精品解析：上海市风华中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中测试英语试卷

上海市风华中学 2025 学年第二学期高二年级英语期中测试卷 （2025.4） （时间：105 分钟 满分 100 分） I.Listening Comprehension 16% Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Angry. B. Tired. C. Hungry. D. Disappointed. 2. A. She did a survey a week ago. B. She completed her survey quickly. C. She will help him on Thursday. D. She thinks she can reduce the cost. 3. A. In a grocery. B. In a warehouse. C. In a shopping mall. D. In a fashion designer's studio. 4. A. He wrote it last semester. B. He'll finish it in a few minutes. C. He never does assignments early. D. He isn't going to write it. 5. A. Boss and secretary. B. Coach and athlete. C. Doctor and patient. D. Teacher and student. 6. A. 10:00. B. 10:10. C. 10:20. D. 10:30. 7. A. The electrician came to repair the lamp. B. The lamp was taken to the repair shop. C. She had Mike fix the lamp. D. The lamp was replaced. 8. A. Studying. B. Watching television. C. Coming upstairs. D. Going to the movies. 9. A. She had gone to photography class instead. B. She has not chosen a picture for it. C. She had broken her camera. D. She was unable to have her picture taken. 10. A. Dick is practically the only one who thinks so. B. Most people play football differently. C. Few people are optimistic about the team's chances of winning. D. Dick is disappointed in football games. Part B Passages 6% Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short. C. When homework is given. D. When your mother talks. 12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures. 13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind. C. Some details. D. School assignments. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The teenagers' strange behavior. B. The teenagers' criticism of their parents. C The dominance of the parents over their children. D. Misunderstanding between teenagers and their parents. 15. A. Because they want to make their parents angry; B. Because they have no other way to enjoy themselves. C. Because they have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste. D. Because they want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own. 16. A. They should be obedient. B. They should be responsible. C. They should be cooperative. D. They should be independent. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. What Can One City Do? People around the world are concerned about global warming and are talking about ways to stop it. The city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States, is doing more than just talking. Cambridge wants to become a world leader in energy-efficient buildings. Today, Naema Omar is improving her 80-year-old house in Cambridge. To keep the heat inside in the winter, she is filling the space inside the walls with insulation(绝缘). Insulation is usually made from chemicals, but in her house, she is using ____1____ new — insulation made from recycled blue jeans and other clothes. She has also put in a new type of light called an LED lamp____2____ uses only a tiny amount of electricity. The light bulbs in it last for 20 to 30 years before needing ____3____ (change). But eco-friendly insulation and lighting are much more expensive than the usual kind ____4____ many people in Cambridge can’t afford them. A group called Cambridge Energy Alliance (CEA) ____5____ (work) to solve this problem. They want to help every resident and business in the city conserve energy. People can ask the group to come and look at ____6____ they can make their house or office building eco-friendly. The CEA then makes them a plan to save 15 to 30 percent on heating, gas, water, and electricity. Then the group help people borrow money to pay for the improvements. The money that people save by being ____7____ (efficient) should be enough to pay back the loan. It was ten years ago that the city of Cambridge decided to try to reduce its carbon emissions. More than 80 percent of the carbon dioxide ____8____ (produce) in Cambridge comes from buildings — not from cars. ____9____ successful, the program will not only save a lot of energy but also make new jobs for local people. Workers____10____ (need) to put in insulation, install better doors and windows, and make other energy improvements on buildings. The CEA hopes that their program will be an example for other cities. 【答案】1. something 2. that##which 3. to be changed##changing 4. so that 5. is working 6. how 7. more efficient 8. produced 9. If##Once 10. will be needed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍剑桥大学关注全球变暖情况，希望成为世界上节能建筑的领导者。 【1题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：隔热材料通常是由化学物质制成的，但在她的房子里，她使用了一些新的东西——由回收的蓝色牛仔裤和其他衣服制成的隔热材料。根据句意可知，此空应填something，在本句中作宾语，符合句意。故填something。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：她还引入了一种新型的光，称为LED灯，这种灯只需要很少量的电。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为an LED lamp，为物，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：里面的灯泡在需要更换之前可以使用20到30年。分析句子可知，这里考查need to be done或者need doing，均表示“需要被做”，为固定搭配。故填to be changed/changing。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：但环保隔热和照明比通常的要贵得多，所以剑桥的许多人买不起。分析句子可知，此空应填连词，再由句意可知，应填so that表“所以”，引导结果状语从句。故填so that。 【5题详解】 考查时态。句意：一个名为剑桥能源联盟（CEA）的组织正在努力解决这个问题。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，由句意可知，这里表示“剑桥能源联盟的组织正在努力解决”，所以这里应用现在进行时，且主语为A group，为单数形式。故填is working。 【6题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：人们可以请小组来看看如何使他们的房子或办公楼环保。分析句子可知，这里考查宾语从句，由句意可知，这里应表示“如何使他们的房子或办公楼环保”，所以这里应用连接副词how。故填how。 【7题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：人们通过提高效率节省的钱应该足以偿还贷款。由上文The CEA then makes them a plan to save 15 to 30 percent on heating, gas, water, and electricity可知，这里表示“更加有效率”，所以应用比较级。故填more efficient。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：剑桥80%以上的二氧化碳来自建筑，而不是汽车。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，the carbon dioxide与produce为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词形式作定语。故填produced。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：如果该计划成功，不仅可以节省大量能源，还可以为当地人创造新的就业机会。分析句子可知，此空应填连词，由句意可知，可填if或者once，构成条件状语从句，且句首时首字母应大写。故填If/Once。 【10题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：工人们将需要安装隔热材料，安装更好的门窗，并对建筑物进行其它能源改进。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词， Workers与need为被动关系，且由前句可知，这里时态也应用一般将来时。故填will be needed。 Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. identified B. interpretation C. detect D. application E. regional F. confused G. relation H. exist I. follow J. commercial K. impact Recently, British university researchers said that a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with ____11____ English accents which are difficult to understand. This is good news for students who get ____12____ by different English accents. Computer scientists at Nottingham University said that some Asian students in Britain find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents. Among native English speakers, many different accents ____13____. Some accents are easily ____14____ by certain characteristics. But more variations can be difficult to understand. Difficulties can be experienced in the process of differentiating sounds at the end of spoken English words, like rope versus robe, and at the start, like tin versus thin. This can make continuous speech difficult to ____15____, as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole ____16____ of a sentence. It would be useful to have something that would make it easier for foreign students to understand different English accents. The researchers’ Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme can train Chinese speakers in how to ____17____ differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions, such as accented speech or in situations in which there are a number of sounds in the background, a university release reported. “Our findings have shown that SED training programme really does have a significant ____18____ on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds,” researcher Nicola Pitchford said. “There is ____19____ potential for SED. There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations, through to a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone ____20____.” 