UNIT1 读与练·阅读限时训练一（Word练习）-【拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

参 考 答 案 UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION [读与练·阅读限时训练一] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四本科幻小说。 1.A　细节理解题。根据Ender's Game by Orson Scott Card中“Dive into the strategic mind of Ender Wiggin, a young genius trained at Battle School to defend Earth against an alien invasion.”可知，《安德的游戏》中有一个专门训练对抗外星人的角色。故选A。 2.D　细节理解题。根据Galactic Empire by Isaac Asimov中“It is set in a fictional future where a mathematician named...and shorten the period of cruelty behaviors.”可知，《银河帝国》的主角是数学家Hari Seldon。故选D。 3.C　细节理解题。根据Ready Player One by Ernest Cline中“Ready Player One is an ode (颂歌) to 1980s pop culture, an appealing exploration of reality vs.virtual existence and the power of human connections.”可知，人际关系的力量是《头号玩家》的一个主题。故选C。 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文中作者回顾了Frank Herbert的科幻小说Dune曾对自己产生的影响。 4.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Frank Herbert的科幻小说《沙丘》是第一个帮助我度过孤独的初中生活的成长故事。”以及最后一句“《沙丘》的主角Paul Atreides给了我一本初中的生存指南。”可知，Frank Herbert创造了Paul Atreides这个角色。故选D。 5.B　词句猜测题。根据画线词前文“保罗不是一个典型的失败者。他是国王的儿子。他从出生起就被一群聪明而有经验的人训练，学习战争艺术、政治和关键的生存技能，这些人的名字都叫不出来。但当他的世界被颠覆时——当他离开家，失去父亲而且进入一个……”以及画线词之后“他没有抱怨和哭泣。他适应了。”可知，失去国王父亲的荫蔽后，Paul要直接面对一个完全不同的世界，而前文提到他所在的环境是很优渥的，后文表示转折，由此可推知画线词hostile的意思是“敌对的；不利的；艰苦的”，与B项unfriendly(不友好的)意思相近。故选B。 6.C　推理判断题。根据第三段“直到今天，我还能背诵他那句对抗恐惧的话：‘我不能害怕。恐惧是精神杀手。恐惧是带来彻底毁灭的小死亡。我要面对我的恐惧。我要让它从我身上经过，穿过我。当它过去的时候，我将转动内心的眼睛去看它的路径。恐惧消失的地方什么都没有。只有我要留下来。’”可知作者至今依旧记得保罗对抗恐惧的话语；由此可推断，Paul面对恐惧的勇气给作者留下了最深刻的印象。故选C。 7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“然而，对我来说，这是一种广阔的、重新定义的可能性，我一直在挣扎，眼睛盯着地面，只是想度过又一天作为一个十几岁的女孩的无聊和艰难。保罗把我的眼睛抬起来，让我能看到星星。”可知在读这本书之前作者只想无聊和艰难地度过一天又一天，但是保罗让作者看到了天上的星星；由此可知，由于保罗作者改变了她对生活的态度。故选D。 C [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写科幻小说。 8.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“在你想象的世界里，事物的运作方式将以实际的科学为基础”可知，实际科学为科幻小说提供基本原理。故选C。 9.D　推理判断题。根据第二段“然后你必须弄清楚你想象世界的确切规则。你必须遵循它们。如果人类在第一章中进化到可以在水下呼吸，那么你的角色就不会在第三章中淹死在游泳池里。如果你的机器人写诗而不写小说，那么你就不能把一个小说家机器人扔进第八章。这里的问题是如何保持读者的信任。这意味着读者愿意和你一起假装。如果你从一本普通的侦探小说开始，然后在第六章加入一个在水下呼吸的人，你的读者的反应可能是，‘什么鬼！’想象力的魔咒被打破了。你把读者从他们的想象中拉了出来。如果你中途改变规则，也会发生同样的事情”可知，作者在叙述时使用举例指出如果在第一章里人能在水下呼吸，第三章就不能说角色被淹死在游泳池中等可知，作者是通过举例子来写这段的。故选D。 10.A　推理判断题。根据第二段“That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you.”可知，科幻小说的读者实际上愿意假装作者的规则是真实的。故选A。 11.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段“科幻作家创造了一个虚构的世界。在你想象的世界里，事物的运作方式将以实际的科学为基础。所以熟悉与你的创作相关的科学原理和发明是很重要的。例如，如果你要写人类生活在一个零重力的星球上，那么你需要知道零重力对人体的影响”结合文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何写科幻小说。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科幻小说的发展历史、进入西方世界的原因及中国科幻小说的独特魅力。 1.D　根据下文“Some Chinese Sci­Fi History”“Its Entry into the West”及“What Makes Chinese Sci­Fi Distinctive”这些小标题可知，本文是讲述中国科幻小说的相关内容，D项“中国科幻小说也席卷了西方”是对本文内容的概括，起到了引出下文的作用。故选D。 2.C　下文“Few works were translated.And the Western world had little to no taste for it.”是对C项“在2000年之前，中国科幻小说鲜为人知”内容的解释，与C项构成因果关系，讲述了为什么中国科幻小说在2000年前鲜为人知的原因。故选C。 3.F　上文“Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.”和F项“这为它最终被西方读者所了解奠定了基础”形成内容上的承接，指出了中国科幻小说是如何一步步被本国和西方所接受的原因。故选F。 4.A　上文“Chinese sci­fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three­Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci­fi novel to be translated into English.”可知，《三体》是第一部被翻译成英文的当代中国科幻小说，A项“该书于2014年出版，取得了巨大成功”是对上文内容的承接，也是对该书的进一步介绍。故选A。 5.G　上文“The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs.”和G项“这使得中国科幻成为对中国的文化和历史的分析”构成因果关系，是中国科幻小说成为对中国的文化和历史的分析原因的解释。故选G。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个可食用图书节，在这个节日里，参与者可以用食物制作与图书相关的作品，并提交评委评审。 1.printed　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，word与print之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式作前置定语，故填printed。 2.enthusiastic　考查词形转换。空后为名词reader和eater，因此空处需要填形容词enthusiastic。 3.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。 4.them　考查代词。结合句意可知，空处指代前面的名词projects，作present的宾语，所以填them。 5.on　考查介词。此处考查固定表达be based on，意为“以……为基础”，所以填on。 6.meanings　考查名词复数。结合句意和空前的different可知，空处需要用名词复数，所以填meanings。 7.winner　考查词形转换。结合空前的形容词possible可知，空处需要用名词，再结合前面的冠词A可知，此处需要用名词单数形式，所以填winner。 8.To make　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，空处应用不定式作目的状语，空处位于句首，应注意首字母大写。故填To make。 