UNIT2 读与练·阅读限时训练一（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·广东云浮阶段练习) A visit to the landmark Eiffel Tower If you' re in Paris, a visit to the Eiffel Tower is a must.The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous landmarks in the world and it attracts millions of visitors every year.It's a great experience and you can see some amazing views of Paris from the top.The Eiffel Tower was built by Gustave Eiffel for the 1889 Exposition Universelle(World Fair) which celebrated the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution.At first, many people did not like the tower and called it “useless” but today it is an iconic symbol of France and its culture. There are three levels that you can visit.The first level has a glass floor where you can look down and see what's below you! There's also a restaurant and a souvenir shop.The second level is 115 metres high and there are more restaurants and shops.On the third level, there's a champagne bar where you can enjoy a glass of champagne as you take in the breathtaking views.The tower is open every day of the year so you can visit it at any time.You can take the stairs or the lift.If you're feeling energetic, you might want to walk up the stairs to the first or second level.But if you don't want to get tired, it's probably best to take the lift! The queues for the lifts can be very long, especially during the summer months, so it's a good idea to book your tickets in advance online. Around the Eiffel Tower, there are beautiful gardens where you can relax and have a picnic.There are also lots of street performers and artists who entertain the tourists.You'll find lots of cafes and restaurants nearby where you can try some delicious French food.So why not make a day of it and really enjoy everything that the Eiffel Tower has to offer? 1.What does the underlined word “iconic” be not closest in meaning to? A.famous B.representative C.symbolic D.typical 2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an amenity(便利设施) or activity available at the Eiffel Tower? A.Enjoying a glass of champagne. B.Visiting a souvenir shop. C.Attending a musical performance. D.Dining at a restaurant. 3.What is the best way to avoid long queues for the lifts at the Eiffel Tower? A.Visit during the summer months. B.Arrive very early in the morning. C.Book your tickets online in advance. D.Take the stairs instead of the lifts. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To describe the history of the Eiffel Tower. B.To provide practical information for visiting the Eiffel Tower. C.To argue that the Eiffel Tower is an important cultural symbol of France. D.To compare the Eiffel Tower to other famous landmarks around the world. [二次精读] 重点单词 anniversary/ˌænɪ'vɜːsəri/ n.　　　 　　　　　　　周年纪念(日) souvenir/ˌsuːvə'nɪə(r)/ n. 纪念品，纪念物 entertain/ˌentə'teɪn/ v. 使有兴趣，使快乐 重点短语 at first　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　最初，开始阶段 in advance 提前，预先 词块积累 the 1889 Exposition Universelle(World Fair)　　　1889年的世界博览会 take in the breathtaking views 欣赏壮丽的景色 walk up the stairs 走上楼梯 make a day of it 花一整天时间参与愉快的活动，享受自己的时光 长难句分析 The first level has a glass floor where you can look down and see what's below you! 第一层有一个玻璃地板，你可以往下看，看看下面是什么！ 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词glass floor，what引导宾语从句。 