【答案】11. E 12. F 13. H 14. A 15. I 16. B 17. C 18. K 19. J 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种能帮助亚洲学生应对难懂的英语口音的计算机程序，其SED培训计划有商业潜力，已引起政府组织等关注 。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最近，英国大学的研究人员表示，计算机程序可以帮助亚洲学生处理难以理解的地区性英语口音。根据句中“a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with以及English accents which are difficult to understand”可知，此处表示处理难以理解的地区性英语口音，空处应用形容词regional“地区的”，修饰名词English accents，符合题意。故填E。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这对被不同英语口音搞得困惑的学生来说是个好消息。根据句中“by different English accents”可知，此处表示被不同英语口音搞得困惑，空处应用形容词confused“困惑的”，作表语。故填F。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：在以英语为母语的人中，存在着许多不同的口音。根据句中“Among native English speakers”可知，此处表示在以英语为母语的人中，存在着许多不同的口音，空处应用动词exist“存在”，句子是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填H。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：有些口音很容易通过某些特征识别出来。根据句中“by certain characteristics”可知，此处表示有些口音很容易通过某些特征识别出来，空处应用动词identify“识别”，与accents是被动关系，应用过去分词identified，与are构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填A。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，因为误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思。根据句中“as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole”可知，此处表示误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思，所以这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，空处应用动词follow“理解”，make sth. difficult to do sth.“使某事难以做”，to后跟动词原形。故填I。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：这可能会使连续的演讲难以理解，因为误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思。根据句中“as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole”可知，此处表示误解一个单词可能会显著改变整个句子的意思，空处应用名词interpretation“解释，理解”，作宾语。故填B。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：据大学发布的一份报告称，研究人员的英语口语辨别（SED）培训计划可以训练说汉语的人如何在困难的情况下，如口音演讲或在背景中有大量声音的情况下，辨别语音中的差异。根据句中“differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions”可知，此处表示在困难的情况下辨别语音中的差异，空处应用动词detect“辨别”，how to do sth.“如何做某事”，to后跟动词原形。故填C。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究人员尼古拉·皮奇福德说：“我们的研究结果表明，SED培训计划确实对亚洲学生区分声音的能力有重大影响。”根据句中“on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds”可知，此处表示SED培训计划确实对亚洲学生区分声音的能力有重大影响，空处应用名词impact“影响”，have a significant impact on“对……有重大影响”。故填K。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：SED有商业潜力。根据句中“There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations”可知，此处表示SED有商业潜力，空处应用形容词commercial“商业的”，作定语，修饰potential。故填J。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：政府组织已经对该项目产生了兴趣，一家主要的中国手机公司也有兴趣将其开发成一款教育手机应用程序。根据句中“a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone”可知，此处表示一家主要的中国手机公司也有兴趣将其开发成一款教育手机应用程序，空处应用名词application“应用程序”，作宾语。故填D。 IV.Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. An idea whose time has come: the four-day workweek The four-day workweek’s moment has arrived. With California Congressman Mark Takano’s introduction of legislation to reduce the standard workweek from 40 to 32 hours, awareness of a shorter workweek — and ____21____ for it — is gaining. And so is the skepticism (怀疑) around it. Initial skepticism is a(n) ____22____ response to a great change in how we think about work. American work culture has been defined by ideals of career as identity, workaholism and ambitions for continuous growth. It is not ____23____ to free ourselves from the only reality we know. And yet, if there were ever a right time, this is it. For so many, the muscles of adaptation have ____24____ over the past two years with every challenge brought on by the pandemic and other global crises. The rapid, significant transition across industries to working from home provided evidence that we can ____25____ quickly in response to changing conditions. Now, we have an opportunity to exercise these muscles to ____26____ evolve from outdated conceptions of what work must look like. Four-day workweek pilots are emerging across the globe, with some companies now shifting from the ____27____ stage to implementing the policy permanently. Microsoft Japan, Unilever New Zealand and Kick-starter represent just a few of a growing number of organizations exploring the four-day workweek. ____28____ political leaders are voicing support for the concept. Last year, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem approved employers implementing a four-day workweek to help stimulate domestic tourism in response to industry downturn brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Advocates mention many ____29____, including reduced burnout, improved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and positive environment impacts. It is easy to imagine what we might do with an additional day — spend time with family and friends, pursue a hobby, enroll in classes, sleep. Many in favor of the four-day workweek envision (展望) a more _____30_____ and rested community. Pilot findings show increased productivity as well. Among companies that have adopted a four-day week, nearly two-thirds report increased productivity. Some leaders will see the research and be _____31_____ that a pilot in their organization is worthwhile. Other will resist the idea. What theories or beliefs are at the root of their concerns? Many leaders were taught that face-time with employees is the only way to ensure accountability, productivity and teamwork. Less face-time, which follows the four-day workweek model and work-from-home arrangements, can feel like _____32_____ control to some people. For leaders of organizations and teams, the shift to a four-day workweek requires re-imagining standard operating procedures, increasing innovation and, perhaps most importantly, trusting in _____33_____. Let employees work out the details rather than trying to “solve” the four-day workweek challenge from the top down. Awin, a Berlin-based teach firm, saw 80 employees volunteer for task forces to _____34_____ that their switch to a four-day workweek went smoothly. Those who are closest to the work and potential challenges are often closest to the _____35_____. The website www. 4dayweek.com also offers many resources to help companies design a four-day workweek pilot. 21. A. dislike B. substitution C. responsibility D. enthusiasm 22. A. delayed B. reasonable C. incorrect D. official 23. A. late B. practical C. easy D. impossible 24. A. loosen B. hurt C. strengthened D. trembled 25. A. withdraw B. fail C. defend D. adapt 26. A. intentionally B. traditionally C. incidentally D. hopelessly 27. A. center B. recovery C. design D. pilot 28. A. As a result B. What’s more C. By contrast D. In fact 29. A. concerns B. assumptions C. threats D. benefits 30. A. isolated B. experience C. fulfilled D. modernized 31. A. reminded B. convinced C. informed D. warned 32. A. a sense of B. a drain on C. a loss of D. a waste of 33. A. employees B. advocates C. campaigners D. leaders 34. A. enhance B. prompt C. warn D. ensure 35. A. risks B. procedures C. solutions D. resources 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四天工作制这一理念的出现、发展、优势、面临的挑战及实施要点。