对……可见 look up to 仰望 in time 及时地 词块积累 adjacent to...　 　　　　　　　　 　 　　　与……比邻 stand opposite to... 在……对面 grab the attention of... 吸引……的注意 behind the schedule 落后于预定计划 长难句分析 It started with a vision of Architect couple David Marks and Julia Barfields, who had competed for millennium ideas contest conducted by Sunday Times, a British newspaper in 1993 to welcome year 2000 splendidly. 它始于建筑师夫妇David Marks和Julia Barfields的设想，他们参加了1993年由英国《星期日泰晤士报》举办的千禧年创意大赛，以迎接2000年的到来。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Architect couple，并在从句中作主语，conducted by Sunday Times是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰contest，a British newspaper是Sunday Times的同位语。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Venice is regarded as the most romantic city of the world.It's a __1__ that I always wanted to hold in my arms.Venice is most __2__ in autumn with the sparkling (闪烁的) colors of glassy arts and crafts.More than that, a __3__ can indulge in (尽情享受) the floating and happy feeling in Venice. When we first walked out of Santa Lucia station, my friend and I smiled because we then__4__ the reason why people can't deny the __5__ of Venice.In the light sunshine of autumn, Venice was so fantastic with the blue colors of the Grand Canal, the __6__ of luggage (行李) being pulled by visitors chatting with each other, and of course the smell of __7__ in neighboring restaurants that have been __8__ guests for ages. We__9__ traveled around the Grand Canal by vaporetti (水上巴士).Passing bridges and some small squares, we arrived at Osteria Al Portego Restaurant to enjoy a __10__ of special dishes, including sarde in saor and baccalà alla vicentina.The dishes were __11__ cooked following recipes dating right back to the 17th and 18th centuries! Since Italy is __12__ for pizza, spaghetti, pasta and lasagna (千层面) worldwide, we tried to taste other dishes to truly __13__ the local cuisine. After lunch, we decided to explore Venice in our own way without a map.We__14__ narrow streets, crossed big and small squares and viewed remarkable structures throughout the city.They all appeared so charming that __15__ traveler would remark on the city's beauty. 1.A.destination B.chance C.tool D.way 2.A.expensive B.romantic C.simple D.important 3.A.reporter B.master C.visitor D.dealer 4.A.understood B.remembered C.questioned D.explained 5.A.shape B.origin C.beauty D.history 6.A.voices B.alarm C.rings D.sound 7.A.money B.herbs C.foods D.smoke 8.A.selecting B.attracting C.offering D.recording 9.A.then B.still C.rather D.already 10.A.party B.lunch C.breakfast D.picnic 11.A.immediately B.probably C.specially D.gradually 12.A.famous B.essential C.easy D.available 13.A.protect B.introduce C.examine D.experience 14.A.stretched B.cleaned C.searched D.followed 15.A.no B.few C.any D.another 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ [读与练·阅读限时训练四] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章对港珠澳大桥做了简要介绍。 