B (2024·福建三明阶段练习)With office developers competing for space and height—just to make a statement, the age of the iconic office building is upon us.Let's start by exploring what “iconic” actually means. Google the word “iconic” and the definitions include something that is “famous”， “popular” or representative of “particular opinions or a particular time”.The term can also be applied to something that is representative of something else—for instance, the Eiffel Tower is a symbol of Paris. In architecture, an iconic design is usually a design that is “ground breaking” and one that sets new standards in its field.It is a design that other designers and manufacturers follow, as it becomes a bench mark for other similar products.Furthermore, an iconic design is one that stands up to the test of time, remaining a good design, despite the passing of years, decades and even centuries. Lord Norman Foster has certainly had a say in the rise of these distinctive structures over the past 15 years.His architectural firm Foster & Partners designed the Gherkin (30 St Mary Axe), whose completion in 2001 sparked the birth of London's new skyline, taking over the previous one—Britannic Tower.Lord Foster also led the redesign of Wembley Stadium and the Millennium Bridge—globally recognized structures in their own right. Unusually shaped structures have been around since the Pyramids, but before computers, architectural designs were hand drawn and，consequently, landmark buildings were much more conventional in their nature.Since then, digital technology has moved forward at such a rate that it has pushed us into a new era of architectural innovation. Whatever your views on these high­rise developments, they have turned the London skyline into an exciting, ever­changing landscape and, in the process, redefined the concept of an iconic building.But we will still be talking about them a century from now—as we do the Empire State Building—or will another new wave of office blocks simply take their place? 5.What is the feature of an iconic architecture? A.It is always changing. B.It needs constant testing. C.It has pioneering and distinctive designs. D.It follows the standards that were set earlier. 6.What promoted the development of architectural innovation? A.Digital technology. B.Architectural theory. C.Curiosity about pyramids. D.Accidental moves by talented designers. 7.What does the underlined word “sparked” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Got rid of. B.Brought about. C.Gave way to. D.Conflicted with. 8.What's the author's attitude towards the iconic office buildings in London? A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Concerned. D.Pessimistic. [二次精读] 重点单词 distinctive/dɪ'stɪktɪv/ adj.　独特的，与众不同的 completion/kəm'pliːʃ(ə)n/ n. 完成，结束 consequently/'kɒnsɪkwəntli/ adv. 因此，结果 landscape/'lændskeɪp/ n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景，景色 重点短语 compete for　为……而竞争 be applied to 适用于 be representative of 代表，象征 take over 接管；接替 take one's place 代替 词块积累 make a statement　　表达观点或立场 ground breaking 开创性的 a bench mark for ……的基准 stand up to the test of time 经得起时间的考验 长难句分析 Whatever your views on these high­rise developments, they have turned the London skyline into an exciting, ever­changing landscape and, in the process, redefined the concept of an iconic building. 无论你对这些高层建筑的看法如何，它们已经把伦敦的天际线变成了一个令人兴奋的、不断变化的景观，并在这个过程中重新定义了标志性建筑的概念。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。Whatever引导让步状语从句，主句中have turned和redefined是并列的谓语。 