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着加州国会议员Mark Takano提出将标准工作周从40小时减少到32小时的立法，人们对缩短工作周的意识以及对它的热情正在高涨。A. dislike不喜欢；B. substitution代替；C. responsibility责任；D. enthusiasm热情。根据上文“With California Congressman Mark Takano’s introduction of legislation to reduce the standard workweek from 40 to 32 hours,”以及常识可知，对于缩短工作周，人们会感到热情高涨。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的怀疑是对我们工作观念发生巨大变化的合理反应。A. delayed延迟的；B. reasonable合理的；C. incorrect不正确的；D. official官方的。根据下文“response to a great change in how we think about work. American work culture has been defined by ideals of career as identity, workaholism and ambitions for continuous growth.”可知，美国的工作文化一直由职业即身份、工作狂和持续增长的野心等理念所定义，所以此处表示最初的怀疑是一种合理的反应。故选B。 23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要摆脱我们所知道的唯一现实并不容易。A. late晚的；B. practical实际的；C. easy容易的；D. impossible不可能的。根据上文“American work culture has been defined by ideals of career as identity, workaholism and ambitions for continuous growth.”可知，美国的工作文化根深蒂固，所以摆脱这种现实并不容易。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于许多人来说，在过去两年中，随着疫情和其他全球危机带来的每一个挑战，适应的力量都得到了加强。A. loosen放松；B. hurt伤害；C. strengthened加强；D. trembled颤抖。根据下文“with every challenge brought on by the pandemic and other global crises.”以及语境可知，面对各种挑战，人们的适应能力得到了加强。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：各行业快速、显著地向居家办公过渡提供了证据，证明我们能够根据不断变化的条件迅速适应。A. withdraw撤退；B. fail失败；C. defend防御；D. adapt适应。根据上文“The rapid, significant transition across industries to working from home”可知，各行业快速向居家办公过渡，说明人们能够迅速适应变化。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，我们有机会锻炼这些力量，以有意地从过时的工作观念中进化出来。A. intentionally有意地；B. traditionally传统地；C. incidentally偶然地；D. hopelessly绝望地。根据上文“we have an opportunity to exercise these muscles”可知，现在有机会锻炼适应能力，从而有意地摆脱过时的工作观念。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球各地正在出现四天工作周的试点项目，一些公司现在正从试点阶段过渡到永久实施该政策。A. center中心；B. recovery恢复；C. design设计；D. pilot飞行员。根据下文“to implementing the policy permanently”可知，一些公司正在从试点阶段过渡到永久实施。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：而且政治领导人也对这一理念表示支持。A. As a result结果；B. What’s more而且；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In fact事实上。根据上文“Four-day workweek pilots are emerging across the globe”以及下文“political leaders are voicing support for the concept”可知，这里是在进一步说明除了公司试点外，政治领导人也支持这一理念。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：倡导者提到了许多好处，包括减少职业倦怠、改善身心健康、增加性别平等以及积极的环境影响。A. concerns担忧；B. assumptions假设；C. threats威胁；D. benefits好处。根据下文“including reduced burnout, improved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and positive environment impacts”可知，这些都是四天工作周带来的好处。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多支持四天工作周的人设想了一个更加充实和休息的社区。A. isolated孤立的；B. experience有经验的；C. fulfilled充实的；D. modernized现代化的。根据上文“It is easy to imagine what we might do with an additional day — spend time with family and friends, pursue a hobby, enroll in classes, sleep.”可知，多出来的一天可以让人们做很多事情，从而让社区更加充实。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些领导者会看到这项研究并被说服，认为在他们的组织中进行试点是值得的。A. reminded提醒；B. convinced说服；C. informed通知；D. warned警告。根据上文“Some leaders will see the research”以及下文“that a pilot in their organization is worthwhile”可知，一些领导者看到研究后会被说服，认为试点是值得的。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：对一些人来说，遵循每周四天工作制和在家工作安排的更少的面对面交流时间，可能会感到失去控制。A. a sense of一种……的感觉；B. a drain on对……的消耗；C. a loss of失去；D. a waste of浪费。根据上文“Many leaders were taught that face-time with employees is the only way to ensure accountability, productivity and teamwork.”可知，一些领导者认为面对面的时间是确保责任、生产力和团队合作的唯一方式，所以减少面对面时间可能会让他们感觉失去了控制。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于组织和团队的领导者来说，转向四天工作周需要重新构想标准操作程序、增加创新，而且或许最重要的是，要信任员工。A. employees员工；B. advocates倡导者；C. campaigners活动家；D. leaders领导者。根据下文“Let employees work out the details rather than trying to ‘solve’ the four-day workweek challenge from the top down.”可知，此处强调的是要信任员工，让员工自己解决问题。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：柏林的一家教学公司Awin看到80名员工自愿组成任务小组，确保他们顺利过渡到四天工作周。A. enhance增强；B. prompt促使；C. warn警告；D. ensure确保。根据下文“that their switch to a four-day workweek went smoothly”可知，员工自愿组成任务小组是为了确保顺利过渡到四天工作周。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些最接近工作和潜在挑战的人往往最接近解决方案。A. risks风险；B. procedures程序；C. solutions解决方案；D. resources资源。根据上文“Those who are closest to the work and potential challenges”可知，最接近工作和挑战的人往往能找到解决方案。故选C。 Section B (20%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) First, I must get settled into school. My classes begin today at the PRIVET! Russian Academy of Language Studies, where I will be attending class five days a week, four hours a day. I know I am such a shameless student. I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. The last thing I want is to end up in a Level One class, which would be so humiliating for me. Given that I already took a whole entire semester of Russian at my Night School for Divorced Ladies in New York, and that I spent the summer memorizing flash cards. The thing is, I don’t even know how many levels this school has, but the mere mention of “level” sparks a resolve within me to aim for Level Two — at least. It’s such a hard test! I can’t get through even a tenth of it! In the end, it’s OK, though. So it’s hammering down rain today, but I show up early, wander about the school and smugly walk past all those Level One students (who must be rookies, really) and enter my first class. Here I am with my peers. But it becomes swiftly evident that these are not my peers and that I have no business being here. I feel like I’m swimming, but barely. Like I’m taking in water with every breath. The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that …” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. My stomach is gripped in horror and I’m gasping for air and praying he won’t call on me. Just as soon as the break comes, I run out of that classroom on wobbling legs and I scurry all the way over to the administrative office almost in tears, where I beg in very clear English if they could please move me down to a Level One class. And so they do. And now I am here. 36. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She is a newly-admitted student majoring in language teaching. B. She has no knowledge of this foreign language and is put to shame. C. She is full of anticipation and readiness for new educational pursuit. D. She attends the same school to build upon prior academic achievements. 37. What does the underlined word “smugly” in paragraph 5 mean? A. arrogantly B. furiously C. secretly D. nobly 38. Why does the writer withdraw from Level Two class in the end? A. The teacher singles her out for her inability to converse smoothly in foreign language. B. The age and culture divide leads to an overwhelming sense of alienation with classmates. C. The unexpected discomfort in her stomach prompts a pause in regular learning activities. D. The unthinkable difficulty in catching up with the teaching rhythm destroys confidence. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在开学之前想要进入二级班，通过自己的努力进入了二级班，但是在开学的第一天，作者在课堂上无法跟上教师的节奏，决定退出二级班，回到一级班的故事。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. (昨晚我把衣服摆好了，就像我一年级第一天上学前一样，还有我的漆革鞋和我的新午餐盒。)”和第二段“The thing is, I don’t even know how many levels this school has, but the mere mention of “level” sparks a resolve within me to aim for Level Two—at least. (问题是，我甚至不知道这所学校有多少关卡，但仅仅是提到“关卡”就激发了我的决心，至少要达到第二级。)”可知，在未上学前，作者充满了期待并做好充分的准备。故选C。 【37题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“In the end, it’s OK, though. (不过，最后还是没事的。)”