1.B　词句猜测题。根据第一段第一句“港珠澳大桥是中国‘一国两制’政策下的首个大型跨海交通项目。”可知，这座桥是一座规模巨大的桥，画线词的含义应为“宏大”。A.diverse不同的；B.great巨大的；C.broad宽的；D.rare罕见的。分析四个选项，可知B项“great巨大的”符合语境，故选B。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“港珠澳大桥是中国历史上最长、施工难度最大、标准最高的跨海交通工程。它被视为桥梁行业的‘珠穆朗玛峰’”可知，第二段中提到珠穆朗玛峰的目的是说明建造这座桥的困难，故选C。 3.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“这也将有助于加强三地之间的联系，促进粤港澳大湾区的发展，这对‘一带一路’倡议具有重要的战略意义”可知，港珠澳大桥的意义是它加强了香港、珠海和澳门这三个地方的发展和联系。故选B。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国牛津城外的汉森­海涅住宅因其屋顶矗立着一座用头撞破屋顶的鲨鱼雕塑而成为著名的历史地标建筑。最近它又因被市议会认定为对社区有“特殊贡献”的文化遗产而成为受保护地标。 4.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“马格努斯·汉森­海涅的父亲比尔·海涅在1986年树立了这座雕塑，作为对战争和核武器的抗议”可知，这座雕塑制作的目的是抗议战争和核武器。故选C。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第三段“Bill Heine was an American who studied law at the University of Oxford and made the town his home.”可知，比尔·海涅是一个美国人，他曾在牛津大学学习法律，并把家安在了这个镇上，但是语篇中没有提及他的职业，不能确定他是否为律师，但可以确定他来自美国。故选A。 6.B　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“汉森­海涅指出，宣布这条鲨鱼具有历史意义并受到保护的地方议会，多年来一直在设法将其清除”可推知，这是汉森­海涅对当地政府不满的原因之一。故选B。 7.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“‘鲨鱼冲进房子的画面捕捉到了普通人在炸弹袭击他们的房子时所感受到的震惊，’马格努斯·汉森­海涅说”可推知，马格努斯·汉森­海涅认为鲨鱼冲进房屋的画面能够让普通百姓体会到炸弹砸进他们家时的震惊感受。故选D。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国的地标性建筑——伦敦眼。 8.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“英国航空公司在注意到这篇广为宣传的文章后，同意出资，预见了该项目对伦敦天际线和旅游业的重要贡献，为伦敦人提供了这个迷人城市的壮观景色，否则伦敦人是看不到的”可知，伦敦眼是由英国航空公司出资建造的。故D项正确。 9.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“遗憾的是，比赛被取消了，但这对夫妇坚持他们的梦想，成立了一家公司来从事这项事业，最终引起了另一家英国报纸《旗帜晚报》的注意。”可知，大卫·马克斯和朱莉娅·巴菲尔德夫妇曾一度想独自完成他们梦想的项目。故C项正确。 10.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二三句“伦敦眼是迄今为止建造的最大的观景轮，甚至连自由女神像、大本钟、圣保罗大教堂都仰慕它，它是伦敦第四高的建筑。只有金丝雀码头塔、英国电信塔和42号塔比它高”可知，伦敦眼比大本钟要高。故A项正确。 11.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“托尼·布莱尔于1999年12月31日为它举行了落成典礼，但由于安全问题，推迟了它对公众开放，最终于2000年3月对公众开放，比原计划晚了3个月”可知，由于担心安全问题，推迟了伦敦眼对公众开放的时间。故D项正确。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友在秋天的时候参观威尼斯，品尝了当地美食，参观了整个城市引人注目的建筑。 1.A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个我一直向往的目的地。A.destination目的地；B.chance机会；C.tool工具；D.way方法。根据上文“Venice is regarded as the most romantic city of the world.(威尼斯被认为是世界上最浪漫的城市)”可知，此处指威尼斯是作者向往的目的地。故选A。 2.B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：秋天的威尼斯最浪漫，玻璃工艺品的色彩闪闪发光。A.expensive昂贵的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.simple简单的；D.important重要的。呼应上文“Venice is regarded as the most romantic city of the world.(威尼斯被认为是世界上最浪漫的城市)”指秋天的威尼斯最浪漫。故选B。 3.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，游客还可以沉浸在威尼斯漂浮和快乐的感觉中。A.reporter记者；B.master主人；C.visitor游客；D.dealer商人。根据后文“traveled around the Grand Canal by vaporetti”可知，作者是站在游客的角度描述去威尼斯的感受的，故选C。 