C (2024·河北阶段练习)As a type of dwelling in China, cave dwellings (yaodong in Chinese) still can be found in many places of China.According to official statistics, there are still 40 million people living in such dwellings in China. As early as the New Stone Age, using a wooden framework, grass and soil, families living in the middle reaches of the Yellow River built simple shallow caves in natural earth holes in the mountains.Over 4, 000 years ago, the real caves started to be constructed, which could be related to the natural surroundings.In the areas that were popular with such dwellings, there was very thick loess (黄土).People made full use of the loess layers to create the original cave dwellings. A cave is usually 6—8 meters long, around 3 meters wide and around 3 meters high.From the outside, it comes in the shape of an arc (拱形), which presents the ancient opinion of “Heaven is round and Ground is square”.Furniture in these caves is very simple, such as a wooden table, wooden chairs and an earth sleeping platform (kang in Chinese). The most important and unique characteristic of a cave dwelling is that the inside of it is cool in summer and warm in winter.The natural architectural features protect the cave dwellers from being affected by the changes of the environment or weather.Besides, its creation does not damage the environment or occupy farmland.Another feature is that you will feel quite quiet inside. In Yan'an in northern Shaanxi, a family usually has 3 to 5 caves.The middle one is the chief house, in which the grandparents or parents live.At the bottom right of each dwelling, people usually leave a small pass for their pets, such as cats or dogs, to go through.When constructing the gate for the whole yard, there is a traditional taboo that none of the caves should be in line with the gate.Otherwise, bad luck may fall upon this family. 9.What can we know about cave dwellings? A.They were built using wood, grass, and bamboo. B.They are a very popular kind of house in the world. C.They have been around for about 2, 000 years. D.They are usually found in areas with thick loess. 10.Which of the following best describes a cave? A.Arc­shaped. B.Square­shaped. C.Round­shaped. D.Rectangular­shaped. 11.What is the most unique feature of a cave dwelling? A.It is quiet inside. B.It does not occupy farmland. C.It is environmentally friendly. D.It is warm in winter and cool in summer. 12.What is the main purpose of the text? A.To describe the process of building traditional cave dwellings. B.To introduce the unique architecture of cave dwellings to readers. C.To discuss the historical and cultural significance of cave dwellings. D.To explore the living conditions and lifestyles of people in cave dwellings. [二次精读] 重点单词 dwelling/'dwelɪ/ n.　住宅 statistics/stə'tɪstɪk/ n. 统计数字 occupy/'ɒkjupaɪ/ vt. 占据 重点短语 be related to　　与……有关 make full use of 充分利用 protect...from... 保护……不受…… go through 通过 词块积累 the New Stone Age　新石器时代 in the middle reaches of the Yellow River 位于黄河中游 in the shape of 以……的形式 in line with 与……一致；处在一条直线上 长难句分析 The middle one is the chief house, in which the grandparents or parents live. 中间的是主屋，祖父母或父母住在里面。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。in which是介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the chief house，并在从句中作状语。 Ⅱ.七选五 There are hundreds of worthy destinations in the country catering to all tastes.At the top of that list is Chengdu, the perfect jumping­off point for those in search of a mix of stunning natural scenery, wildlife and some of most incredible food on the planet.In recent years the city has expanded its offerings, including a number of new projects tourists will want to experience.___1___ It's the happiest city in China. If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there's no better city to hit than Chengdu.It has been voted the happiest city in China for 12 continuous years by an annual survey conducted by Oriental Outlook.___2___ It has got one most beautiful bookstore in China. The new location in Dujiangyan is the second Zhongshuge bookstore in the provincial capital.