可知，虽然考试很难，但最后作者还是进入了二级班，当经过一级班的同学时（...walk past all those Level One students），他会感到一种优越感，所以应该是“沾沾自喜”地走过。所以划线词smugly为“ 沾沾自喜地”之意。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that…” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. (老师，一个瘦骨嶙峋的家伙(为什么这里的老师都这么瘦?我不相信瘦弱的俄罗斯人)，语速太快，跳过整章整章的教科书，说：“你已经知道这个了，你已经知道那个了……”，并与我那些看起来很流利的同学保持快速的交谈。)”可知，作者很难跟上老师的节奏，所以作者最后退出了二级班。故选D。 (B) Phillip Island Penguins The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations. Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch a summer sunset at Summerland Beach－the stage is attractively set to see the Little Penguin leave water and step onto land. ·Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm. for a direct journey to Phillip Island ·See the Gippsland area－Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm ·Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance ·Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island－natural home for Little Penguins and many animals ·Take your place in special viewing stands to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little penguins Ultimate Penguins (+U) Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses. Adult $ 60.00 Child $ 30.00 Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V) More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands. Adult $ 25.00 Child $ 12.50 Penguin Skybox (+S) Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach. Adult 16 yrs + $ 50.00 39. What kind of people is the text mainly written for? A. Scientists. B. Students. C. Tourists. D. Artists. 40. What can we learn from the text about Little Penguins? A. They have been on Phillip Island for years. B. They keep a Guinness record for their size. C. They are trained to practice diving for visitors. D. They live in large groups to protect themselves. 41. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour? A. $ 37.50. B. $ 62.50. C. $ 180.00. D. $ 150.00. 【答案】39. C 40. A 41. B 【解析】 【分析】本文为应用文，文章介绍了飞利浦岛企鹅以及旅游的行程，价格。 39题详解】 推理判断题。文章大部分讨论的景点的介绍及旅游的行程，显然是针对游客的，故选C 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第一句话The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations.可知，企鹅在这座岛上已经好几代了，故选A 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二部分Adult $ 25.00 Child $ 12.50，可计算得知 25+25+12.5=62.5 故选B (C) Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls(民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings. A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously under-educated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs. The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education. Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors. It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time. Children whose parents where happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adult. The best formula(准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem. 42. It can be inferred from the passage that ________ A. happiness is neither predictable nor apparent. B a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happy. C. the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group. D. happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in society. 43. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon ________ A. a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likes. B. great wealth with which one can buy anything. C. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better. D. a college degree that can help one achieve great success. 44. The letter AQ in the last paragraph most probably mean ________ A. ambition to defeat others in a severe competition. B. ability to overcome difficulty and get out of embarrassing situation. C. methods of solving difficult problems and challenges in life. D. attitudes towards severe competition especially in trouble. 45. The best title of this passage may be ________. A. What Does Happiness Lie in B. Happiness and Unhappiness C. Different Kinds of Happiness D. Causes of Happiness and Unhappiness 【答案】42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。幸福可以被描述为一种积极的情绪和愉快的心境。根据最近的民意调查，60%到70%的美国人认为自己比较幸福，每20个人中就有一个人感到非常不幸福。心理学家一直在研究幸福的因素。文章主要说明了一些影响幸福的因素。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes.可知富人不太可能比中等收入群体、甚至是那些收入极低的人更幸福。由此可推断出，幸福不一定与一个人的社会地位有关。故选D。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.可知值得注意的是，人们很快就习惯了他们所拥有的，当他们感到自己的水平在不断提高时，他们是最快乐的，无论他们的水平在给定的时间内处于什么位置。由此可推断出，幸福极大地取决于人们感觉处境变得较好，故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段The best formula for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.可知幸福的最佳公式是能够发展AQ(逆境系数，在遇到困难时能大有益处)，拥有个人的投入和承诺，以及发展自信和自尊。由此可知，最后一段中的字母AQ最有可能表示克服困难、摆脱困境的能力。故选B。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls, sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness.可知幸福可以被描述为一种积极的情绪和愉快的心境。根据最近的民意调查，60%到70%的美国人认为自己比较幸福，每20个人中就有一个人感到非常不幸福。心理学家一直在研究幸福的因素。结合全文可知，本文主要谈论的是影响幸福的因素，故A选项“幸福在于什么”符合文章标题。故选A。 Section C 4% Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Dance of Life Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances. ___46___ There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison. Nevertheless, it is only human beings who have adapted dance to therapeutic purposes. Dance as therapy goes back a long time. Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling. ___47___ This was the birth of dance therapy. ___48___ It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions: religious ceremonies, war dances, hunting dances, rain dances, planting and harvesting dances, marriage and funeral dances. Sadly, today, many “advance” industrial societies, such as the U. S. , have lost many of the functions connected to these older dances. They have been replaced, for example, with rave dancing which, at its best, involves shaking your body at a rave or nightclub. But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival. ___49___ There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being. People who may be put off by therapies based on weird philosophies will readily take to dancing every Saturday night. Dance therapy nowadays, in fact, is taken very seriously by both alternative and conventional medical practitioners. It would seem that the “dance of life” continues to move us all. A. Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power. B. And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well. C. Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy. D. Those with medical problems can’t tell they are in therapy because they are just having fun. E. Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions. F. They dressed up as animals and jumped up and down making animal movements and noises. 【答案】46. B 47. E 48. A 49. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了舞蹈有着神奇的治愈力量，对人的情感和思想有着积极的影响，因此而诞生的舞蹈治疗法也受到越来越多的人的重视和认可。 【46题详解】 根据上一句“Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances.”（在孩子们学会说话之前，他们没有看过任何人跳舞，他们通过简单的有节奏的动作或我们后来认为的简单的舞蹈来表达开心。）可知，人类天生就会跳舞；结合下一句“There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison.”（有些鸟实际上会群舞：一起盘旋、鞠躬、前进和后退。）可知，不仅人类，鸟类也会跳舞；选项B. And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well.（不仅人类会跳舞，动物和昆虫也会跳舞。）指出了不仅人类会跳舞，动物也会，承上启下，符合语意。故选B。 【47题详解】 根据上一句“Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling.”（原始人最初是凭本能自己跳舞，过了一段时间后，他们发现重复的有节奏的动作能产生一种良好的感觉。）可知，人类慢慢发现舞蹈能够带给人良好的感觉，选项E. Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions.（舞蹈与这种对思想和情感的积极影响之间形成了联系。）中的“this positive effect”与上一句的“good feeling”相对应，进一步说明了舞蹈有利于帮助人类建立良好的情绪和感觉，结合下一句“This was the birth of dance therapy.”（这就是舞蹈疗法的诞生。）可知，舞蹈对人类情感的积极影响导致了舞蹈疗法的产生，该句中的“This”指代选项E的内容，语意合理，符合语境。