9.a　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“The Tail of Peter Rabbit”同位语，表示其特征，此处表泛指，且title的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。 10.are held　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语动词。结合整篇文章可知，此处时态为一般现在时；主语many of these festivals与hold之间为被动关系；主语many of these festivals为复数概念。所以填are held。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·河北张家口期末)As you venture into the world of imagination and scientific wonder, I am excited to present you with a selection of science fictions that perfectly meet your curiosity. Ender's Game by Orson Scott Card Dive into the strategic mind of Ender Wiggin, a young genius trained at Battle School to defend Earth against an alien invasion.Ender's Game is a masterclass in character development, interweaving themes of leadership, sympathy and the consequences of war. The War of the Worlds by H.G.Wells The timeless classic introduces us to the first alien invasion on Earth，seen through the eyes of an ordinary man struggling to survive among Martian attacks.This book not only arouses the imagination of countless fiction enthusiasts but offers a deep comment on human's weakness. Galactic Empire(银河帝国) by Isaac Asimov It is set in a fictional future where a mathematician named Hari Seldon predicts the fall of Galactic Empire.In order to minimize the dark age that would follow its fall, Seldon establishes two foundations to preserve knowledge and shorten the period of cruelty behaviors. Ready Player One by Ernest Cline Step into the virtual universe of OASIS, where teenager Wade Watts hunts for comforting moments in a treasure hunt designed by a gaming genius.Ready Player One is an ode (颂歌) to 1980s pop culture, an appealing exploration of reality vs.virtual existence and the power of human connections. Hug the reading journey, let these books light your passion for the unknown. 1.Which fiction features a character trained for fighting against aliens? A.Ender's Game. B.The War of the Worlds. C.Galactic Empire. D.Ready Player One. 2.Who is the hero of Galactic Empire? A.A genius. B.A powerful leader. C.An ordinary man. D.A mathematician. 3.What is a theme of Ready Player One? A.The consequences of war. B.The weakness of man. C.The power of human connections. D.The significance of individual efforts. [二次精读] 重点单词 venture/'ventʃə(r)/ v.　敢于去(未知或危险等地方)；冒险 invasion/ɪn'veɪʒ(ə)n/ n. 入侵 interweave/ˌɪntə'wiːv/ vt. 交织 minimize/'mɪnɪmaɪz/ vt. 使减少到最低限度 重点短语 present sb with sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　向某人赠送某物 dive into 深入了解 defend...against... 防卫……以免…… be set in 以……为背景 语块积累 meet your curiosity　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　满足你的好奇心 see through the eyes of an ordinary man 用普通人的眼光看问题 arouse the imagination of countless fiction enthusiasts 激起无数小说爱好者的想象 shorten the period of cruelty behaviors 缩短残忍行为发生的时间 light your passion for the unknown 点燃你对未知事物的热情 长难句分析 As you venture into the world of imagination and scientific wonder, I am excited to present you with a selection of science fictions that perfectly meet your curiosity. 当你冒险进入想象力和科学奇迹的世界时，我很兴奋地为你提供一系列科幻小说，完全满足你的好奇心。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。As引导时间状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词science fictions。 B Frank Herbert's science fiction Dune was the first coming­of­age story that helped me survive the lonely junior high school.At age 12, my life was the liny, boring cycle of home, school and my parents' store.Dune broke it all open and led me to a universe that made my little world a lot more bearable unlike Holden Caulfield who kept breaking windows in The Catcher in the Rve by J.D.Sailingèr.Dune's main character, Paul Atreides, equipped me with a junior­high survival guide. Paul is not a classic underdog.He's the son of a king.He's been trained since birth in war arts, politics and critical survival skills by a group of smart and experienced men with impossible­to­pronounce names.But when his world is turned upside down—when he leaves his home, loses his father and enters a physically and politically hostile_environment — he doesn't complain and cry.He adapts. To this day, I can still recite his words against fear: “I must not fear.Fear is the mind­killer.Fear is the little­death that brings total destruction.I will face my fear.I will permit it to pass over me and through me.And when it has gone