___3___ Inspired by Dujiangyan's ancient irrigation system, the new bookstore has its own features.The beautiful environment of the bookstore can attract more people who do not love books, and awaken their interest and memory in reading. There's a spectacular new massive airport. One of the world's most eye­catching new airports, Chengdu's Tianfu International Airport is as modern as it gets.Beginning operations in 2021，Tianfu Airport is the largest civil airport.___4___ Travelers can experience a series of cutting­edge technologies at Tianfu, including facial recognition software and self­check­in booth. __5__ There're plans to turn Chengdu into a “Western China Science City”.Travelers visiting the “Science City” can expect to see many examples of eco­conscious and new wave architecture created by some of the most famous firms in the world.Among these is the world's first “Unicorn Island”， the country's next high­tech unicorn.There will also be a low­carbon Future Science and Technology City. A.The arts scene is taking off. B.It's also a city focused on the future. C.There's no harm in starting to dream about your next visit now. D.It's expected to handle up to 60 million passengers per year by 2025. E.Its results combine big data, questionnaires, site visits and expert opinions. F.The first, which opened in 2017 in central Chengdu, is modeled after terrace fields. G.Whether you're dreaming of business travel or just personal leisure trip, here are some reasons. Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024·广西南宁期末)Potala Palace is the highest ancient palace in the world.It 1.________ (say) to be used for greeting a Han Princess.According to the legend, in the 7th century, 2.________(greet) his bride Princess Wen Cheng, the Tibet King Songtsen Gampo built 3.________ 9­storey palace with a thousand rooms upon the Red Hill and named it Potala.The palace was 4.________ (main) made of stones and woods, and decorated with special local willow branches.Later, with the collapse of the Songtsen Gampo Dynasty, the ancient palace was almost destroyed in wars.5.________ we see at present is the architecture of the Qing Dynasty and the continuous expanding work outcome since the 17th century. Potala Palace is a symbol of the cultural and 6.________ (economy) communication of Tibet and Tang Court.It is composed 7.________ 2 parts, the Red Palace as the center and the White Palace as two wings.The Red Palace is the highest part in the center that is completely devoted to religious study and Buddhist prayer.The White Palace, once served as the office building of Tibet's local government, makes up the living quarters of Dalai Lama.And 8.________ (it) wall was painted to white to convey peace and quiet.The Great East Hall on the fourth floor, 9.________ (occupy) a space of 717 square meters, was the site for important religious and political 10.________ (event). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS [读与练·阅读限时训练一] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要提供参观埃菲尔铁塔的实用信息并邀请读者去参观。 1.A　词句猜测题。由第一段最后两句“埃菲尔铁塔是古斯塔夫·埃菲尔为1889年庆祝法国大革命100周年的世界博览会而建造的。起初，许多人不喜欢这座塔，称其‘无用’，但今天它是法国及其文化的________象征。”可猜测，这里 iconic应表示“标志性的，象征性的或者典型的”意思。A.famous 著名的；B.representative有代表性的；C.symbolic象征的；D.typical有代表性的。结合选项可知，iconic与famous意思最不相近。故选A。 2.C　细节理解题。由第二段前四句“您可以访问三层。第一层有一个玻璃地板，你可以往下看，看看下面是什么！还有一家餐厅和一家纪念品商店。第二层高115米，有更多的餐馆和商店。在第三层，有一个香槟酒吧，您可以在欣赏令人惊叹的景色的同时享用一杯香槟。”以及结合选项可知，游客在铁塔里可以享受着一杯香槟、参观纪念品商店和在餐馆吃饭。文章未提及参加音乐表演。故选C。 3.C　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“电梯的排队队伍可能很长，尤其是在夏季，所以最好提前在网上订票。”