故选E。 【48题详解】 根据下一句“It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions:”（它用于各种各样的目的和不同的场合：）可知，该句中的“It”指代“舞蹈”，选项A. Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power.（舞蹈似乎一直有一种神奇的治愈力量。）中的主语“Dance”与之相对应，说明了舞蹈被用于各种目的和场合的原因，是因为它有一种神奇的治愈力量，衔接下文，语意合理。故选A。 【49题详解】 根据上一句“But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival.”（但是，舞蹈作为治疗的“原始”用途最近出现了巨大的复兴。）可知，舞蹈治疗开始兴起，人们对这种方式产生了极大的兴趣，选项C. Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy.（人们对提供舞蹈治疗的课程从未有过如此浓厚的兴趣。）具体说明了人们产生兴趣的具体表现；结合下一句“There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being.”（互联网上有近200万个舞蹈治疗网站，世界各地的舞蹈治疗团体将快乐与健康和幸福结合在一起。）可知，互联网上有许多提供舞蹈治疗的课程，这应该是人们对此产生极大兴趣所导致的结果，故选项C承上启下，语意衔接合理。故选C。 IV. Summary 10% 50. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要． Cashless Society, Good or Evil？ Can we do without cash? Since 2015, digital payments in the UK have outnumbered those in cash, and we are invited by the great and the good to cheer this on. The fully cashless era will be magnificently convenient, they say, with goods delivered to the door; no fumbling for change just tap and go. Some London branches of several chains don't accept cash any more. Businesses and banks want to abolish cash because they have fears of the black market and tax avoidance Yet we should worry about the death of cash, because physical money possesses worth far above its face value. Actual physical money in the hand, teaches us its true value. With cash, what you see is what you have. Exchanging it demands personal engagement and oils the wheels of a community. In a shop, the exchange of cash takes time: it involves eye meeting eye. By contrast, a cashless society is a joyless one. A digital touch payment is done in a flash: no human interaction necessary. Digital self-service is cold when you are staring silently at your electronic device. Besides, cash is a great leveler (使人人平等的事). Every penny, pound and banknote sits the same in every hand, identical in value and appearance. Moreover, a pocketful of change is like a gallery or a museum. The roses, ostrich feathers and lions on the coins reveal the history that shaped the United Kingdom. It is really crazy to give up on cash. We are told digital payment is a welcome liberation from the shackles (束缚) of cash, but digital payments actually restrict the reach of money. It requires a combination of factors like Wi-Fi, battery power and phones. Worse still, the lack of cash means even the most fundamental aspects of etiquette (礼仪) are under pressure. Tipping in restaurants is changing beyond recognition. In simpler times, any amount of cash, warmly generous or pointedly small could be left as a reward. In the digital age, any extra money transferred to the restaurant account may never reach the staff pocket. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Though digital payments overtook cash for its unparalleled convenience, physical money should be encouraged, for it brings about human interaction and is of equal value in different hands. Moreover, its beautiful design tells the history. Digital payment relies on devices and makes people less polite. People are less willing to leave tips as they seldom reach the restaurant staff. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了尽管数字支付以其无与伦比的便利取代了现金，但实体货币应该得到鼓励，因为它带来了人类的互动，而且在不同的人手中具有同等的价值。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The fully cashless era will be magnificently convenient. ②Actual physical money, in the hand, teaches us its true value. A digital touch payment is done in a flash: no human interaction necessary. ③Moreover, a pocketful of change is like a gallery or a museum. ④Digital self-service is cold when you are staring silently at your electronic device. ⑤Worse still, the lack of cash means even the most fundamental aspects of etiquette (礼仪) are under pressure. ⑥Tipping in restaurants is changing beyond recognition. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将4、5两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Though digital payments overtook cash for its unparalleled convenience, physical money should be encouraged, for it brings about human interaction and is of equal value in different hands. Digital payment relies on devices and makes people less polite. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Though digital payments overtook cash for its unparalleled convenience, physical money should be encouraged, for it brings about human interaction and is of equal value in different hands.（though引导让步状语从句） [高分句型2] People are less willing to leave tips as they seldom reach the restaurant staff.（as引导原因状语从句） V. Translation 15% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 警方告诫居民不要随意燃放烟花爆竹以防火灾。(warn) （汉译英） ______________________________________________ 【答案】The police warned the residents against setting off fireworks carelessly to prevent fire. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“The police”作主语，表示“警方”，句首单词首字母大写，“warn sb. against doing sth.”意为“告诫某人不要做某事”，“warn”的过去式为“warned”，“the residents”表示“居民”，“setting off fireworks carelessly”表示“不要随意燃放烟花爆竹”，为动名词作宾语，“to prevent fire”表示“以防火灾”，为不定式作目的状语。故翻译为The police warned the residents against setting off fireworks carelessly to prevent fire. 52. 校长决定禁止学生在考试期间使用智能手表。(ban) (汉译英) ______________________________________________ 【答案】The school principal decided to ban students from using smartwatches during exams. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和动词短语。描述过去发生的动作，句子应用一般过去时。“校长”翻译为The school principal，作为句子的主语；“决定做某事”翻译为decide to do，decide作为句子的谓语，应用过去式形式decided；“禁止某人做某事”使用动词短语ban sb. from doing sth.，“学生”翻译为students；“使用智能手表”use smartwatches，use作介词from的宾语，用动名词形式using；“在考试期间”翻译为during exams，作为时间状语放在句末。故翻译为The school principal decided to ban students from using smartwatches during exams. 53. 他当时不知道公司什么时候会提供我们这个项目所需要的新设备。(idea) (汉译英) ______________________________________________ 【答案】He had no idea when the company would supply the new equipment we needed for the project. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、同位语从句及定语从句。描述过去发生的动作，主句应用一般过去时。“他”翻译为He，作为句子的主语，位于句首首字母大写，“不知道”翻译为have no idea，have作为句子的谓语用过去式形式had，“公司什么时候会提供我们这个项目所需要的新设备”是一个同位语从句，解释说明idea的内容，其中“什么时候”翻译为when，引导该同位语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，从句描述从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，主语“公司”翻译为the company，“提供”would supply，“新设备”翻译为the new equipment，后接定语从句表示“我们这个项目所需要的”，修饰先行词the new equipment，先行词在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词that/which可以省略，其中主语“我们”翻译为we，谓语“需要”翻译为need，用过去式形式needed，“为了这个项目”翻译为for the project。故翻译为He had no idea when the company would supply the new equipment we needed for the project. 54. 我们强烈反对不考虑学生的心理，盲目地去追求卓越的学习成绩。（object）（汉译英） ______________________________________________ 【答案】We strongly object to blindly pursuing outstanding academic achievements without considering students’ mental states. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和介词。该句可理解为“我们强烈反对盲目去追求卓越的学习成绩，没有考虑学生的心理”，该句表示客观事实，应用一般现在时；动词短语object to doing sth表示“反对做某事”，pursue表示“追求”，“卓越的学习成绩”可译为outstanding academic achievements，副词blindly表示“盲目地”，故“我们强烈反对盲目去追求卓越的学习成绩”可译为We strongly object to blindly pursuing outsanting academic achievements；“没有考虑学生的心理”可用介词短语without doing sth的形式表达，作状语；动词consider表示“考虑”，名词短语mental state表示“心理状态”，故可译为without considering students’ mental states。故翻译为We strongly object to blindly pursuing outstanding academic achievements without considering students’ mental states.。 55. 在选择买房时，我们应该将便捷的交通以及良好的商业配套设施等因素考虑在内。