4.A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们第一次走出圣卢西亚车站时，我和我的朋友笑了，因为我们明白了为什么人们无法否认威尼斯的美丽。A.understood理解；B.remembered记得；C.questioned质疑；D.explained解释。根据后文“the reason why people can't deny the”可知，作者身临其境之后，才明白了为什么人们无法否认威尼斯的美丽。故选A。 5.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们第一次走出圣卢西亚车站时，我和我的朋友笑了，因为我们明白了为什么人们无法否认威尼斯的美丽。A.shape外形；B.origin起源；C.beauty美丽；D.history历史。根据上文“in autumn with the sparkling colors of glassy arts and crafts”可知，秋天的威尼斯是美丽的，故选C。 6.D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在秋天的阳光下，威尼斯是如此美妙，大运河的蓝色，互相聊天的游客拉着行李，当然还有附近餐馆里吸引客人多年的食物气味。A.voices嗓音；B.alarm警告；C.rings吊环；D.sound声音。根据后文的描述“luggage being pulled by visitors chatting with each other(互相聊天的游客拉着行李)”可知是听到的声音，故选D。 7.C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在秋天的阳光下，威尼斯是如此美妙，大运河的蓝色，互相聊天的游客拉着行李的声音，当然还有附近餐馆里吸引客人多年的食物气味。A.money钱；B.herbs草药；C.foods食物；D.smoke烟。根据后文“in neighboring restaurants”可知餐厅发出的是食物的气味，故选C。 8.B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在秋天的阳光下，威尼斯是如此美妙，大运河的蓝色，互相聊天的游客拉着行李的声音，当然还有附近餐馆里吸引客人多年的食物气味。A.selecting选择；B.attracting吸引；C.offering提供；D.recording记录。根据上文“the smell of foods in neighboring restaurants that have been”可知，餐厅里发出的食物的气味吸引着客人光顾，故选B。 9.A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我们乘汽艇环游大运河。A.then然后；B.still仍然；C.rather相当；D.already已经。根据上文“When we first walked out of Santa Lucia station”可知，他们先是在陆地上参观，然后乘汽艇环游大运河。故选A。 10.B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几座桥和一些小广场，我们来到了Osteria Al Portego餐厅，午餐我们享用了一顿特色菜，包括萨尔沙和维森蒂娜辣酱。A.party聚会；B.lunch午餐；C.breakfast早餐；D.picnic野餐。根据后文“After lunch, we decided to explore Venice in our own way without a map.(午饭后，我们决定不带地图，用自己的方式探索威尼斯)”可知，他们在Osteria Al Portego餐厅吃了午饭，故选B。 11.C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些菜肴是根据17世纪和18世纪的食谱专门烹制的！A.immediately立即；B.probably可能；C.specially特别；D.gradually逐渐地。根据后文“following recipes dating right back to the 17th and 18th centuries”可知，菜肴是根据17世纪和18世纪的食谱烹制的，所以很特别，specially符合语境。故选C。 12.A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于意大利以披萨、意大利面和千层面闻名于世，我们尝试着品尝其他菜肴，以真正体验当地美食。A.famous出名的；B.essential重要的；C.easy容易的；D.available可用的。根据后文“for pizza, spaghetti, pasta and lasagna worldwide”中提到了worldwide，可知是以这些食物闻名世界。故选A。 13.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于意大利以披萨、意大利面和千层面闻名于世，我们尝试着品尝其他菜肴，以真正体验当地美食。A.protect保护；B.introduce介绍；C.examine检查；D.experience体验。根据后文“the local cuisine”可知，作者通过品尝菜肴来体验当地美食。故选D。 14.D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们沿着狭窄的街道，穿过大大小小的广场，参观了整个城市引人注目的建筑。A.stretched拉长；B.cleaned清理；C.searched搜索；D.followed跟随，沿着。根据后文“narrow streets, crossed big and small squares and viewed remarkable structures throughout the city”可知，主要描述了他们是如何探索威尼斯的，即沿着狭窄的街道，穿过大大小小的广场，参观了整个城市引人注目的建筑。故选D。 15.C　考查代词词义辨析。句意：它们都显得那么迷人，任何一个旅行者都会称赞这座城市的美丽。A.no没有；B.few一些；C.any其他，任何；D.another另一个。根据上文“They all appeared so charming”可知，威尼斯的建筑都很迷人，任何一个旅行者都会称赞这座城市的美丽。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$