可知，避免在埃菲尔铁塔排队等候电梯的最好方法是提前在线预订门票。故选C。 4.B　推理判断题。由最后一段“埃菲尔铁塔周围有美丽的花园，您可以在那里放松身心，野餐。还有许多街头表演者和艺术家招待游客。你会发现附近有很多咖啡馆和餐馆，在那里你可以品尝到一些美味的法国菜。那么，为什么不好好享受一天，真正享受埃菲尔铁塔所提供的一切呢？”以及上文可知，文章主要提供参观埃菲尔铁塔的实用信息并邀请读者去参观。故选B。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了标志性建筑的特征以及建筑行业的发展情况。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“在建筑领域，标志性设计通常是一种‘突破性’的设计，在该领域树立了新的标准”可知，标志性建筑的特征是设计新颖独特。故选C。 6.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“从那时起，数字技术以如此快的速度向前发展，将我们推向了一个建筑创新的新时代”可知，数字技术推动了建筑创新的发展。故选A。 7.B　词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“他的建筑公司 Foster & Partners 设计了小黄瓜大楼(30 St Mary Axe)，于 2001 年竣工”以及后文“伦敦新天际线的诞生，取代了之前的天际线——不列颠尼克塔”可知，他的建筑公司Foster & Partners设计了St Mary Axe 30号，这取代了之前的不列颠尼克塔，使得伦敦的新天际线诞生了，由此可推知画线词意思是“引起”，与B项“Brought about.(引起)”意思一样。故选B。 8.A　 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“无论你对这些高层建筑的看法如何，它们已经把伦敦的天际线变成了一个令人兴奋的、不断变化的景观，并在这个过程中重新定义了标志性建筑的概念”可推知，作者对伦敦标志性的办公大楼持积极态度。故选A。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中国民居。 9.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“在这种住宅盛行的地区，有非常厚的黄土。人们充分利用黄土层创造了原始的窑洞”可知，窑洞通常出现在黄土较厚的地区。故选D。 10.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“从外表看，它呈拱形，呈现出古代‘天圆地方’的观点”可知，窑洞通常是拱形的。故选A。 11.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“窑洞最重要、最独特的特点是室内夏凉冬暖”可知，窑洞最独特的特点是冬暖夏凉。故选D。 12.B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二三四句“4000多年前，真正的洞穴开始建造，这可能与自然环境有关。在这种住宅盛行的地区，有非常厚的黄土。人们充分利用黄土层创造了原始的窑洞”、第三段第二句“从外表看，它呈拱形，呈现出古代‘天圆地方’的观点”以及第四段第一句“窑洞最重要、最独特的特点是室内夏凉冬暖”可知，本文主要介绍了窑洞这一传统的中国民居，目的是向读者介绍独特的窑洞建筑。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章从几个方面介绍了为什么成都是一个值得去的旅游目的地的原因。 1.G　由上文“排在首位的是成都，对于那些寻找令人惊叹的自然风光、野生动物和地球上最令人难以置信的食物的人来说，成都是一个完美的起点”和下文小标题“它是中国最幸福的城市”，“它有一家中国最漂亮的书店”和“有一个壮观的新的大型机场”可知，下文从几个方面介绍了为什么成都是一个值得去的旅游目的地的原因，G选项“无论你是梦想商务旅行，还是仅仅是个人休闲的旅行，这里都有一些原因。”切合语境。故选G。 2.E　由小标题“它是中国最幸福的城市”和上文“《瞭望东方》的一项年度调查显示，成都连续12年被评为中国最幸福城市”可知，年度调查表明成都是中国最幸福的城市，该空应继续用证据表明成都是中国最幸福的城市，E选项“其结果结合了大数据、问卷调查、实地考察和专家意见。”切合语境，上文中“an annual survey”呼应选项中“questionnaires”。故选E。 3.F　由小标题“它有一家中国最漂亮的书店”，上文“都江堰的新址是省会城市的第二家钟书阁书店”和下文“受到都江堰古老灌溉系统的启发，新书店有自己的特色。书店优美的环境可以吸引更多不爱书的人，唤醒他们阅读的兴趣和记忆”可知，上下文都在讲书店，F选项“第一家书店于2017年在成都市中心开业，以梯田为原型。”切合语境，具体介绍第一家书店的情况，选项中“The first”呼应上文中“the second”。故选F。 4.D　由上文“天府机场于2021年开始运营，是最大的民用机场”可知，D选项“到2025年，预计每年可接待6000万名乘客。”切合语境，承接上文用接待乘客的具体数据说明天府机场是最大的民用机场。故选D。 5.B　该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“有计划把成都变成‘中国西部科学城’”和“其中包括世界上第一个‘独角兽岛’，该国的下一个高科技独角兽。还将有一个低碳的未来科技城”可知，本段主要讲成都未来的部分规划，B选项“这也是一座着眼于未来的城市。”切合语境。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了布达拉宫的历史和特点，包括其命名由来，建造过程，建筑特色以及其在西藏与王朝交流中的重要地位。 1.is said　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处缺少谓语，动词say与主语It之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。构成了be said to be“据说是”固定句型。主谓一致，故填is said。 2.to greet　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to greet。 3.a　考查冠词。此处palace为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表泛指。所连接的单词9­storey发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 4.mainly　考查副词。修饰动词made应用副词。故填mainly。 5.What　考查主语从句。根据is可知，空处引导主语从句，主语从句中缺少see的宾语，应用连词what引导从句，what意为“……的事物”。句首字母大写，故填What。 6.economic　考查形容词。空处与cultural并列修饰名词communication，因此用economy的形容词形式economic。故填economic。 7.of　考查介词。be composed of...“由……组成”为固定搭配，故填of。 8.its　考查物主代词。空处修饰名词wall，因此用it的形容词性物主代词形式its，作定语。故填its。 9.occupying　考查非谓语动词。此句已经有谓语动词was，且无连词，因此空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词occupy和其逻辑主语The Great East Hall之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语。故填occupying。 10.events　考查名词复数。根据important religious and political可知，此处“事件”肯定不止一个，而且event是可数名词，因此用其复数形式。故填events。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$