(account) （汉译英） ______________________________________________ 【答案】When choosing to buy a house, we should take the factors such as convenient transportation and good commercial facilities into account. 【解析】 【详解】考查短固定短语和状语从句的省略。表示“在……时”用连词when，引导时间状语从句；“选择买房”翻译为choose to buy a house，所以“在选择买房时”可翻译为When choosing to buy a house，这是一个时间状语从句的省略形式，完整的表达应该是When we are choosing to buy a house，当主从句主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词；“将……考虑在内”用短语take…into account；“应该”用情态动词should；“因素”用名词factor；“便捷的交通”翻译为convenient transportation；“良好的商业配套设施”翻译为good commercial facilities。故翻译为When choosing to buy a house, we should take the factors such as convenient transportation and good commercial facilities into account. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市风华中学 2025 学年第二学期高二年级英语期中测试卷 （2025.4） （时间：105 分钟 满分 100 分） I.Listening Comprehension 16% Section A 10% Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Angry. B. Tired. C. Hungry. D. Disappointed. 2. A. She did a survey a week ago. B. She completed her survey quickly. C. She will help him on Thursday. D. She thinks she can reduce the cost. 3. A. In a grocery. B. In a warehouse. C. In a shopping mall. D. In a fashion designer's studio. 4. A. He wrote it last semester. B. He'll finish it in a few minutes. C. He never does assignments early. D. He isn't going to write it. 5. A. Boss and secretary. B. Coach and athlete. C. Doctor and patient. D. Teacher and student. 6. A. 10:00. B. 10:10. C. 10:20. D. 10:30. 7. A. The electrician came to repair the lamp. B. The lamp was taken to the repair shop. C. She had Mike fix the lamp. D. The lamp was replaced. 8. A. Studying. B. Watching television. C. Coming upstairs. D. Going to the movies. 9 A. She had gone to photography class instead. B. She has not chosen a picture for it. C. She had broken her camera. D. She was unable to have her picture taken. 10. A. Dick is practically the only one who thinks so. B. Most people play football differently. C. Few people are optimistic about the team's chances of winning. D. Dick is disappointed in football games. Part B Passages 6% Directions: In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short. C. When homework is given. D. When your mother talks. 12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words. C. Your mind and ears. D. Some pictures. 13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind. C. Some details. D. School assignments. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The teenagers' strange behavior. B. The teenagers' criticism of their parents. C. The dominance of the parents over their children. D. Misunderstanding between teenagers and their parents. 15. A. Because they want to make their parents angry; B. Because they have no other way to enjoy themselves. C. Because they have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste. D. Because they want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own. 16. A. They should be obedient. B. They should be responsible. C. They should be cooperative. D. They should be independent. II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A 10% Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. What Can One City Do? People around the world are concerned about global warming and are talking about ways to stop it. The city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the United States, is doing more than just talking. Cambridge wants to become a world leader in energy-efficient buildings. Today, Naema Omar is improving her 80-year-old house in Cambridge. To keep the heat inside in the winter, she is filling the space inside the walls with insulation(绝缘). Insulation is usually made from chemicals, but in her house, she is using ____1____ new — insulation made from recycled blue jeans and other clothes. She has also put in a new type of light called an LED lamp____2____ uses only a tiny amount of electricity. The light bulbs in it last for 20 to 30 years before needing ____3____ (change). But eco-friendly insulation and lighting are much more expensive than the usual kind ____4____ many people in Cambridge can’t afford them. A group called Cambridge Energy Alliance (CEA) ____5____ (work) to solve this problem. They want to help every resident and business in the city conserve energy. People can ask the group to come and look at ____6____ they can make their house or office building eco-friendly. The CEA then makes them a plan to save 15 to 30 percent on heating, gas, water, and electricity. Then the group help people borrow money to pay for the improvements. The money that people save by being ____7____ (efficient) should be enough to pay back the loan. It was ten years ago that the city of Cambridge decided to try to reduce its carbon emissions. More than 80 percent of the carbon dioxide ____8____ (produce) in Cambridge comes from buildings — not from cars. ____9____ successful, the program will not only save a lot of energy but also make new jobs for local people. Workers____10____ (need) to put in insulation, install better doors and windows, and make other energy improvements on buildings. The CEA hopes that their program will be an example for other cities. Section B 10% Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. identified B. interpretation C. detect D. application E. regional F. confused G. relation H. exist I. follow J. commercial K. impact Recently, British university researchers said that a computer programme can help Asian students to deal with ____11____ English accents which are difficult to understand. This is good news for students who get ____12____ by different English accents. Computer scientists at Nottingham University said that some Asian students in Britain find it difficult to understand the range of different English accents. Among native English speakers, many different accents ____13____. Some accents are easily ____14____ by certain characteristics. But more variations can be difficult to understand. Difficulties can be experienced in the process of differentiating sounds at the end of spoken English words, like rope versus robe, and at the start, like tin versus thin. This can make continuous speech difficult to ____15____, as misunderstanding a single word can significantly change the whole ____16____ of a sentence. It would be useful to have something that would make it easier for foreign students to understand different English accents. The researchers’ Spoken English Discrimination (SED) training programme can train Chinese speakers in how to ____17____ differences in speech sounds in difficult conditions, such as accented speech or in situations in which there are a number of sounds in the background, a university release reported. “Our findings have shown that SED training programme really does have a significant ____18____ on enabling Asian students to differentiate between sounds,” researcher Nicola Pitchford said. “There is ____19____ potential for SED. There has already been interest in the programme, from government organizations, through to a major Chinese mobile phone company who is interested in developing it into an educational phone ____20____.” IV.Reading Comprehension Section A 15% Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. An idea whose time has come: the four-day workweek The four-day workweek’s moment has arrived. With California Congressman Mark Takano’s introduction of legislation to reduce the standard workweek from 40 to 32 hours, awareness of a shorter workweek — and ____21____ for it — is gaining. And so is the skepticism (怀疑) around it. Initial skepticism is a(n) ____22____ response to a great change