past, I will turn the inner eye to see its path.Where the fear has gone there will be nothing.Only I will remain.” The steady diet of literary fiction assigned by my teachers was escapist (逃避现实的) and the very act of reading (whatever the content) usually took me out of a given moment, but didn't provide much advice on how to face my daily conflicts and painful insecurity. Dune was escapist, too.However, it was expansive and literally redefined possibility for me who had been struggling along with eyes on the ground, just trying to make it through another day of boredom and hardship of being a teenage girl.Paul lifted my eyes up so I could see the stars. 4.Who created the character Paul Atreides? A.The author of this passage. B.J.D.Sailinger. C.Holden Caulfield. D.Frank Herbert. 5.Which can best explain the underlined word “hostile” in paragraph 2? A.Sensitive. B.Unfriendly. C.Unbeneficial. D.Private. 6.What does Paul impress the author most? A.His survival skills. B.His noble birth. C.His courage to face fear. D.His escapist attitude. 7.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.The plot of Dune was more complicated than other fictions. B.The author learned much knowledge of stars from Dune. C.Paul helped the author escape from the real world. D.The author changed her attitude towards life owing to Paul. [二次精读] 重点单词 bearable/'beərəbl/ adj.可忍受的；支持得住的 underdog/'ʌndədɒɡ/ n. 失败者 destruction/dɪ'strʌkʃ(ə)n/ n. 破坏，摧毁 assign/ə'saɪn/ vt. 分派，布置 重点短语 equip...with...　用……装备 turn...upside down 把……倒置 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 词块积累 survival guide　生存指南 impossible­to­pronounce names 很难发音的名字 provide much advice on 提供很多建议 长难句分析 However, it was expansive and literally redefined possibility for me who had been struggling along with eyes on the ground, just trying to make it through another day of boredom and hardship of being a teenage girl. 然而，对我来说，这是一种广阔的、重新定义的可能性，我一直在挣扎，眼睛盯着地面，只是想度过又一天作为一个十几岁的女孩的无聊和艰难。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词me，trying...为现在分词作状语。 C Science fiction writers create an imaginary world.The way things work in your imaginary world will be based on actual science.So it's important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation.For example, if you're writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary world.And you have to follow them.If humans have evolved to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your character can't drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.If your robots write poetry but not fiction, then you can't throw a novelist robot into Chapter 8.The issue here is maintaining your readers' trust.That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you.If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter, your readers' reaction might be, “What the hell！” The imaginative spell is broken.You've pulled the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway. Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its world for yourself in great detail.Decide: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in the new reality, and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react to things.You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter.But you have to let your readers know enough to understand what's going on.This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions before you start writing. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real.You are inviting readers to visit a new world.They will want to be able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it's like.Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they're actually there. 8.What's the relationship between actual science and science fiction? A.Science fiction promotes the development of actual science. B.Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science. C.Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction. D.Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction. 9.How is the second paragraph mainly developed? A.By making comparisons. B.By analysing causes. C.By following the time order. D.By giving examples. 