in how we think about work. American work culture has been defined by ideals of career as identity, workaholism and ambitions for continuous growth. It is not ____23____ to free ourselves from the only reality we know. And yet, if there were ever a right time, this is it. For so many, the muscles of adaptation have ____24____ over the past two years with every challenge brought on by the pandemic and other global crises. The rapid, significant transition across industries to working from home provided evidence that we can ____25____ quickly in response to changing conditions. Now, we have an opportunity to exercise these muscles to ____26____ evolve from outdated conceptions of what work must look like. Four-day workweek pilots are emerging across the globe, with some companies now shifting from the ____27____ stage to implementing the policy permanently. Microsoft Japan, Unilever New Zealand and Kick-starter represent just a few of a growing number of organizations exploring the four-day workweek. ____28____ political leaders are voicing support for the concept. Last year, New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem approved employers implementing a four-day workweek to help stimulate domestic tourism in response to industry downturn brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Advocates mention many ____29____, including reduced burnout, improved physical and mental health, increased gender equity, and positive environment impacts. It is easy to imagine what we might do with an additional day — spend time with family and friends, pursue a hobby, enroll in classes, sleep. Many in favor of the four-day workweek envision (展望) a more _____30_____ and rested community. Pilot findings show increased productivity as well. Among companies that have adopted a four-day week, nearly two-thirds report increased productivity. Some leaders will see the research and be _____31_____ that a pilot in their organization is worthwhile. Other will resist the idea. What theories or beliefs are at the root of their concerns? Many leaders were taught that face-time with employees is the only way to ensure accountability productivity and teamwork. Less face-time, which follows the four-day workweek model and work-from-home arrangements, can feel like _____32_____ control to some people. For leaders of organizations and teams, the shift to a four-day workweek requires re-imagining standard operating procedures, increasing innovation and, perhaps most importantly, trusting in _____33_____. Let employees work out the details rather than trying to “solve” the four-day workweek challenge from the top down. Awin, a Berlin-based teach firm, saw 80 employees volunteer for task forces to _____34_____ that their switch to a four-day workweek went smoothly. Those who are closest to the work and potential challenges are often closest to the _____35_____. The website www. 4dayweek.com also offers many resources to help companies design a four-day workweek pilot. 21. A. dislike B. substitution C. responsibility D. enthusiasm 22. A. delayed B. reasonable C. incorrect D. official 23. A. late B. practical C. easy D. impossible 24. A. loosen B. hurt C. strengthened D. trembled 25. A. withdraw B. fail C. defend D. adapt 26. A. intentionally B. traditionally C. incidentally D. hopelessly 27. A. center B. recovery C. design D. pilot 28. A. As a result B. What’s more C. By contrast D. In fact 29. A. concerns B. assumptions C. threats D. benefits 30. A. isolated B. experience C. fulfilled D. modernized 31. A. reminded B. convinced C. informed D. warned 32. A. a sense of B. a drain on C. a loss of D. a waste of 33. A. employees B. advocates C. campaigners D. leaders 34. A. enhance B. prompt C. warn D. ensure 35. A. risks B. procedures C. solutions D. resources Section B (20%) Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) First, I must get settled into school. My classes begin today at the PRIVET! Russian Academy of Language Studies, where I will be attending class five days a week, four hours a day. I know I am such a shameless student. I laid my clothes out last night, just like I did before my first day of first grade, with my patent leather shoes and my new lunch box. The last thing I want is to end up in a Level One class, which would be so humiliating for me. Given that I already took a whole entire semester of Russian at my Night School for Divorced Ladies in New York, and that I spent the summer memorizing flash cards. The thing is, I don’t even know how many levels this school has, but the mere mention of “level” sparks a resolve within me to aim for Level Two — at least. It’s such a hard test! I can’t get through even a tenth of it! In the end, it’s OK, though. So it’s hammering down rain today, but I show up early, wander about the school and smugly walk past all those Level One students (who must be rookies, really) and enter my first class. Here I am with my peers. But it becomes swiftly evident that these are not my peers and that I have no business being here. I feel like I’m swimming, but barely. Like I’m taking in water with every breath. The teacher, a skinny guy (Why are the teachers so skinny here? I don’t trust skinny Russians.), is going way too fast, is skipping over whole chapters of the textbook, saying, “You already know this, you already know that …” and keeping up a rapid-fire conversation with my apparently fluent classmates. My stomach is gripped in horror and I’m gasping for air and praying he won’t call on me. Just as soon as the break comes, I run out of that classroom on wobbling legs and I scurry all the way over to the administrative office almost in tears, where I beg in very clear English if they could please move me down to a Level One class. And so they do. And now I am here. 36. What do we know about the writer from the first two paragraphs? A. She is a newly-admitted student majoring in language teaching. B. She has no knowledge of this foreign language and is put to shame. C She is full of anticipation and readiness for new educational pursuit. D. She attends the same school to build upon prior academic achievements. 37. What does the underlined word “smugly” in paragraph 5 mean? A. arrogantly B. furiously C. secretly D. nobly 38. Why does the writer withdraw from Level Two class in the end? A. The teacher singles her out for her inability to converse smoothly in foreign language. B. The age and culture divide leads to an overwhelming sense of alienation with classmates. C The unexpected discomfort in her stomach prompts a pause in regular learning activities. D. The unthinkable difficulty in catching up with the teaching rhythm destroys confidence. (B) Phillip Island Penguins The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch a summer sunset at Summerland Beach－the stage is attractively set to see the Little Penguin leave water and step onto land. ·Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm. for a direct journey to Phillip Island ·See the Gippsland area－Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm ·Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance ·Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island－natural home for Little Penguins and many animals ·Take your place in special viewing stands to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little penguins Ultimate Penguins (+U) Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses. Adult $ 60.00 Child $ 30.00 Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V) More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands. Adult $ 25.00 Child $ 12.50 Penguin Skybox (+S) Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach. Adult 16 yrs + $ 50.00 39. What kind of people is the text mainly written for? A. Scientists. B. Students. C. Tourists. D. Artists. 40. What can we learn from the text about Little Penguins? A. They have been on Phillip Island for years. B. They keep a Guinness record for their size. C. They are trained to practice diving for visitors. D. They live in large groups to protect themselves. 41. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour? A. $ 37.50. B. $ 62.50. C. $ 180.00. D. $ 150.00. (C) Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls(民意调查), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable, nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings. A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously under-educated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs. The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education. Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those who have good relationship with other family members are happier than those who live alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factors. It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time. Children whose parents where happily married have happier childhoods, but are not necessarily happier adult. The best formula(准则) for happiness is to be able to develop AQ (Adversity Quotient that can be of great benefit when running into trouble), to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem. 42. It can be inferred from the passage that ________ A. happiness is neither predictable nor apparent. B. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happy. C. the rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group. D. happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in society. 43. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon ________ A. a happy childhood in which one can do whatever he likes. B. great wealth with which one can buy anything. C. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better. D. a college degree that can help one achieve great success. 44. The letter AQ in the last paragraph most probably mean ________ A. ambition to defeat others in a severe competition. B. ability to overcome difficulty and get out of embarrassing situation. C. methods of solving difficult problems and challenges in life. D. attitudes towards severe competition especially in trouble. 45. The best title of this passage may be ________. A. What Does Happiness Lie in B. Happiness and Unhappiness C. Different Kinds of Happiness D. Causes of Happiness and Unhappiness Section C 4% Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Dance of Life Before children learn to talk, and without having seen anyone dance, they express happiness through simple rhythmic movements or what we later recognize as simple dances. ___46___ There are birds that actually have group dances: circling, bowing, advancing, and retreating in unison. Nevertheless, it is only human beings who have adapted dance to therapeutic purposes. Dance as therapy goes back a long time. Primitive people first danced by themselves instinctively and found, after a while, that repeated rhythmic movements produced a good feeling. ___47___ This was the birth of dance therapy. ___48___ It was used for a wide variety of purposes and on different occasions: religious ceremonies, war dances, hunting dances, rain dances, planting and harvesting dances, marriage and funeral dances. Sadly, today, many “advance” industrial societies, such as the U. S. , have lost many of the functions connected to these older dances. They have been replaced, for example, with rave dancing which, at its best, involves shaking your body at a rave or nightclub. But the “primitive” use of dance as therapy has recently seen a huge revival. ___49___ There are nearly two million website for dance therapy on the Internet, and dance therapy groups around the world combine pleasure with health and well-being. People who may be put off by therapies based on weird philosophies will readily take to dancing every Saturday night. Dance therapy nowadays, in fact, is taken very seriously by both alternative and conventional medical practitioners. It would seem that the “dance of life” continues to move us all. A. Dance has always seemed to have a magic healing power. B. And it’s not only humans that dance-animals and insects dance as well. C. Never before has there been such interest in courses offering dance therapy. D. Those with medical problems can’t tell they are in therapy because they are just having fun. E. Associations were formed between dance and this positive effect on the mind and emotions. F. They dressed up as animals and jumped up and down making animal movements and noises. IV. Summary 10% 50. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要． Cashless Society, Good or Evil？ Can we do without cash? Since 2015, digital payments in the UK have outnumbered those in cash, and we are invited by the great and the good to cheer this on. The fully cashless era will be magnificently convenient, they say, with goods delivered to the door; no fumbling for change just tap and go. Some London branches of several chains don't accept cash any more. Businesses and banks want to abolish cash because they have fears of the black market and tax avoidance Yet we should worry about the death of cash, because physical money possesses worth far above its face value. Actual physical money, in the hand, teaches us its true value. With cash, what you see is what you have. Exchanging it demands personal engagement and oils the wheels of a community. In a shop, the exchange of cash takes time: it involves eye meeting eye. By contrast, a cashless society is a joyless one. A digital touch payment is done in a flash: no human interaction necessary. Digital self-service is cold when you are staring silently at your electronic device. Besides, cash is a great leveler (使人人平等的事). Every penny, pound and banknote sits the same in every hand, identical in value and appearance. Moreover, a pocketful of change is like a gallery or a museum. The roses, ostrich feathers and lions on the coins reveal the history that shaped the United Kingdom. It is really crazy to give up on cash. We are told digital payment is a welcome liberation from the shackles (束缚) of cash, but digital payments actually restrict the reach of money. It requires a combination of factors like Wi-Fi, battery power and phones. Worse still, the lack of cash means even the most fundamental aspects of etiquette (礼仪) are under pressure. Tipping in restaurants is changing beyond recognition. In simpler times, any amount of cash, warmly generous or pointedly small could be left as a reward. In the digital age, any extra money transferred to the restaurant account may never reach the staff pocket. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation 15% Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 警方告诫居民不要随意燃放烟花爆竹以防火灾。(warn) （汉译英） ______________________________________________ 52. 校长决定禁止学生在考试期间使用智能手表。(ban) (汉译英) ______________________________________________ 53. 他当时不知道公司什么时候会提供我们这个项目所需要的新设备。(idea) (汉译英) ______________________________________________ 54. 我们强烈反对不考虑学生的心理，盲目地去追求卓越的学习成绩。（object）（汉译英） ______________________________________________ 55. 在选择买房时，我们应该将便捷的交通以及良好的商业配套设施等因素考虑在内。(account) （汉译英） ______________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$