10.What can we know from the passage? A.Readers of science fiction actually pretend the writers' rules are true. B.It is necessary to do some scientific experiments before writing science fiction. C.It is more difficult to write science fiction than ordinary detective novels. D.It is great to leave some contradictions in your science fiction. 11.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to do scientific research. B.How to write science fiction. C.What to expect from science fiction. D.How to raise interest in science. [二次精读] 重点单词 evolve/ɪ'vɒlv/ v.进化；逐步发展 hell/hel/ n. 地狱 spell/spel/ n. 咒语，魔咒 重点短语 be based on...　　以……为基础 be familiar with 熟悉 map out 规划；详细计划 in great detail 详细地，详尽地 词块积累 maintain your readers' trust　保持读者的信任 detective novel 侦探小说 pull the readers out of their imagination 把读者从想象中拉出来 长难句分析 Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they're actually there. 无论你的小说是关于一个没有疾病的世界还是一个未被发现的星球，让你的读者觉得他们真的在那里。 【分析】　这是一个主从复合句。Whether...or...无论……还是……，引导让步状语从句，they're actually there是省略that的宾语从句。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·安徽合肥阶段练习)Science fiction, or sci­fi, with more themes related to environmental issues, overpopulation, and technological growth, has explosively (爆发地) grown in popularity since the beginning of the 21st century.__1__ Some Chinese Sci­Fi History __2__Few works were translated.And the Western world had little to no taste for it. The history of Chinese sci­fi is extensive, but the modern genre first took root during the 1900s.Authors such as Lu Xun promoted sci­fi's early development in China and translated multiple Western stories like Jules Verne's From the Earth to the Moon.Following the 1970s, China began its own golden age of science fiction.Movies, clubs, magazines, societies and communities formed around this genre and became increasingly popular among Chinese readers.__3__ Its Entry into the West Chinese sci­fi has become internationally recognized, mainly because of Ken Liu, who translated The Three­Body Problem, the first contemporary Chinese sci­fi novel to be translated into English.__4__Chinese sci­fi's introduction into the West began with this novel, and it couldn't have been given a better international debut (亮相).Liu has become a go­to source for Chinese authors seeking international audiences. What Makes Chinese Sci­Fi Distinctive(独特的) The subgenre is unique for using a number of cultural and traditional objects, words, places and beliefs.__5__The stories are also different because many modern Chinese sci­fi authors were heavily affected by the events of the 20th century.Their perspectives (思维方式) and ideas on morals, ethics (伦理), government, politics, science and anything in between come from standpoints previously unknown to Western readers. A.Published in 2014, it proved to be a huge success. B.He is a writer, translator and computer scientist. C.Before the 2000s, Chinese sci­fi was lesser­known. D.Chinese sci­fi also made its way to take the West by storm. E.Similar to Western sci­fi, it has experienced the ups and downs. F.This laid the foundation for its eventual introduction to Western readers. G.This makes Chinese sci­fi a cultural and historical analysis of China. Ⅲ.语法填空 (2024· 广州模拟)Some people love to read books.They can't get enough of the 1.________ (print) word.Others have a big appetite for making and eating food.Well, if you are both an 2.______ (enthusiasm) reader and eater，you may want to take part in an edible book festival, 3.________ you can have your book and eat it, too! In such festivals, people create projects and present 4.________ to judges.There are two rules: The project must be made of food, and it must be based 5.________ a book.For example, someone might make the chocolate factory from Charlie and the Chocolate Factory with chocolate bars. Sometimes, judges award prizes to the best projects like “The Best Pun”.A pun is a funny play on words that sound similar but have different 6.________ (meaning)，like “tale” and “tail”.A possible 7.________ (win)for “The Best Pun” might show Peter Rabbit, the character from The Tale of Peter Rabbit, with a tail made of marshmallow(棉花软糖)fluff.8.________ (make) a pun，the project could be called “The Tail of Peter Rabbit”， 9.________ title punny enough to make the judges laugh! Given the fun and often silly nature，it's not surprising that many of these festivals 10.________ (hold)on April Fool's Day！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$